This study investigated the potential pathogenicity and genetic characteristics of ST314 Salmonella Kentucky(S.Ken-tucky)isolates from a broiler slaughterhouse.Antimicrobial susceptibility testing and whole-genome sequencing(WGS)were used to determine antimicrobial resistance,virulence factors,and the presence of antimicrobial resistance genes(ARGs)and mobile genetic elements(MGEs)among the isolates.The three multidrug resistant(MDR)isolates exhibited high resistance to multiple antimicrobial agents.The F4-2S strain exhibited resistance to 14 drugs across seven categories,whereas the F4T strain showed resistance to 13 drugs in the same number of categories.In contrast,the Y23 strain was resistant to nine drugs in six categories.Notably,F4-2S dem-onstrated high homology with F4T:both possessed 13 ARGs distributed across nine categories,in addition to a wide range of virulence factors,including secretion systems and effector proteins.The presence of IncR and IncX1 plasmids significantly enhanced both the antimicrobial resistance and pathogenicity of the isolates.The genome map of Y23 revealed a chromosome alongside two plasmids.The chromosome containedonly one resistance gene but several virulence factors,including the type III secretion system(T3SS),which is crucial for bacterial invasion.The plasmid pY23-1 contained eight types of 19 ARGs.Comparative analysis indicated that pY23-1 ex-hibited high homology with pZ1323SSL0055 and pSAL-045,all of which contained multiple ARGs,thus suggesting critical roles of these genes in the evolution of bacterial resistance.In conclusion,ST314 S.Kentucky demonstrated a complex mechanism of resis-tance coupled with significant pathogenic potential.The ARGs and MGEs in the plasmid contributed to the emergence and dissemina-tion of antimicrobial resistance.The multiple virulence factors present in the chromosome may be key factors driving the increasing virulence of ST314 S.Kentucky.

To investigate the anti-atherosclerotic effects of dietary hesperidin and naringin on ather-osclerosis in rabbits.Twenty-four adult healthy male New Zealand Large White rabbits were ran-domly assigned to four groups based on one factor:control(Con),model(Mod),hesperidin(HP),and naringenin(NG),each containing six rabbits and housed in solitary cages.During the experi-mental period,the control group received normal feed;the model group was fed high-fat for 30 d to establish the atherosclerosis,(AS)model and continued to be fed high-fat feed;the hesperidin and naringenin groups were fed high-fat for 30 d and then underwent AS modeling,and at a later stage,150 mg of hesperidin(or naringenin)was added to the diets at a rate of 1.5 mg per kg of di-et,respectively,for 30 d.Relative body quality,blood lipids,oxidation,and inflammatory factor lev-els were all assessed.At the end of the test period,the test rabbits were sacrificed to obtain the common carotid artery for histopathological section HE staining,Oil red O staining,and Sirius red staining in order to observe vascular tissue structure,lipid and inflammatory cell infiltration,and e-lastic plate and elastic fiber damage.The results indicated that the relative body quality of the mod-el,HP and NG groups increased rapidly,and the difference with the control group within the same period was highly significant(P＜0.01);The HP and NG interventions significantly decreased to-tal cholesterol(TC)and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)levels(P＜0.01),while also leading to a significant increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)levels(P＜0.01);MDA levels exhibited a significant decrease(P＜0.01),while SOD levels showed a notable in-crease(P＜0.01)following the HP and NG interventions;After HP and NG interventions,TNF-α and IL-1 were regressed(P＜0.01)and IL-10 was significantly elevated(P＜0.01);Compared with the control group,the model group showed approximately 41.8 and 2.5 fold thickening of the maximal endo-medial membrane,respectively,and the HP and NG interventions showed approxi-mately 13 and 15 fold thickening of the maximal endo-medial membrane,and both of the maximal medial membranes thickened by approximately 1.4 fold;Staining of pathological sections showed that HP and NG intervened to significantly reduce inflammatory cell infiltration,deposition of lipid components,slight thickening of the endothelium,and intact fibroblastic components.The results showed that the addition of HP and NG to diets could regulate blood lipids and exert anti-inflam-matory and antioxidant effects by inhibiting the expression of inflammatory factors and oxidizing factors,showing significant anti-AS effects,and the two effects were comparable.

This study investigated the potential pathogenicity and genetic characteristics of ST314 Salmonella Kentucky(S.Ken-tucky)isolates from a broiler slaughterhouse.Antimicrobial susceptibility testing and whole-genome sequencing(WGS)were used to determine antimicrobial resistance,virulence factors,and the presence of antimicrobial resistance genes(ARGs)and mobile genetic elements(MGEs)among the isolates.The three multidrug resistant(MDR)isolates exhibited high resistance to multiple antimicrobial agents.The F4-2S strain exhibited resistance to 14 drugs across seven categories,whereas the F4T strain showed resistance to 13 drugs in the same number of categories.In contrast,the Y23 strain was resistant to nine drugs in six categories.Notably,F4-2S dem-onstrated high homology with F4T:both possessed 13 ARGs distributed across nine categories,in addition to a wide range of virulence factors,including secretion systems and effector proteins.The presence of IncR and IncX1 plasmids significantly enhanced both the antimicrobial resistance and pathogenicity of the isolates.The genome map of Y23 revealed a chromosome alongside two plasmids.The chromosome containedonly one resistance gene but several virulence factors,including the type III secretion system(T3SS),which is crucial for bacterial invasion.The plasmid pY23-1 contained eight types of 19 ARGs.Comparative analysis indicated that pY23-1 ex-hibited high homology with pZ1323SSL0055 and pSAL-045,all of which contained multiple ARGs,thus suggesting critical roles of these genes in the evolution of bacterial resistance.In conclusion,ST314 S.Kentucky demonstrated a complex mechanism of resis-tance coupled with significant pathogenic potential.The ARGs and MGEs in the plasmid contributed to the emergence and dissemina-tion of antimicrobial resistance.The multiple virulence factors present in the chromosome may be key factors driving the increasing virulence of ST314 S.Kentucky.

To investigate the anti-atherosclerotic effects of dietary hesperidin and naringin on ather-osclerosis in rabbits.Twenty-four adult healthy male New Zealand Large White rabbits were ran-domly assigned to four groups based on one factor:control(Con),model(Mod),hesperidin(HP),and naringenin(NG),each containing six rabbits and housed in solitary cages.During the experi-mental period,the control group received normal feed;the model group was fed high-fat for 30 d to establish the atherosclerosis,(AS)model and continued to be fed high-fat feed;the hesperidin and naringenin groups were fed high-fat for 30 d and then underwent AS modeling,and at a later stage,150 mg of hesperidin(or naringenin)was added to the diets at a rate of 1.5 mg per kg of di-et,respectively,for 30 d.Relative body quality,blood lipids,oxidation,and inflammatory factor lev-els were all assessed.At the end of the test period,the test rabbits were sacrificed to obtain the common carotid artery for histopathological section HE staining,Oil red O staining,and Sirius red staining in order to observe vascular tissue structure,lipid and inflammatory cell infiltration,and e-lastic plate and elastic fiber damage.The results indicated that the relative body quality of the mod-el,HP and NG groups increased rapidly,and the difference with the control group within the same period was highly significant(P＜0.01);The HP and NG interventions significantly decreased to-tal cholesterol(TC)and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)levels(P＜0.01),while also leading to a significant increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)levels(P＜0.01);MDA levels exhibited a significant decrease(P＜0.01),while SOD levels showed a notable in-crease(P＜0.01)following the HP and NG interventions;After HP and NG interventions,TNF-α and IL-1 were regressed(P＜0.01)and IL-10 was significantly elevated(P＜0.01);Compared with the control group,the model group showed approximately 41.8 and 2.5 fold thickening of the maximal endo-medial membrane,respectively,and the HP and NG interventions showed approxi-mately 13 and 15 fold thickening of the maximal endo-medial membrane,and both of the maximal medial membranes thickened by approximately 1.4 fold;Staining of pathological sections showed that HP and NG intervened to significantly reduce inflammatory cell infiltration,deposition of lipid components,slight thickening of the endothelium,and intact fibroblastic components.The results showed that the addition of HP and NG to diets could regulate blood lipids and exert anti-inflam-matory and antioxidant effects by inhibiting the expression of inflammatory factors and oxidizing factors,showing significant anti-AS effects,and the two effects were comparable.

The pathological mechanisms and related physiological indicators of acute mountain sickness(AMS)were introduced,and the present situation of wearable devices applied in AMS auxiliary detection and diagnosis were reviewed.The challenges and future development directions of wearable devices applied in auxiliary detection and diagnosis were pointed out.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(9):100-107]

The pathological mechanisms and related physiological indicators of acute mountain sickness(AMS)were introduced,and the present situation of wearable devices applied in AMS auxiliary detection and diagnosis were reviewed.The challenges and future development directions of wearable devices applied in auxiliary detection and diagnosis were pointed out.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(9):100-107]

Objective To investigate the screening results and factors affecting abnormal detection rates among high-risk groups of esophageal cancer and to explore effective intervention measures. Methods We investigated and collected the information on gender, education level, age, marital status, symptoms of reflux esophagitis (heartburn, acid reflux, belching, hiccup, foreign body sensation in the pharynx, and difficulty swallowing), consumption of pickled vegetables, salt use, and esophageal cancer incidence of villagers in a natural village in Wenfeng District, Anyang City, Henan Province. Changes in reflux esophagitis symptoms in the high-incidence area of esophageal cancer before and after 16 years were observed, and the relationship of such changes with esophageal cancer was analyzed. Results In 2008, 711 cases were epidemiologically investigated, including 213 cases with one of the symptoms of reflux esophagitis such as heartburn, acid reflux, belching, hiccups, foreign body sensation in the pharynx, and difficulty swallowing (sorted in accordance with the abovementioned symptoms; if there are multiple symptoms, then the former is taken); 55 cases with at least two related symptoms, among which the most symptom was heartburn in 108 cases (15.1%); followed by acid reflux, belching, etc. In 2024, the same group of people was investigated, and eight people were missing because of relocation. A total of 703 people were successfully investigated, of which 189 cases (26.8%) had one of the symptoms of reflux esophagitis, such as heartburn (sorted in accordance with relevant symptoms, if there are multiple symptoms, then the former will be selected); 167 cases (23.7%) had at least two related symptoms, among which the most symptom was heartburn in 139 cases (19.7%); followed by acid reflux. Over 16 years, among the 703 people investigated, 45 cases had esophageal cancer and they had one or more of the abovementioned symptoms. No significant differences in the reflux esophagitis-like symptoms were found between 2008 and 2024 (P=0.26); no significant differences in the composition of reflux esophagitis-like symptoms were found between 2008 and 2024 (P=0.299). Conclusion The detection rate of reflux esophagitis-related symptoms in the population in a high-risk area of esophageal cancer has not decreased in the past 16 years, and the high-risk factors still exist. Esophageal cancer is closely related to reflux esophagitis, and clinical practice can provide early diagnosis and treatment for high-risk population.

Objective To investigate the relationship between tooth loss and the occurrence of esophageal cancer in a natural village in Wenfeng District, Anyang City, Henan Province. Methods A prospective cohort study was conducted to observe the occurrence of tooth loss and esophageal cancer among the asymptomatic residents of the natural village for 16 years from January 2008 to July 2024. Data were analyzed by chi-square test, binary logistic regression, and restricted cubic spline. Results Among the total population of 711 cases, 136 cases were lost to follow-up and 575 cases were included in the final statistics, including 45 cases with esophageal cancer. Significant statistical difference was found between esophageal cancer patients with and without tooth loss (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that tooth loss was associated with the occurrence of esophageal cancer (OR=3.977, 95%CI: 1.543-10.255). After the adjustment for confounders, tooth loss remained significantly associated with the occurrence of esophageal cancer (OR=3.038, 95%CI: 1.035-8.914). A nonlinear dose-response relationship was observed between the number of teeth lost and the incidence of esophageal cancer. When the number of teeth lost was less than 12, the risk of esophageal cancer increased with the number of teeth lost. When more than 12 teeth were lost, the risk of esophageal cancer decreased as the number of teeth lost increased. Conclusion Tooth loss is a risk factor for the occurrence of esophageal cancer in this natural village. When the number of teeth lost is less than 12, the risk of esophageal cancer increases with the number of teeth lost.

The clinical phenotype heterogeneity of epilepsy patients with ADGRV1 gene mutation is significant, ranging from self limiting febrile seizures to developmental epileptic encephalopathy, even causing sudden epileptic death. A case of infantile epileptic spasms syndrome with a novel heterozygous variant of the ADGRV1 gene c.4100C>A (p.Thr1367Lys) was reported in this article. The site of this variant had not been reported yet, and the clinical manifestations of the child mainly included epileptic spasms (first onset at 4 months old), mild growth and development delay, highly irregular video electroencephalogram, and effective treatment with adrenocorticotropic hormone.

ObjectiveUltra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight tandem mass spectrometry （UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS） coupled with network pharmacology and molecular docking was utilized to explore the efficacy and mechanism of action of Ermiao Situ decoction on rats with damp-heat eczema. MethodsA rat model of damp-heat eczema was established by artificial climate chamber intervention combined with sensitization induction by dinitrochlorobenzene （DNCB）， and it was randomly divided into the normal group， the model group， the medium- and high-dose groups of Ermiao Situ decoction （3.40 g·kg^-1 and 6.80 g·kg^-1）， and the prednisone acetate group （2.51 mg·kg^-1）， with eight rats in each group， totalling 46 rats， of which six rats were tested with the drug-containing serum. The chemical analysis of drug-containing serum from rats was carried out by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS， combined with network pharmacology for the prediction of key components， core targets， and signaling pathways， and molecular docking experiments were performed by CB-Dock2 online website. The pharmacological effects of Ermiao Situ decoction in the treatment of damp-heat eczema were investigated by epitaxial indexes combined with the pathologic tissue staining method. The serum levels of gastrin （GAS）， interleukin-4 （IL-4）， and interleukin-13 （IL-13） were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. Interleukin-6 （IL-6）， Janus kinase 1 （JAK1）， phosphorylated （p）-JAK1， signal transduction and activation of transcription factor 3 （STAT3）， and p-STAT3 protein expression level was determined by Western bolt. ResultsA total of 19 active ingredients were detected in drug-containing serum samples of rats， which were predicted to act on 198 targets for the treatment of damp-heat eczema， among which the key ingredients included rhodopsin， huangpai alkaloids， and quercetin， and the main core targets included STAT3， tumor necrosis factor （TNF）， and IL-6， which were mainly involved in the cancer signaling pathway， phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase （PI3K）/protein kinase （Akt） signaling pathway， T helper 17 （Th17） cell differentiation signaling pathway， and JAK/STAT signaling pathway. The molecular docking results suggested that the key components had strong binding activities with the core targets IL-6， JAK1， and STAT3 in the JAK/STAT signaling pathway. The results of animal experiments showed that compared with those in the normal group， rats in the model group were depressed. They had loose hair， loose stools， epidermal oozing， vesiculation， and generation of thick scabs in the form of scales， decreased body weight， increased anus temperature and water intake， and increased indexes of the spleen， thymus gland， and stomach （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and the lesion tissue could be seen to be hyperkeratotic， with the aggregation of inflammatory cells and nonsignificant separation of epidermis and dermis. The gastric mucosa was thinned， deficient， and structurally disorganized， and obvious inflammatory cell aggregation was seen. The levels of GAS， IL-4， and IL-13 in serum were significantly reduced （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and the protein expression levels of IL-6， JAK1， p-JAK1， and p-STAT3 in the lesion tissue were significantly increased （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with those in the model group， rats in each administration group had stable mental states， formed feces， a clean perianal area， and basically normal epidermis. Only a small amount of scaly scabs existed， and the rats had body weight increased， with decreased anal temperature and water intake， as well as decreased spleen， thymus， and gastric indexes （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Epidermal thickness was decreased， and epidermal and dermal separation boundaries were obvious， but hyperkeratotic and accumulation of inflammatory cells could still be seen. The thickness of gastric mucosa increased， and the structure was restored to varying degrees. The levels of GAS， IL-4， and IL-13 content in the serum of rats were increased to varying degrees， and the protein expression levels of IL-6， JAK1， p-JAK1， and p-STAT3 in the dermal lesion tissue were significantly decreased （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionErmiao Situ decoction may exert therapeutic effects on rats with damp-heat eczema by modulating the JAK/STAT signaling pathway.