Objective To investigate the application value of the subject-achieving quality control circle theory in enhan-cing medication adherence among newly diagnosed tuberculosis patients through via popular science intervention.Methods From September 2023 to April 2024,100 patients with newly diagnosed tuberculosis treated at the outpatient department were ran-domly divided into control and intervention groups,each comprising 50 cases.The control group received only routine medication education;whereas the intervention group,in addition to this,implemented popular science intervention measures based on the quality control circle theory.The medication adherence,full course completion rate,non-disease interruption rate,and self-re-ported adverse reaction rate were compared.Results After treatment,the intervention group showed higher medication adher-ence(6.76±1.02 vs.6.15±1.36),better adherence rates(78％vs.62％),and higher cure rates(76％vs.42％)than the control group,all with statistical significance.The non-disease interruption rate was also significantly lower in the intervention group(2％vs.14％).Adverse reaction reports were 6％in control and 18％in intervention group.Conclusion The subject-achieving quality control circle effectively improves medication adherence in newly diagnosed tuberculosis patients.

Objective To investigate plasma protein expression changes in heatstroke patients using proteomics technology and to identify reliable prognostic biomarkers.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 20 heatstroke patients hospitalized at the 908th Hospital of the Chinese PLA Joint Logistics Support Force from July 2022 to February 2024.Patients were divided into survival(n=16)and death groups(n=4)based on 28-day outcomes.Fasting venous blood samples were collected from both groups for proteomic analysis.Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS)was used to identify and screen differentially expressed proteins.Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)and Gene Ontology(GO)enrichment analyses were performed.LASSO regression was applied to screen key prognostic biomarkers,and receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis was used to evaluate their predictive value.Results A total of 27 upregulated and 90 downregulated proteins were identified between the two groups.These proteins were primarily involved in biological processes such as immune responses,complement activation,and metabolic processes.LASSO regression analysis indicated that actin-related protein 2(ARP2),cysteine-rich scavenger receptor type 1 M130(CD163),and catalase(CAT)could serve as effective biomarkers for evaluating heatstroke prognosis.ROC curve analysis demonstrated that ARP2 had higher diagnostic efficacy(AUC=0.98,sensitivity=0.80,specificity=1.00)compared to CD163(AUC=0.94,sensitivity=0.76,specificity=1.00),CAT(AUC=0.96,sensitivity=0.67,specificity=1.00),and acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ(APACHE Ⅱ)score(AUC=0.79,sensitivity=0.44,specificity=1.00).Conclusion Elevated plasma ARP2 level has good clinical value for predicting poor prognosis in heatstroke patients.

Objective To investigate the status of population dynamics and distribution changes of Aedes aegypti in Guangdong Province.Methods Continuous monitoring was conducted from May 2018 to July 2024 in Wushi Town and Qishui Town,Leizhou City,Zhanjiang City,Guangdong Province.Additionally,a survey of the distribution of Ae.aegypti along the Leizhou Peninsula coast was carried out.Results The density of Ae.aegypti in Zhanjiang showed a gradual decline from 2018 to 2024.The last detection of adult Ae.aegypti in Wushi Town was in September 2021,and the last larva was found in October 2023.No Ae.aegypti was detected in Qishui Town during surveys from 2021 to 2024.A survey of 18 coastal villages in the Leizhou Peninsula revealed no detections of Ae.aegypti.Conclusions This study provides a basis for understanding the distribution and population density fluctuations of Ae.aegypti,assessing its invasion risk,and scientifically conducting relevant prevention and control efforts.

Objective To investigate the application value of the subject-achieving quality control circle theory in enhan-cing medication adherence among newly diagnosed tuberculosis patients through via popular science intervention.Methods From September 2023 to April 2024,100 patients with newly diagnosed tuberculosis treated at the outpatient department were ran-domly divided into control and intervention groups,each comprising 50 cases.The control group received only routine medication education;whereas the intervention group,in addition to this,implemented popular science intervention measures based on the quality control circle theory.The medication adherence,full course completion rate,non-disease interruption rate,and self-re-ported adverse reaction rate were compared.Results After treatment,the intervention group showed higher medication adher-ence(6.76±1.02 vs.6.15±1.36),better adherence rates(78％vs.62％),and higher cure rates(76％vs.42％)than the control group,all with statistical significance.The non-disease interruption rate was also significantly lower in the intervention group(2％vs.14％).Adverse reaction reports were 6％in control and 18％in intervention group.Conclusion The subject-achieving quality control circle effectively improves medication adherence in newly diagnosed tuberculosis patients.

Objective To explore the molecular mechanism of Gualou Guizhi decoction which regulates the interferon regulator factor 5(IRF5)signaling pathway to inhibit M1 type microglia activation and reduce the inflammatory response to protect damaged nerve cells.Methods Microglia(BV2)cells were randomly divided into BV2-control,BV2-model,BV2-experimental-L,-M,-H groups.The BV2-control group was given routine culture;the BV2-model group used 100 ng·mL-1 lipopolysaccharide(LPS)to stimulate BV2 which establish an inflammatory model;the BV2-experimental-L,-M,-H groups were cultured in 50,100,200 μg·mL-1 GLGZD and 100 ng·mL-1 LPS.The HT22 cells were divided into the HT-22-blank group,HT-22-model group,HT-22-control group and HT-22 experimental group.HT-22-blank group were conventional culture;HT-22-model group were oxygen glucose deprivation was performed for 2 h,then the complete medium was replaced for 24 h;HT-22-control group were after 2 h of oxygen glucose deprivation,the 100 ng·mL-1 LPS conditioned medium was replaced and incubated for 24 h;HT-22-experimental group were after 2 h of oxygen glucose deprivation,the 200 μg·mL-1 GLGZD conditioned medium was added for 24 h.Interleukin-12(IL-12)and IL-23 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA);the protein of IRF5,cluster differentiation 16(CD1 6)and MHC class Ⅱ(MHC-Ⅱ)was detected by Western blot;the expression of the synaptic marker protein class Ⅲ β-Tubulin(Tuj-1)was observed by immunofluorescence.Results IL-12 contents in the BV2-control,BV2-model and BV2-experimental-L,-M,-H groups were(2.62±1.02),(10.67±3.22),(6.87±1.61),(3.96±1.22)and(3.36±1.04)pg·mL-1;IL-23 contents were(20.40±2.04),(77.08±3.25),(76.28±3.75),(63.96±4.94)and(54.48±3.34)pg·mL-1;relative expression levels of IRF5 protein were 0.80±0.41,2.22±0.69,1.11±0.11,0.92±0.39 and 0.65±0.29;relative expression levels of CD16 protein were 0.69±0.45,1.91±0.52,1.42±0.22,1.04±0.15 and 0.67±0.30;relative expression levels of MHC-Ⅱ protein were 0.89±0.27,1.96±0.19,1.34±0.38,1.15±0.19 and 0.68±0.24.BV2-experimental-M,-H groups were compared with the BV2-model group,the differences were statistically significant(all P＜0.05).The Tuj-1 protein expression levels were 28.85±6.69,14.44±1.98,7.75±1.12 and 20.05±3.54,determined in the HT22-blank,HT22-model,HT22-control and HT22-experimental groups.The HT22-experimental group was compared with the HT22-control group,the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion GLGZD may reduces the activation of microglia M1 phenotype through IRF5 signaling pathway,and then inhibits inflammatory response to protect damaged nerve cells.

Objective To explore the biomarkers and potential mechanisms of chronic restraint stress-induced myocardial injury in hyperlipidemia ApoE-/-mice.Methods The hyperlipidemia combined with the chronic stress model was established by restraining the ApoE-/-mice.Proteomics and bioinformatics techniques were used to describe the characteristic molecular changes and related regulatory mechanisms of chronic stress-induced myocardial injury in hyperlipidemia mice and to explore potential diagnostic biomarkers.Results Proteomic analysis showed that there were 43 significantly up-regulated and 58 sig-nificantly down-regulated differentially expressed proteins in hyperlipidemia combined with the restraint stress group compared with the hyperlipidemia group.Among them,GBP2,TAOK3,TFR1 and UCP1 were biomarkers with great diagnostic potential.KEGG pathway enrichment analysis indicated that fer-roptosis was a significant pathway that accelerated the myocardial injury in hyperlipidemia combined with restraint stress-induced model.The mmu_circ_0001567/miR-7a/Tfr-1 and mmu_circ_0001042/miR-7a/Tfr-1 might be important circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory networks related to ferroptosis in this model.Conclusion Chronic restraint stress may aggravate myocardial injury in hyperlipidemia mice via ferrop-tosis.Four potential biomarkers are selected for myocardial injury diagnosis,providing a new direction for sudden cardiac death(SCD)caused by hyperlipidemia combined with the restraint stress.

Objective To evaluate the management and indicators of pathogen detection before antimicrobial treat-ment for inpatients in second level and above medical institutions(MIs)in Guangdong Province,and provide direc-tion and decision-making basis for the improvement of pathogen detection quality in the region.Methods The ma-nagement status,information system functions,and pathogen detection rate indicators of secondary and above MIs in 21 cities in Guangdong Province was surveyed through online questionnaire surveys and system submission.A baseline survey on sentinel monitoring MIs was conducted from July 15th to August 8th,2023.From November 7th to 30th,a baseline survey on non-sentinel monitoring MIs was launched.Surveys on indicator information of all MIs were completed from January 15th to 30th,2024.Results A total of 265 MIs were surveyed,and the proportions of establishing special working groups(83.98％),developing special action improvement plans(79.01％),estab-lishing pathogen detection rate management systems(91.71％),and developing management assessment plans(76.80％)of tertiary MIs were all higher than that of secondary MIs,differences were all statistically significant(all P＜0.05).The proportion of tertiary MIs with various information system functions was higher than that of secondary MIs(all P＜0.05).The pathogen detection rate(61.07％)before antimicrobial treatment and health-care-associated infection(HAI)diagnosis-related pathogen detection rate(88.00％)of inpatients in tertiary MIs were both higher than those in secondary MIs(both P＜0.05).Among different types of MIs,pathogen detection rate before antimicrobial treatment of inpatients in maternal and child health MIs was higher than that in other types of MIs.HAI diagnosis-related pathogen detection rate in other specialized hospitals was the highest,and pathogen detection rate before combined use of key antimicrobial treatment in traditional Chinese medicine hospitals was the lowest,differences were all statistically significant(all P＜0.05).Conclusion Tertiary MIs have more advantages in management strategies and information technology construction than secondary MIs,secondary MIs need more guidance and support.Monitoring and analysis of pathogen detection rate indicators in MIs of different levels and types should be strengthened through special actions.

Objective To investigate the incidence rate,clinical characteristics,and prognosis of neonatal stroke in Shenzhen,China.Methods Led by Shenzhen Children's Hospital,the Shenzhen Neonatal Data Collaboration Network organized 21 institutions to collect 36 cases of neonatal stroke from January 2020 to December 2022.The incidence,clinical characteristics,treatment,and prognosis of neonatal stroke in Shenzhen were analyzed.Results The incidence rate of neonatal stroke in 21 hospitals from 2020 to 2022 was 1/15 137,1/6 060,and 1/7 704,respectively.Ischemic stroke accounted for 75％(27/36);boys accounted for 64％(23/36).Among the 36 neonates,31(86％)had disease onset within 3 days after birth,and 19(53％)had convulsion as the initial presentation.Cerebral MRI showed that 22 neonates(61％)had left cerebral infarction and 13(36％)had basal ganglia infarction.Magnetic resonance angiography was performed for 12 neonates,among whom 9(75％)had involvement of the middle cerebral artery.Electroencephalography was performed for 29 neonates,with sharp waves in 21 neonates(72％)and seizures in 10 neonates(34％).Symptomatic/supportive treatment varied across different hospitals.Neonatal Behavioral Neurological Assessment was performed for 12 neonates(33％,12/36),with a mean score of(32±4)points.The prognosis of 27 neonates was followed up to around 12 months of age,with 44％(12/27)of the neonates having a good prognosis.Conclusions Ischemic stroke is the main type of neonatal stroke,often with convulsions as the initial presentation,involvement of the middle cerebral artery,sharp waves on electroencephalography,and a relatively low neurodevelopment score.Symptomatic/supportive treatment is the main treatment method,and some neonates tend to have a poor prognosis.

As artificial intelligence technology rapidly advances, its deployment within the medical sector presents substantial ethical challenges. Consequently, it becomes crucial to create a standardized, transparent, and secure framework for processing medical data. This includes setting the ethical boundaries for medical artificial intelligence and safeguarding both patient rights and data integrity. This consensus governs every facet of medical data handling through artificial intelligence, encompassing data gathering, processing, storage, transmission, utilization, and sharing. Its purpose is to ensure the management of medical data adheres to ethical standards and legal requirements, while safeguarding patient privacy and data security. Concurrently, the principles of compliance with the law, patient privacy respect, patient interest protection, and safety and reliability are underscored. Key issues such as informed consent, data usage, intellectual property protection, conflict of interest, and benefit sharing are examined in depth. The enactment of this expert consensus is intended to foster the profound integration and sustainable advancement of artificial intelligence within the medical domain, while simultaneously ensuring that artificial intelligence adheres strictly to the relevant ethical norms and legal frameworks during the processing of medical data.
Artificial Intelligence/legislation & jurisprudence* ; Humans ; Consensus ; Computer Security/standards* ; Confidentiality/ethics* ; Informed Consent/ethics*