The industry standard Barium Sulfate Anti-Radiation Mortar (JC/T 2676—2022) was officially released on September 30, 2022, and came into effect on April 1, 2023. The promulgation and implementation of this standard play a significant role in improving the product quality of barium sulfate anti-radiation mortar, promoting industry development, and safeguarding the occupational health of workers. To facilitate accurate understanding of the standard clauses and ensure proper implementation of its requirements, this article elaborated on the background, objectives, and significance of the standard development, along with an interpretation of its key clauses.

Early life is a critical window for nervous system development. Antibiotics can cause human exposure through multiple pathways, and exposure during this stage increases the risk of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) in children, which has garnered widespread concern in the academic community. Currently, the characteristics of multi-pathway antibiotic exposure during early life and the empirical evidence linking such exposure to NDDs have yet to be systematically summarized. This review integrated domestic and international literature, summarized the current status of antibiotic exposure, analyzed its epidemiological associations with NDDs, and synthesized findings from animal studies and underlying mechanisms. Existing studies indicate that early life antibiotic exposure increases the probability of adverse outcomes in children, including autistic-like behaviors, anxiety, and mood disorders. Animal experiments further support a causal relationship, demonstrating that antibiotic intervention can disrupt offspring gut microbiota composition, impede central nervous system development, and induce abnormal phenotypes such as social deficits and learning/memory impairment. Dysregulation of the gut-brain axis, direct neurotoxicity of antibiotics, and activation of inflammatory immune responses constitute the core mechanisms underlying neurodevelopmental damage. Future research should advance refined exposure assessments to investigate the differential effects of antibiotic types and treatment durations, distinguish the health impacts of medical versus food/environmental sources, and elucidate the molecular targets and signaling pathways through which gut microbiota metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids and bile acids, regulate neurodevelopment. Furthermore, extended follow-up into adolescence and adulthood is needed to evaluate the long-term neuropsychological outcomes, including depression and cognitive decline. Through interdisciplinary collaborative research, scientific support can be provided for the early identification and intervention of neurodevelopmental impairment risks associated with antibiotic exposure.

The medical ultrasonic nebulizer was introduced in terms of composition,working principle and testing principle and method of the maximum nebulization rate.The testing characteristics of the volumetric and gravimetric methods were compared.A series of experiments were conducted using the whole-unit gravimetric approach.The initial liquid charge was indicated to be the primary factor affecting the maximum nebulization rate,and the influence increased significantly when the nebulizer's nominal volume got expanded.References were provided for medical testing staffs in selecting testing methods.

Objective:To explore the relationship between parenting styles of toddlers aged 30 months and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptom trajectories in preschool children.Methods:The subjects were 2 111 children and their parents in Ma'anshan Birth Cohort. Parenting styles were assessed at 30 months of age using the Brief Toddler Parenting Style Questionnaire, which defines parenting styles on four dimensions: warmth and interaction, attention and acceptance, outdoor and social activities, and neglect and restrictions. The Chinese version of the Conners Abbreviated Symptom Questionnaire was used to examine preschooler's ADHD symptoms aged 3, 5, and 6 years. ADHD symptom trajectories were fitted using group-based trajectory modeling. The multinomial logistic regression model was used to evaluate the relationship between parenting styles at 30 months of age and ADHD symptom trajectories in children. The additive and multiplicative models were applied to analyze the interaction effect of negative parenting styles in children's ADHD symptom trajectories.Results:ADHD symptom trajectories in children included the low-score (48.3%), moderate-score (47.7%), and high-score groups (4.0%). After adjusting for the confounding factors, the results of the multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that negative parenting styles of the father/mother were associated with ADHD symptom trajectories in children ( P<0.05). The father/mother's low warmth and interaction (father: OR=2.07,95% CI:1.68-2.54; mother: OR=2.02,95% CI:1.64-2.48), low attention and acceptance (father: OR=1.94,95% CI:1.57-2.39; mother: OR=1.47,95% CI:1.20-1.81), low outdoor and social (father: OR=1.74,95% CI:1.43-2.13; mother: OR=1.60,95% CI:1.32-1.94), and high neglect and restriction (father: OR=2.09,95% CI:1.67-2.62; mother: OR=2.06,95% CI:1.65-2.56) were associated with ADHD symptom moderate-score trajectories compared to the low-score trajectory group, mother's low warmth and interaction, low outdoor and social, and high neglect and restrictions. Statistically significant association was seen in negative parenting styles of fathers with the high-score group. There was a multiplicative interaction for hostile parenting ( P<0.05). The additive interaction results showed that there was a synergistic effect of hostile parenting, which increased the risk of the high-score trajectories of ADHD symptoms in children. Conclusions:Both parents' parenting styles influenced ADHD symptom change the trajectories in preschoolers. Negative parenting styles of the father/mother increase the risk of the moderate-score and high-score trajectories of ADHD symptoms in children. Hostile parenting by both parents has a synergistic impact on the risk of ADHD symptom trajectories in children, and the simultaneous presence of both increases the risk of the high-score trajectory of ADHD symptoms.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical value of holographic imaging-based digital localization technology in robot-assisted partial nephrectomy（RAPN）for the treatment of completely endophytic renal tumors.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 23 patients with completely endophytic renal tumors who underwent RAPN at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University between December 2022 and December 2024. Patients were divided into two groups based on the use of holographic imaging：the holographic imaging group（16 cases）and the conventional group（7 cases）. There was no statistically significant difference between the holographic imaging group and the conventional group in terms of age［（41.9 ± 13.4）years vs.（46.9 ± 13.4）years］，body mass index［（25.6 ± 4.8）kg/m2 vs.（24.7 ± 3.1）kg/m2］，maximum tumor diameter［（3.1 ± 0.9）cm vs.（3.0 ± 9.0）cm］，tumor volume［（13.2 ± 9.0）cm3 vs.（34.9 ± 9.9）cm3］，R.E.N.A.L. score［（9.4 ± 1.2）points vs.（9.9 ± 0.7）points］，PADUA score［（10.4 ± 0.7）points vs.（9.4 ± 0.7）points］，proportion of T 1a stage patients［12 cases（75.0%）vs. 6 cases（85.7%）］and preoperative serum creatinine［（67.4 ± 9.5）μmol/L vs.（78.0 ± 16.0）μmol/L］. In the holographic group，holographic models were reconstructed based on preoperative enhanced CT or MRI images and used for preoperative planning and intraoperative localization. In the conventional group，surgeons relied on preoperative CT or MRI images for cognitive fusion during RAPN. Perioperative parameters such as warm ischemia time，operative time，tumor localization time，positive surgical margin rate，and renal function were compared between the two groups. Results:The operative time in the holographic group was significantly shorter than that in the conventional group［（152.8 ± 12.9）min vs.（218.4 ± 105.5）min， P = 0.001］. Warm ischemia time［（26.9 ± 3.4）min vs.（30.7 ± 3.8）min， P < 0.001］，localization time［（4.2 ± 0.9）min vs.（8.9 ± 1.7）min， P < 0.001］，and estimated blood loss［（47.0 ± 17.7）ml vs.（128.6 ± 87.8）ml， P < 0.001］were also significantly lower in the holographic group. In the conventional group，one patient underwent radical nephrectomy，while no patient in the holographic imaging group required conversion to radical nephrectomy. No cases of positive surgical margins were identified in either group. Serum creatinine levels measured one month after surgery showed no statistically significant differences between the two groups［（79.5 ± 15.7）μmol /L vs.（104.9 ± 22.5）μmol /L］. Conclusions:The application of holographic imaging-based digital localization technology in RAPN for completely endophytic renal tumors significantly reduces operative time，localization time，warm ischemia time，and intraoperative blood loss. This technology improves surgical efficiency and success rates，offering distinct clinical advantages.

Objective To design a combat rescue specialized physical training simulator to solve the problems of the existing combat rescue physical traing in multifunctionality and simulation vividness.Methods The simulator was divided into three types for stretcher handling,land combat rescue and marine rescue based on the application scenerio and functional positioning,and into three grades of basic level,intensive level and ultra intensive level based on the loaded mass and additional weight object.The main components of the simulator included a manikin,a bionic joint and addtional weight objects.The manikin was made up of outer skin,inner liner and skeleton;the bionic joint was made of stainless steel with surface electrophoresis treatment,and was composed of high-strength medal bearing shafts with multiple disc springs and damping mechanisms;the additional weight objects involued in high-intensity cast iron or lead blocks,which were pre-embedded,mounted or srtapped into the simulator.The simulator was verified with body shape and mass detection,drop test,waterproof test and drag test.Results It's proved the simulator gained advantages in vividness for body shape and mass,bionic joint structure and adaptability to training environments and could be used for graded physical training in typical combat rescue scenerios.Conclusion The simulator developed solves the problems of the combat rescue specialized physical training equipment,and facilitates the enhancement of physical training of combat rescue personnel.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(1):33-37]

AIM:To investigate how the stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1(SCD1)inhibitor CAY-10566 induc-es ferroptosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma(OS-CC)cells and enhances their sensitivity to cisplatin,with preliminary exploration of the underlying mo-lecular mechanisms.METHODS:Bioinformatics analysis and clinical specimens were used to evalu-ate SCD1 expression in OSCC tissues.OSCC cell lines(Cal27 and HSC3)were treated with CAY-10566,cis-platin,the ferroptosis inhibitor Ferrostatin-1(Fer-1),or their combinations.Cell viability was assessed using the CCK-8 assay,while reactive oxygen spe-cies(ROS)and lipid ROS levels were measured by flow cytometry.Malondialdehyde(MDA)and re-duced glutathione(GSH)levels were quantified us-ing commercial assay kits.Western blotting was performed to analyze the protein expression of glu-tathione peroxidase 4(GPX4),mechanistic target of rapamycin(mTOR),mature sterol regulatory ele-ment-binding protein 1(m-SREBP1),SCD1,and heme oxygenase 1(HMOX1).RESULTS:SCD1 was significantly overexpressed in OSCC tissues(P＜0.01).Combined treatment with CAY-10566 and cis-platin markedly reduced OSCC cell viability(P＜0.01)and increased lipid peroxidation(P＜0.001),while suppressing GPX4 expression-effects that were re-versed by Fer-1(P＜0.001).CAY-10566 upregulated HMOX1 expression and inhibited mTOR,m-SREBP1,and SCD1 protein levels(P＜0.001).CONCLUSION:CAY-10566 promotes ferroptosis and cisplatin sensi-tivity in OSCC cells,potentially through HMOX1 up-regulation and suppression of the mTOR/SREBP1/SCD1 axis.

Heatstroke,especially in high-temperature and high-humidity environments,is a life-threatening acute heat-injury disease that seriously endangers human health.Timely and effective on-site treatment is crucial for patients'survival and prognosis.Early recognition,rapid assessment,and on-site cooling are the core of pre-hospital treatment of heatstroke.Currently,there is a lack of standardized application procedures for pre-hospital emergency care of heatstroke.Therefore,the"Expert Consensus on Pre-hospital Emergency Management of Heatstroke(2024 edition)"was initiated by the Expert Group on Heatstroke Prevention of the People's Liberation Army and developed in collaboration with experts from local pre-hospital emergency care,emergency departments,and intensive care units.This consensus focuses on heatstroke prevention,on-site and ambulance-based treatment,and early emergency room interventions,and puts forward 10 evidence-based recommendations,aiming to provide a reference for scientific and standardized pre-hospital emergency care of heatstroke.

Objective:To explore the relationship between parenting styles of toddlers aged 30 months and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptom trajectories in preschool children.Methods:The subjects were 2 111 children and their parents in Ma'anshan Birth Cohort. Parenting styles were assessed at 30 months of age using the Brief Toddler Parenting Style Questionnaire, which defines parenting styles on four dimensions: warmth and interaction, attention and acceptance, outdoor and social activities, and neglect and restrictions. The Chinese version of the Conners Abbreviated Symptom Questionnaire was used to examine preschooler's ADHD symptoms aged 3, 5, and 6 years. ADHD symptom trajectories were fitted using group-based trajectory modeling. The multinomial logistic regression model was used to evaluate the relationship between parenting styles at 30 months of age and ADHD symptom trajectories in children. The additive and multiplicative models were applied to analyze the interaction effect of negative parenting styles in children's ADHD symptom trajectories.Results:ADHD symptom trajectories in children included the low-score (48.3%), moderate-score (47.7%), and high-score groups (4.0%). After adjusting for the confounding factors, the results of the multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that negative parenting styles of the father/mother were associated with ADHD symptom trajectories in children ( P<0.05). The father/mother's low warmth and interaction (father: OR=2.07,95% CI:1.68-2.54; mother: OR=2.02,95% CI:1.64-2.48), low attention and acceptance (father: OR=1.94,95% CI:1.57-2.39; mother: OR=1.47,95% CI:1.20-1.81), low outdoor and social (father: OR=1.74,95% CI:1.43-2.13; mother: OR=1.60,95% CI:1.32-1.94), and high neglect and restriction (father: OR=2.09,95% CI:1.67-2.62; mother: OR=2.06,95% CI:1.65-2.56) were associated with ADHD symptom moderate-score trajectories compared to the low-score trajectory group, mother's low warmth and interaction, low outdoor and social, and high neglect and restrictions. Statistically significant association was seen in negative parenting styles of fathers with the high-score group. There was a multiplicative interaction for hostile parenting ( P<0.05). The additive interaction results showed that there was a synergistic effect of hostile parenting, which increased the risk of the high-score trajectories of ADHD symptoms in children. Conclusions:Both parents' parenting styles influenced ADHD symptom change the trajectories in preschoolers. Negative parenting styles of the father/mother increase the risk of the moderate-score and high-score trajectories of ADHD symptoms in children. Hostile parenting by both parents has a synergistic impact on the risk of ADHD symptom trajectories in children, and the simultaneous presence of both increases the risk of the high-score trajectory of ADHD symptoms.