Objective To construct machine learning models based on preoperative inflammatory and radiological features for the prediction of glioma grading and isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation status, and to analyze application values of these models and identify the optimal predictive models. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the data of pathologically confirmed glioma patients admitted to Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University from March 2019 to March 2023. LASSO regression was used to screen feature variables, and predictive models were constructed based on logistic regression (LR), random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM), gradient boosting decision tree (XGBoost) and K-nearest neighbor (KNN) algorithms. The model performance was comprehensively evaluated using metrics including discrimination ability, area under the precision-recall curve (AUC), accuracy, F1 score and Brier score. The DeLong test was adopted to compare the AUC values among different models; Friedman rank-sum test was used to determine the overall performance differences of the models, with the Nemenyi test applied for multiple comparison correction. Results In the task of glioma grading prediction, the LR model achieved the highest comprehensive score (0.726), and no significant difference was observed between the LR model and the other four models; age was positively correlated with glioma grading (P=0.003). In the task of IDH mutation status prediction, the XGBoost model obtained the highest comprehensive score (0.832), which was superior to the LR (0.762, P=0.035) and KNN models (0.754, P=0.025), while no statistical differences were found between the XGBoost model and the RF or SVM models. Conclusions The LR model for glioma grading prediction and XGBoost model for IDH mutation prediction constructed based on a task-oriented strategy achieve a favorable interpretability while ensuring optimized performance, thereby providing reliable decision support for the individualized diagnosis and treatment of glioma.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence and associated factors of depressive symptoms among junior and senior high school students in Beijing from 2019 to 2023, in order to provide a scientific basis for interventions targeting high risk groups. Methods: From 2019 to 2023, a stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 88 927 junior and senior high school students from 16 districts in Beijing. The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale(CES-D) was conducted to assess depressive symptoms. The Chi square test was used to compare the detection rates of depressive symptoms among different student groups, and the trend Chi square test was employed for trend analysis of detection rates across the years. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was applied to examine the association between the detection of depressive symptoms and related factors among junior and senior high school students. Results: From 2019 to 2023, the prevalence rates of depressive symptoms among junior and senior high school students in Beijing were 20.45%, 18.19%, 16.64%, 17.89% and 18.17%, respectively, with an overall downward trend ( χ 2 trend =27.51, P <0.01). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed that after adjusting for gender, monitoring year, educational stage,family structure,boarding status and has taken a medical leave of absence in the past year unhealthy dietary behaviors ( OR=1.80, 95%CI =1.73-1.87), physical inactivity ( OR=1.24, 95%CI =1.19-1.29), try smoking ( OR=1.46, 95%CI =1.35-1.58), try alcohol( OR=1.96, 95%CI =1.88-2.05), Internet addiction ( OR=3.88, 95%CI =3.57-4.22), and adverse ear related behavior ( OR=1.82, 95%CI =1.71-1.93) were all associated with an increased risk of depressive symptoms among junior and senior high school students (all P <0.05). Conclusions The prevalence depression symptoms among middle school students in Beijing showed a fluctuating downward trend from 2019 to 2023. Targeted interventions should be adopted to reduce the occurrence of depression symptoms among junior and senior high school students.

Objective: To understand the trends of classroom lighting and illumination of primary and secondary schools in Beijing from 2016 to 2023, so as to provide a scientific basis for targeted improvement measures. Methods: A sampling survey was conducted on the lighting and illumination indicators of 8 390 classrooms in primary and secondary schools in Beijing from 2016 to 2023. The survey included classroom daylight factor, window to floor area ratio, average illuminance and illuminance uniformity on the desks, average illuminance and illuminance uniformity on blackboards, as well as classroom lighting and blackboard illumination sources. Intergroup comparisons were performed using the Kruskal-Wallis H test and the Chi square test, and Spearman correlation analysis was used to examine the trend of classroom lighting and illumination changes. Results: Except the window to floor area ratio, the measured values and compliance rates of all lighting and illumination indicators showed an overall upward trend from 2016 to 2023 (daylight factor r = 0.27, χ 2 trend =206.80, average illuminance on the desk surface r =0.30, χ 2 trend =87.97, illuminance uniformity on the desk surface r =0.14, χ 2 trend =73.59, average illuminance on the blackboard r =0.33, χ 2 trend =477.43, illuminance uniformity on the blackboard r = 0.09, χ 2 trend =50.76) (all P ＜0.01). The lighting and illumination indicators of classrooms (included classroom daylight factor, average illuminance and illuminance uniformity on the desks, average illuminance and illuminance uniformity on blackboards) in urban schools, primary schools, and secondary schools from 2016 to 2023 showed an upward trend (urban r =0.23-0.40, χ 2 trend =88.66-392.18; primary school r =0.12-0.36, χ 2 trend =39.50-281.44; secondary schools r =0.06-0.31, χ 2 trend =11.79-213.73) (all P ＜ 0.01 ). The illuminance uniformity on the blackboard in suburban schools showed a downward trend ( r = -0.09, χ 2 trend =31.53, both P ＜0.01). The illuminance uniformity on the desk surface in suburban schools showed no significant change ( r =0.03, χ 2 trend =1.23, both P ＞0.05). The other indicators showed an upward trend (daylight factor r =0.28, χ 2 trend =40.69, average illuminance on the desk surface r =0.24, χ 2 trend =16.35, average illuminance on the blackboard r =0.25, χ 2 trend =118.05, all P ＜0.01). The trends of classroom and blackboard illumination sources were that fluorescent lamps decreased year by year and LED lamps increased by year (classroom illumination sources χ 2 trend =1 059.82, blackboard illumination sources χ 2 trend =1 070.25, both P ＜0.01). Conclusions The classroom lighting and illumination in primary and secondary schools in Beijing has shown an overall improving trend from 2016 to 2023. However, problems remain, such as limited improvement of illuminance uniformity indicators, late start and poor effect of reconstruction in suburban schools. Further improvements are still needed.

Chronic liver diseases are a group of diseases in which the liver is subjected to a variety of injuries over a long period of time， resulting in irreversible pathological changes that last longer than 6 months. Emodin （EMO） is a natural anthraquinone derivative derived from Rheum officinale， and its pharmacological effect has been extensively studied， exhibiting a variety of biological properties and involving multiple signaling molecules and pathways. Western medicine or surgical treatment is currently the main treatment regimen for chronic liver diseases， and the advance in treatment is limited by various reasons such as side effects and high costs. Due to its natural origin and efficacy， EMO has unique advantages in the treatment of chronic liver diseases and has now become a research hotspot. This article summarizes the therapeutic effect of EMO on chronic liver diseases and its mechanism， in order to provide a certain scientific basis for the traditional Chinese medicine treatment of chronic liver diseases and the development of drugs in clinical practice.

Objective To explore the efficacy and safety of oral solution of magnesium sodium potassium sulfate in bowel preparation before colonoscopy. Methods Patients who planned to undergo colonoscopy at the digestive department of the Ninth People’s Hospital, affiliated to School of Medicine of Shanghai Jiao Tong University from January 2023 to August 2023 were selected and eligible subjects were divided into two groups: Group A took polyethylene glycol （PEG） and Group B took oral solution of magnesium sodium potassium sulfate （OSS）. The quality, drug tolerance, and safety of intestinal preparation were evaluated. The quality of bowel preparation was evaluated by the boston bowel preparation scale （BBPS）. Results The right colon BBPS score of Group B was (2.39±0.82) points, which was significantly higher than of Group A (2.11±0.43) points （P<0.05）. The overall score of Group B was higher than that of Group A （P<0.05）. OSS was easier to take than PEG, with a good taste and overall sensation. Patients were willing to use OSS to clean their bowels even when they were willing to undergo another examination （P<0.05）. There was a significant difference in nausea and vomiting symptoms between the two groups （P<0.05）, and there were no significant changes in renal function and electrolytes before and after medication in the two groups of patients. Conclusion OSS had a higher quality of bowel cleaning and was easier for patients to accept.

ObjectiveTo investigate the molecular mechanisms by which Wenyang Jiedu granules （WYJD） alleviate influenza A virus （IAV）-induced pneumonia based on single-cell transcriptome sequencing. MethodsThirty female BALB/c mice were randomly divided into a blank control group （Control）， IAV group， and WYJD low-， medium-， and high-dose groups （WYJD-L， WYJD-M， WYJD-H； 2.925， 5.85， 11.7 g·kg^-1， n=6）. Except for the Control group， all other groups were intranasally inoculated with IAV subtype H1N1 （A/PR/8/34） to establish an infection model. Two hours after modeling， drug administration was initiated and continued for 5 consecutive days， with daily monitoring of body weight and general condition. On day 6， mice were sacrificed and samples were collected. Lung index was calculated， and histopathological examination of lung tissue was performed. Lung tissues from the Control， IAV， and WYJD-H groups were subjected to single-cell transcriptome sequencing （n=3）， focusing on type I alveolar epithelial cells （AT1） to analyze changes in gene expression and signaling pathways. Western blot was used to detect the expression changes of relevant proteins to validate the single-cell sequencing results. ResultsCompared with the Control group， the IAV group exhibited significantly decreased body weight （P<0.05） and significantly increased lung index （P<0.05）. Compared with the IAV group， all WYJD-treated groups exhibited significantly increased body weight （P<0.01） and significantly decreased lung index （P<0.01）. Single-cell sequencing analysis revealed that WYJD inhibited overactivation of interferon and inflammatory signaling pathways in AT1 cells after IAV infection， including interferon-γ response， interferon-α response， tumor necrosis factor-α/nuclear factor-κB （TNF-α/NF-κB）， and interleukin-6/Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 （IL-6/JAK/STAT3） pathways. Compared with the Control group， the number of AT1 cells in the IAV group showed a decreasing trend. Compared with the IAV group， the WYJD-H group showed an increasing trend， although neither difference was statistically significant. Further analysis of AT1 cell subpopulation gene expression showed that， compared with the Control group， the IAV group exhibited increased expression of pro-apoptotic genes FAS cell surface death receptor （FAS） and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A （CDKN1A）， a significant increase in tumor protein p53 （Tp53） expression （P<0.05）， and significant decreases in expression of the AT1 marker gene advanced glycosylation end-product-specific receptor （AGER） and membrane structural gene caveolin1 （CAV1） （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with the IAV group， the WYJD-H group showed significantly decreased expression of FAS， CDKN1A， and Tp53 （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and significantly increased expression of AGER and CAV1 （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Regarding interferon response-related genes， compared with the Control group， the IAV group showed increased expression of interferon-stimulated gene 15 （ISG15）， interferon-induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 3 （IFIT3）， signal transducer and activator of transcription 2 （STAT2）， bone marrow stromal cell antigen 2 （BST2）， and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 （CXCL10）， with a significant increase in 2′，5′-oligoadenylate synthetase-like protein 1 （OASL1） （P<0.05）. Compared with the IAV group， the WYJD-H group showed significantly decreased expression of all the above genes， with highly significant differences for ISG15， IFIT3， STAT2， BST2， and OASL1 （P<0.01）， and a significant difference for CXCL10 （P<0.05）. Among inflammation-related genes， compared with the Control group， the IAV group showed significantly increased expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 （ICAM1）， tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced protein 3 （TNFAIP3）， keratin 8 （KRT8）， tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1A （TNFRSF1A）， and TNFRSF1B （P<0.01）， and increased expression of NFKBIA， a negative regulator of NF-κB （P<0.05）. Compared with the IAV group， the WYJD-H group showed significantly decreased expression of KRT8 and TNFRSF1B （P<0.05）， while ICAM1， NFKBIA， TNFAIP3， and TNFRSF1A showed decreasing trends without statistical significance. Western blot validation showed that， compared with the Control group， protein expression levels of ISG15， FAS， p53， and phosphorylated p65 （p-p65） in lung tissue of the IAV group were significantly increased （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with the IAV group， the WYJD-H group showed significantly decreased expression of these proteins （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionWYJD may alleviate viral pneumonia by targeting gene expression in AT1 cells， inhibiting overactivated interferon and inflammatory signaling pathways after IAV infection， and downregulating pro-apoptotic signaling， thereby reducing alveolar epithelial injury.

Work serves as a critical means of obtaining resources, facilitating personal growth, realizing self-worth, and engaging in social interactions. However, work-related diseases pose significant threats to workers’ health and productivity, and impose considerable economic burdens. This article categorized work-related diseases into six major types, including musculoskeletal disorders, mental and behavioral disorders, cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, digestive system diseases, reproductive system diseases, and non-specific respiratory diseases, and summarized their risk factors, assessment methods, policy regulation, and prevention and control measures. Current research in this field predominantly relies on cross-sectional studies, which present limitations in causal inference and potential risks of bias. Future studies should expand sample sizes, optimize research designs, and establish multidimensional evaluation systems to comprehensively assess the health and economic impacts of work-related diseases. It is recommended to enhance the translation of research findings into practice, thereby providing a scientific basis for the occupational health protection system and promoting the well-being and sustainable development of the working population.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze a Chinese pedigree affected with Non-syndromic autosomal recessive deafness type 12 (NFNB12), validate the function of candidate variants, and explore the underlying mechanisms. METHODS: A NFNB12 pedigree presented at Henan Provincial People's Hospital in February 2023 was selected as the study subject. Whole exome sequencing (WES) was carried out, and candidate variant was verified by Sanger sequencing of the pedigree members. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to determine the level of mRNA transcription in the peripheral blood samples from the pedigree members, and protein expression was evaluated with Western blotting assay. This study was approved by Medical Ethics Committee of Henan Provincial People's Hospital (Ethics No.: 2019-134). RESULTS: WES analysis revealed that the proband has harbored homozygous c.6688delG (p.Ala2230Profs*4) variant of the CDH23 gene, for which both parents were identified as heterozygous carriers. RT-PCR analysis demonstrated the sole presence of the variant mRNA in the proband, and both the variant and wild-type mRNAs in both parents. Furthermore, Western blotting analysis indicated that the proband had exclusively expressed the truncated CDH23 protein, while both the normal and truncated forms of the protein were noted in her parents. CONCLUSION The c.6688delG (p.Ala2230Profs*4) variant of the CDH23 gene probably underlay the pathogenesis of NFNB12 in this pedigree. The loss of function of the CDH23 gene resulting from this variant is not related with nonsense-mediated mRNA decay, but rather production of a truncated protein. Above finding has not only enriched the mutational spectrum of the CDH23 gene and offered a method for investigating the function of its variants using peripheral blood samples, but also delineated the molecular basis for the loss of function, which has provided crucial evidence for genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis for this family.
Humans ; Pedigree ; Male ; Female ; Asian People/genetics* ; Cadherins/genetics* ; Exome Sequencing ; Deafness/genetics* ; Mutation ; China ; Adult ; Cadherin Related Proteins ; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/genetics* ; East Asian People

Objective:To compare the differences of three-dimensional computed tomography(3DCT),four-dimensional computed tomography(4DCT),and multi-parametric magnetic resonance(MR)sequences of the radiotherapy for liver cancer in delineation for target area,and analyze which MR sequence was more accurate in assisting CT image to delineate the target area,and design respectively reverse intensity modulated radiotherapy plan,and compare the dosimetric parameters of the target areas of receiving radiotherapy and normal liver tissue.Methods:This retrospective study was conducted to analyze radiotherapy data from case data of 18 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)who admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University between August 2023 and June 2024.These data included 10 respiratory phases in 3DCT and 4DCT,and free-breathing sequence(MR-FB),diaphragm navigation sequence(MR-NAVI),and breath-hold(MR-BH)sequence of multi-parametric MRI,and the gross tumor volumes(GTVs)of them were delineated,which were respectively 5 modal images and liver contours included GTV3D,GTV4D,GTVMR-FB,GTVMR-NAVI,and GTVMR-BH.Pinnacle3 9.8 treatment plan system(TPS)was applied to conduct registration and fusion for image by using mutual information method.The 3DCT(GTV3D)was used as reference image to compare the volume of target area,and the displacement of mass center with other 4 kinds of images.The volume difference(VD),overlap ratio(OR),Dice similarity coefficient(DSC),and Jaccard index(JAC)were used to assess the differences among different target area.The indicators of plan evaluation included conformity index(CI),homogeneity index(HI),GTV doses(D2%,D98%,Dmean),and the exposure dose of normal tissue of liver.Results:In images of five modalities,the GTV median volumes were respectively 28.83,33.10,26.75,25.05,and 22.65 cm3.In images of five modalities,the median volume of liver were respectively 1293.46,1483.09,1213.81,1195.69,and 1141.02 cm3.Compared with other 3 target areas,the displacement of GTVMR-BH was the smallest on head-foot direction,with statistically significant differences among them(Z=-2.305,-2.307,-2.134,P<0.05).The OR,DSC,and JAC values of GTV4D were significantly better than these of GTVMR-FB,GTVMR-NAVI,and GTVMR-BH(ZOR=-2.911,-3.006,-3.195,ZDSC=-2.726,-2.215,-2.556,ZJAC=-2.556,-2.704,-2.953,P<0.05).The VD value of GTVMR-FB was better than that of GTV4D,GTVMR-NAVI,and GTVMR-BH,with statistically significant(Z=-2.675,-2.817,-2.580,P<0.05).Additionally,the OR,DSC,and JAC values of GTVMR-FB and GTVMR-NAVI were better than those of GTVMR-BH,with statistically significant(ZOR=-2.859,-2.817,ZDSC=-2.184,-2.783,ZJAC=-2.385,-2.783,P<0.05).All five plans met clinical dose requirements.Friedman test showed there was no statistically significant differences in dosimetric parameters of target area among different plans(P>0.05).However,compared to the PTV3D plan,the PTVMR-FB,PTVMR-NAVI,and PTVMR-BH plans resulted in lower levels in mean dose(Dmean)of liver and volume parameters(V5,V10,V20,V30)of various doses,with statistically significant differences(Dmean:Z=-2.433,-2.307,-2.807,ZV5=-2.512,-2.433,-2.652,ZV10=-2.433,-2.536,-2.968,ZV20=-2.536,-2.652,-2.807,ZV30=-2.611,-2.652,-2.968,P<0.05).Conclusion:In actually clinical application,MR-NAVI and 4DCT also can be adopted to assist 3DCT to delineate target area besides MR-FB sequence that is conventionally used in MR location,thus can enhance precision of delineation,and optimize radiotherapy plan,and decrease exposure dose of normal liver tissue.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.