Objective:To study the relationship between serum adiponectin level and early vascular aging (EVA).Methods:The cross-sectional study method was used. Six hundred and seventy-two subjects who completed health checkup from June to December 2023 in the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University were selected. The subjects were divided into the EVA group (237 cases) and the control group (435 cases) based on brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV). According to the adiponectin tertiles method, the subjects were divided into low adiponectin subgroup (2.4 to 6.6 mg/L, 225 cases), medium adiponectin subgroup (6.7 to 9.1 mg/L, 227 cases) and high adiponectin subgroup (9.2 to 19.8 mg/L, 220 cases). The basic demographic information, past history and serological indexes were recorded. Univariate and multivariate binary Logistic regression analyses were used to analyze the risk factors for EVA, and multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the effect of adiponectin on EVA.Results:The male proportion, age, body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, triglycerides (TG), fasting blood glucose (FBG), uric acid, glycated hemoglobin (HbA 1c), homocysteine, baPWV and alcohol history proportion in EVA group were significantly higher than those in control group: 64.98% (154/237) vs. 53.33% (232/435), 53 (47, 57) years old vs. 46 (39, 52) years old, (26.34 ± 3.37) kg/m 2 vs. (25.16 ± 3.91) kg/m 2, (132.27 ± 15.48) mmHg (1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa) vs. (117.30 ± 13.04) mmHg, (81.79 ± 11.04) mmHg vs. (71.93 ± 10.10) mmHg, 1.45 (1.03, 2.03) mmol/L vs. 1.08 (0.76, 1.65) mmol/L, 5.52 (5.03, 6.21) mmol/L vs. 5.14 (4.77, 5.56) mmol/L, (380.04 ± 96.43) μmol/L vs. (362.18 ± 94.94) μmol/L, 5.80 (5.50, 5.90)% vs. 5.70 (5.40, 5.82)%, 10.70 (9.01, 12.90) μmol/L vs. 9.96 (8.30, 12.20) μmol/L, 1 586 (1 511, 1 719) cm/s vs. 1 299 (1 215, 1 367) cm/s and 19.41% (46/237) vs. 13.56% (59/435), the adiponectin was significantly lower than that in control group: 7.00 (5.70, 8.75) mg/L vs. 8.40 (6.40, 10.60) mg/L, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.01 or <0.05). There were no statistical differences in total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), creatinine and smoking history proportion between two groups ( P>0.05). The male proportion, BMI, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, TG, FBG, uric acid, creatinine, HbA 1c, homocysteine, EVA incidence, baPWV, smoking history proportion and alcohol history proportion in low adiponectin subgroup and medium adiponectin subgroup were significantly higher than those in high adiponectin subgroup, furthermore, the indexes except HbA 1c in low adiponectin subgroup were significantly higher than those in medium adiponectin subgroup, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.05); the HDL-C in low adiponectin subgroup and medium adiponectin subgroup was significantly lower than that in high adiponectin subgroup, furthermore, that in low adiponectin subgroup was significantly lower than that in medium adiponectin subgroup, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.05); there were no statistical differences in age, TC and LDL-C among the three subgroups ( P>0.05). Univariate binary Logistic regression analysis result showed that age, male, BMI, alcohol history, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, TG, FBG, uric acid and HbA 1c were the risk factors for EVA ( P<0.01 or <0.05), while the adiponectin was a protective factor for EVA ( P<0.01). Multivariate binary Logistic regression analysis result showed that age, systolic blood pressure, TG and FBG were risk factors for EVA ( OR = 1.098, 1.066, 1.209 and 1.268; 95% CI 1.069 to 1.127, 1.050 to 1.082, 1.007 to 1.451 and 1.069 to 1.502; P<0.01 or <0.05), while adiponectin was a protective factor ( OR = 0.892, 95% CI 0.828 to 0.962, P<0.01). Multivariable Logistic regression analysis result showed that adiponectin consistently remained a protective factor for EVA across unadjusted, preliminary adjusted and fully adjusted covariate models ( OR = 0.553, 0.580 and 0.576; 95% CI 0.451 to 0.678, 0.440 to 0.764 and 0.435 to 0.763; P<0.01). Conclusions:The serum APN level is negatively correlated with the risk of EVA, which may be an independent protective factor for the EVA.

OBJECTIVE To observe the expression of micro ribonucleic acid-146a(miR-146a)in peripheral blood of the children with hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD)caused by enterovirus 71(EV71)infection and analyze the clinical significance.METHODS A total of 45 children with HFMD induced by non-EV71 infection who were trea-ted in Hangzhou Children's Hospital from Jul.2023 to Jan.2024 were assigned as the HFMD group,meanwhile,15 healthy children who received physical examination were chosen as the healthy group.The baseline clinical data were compared between the two groups.The expression level of miR-146a in peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs)was detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR),the levels of blood routine indexes and relevant biochemical indexes were detected.The association of expression of peripheral blood miR-146a,routine indexes with the HFMD induced by non-EV71 infection was observed.The value of miR-146a in diagnosis of HFMD induced by non-EV71 infection was analyzed by means of receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves.RESULTS The expression level of miR-146a in PBMCs was 0.78(0.69,1.08)in the HFMD group,1.43(1.11,1.62)in the healthy group,and there was significant difference(Z=-3.927,P＜0.001);there were significant difference values in WBC and CRP between the two groups(t=5.188,P＜0.001;Z=-4.986,P＜0.001).Among the children in the HFMD group,the expression level of miR-146a was 0.83(0.70,1.27)in the children with common HFMD,0.73(0.66,0.79)in the children with severe HFMD,and there was significant difference(Z=-2.130,P=0.032).ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve(AUC)of the miR-146a was 0.841 in prediction of HFMD caused by non-EV71 infection.CONCLUSIONS The children with HFMD caused by non-EV71 infection show the remarkable decline of miR-146a in PMMCs.The low expression level of miR-146a may be the predictive factor for risk of HFMD caused by non-EV71 infection and severe HFMD,it has certain predictive value and can be used as blood marker for the children with HFMD.

Objective:To study the relationship between serum adiponectin level and early vascular aging (EVA).Methods:The cross-sectional study method was used. Six hundred and seventy-two subjects who completed health checkup from June to December 2023 in the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University were selected. The subjects were divided into the EVA group (237 cases) and the control group (435 cases) based on brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV). According to the adiponectin tertiles method, the subjects were divided into low adiponectin subgroup (2.4 to 6.6 mg/L, 225 cases), medium adiponectin subgroup (6.7 to 9.1 mg/L, 227 cases) and high adiponectin subgroup (9.2 to 19.8 mg/L, 220 cases). The basic demographic information, past history and serological indexes were recorded. Univariate and multivariate binary Logistic regression analyses were used to analyze the risk factors for EVA, and multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the effect of adiponectin on EVA.Results:The male proportion, age, body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, triglycerides (TG), fasting blood glucose (FBG), uric acid, glycated hemoglobin (HbA 1c), homocysteine, baPWV and alcohol history proportion in EVA group were significantly higher than those in control group: 64.98% (154/237) vs. 53.33% (232/435), 53 (47, 57) years old vs. 46 (39, 52) years old, (26.34 ± 3.37) kg/m 2 vs. (25.16 ± 3.91) kg/m 2, (132.27 ± 15.48) mmHg (1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa) vs. (117.30 ± 13.04) mmHg, (81.79 ± 11.04) mmHg vs. (71.93 ± 10.10) mmHg, 1.45 (1.03, 2.03) mmol/L vs. 1.08 (0.76, 1.65) mmol/L, 5.52 (5.03, 6.21) mmol/L vs. 5.14 (4.77, 5.56) mmol/L, (380.04 ± 96.43) μmol/L vs. (362.18 ± 94.94) μmol/L, 5.80 (5.50, 5.90)% vs. 5.70 (5.40, 5.82)%, 10.70 (9.01, 12.90) μmol/L vs. 9.96 (8.30, 12.20) μmol/L, 1 586 (1 511, 1 719) cm/s vs. 1 299 (1 215, 1 367) cm/s and 19.41% (46/237) vs. 13.56% (59/435), the adiponectin was significantly lower than that in control group: 7.00 (5.70, 8.75) mg/L vs. 8.40 (6.40, 10.60) mg/L, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.01 or <0.05). There were no statistical differences in total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), creatinine and smoking history proportion between two groups ( P>0.05). The male proportion, BMI, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, TG, FBG, uric acid, creatinine, HbA 1c, homocysteine, EVA incidence, baPWV, smoking history proportion and alcohol history proportion in low adiponectin subgroup and medium adiponectin subgroup were significantly higher than those in high adiponectin subgroup, furthermore, the indexes except HbA 1c in low adiponectin subgroup were significantly higher than those in medium adiponectin subgroup, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.05); the HDL-C in low adiponectin subgroup and medium adiponectin subgroup was significantly lower than that in high adiponectin subgroup, furthermore, that in low adiponectin subgroup was significantly lower than that in medium adiponectin subgroup, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.05); there were no statistical differences in age, TC and LDL-C among the three subgroups ( P>0.05). Univariate binary Logistic regression analysis result showed that age, male, BMI, alcohol history, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, TG, FBG, uric acid and HbA 1c were the risk factors for EVA ( P<0.01 or <0.05), while the adiponectin was a protective factor for EVA ( P<0.01). Multivariate binary Logistic regression analysis result showed that age, systolic blood pressure, TG and FBG were risk factors for EVA ( OR = 1.098, 1.066, 1.209 and 1.268; 95% CI 1.069 to 1.127, 1.050 to 1.082, 1.007 to 1.451 and 1.069 to 1.502; P<0.01 or <0.05), while adiponectin was a protective factor ( OR = 0.892, 95% CI 0.828 to 0.962, P<0.01). Multivariable Logistic regression analysis result showed that adiponectin consistently remained a protective factor for EVA across unadjusted, preliminary adjusted and fully adjusted covariate models ( OR = 0.553, 0.580 and 0.576; 95% CI 0.451 to 0.678, 0.440 to 0.764 and 0.435 to 0.763; P<0.01). Conclusions:The serum APN level is negatively correlated with the risk of EVA, which may be an independent protective factor for the EVA.

Objective:To examine the validity and reliability of the DSM-5 Social Anxiety Disorder Severity Scale(SAD-D)in a Chinese adult population.Methods:The Chinese version of the DSM-5 Social Anxiety Disor-der Severity Scale was administered via online data collection platform Credamo to 300 adults(Sample 1,for item analysis,exploratory factor analysis and item selection of brief version of SAD-D)and 528 adults(Sample 2,for confirmatory factor analysis,criterion validity test,measurement invariance analysis and internal consistency reliabil-ity analysis for both SAD-D and its brief version).Criterion validity was tested with the Social Phobia Scale(SPIN)and Personal Report of Confidence as a Speaker(PRCS).A brief version of the scale was developed by u-sing the Ant Colony Optimization(ACO).A retest was conducted with 152 participants from Sample 2 after three weeks.Results:Exploratory factor analysis indicated that the SAD-D was a unidimensional scale with factor load-ings ranging from 0.49 to 0.82,and the results of the confirmatory factor analysis also supported the unidimension-al structure(x2/df=3.49,RMSEA=0.069,CFI=0.971,TLI=0.962,SRMR=0.028).The scores of Chinese version of the SAD-D were positively correlated with the SPIN scores(ICC=0.70,P＜0.001)and PRCS scores(ICC=0.73,P＜0.001).The Cronbach'α of the scale was 0.92,and the retest reliability was 0.85.The scale dem-onstrated cross-gender measurement invariance(△CFI＜0.01,△RMSEA＜0.01).The brief version of the SAD-D was selected as items 2,5,and 6,and its Cronbach'α coefficient was 0.86.Conclusion:The Chinese version of the SAD-D has satisfactoryvalidity andreliability,making it suitable for the assessment of social anxiety symptoms with Chinese adults.

Background: and Purpose Limited evidence exists on the effectiveness of endovascular treatment (EVT) for acute posterior circulation tandem lesion (PCTL). This study aimed to explore the role of extracranial vertebral artery (VA) stenting in patients with PCTL stroke undergoing EVT. Methods: Individual patient data were pooled from the BASILAR (EVT for Acute Basilar Artery Occlusion Study) and PERSIST (Posterior Circulation Ischemic Stroke) registries. Patients with PCTLs who underwent EVT were included in the present cohort and divided into the stenting and nonstenting groups based on the placement of extracranial VA stents. The primary efficacy outcome was the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores at 90 days and 1 year. Safety outcomes included 24-hour symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) and all-cause mortality at 90 days and 1 year post-surgery. Results: A combined dataset of 1,320 patients with posterior circulation artery occlusion, including 263 (19.9%) with tandem lesions, of whom 217 (median age, 65 years; 82.9% male) met the inclusion criteria for the analysis. The stenting group had 84 (38.7%) patients, while the non-stenting group had 133 (61.3%). After adjustment for the potential confounders, extracranial VA stenting was associated with favorable shifts in mRS scores at both 90 days (adjusted common odds ratio [OR], 2.30; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.23–4.28; P<0.01) and 1 year (adjusted OR [aOR], 2.04; 95% CI [1.05–3.97]; P=0.04), along with lower rate of mortality at both 90 days (aOR, 0.45; 95% CI [0.21–0.93]; P=0.01) and 1 year (aOR, 0.36; 95% CI [0.16–0.79]; P=0.01), with no significant difference in sICH incidence (aOR, 0.35; 95% CI [0.06–1.98]; P=0.24). Conclusion Extracranial VA stenting during EVT may improve functional outcomes and reduce mortality in patients with PCTL strokes.

AIM: To evaluate the application value of artificial intelligence-assisted systems in diagnosing diabetic retinopathy(DR)by Meta-analysis.METHODS: PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, CBM, CNKI, WanFang Data and VIP database were searched to collect relevant literature on the diagnostic value of artificial intelligence-assisted systems for DR from January 2019 to September 2024. The QUADAS-2 tool was used to evaluate the quality of the included studies, and Meta-analysis was performed using Stata 17.0 and Meta Disc 1.4 software.RESULTS: A total of 23 studies were included. The results of Meta-analysis showed that the pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, diagnostic odds ratio were 0.92(95% CI: 0.89-0.94), 0.94(95% CI: 0.91-0.96), 15.6(95% CI: 10.6-22.9), 0.09(95% CI: 0.07, 0.12), 174(95% CI: 112-271), respectively, and the area under the ROC curve(AUC)was 0.97(95% CI: 0.96-0.98). Meta-regression and subgroup analyses indicated that the heterogeneity of the studies originated from study type, patient type, patient source, and AI algorithm type. Deeks' funnel plot test suggested no significant publication bias(P=0.15), indicating that the results were robust.CONCLUSION: The artificial intelligence-assisted system demonstrates high diagnostic value for DR, and can be widely implemented in the early screening and diagnosis of DR.

Background: and Purpose Limited evidence exists on the effectiveness of endovascular treatment (EVT) for acute posterior circulation tandem lesion (PCTL). This study aimed to explore the role of extracranial vertebral artery (VA) stenting in patients with PCTL stroke undergoing EVT. Methods: Individual patient data were pooled from the BASILAR (EVT for Acute Basilar Artery Occlusion Study) and PERSIST (Posterior Circulation Ischemic Stroke) registries. Patients with PCTLs who underwent EVT were included in the present cohort and divided into the stenting and nonstenting groups based on the placement of extracranial VA stents. The primary efficacy outcome was the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores at 90 days and 1 year. Safety outcomes included 24-hour symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) and all-cause mortality at 90 days and 1 year post-surgery. Results: A combined dataset of 1,320 patients with posterior circulation artery occlusion, including 263 (19.9%) with tandem lesions, of whom 217 (median age, 65 years; 82.9% male) met the inclusion criteria for the analysis. The stenting group had 84 (38.7%) patients, while the non-stenting group had 133 (61.3%). After adjustment for the potential confounders, extracranial VA stenting was associated with favorable shifts in mRS scores at both 90 days (adjusted common odds ratio [OR], 2.30; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.23–4.28; P<0.01) and 1 year (adjusted OR [aOR], 2.04; 95% CI [1.05–3.97]; P=0.04), along with lower rate of mortality at both 90 days (aOR, 0.45; 95% CI [0.21–0.93]; P=0.01) and 1 year (aOR, 0.36; 95% CI [0.16–0.79]; P=0.01), with no significant difference in sICH incidence (aOR, 0.35; 95% CI [0.06–1.98]; P=0.24). Conclusion Extracranial VA stenting during EVT may improve functional outcomes and reduce mortality in patients with PCTL strokes.

Background: and Purpose Limited evidence exists on the effectiveness of endovascular treatment (EVT) for acute posterior circulation tandem lesion (PCTL). This study aimed to explore the role of extracranial vertebral artery (VA) stenting in patients with PCTL stroke undergoing EVT. Methods: Individual patient data were pooled from the BASILAR (EVT for Acute Basilar Artery Occlusion Study) and PERSIST (Posterior Circulation Ischemic Stroke) registries. Patients with PCTLs who underwent EVT were included in the present cohort and divided into the stenting and nonstenting groups based on the placement of extracranial VA stents. The primary efficacy outcome was the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores at 90 days and 1 year. Safety outcomes included 24-hour symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) and all-cause mortality at 90 days and 1 year post-surgery. Results: A combined dataset of 1,320 patients with posterior circulation artery occlusion, including 263 (19.9%) with tandem lesions, of whom 217 (median age, 65 years; 82.9% male) met the inclusion criteria for the analysis. The stenting group had 84 (38.7%) patients, while the non-stenting group had 133 (61.3%). After adjustment for the potential confounders, extracranial VA stenting was associated with favorable shifts in mRS scores at both 90 days (adjusted common odds ratio [OR], 2.30; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.23–4.28; P<0.01) and 1 year (adjusted OR [aOR], 2.04; 95% CI [1.05–3.97]; P=0.04), along with lower rate of mortality at both 90 days (aOR, 0.45; 95% CI [0.21–0.93]; P=0.01) and 1 year (aOR, 0.36; 95% CI [0.16–0.79]; P=0.01), with no significant difference in sICH incidence (aOR, 0.35; 95% CI [0.06–1.98]; P=0.24). Conclusion Extracranial VA stenting during EVT may improve functional outcomes and reduce mortality in patients with PCTL strokes.

Objective To explore the diagnostic significance of fecal calprotectin(FC)in infectious diarrhea in children.Methods A total of 190 children with infectious diarrhea who were hospitalized in Hangzhou Children's Hospital from August 2021 to July 2024 were selected and divided into bacterial group(115 cases)and viral group(75 cases)according to type of pathogen.48 children who underwent health examination in the hospital during the same period were included in control group.The FC,white blood cell count(WBC),C-reactive protein(CRP),and procalcitonin(PCT)of three groups of children were detected.The diagnostic efficacy of FC,WBC,CRP and PCT for bacterial infectious diarrhea was evaluated by using the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve.Results The proportions of fever and hematochezia,the highest body temperature,frequency of defecation,and fecal white blood cells in bacterial group were significantly higher than those in viral group,while the proportion of vomiting was significantly lower than that in viral group(P＜0.05).There were statistically significant differences in levels of WBC,CRP,PCT and FC among three groups of children(P＜0.05),and the levels were all in the order of bacterial group＞viral group＞control group.The results of ROC curve showed that area under the curve(AUC)of FC for diagnosing bacterial diarrhea was 0.941,with a sensitivity of 87.0％and a specificity of 85.4％.The AUC,sensitivity and specificity of the diagnosis by FC combined with CRP were 0.987,93.0％and 97.9％respectively.Correlation analysis indicated that FC was positively correlated with WBC and CRP levels(r-0.221,0.159,P＜0.05).Conclusion FC is helpful in differentiating bacterial diarrhea from viral diarrhea,and the combined detection of FC and CRP can effectively improve the effectiveness of differential diagnosis and reduce the misdiagnosis rate.

Objective:To explore the clinical efficacy of anterolateral thigh perforator flap (ALTPF) in treatment of extensive wound of Degree IV burns in limbs.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 9 patients who had extensive wound of Degree IV burns in limbs caused by stove burns admitted to Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, the 988th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of the Chinese PLA between January 2017 and January 2024. Among the patients, there were 8 males and 1 female, aged between 36 and 63 years. Three patients had the wound from anterior leg to dorsal foot, 3 from leg down to ankle, 1 from forearm to hand and 2 from arm to forearm. Area of burns ranged from 20 cm × 15 cm to 30 cm × 25 cm, and all patients were treated by free ALTPF. According to whether the main artery at the recipient site was feasible for direct anastomosis with the vessels carried in flap, 4 patients were treated by bilateral parallel ALTPFs, and 5 were treated by unilateral ultra-long internally supercharged ALTPF. A total of 13 ALTPFs were harvested, with individual flap size at 20 cm × 8 cm to 46 cm × 12 cm. Donor sites were directly sutured. Time for flap harvesting, flap survival and wound healing time were records. Scheduled postoperative follow-up was conducted at outpatient clinic and via telephone interviews to evaluate functional recovery. Follow-up assessments included evaluation of flap condition, two-point discrimination (TPD), recovery of joint function at recipient sites, flap appearance and donor site recovery.Results:The time for flap harvest was 1.0 to 4.5 hours. All 13 ALTPFs successfully survived. The time from surgery to healing of recipient sites was 18 to 72 days, and all donor sites healed. Over the postoperative follow-up that lasted for 6 to 34 months, the recipient sites had found with good cosmetic outcomes, without osteomyelitis or deep tissue infection. Four ALTPFs in 2 patients were found swelling, which were revised at 6 months after surgery. Four ALTPFs in other 2 patients had pigment deposition at edges. One ALTPF was scalded, which healed after dressing changes but left with patchy scars. The remaining ALTPFs were soft, elastic, free from pain and well-perfused, with regained protective sensation at S 3. However, all of the ALTPFs failed to detect TPD. Six patients with lower limb injuries were evaluated using the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle hindfoot scoring system: 2 patients were rated as excellent and 4 were rated as good. Three patients with upper limb injuries were evaluated using Evaluation Trial Standards of Upper Limb Partial Functional of Hand Surgery of Chinese Medical Association: 1 patient was rated as excellent and 2 were rated as good. Only linear scars left at the 13 donor sites, with normal blood supply to the distal limbs, and without restrictions in range of motion of knee joints nor muscle strength of quadriceps. Conclusion:The ALTPF offers advantages such as anatomical consistency, reliable blood supply and flexible combination in treatment of extensive wound of Degree Ⅳ burns in limbs. It is an ideal surgical procedure for treatment of large soft tissue defects of extremities.