Lung cancer is one of the most common and deadliest cancers globally, with its incidence and mortality rates rising each year. Therefore, finding new, safe, and effective alternative therapies poses a significant research challenge in this field. Programmed cell death refers to the process by which cells actively self-destruct in response to specific stimuli, regulated by genetic mechanisms. Modern research indicates that dysregulation of programmed cell death is widespread in the occurrence and progression of lung cancer, allowing cancer cells to evade death while continuing to proliferate and metastasize. Thus, inducing the death of lung cancer cells can be considered a novel therapeutic strategy for treating the disease. In recent years, research on traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) in the field of oncology has gained widespread attention, becoming a focal point. An increasing number of studies have demonstrated that TCM can inhibit the progression of lung cancer and exert anti-cancer effects by inducing apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, autophagy, and ferroptosis. This paper provided a comprehensive review of the molecular mechanisms of programmed cell death in lung cancer, along with the potential mechanisms and research advancements related to the regulation of these processes by TCM, so as to establish a theoretical foundation and direction for future basic and clinical research on lung cancer.
Humans ; Lung Neoplasms/pathology* ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; Apoptosis/drug effects* ; Animals ; Autophagy/drug effects*

Objective To observe the improvement of motor dysfunction and serum levels of C-reactive protein(CRP),blood glucose and blood lipid in post-stroke patients treated with scalp acupuncture at different needle retention time.Methods A total of 120 patients with motor dysfunction after stroke were randomly divided into control group,observation group 1 and observation group 2,with 40 cases in each group.The patients in the 3 groups were treated with scalp acupuncture,body acupuncture and routine rehabilitation exercise,once a day and 6 times a week,lasting for 2 weeks.The control group was given scalp acupuncture with retaining of needles for 30 minutes,the observation group 1 was given scalp acupuncture with retaining of needles for one hour,and the observation group 2 was given scalp acupuncture with retaining of needles for 2 hours.Before and after treatment,the 3 groups were observed in the changes of the scale scores of National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS),Fugl-Meyer Assessment(FM A),Berg Balance Scale(BBS)and modified Barthel Index(MBI),and the levels of laboratory indicators of peripheral blood CRP,fasting plasma glucose(FPG),total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C).After treatment,the clinical safety of the three groups was evaluated.Results(1)After treatment,the scale scores of NIHSS in the three groups were lower(P＜0.01)and the scale scores FMA,BBS and MBI were higher than those before treatment(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).The comparison of post-treatment scale scores showed that the differences among the three groups were statistically significant(P＜0.01).The intergroup comparison showed that the decrease of NIHSS score and the increase of FMA,BBS and MBI scores in the observation group 2 were significantly superior to those in the control group and the observation group 1(P＜0.01);the improvement of FMA score in the observation group 1 was significantly superior to that in the control group(P＜0.01),while the improvement of NIHSS,BBS and MBI scores tended to be superior to that in the control group without statistically significant differences(P＞0.05).The results indicated that the curative effect of scalp acupuncture plus exercise regimen was positively correlated with the duration of needle retention for scalp acupuncture.(2)After treatment,the laboratory indicator levels of CRP and FPG in the peripheral blood of the three groups,the levels of TG and LDL-C in the two observation groups and the level of HDL-C in the observation group 2 were improved compared with those before treatment(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Statistically significant differences were presented in the post-treatment levels of CRP and TG in peripheral blood among the three groups(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).The intergroup comparison showed that the improvement of CRP and TG levels in the observation group 2 was significantly superior to that in the control group,and the improvement of CRP level in the observation group 2 was significantly superior to that in the observation group 1,the differences being statistically significant(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).The TC level in the three groups after treatment did not differ from that before treatment,and there was no significant difference in TC level after treatment among the three groups either(P＞0.05).(3)During the treatment,no adverse reactions such as fainting,needle breaking and hematoma occurred in the three groups,the vital signs of the patients were stable,and there were no obvious abnormal changes in pulse,blood pressure and respiratory rate.Conclusion Scalp acupuncture can effectively improve the motor function of post-stroke patients in a pasitive time-effect relationship with the needle retention,and better the curative effect can be achieved by retaining of the needle for 2 h.

Ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS) was used to rapidly identify the chemical components in Dracocephalum moldavica, and UPLC was employed to determine the content of its main components. MS analysis was performed using an electrospray ionization(ESI) source and data were collected in the negative ion mode. By comparing the retention time and mass spectra of reference compounds, and using a self-built compound database and the PubChem database, 68 compounds were identified from D. moldavica, including 36 flavonoids, 22 phenylpropanoids, 4 phenols, and 6 other compounds. On this basis, a UPLC quantitative method was established to simultaneously determine 8 main components, i.e., luteolin-7-O-glucuronide, apigenin-7-O-glucuronide, rosmarinic acid, diosmetin-7-O-glucuronide, tilianin, acacetin-7-O-glucuronide, acacetin-7-O-(6″-O-malonyl)-glucoside, and acacetin. A Waters ACQUITY BEH C_(18) column(2.1 mm × 100 mm, 1.7 μm) was used, with acetonitrile and a water solution containing 0.1% formic acid and 0.1% phosphoric acid as the mobile phase for gradient elution. The detection wavelength was set at 330 nm, with a flow rate of 0.4 mL·min~(-1), and the column temperature was maintained at 35 ℃. The 8 components demonstrated good linearity(r≥0.999 9) over a wide mass concentration range(50 or 100 times). The average recovery rate ranged from 97.5% to 105.1%, and the relative standard deviations(RSDs) were 0.90% to 3.4%(n= 6), indicating that the method was simple, accurate, and reliable. In 17 batches of D. moldavica samples, the content of these 8 components ranged from 0.405 to 2.10, 0.063 to 0.342, 0.446 to 2.43, 0.415 to 1.47, 1.57 to 4.34, 0.173 to 0.386, 1.00 to 5.40, and 0.069 to 0.207 mg·g~(-1), respectively. These results indicate significant differences in the internal quality of the samples, highlighting the need for strict quality control to ensure their pharmacodynamic efficacy. This study provides a scientific basis for the rapid discovery of pharmacodynamic substances, comprehensive quality control, and the formulation or revision of quality standards for D. moldavica.
Tandem Mass Spectrometry/methods* ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry* ; Lamiaceae/chemistry* ; Flavonoids/chemistry*

Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) are abnormally expressed in a variety of tumors and participate in the occurrence and development of tumors. However, the expression and function of many LncRNAs in tumors have not been fully clarified. In this paper, 113 normal breast tissues and 1 109breast cancer tissues were analyzed in TCGT database. LncRNA AL133467. 1 was found to be lowly expressed in breast cancer tissues and negatively correlated with poor prognosis of breast cancer patients. The expression of AL133467. 1 in breast cancer cells was significantly lower than that in normal breast epithelial cells. We overexpressed AL133467. 1 in relatively low-expression breast cancer cells SKBR3and BT474, and cell count and plate colony-formation experiments showed that overexpression ofAL133467. 1 could significantly inhibit the proliferation and colony formation of breast cancer cells (P< 0. 01). Cell scratch and Transwell assays showed that the migration and invasion ability of breast cancer cells overexpressing AL133467. 1 was significantly reduced compared with the control group (P<0. 01). MiRDB database showed that AL133467. 1 had binding sites with miR-661. miR-661 could bind the transducer of ErbB2, 2 (ErbB2, 2, TOB2). qRT-PCR showed that miR-661 was highly expressed inbreast cancer cells and positively correlated with poor prognosis of breast cancer patients (P < 0. 001). Luciferase reporter assays showed that AL133467. 1 had specific binding to miR-661 (P < 0. 01). AL133467. 1 overexpression could inhibit the expression of miR-661 in breast cancer cells (P<0. 0001). Transfection of miR-661 mimics eliminated the inhibitory effect of overexpression of AL133467. 1 on breast cancer cells (P < 0. 001). In addition, qRT-PCR and Western blotting results showed that overexpression of AL133467. 1 up-regulated TOB2 mRNA (P < 0. 0001) and protein levels. But whenmiR-661 mimics were transfected, TOB2 mRNA (P < 0. 0001) and protein levels were significantly inhibited. In conclusion, as a competitive endogenous RNA of miR-661. AL133467. 1 promotes the expression of TOB2, thereby inhibiting the proliferation and invasion of breast cancer cells.

This study aims to study the chemical components from the gum resin of Boswellia carterii. Five cembranoid diterpenes were isolated from the gum resin of B. carterii by various of column chromatographies including silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, and semi-preparative HPLC. Their structures were identified on the basis of physicochemical properties, mass spectrometry(MS), nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR), Ultraviolet(UV) and infrared(IR) spectroscopic data. These compounds were identified as(1S,2E,4R,5S,7E,11E)-4-methoxy-5-hydroxycembrane(1),(1R~*,4R~*,5E,8E,12E,15E)-4-hydroxycembra-5,8,12,15-tetraene(2), cembrene A(3),(3S,4S,7R)-4-hydroxycembrane(4), and pavidolide D(5). Compound 1 was a new compound. Compounds 2, 4, and 5 were obtained from the gum resin of B. carterii for the first time. Compound 2 showed weak inhibition on the human liver cancer cell line HepG2.
Boswellia ; Cell Line ; Diterpenes ; Humans ; Molecular Structure ; Resins, Plant

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of Zhi Shen Tiao Sui (regulating the mind and marrow) needling in treating depression after ischemic stroke. Methods: A total of 145 patients with depression after ischemic stroke were recruited between January 2016 and January 2018 and divided into two groups using random number table method, with 72 cases in the control group and 73 cases in the observation group. The control group received conventional treatment for ischemic stroke and medication, while the observation group was given additional Zhi Shen Tiao Sui acupuncture. The two groups were treated for 4 successive weeks. Clinical efficacy was analyzed after treatment. The neurological function pertinent scores [Hamilton depression scale (HAMD), clinical neurological deficit score (CNDS), activities of daily living (ADL), Fugl-Meyer assessment scale (FMA) and Barthel index (BI) scores], as well as the levels of cortisol (CORT) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) were recorded in the two groups. Adverse reactions that occurred during treatment were also observed. Results: The clinical total effective rate was 82.2％ in the observation group, significantly higher than 66.7％ in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the HAMD and CNDS scores were markedly reduced in both groups (all P<0.05), and the ADL, FMA and BI scores were markedly increased (all P<0.05). The HAMD and CNDS scores were significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group after treatment (both P<0.05), and the ADL, FMA and BI scores were significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group (all P<0.05). The levels of CORT and ACTH declined significantly after treatment in the two groups (all P<0.05), and were markedly lower in the observation group than in the control group (both P<0.05). The adverse reaction rate was 2.7％ in the observation group, versus 4.2％ in the control group, and the between-group difference was statistically insignificant (P>0.05). Conclusion: Compared with sole use of Western medication, medication combined with Zhi Shen Tiao Sui acupuncture can promote the recovery of neurological function, down-regulate the levels of CORT and ACTH and enhance the clinical efficacy in treating patients with depression after ischemic stroke, with a relatively high safety rating.

Animals ; Diethylnitrosamine/toxicity* ; Liver ; Liver Neoplasms/chemically induced* ; Rats

Five cadinane-type sesquiterpenoids were isolated from the n-hexane extract of Commiphora myrrha by using various chromatographic techniques, including silica gel, ODS and semi-preparative HPLC. Their structures were identified by physicochemical properties and spectroscopic data. These compounds were defined as (3S,4R)-3,9-dimethoxymyrrhone (1), 9-methoxymyrrhone (2), myrrhone (3), commiterpene B (4) and comosone Ⅱ (5). Compound 1 is a new compound, of which the absolute configuration was established by single crystal X-ray crystallographic analysis. Compound 5 is firstly isolated from the Commiphora genus.

Objective: To investigate the strong expression (S+) of P53 and BCL2 proteins in MYC/BCL2 double-expression DLBCL (DEL) and whether they can be used for the prognostic evaluation and stratified diagnosis of DELs. Methods: Tissue microarray were made by filed FFPE blocks of 174 DLBCL cases. The translocation of MYC, BCL2 and BCL6 genes were detected by FISH, and the proteins were detected by IHC. Data of clinicopathologic features and follow up of patients were collected and OS (overall survival) and PFS (progression free survival) were analyzed by statistics. Results: Eight double-hit lymphomas (DHLs) were identified in all cases, and 45 DELs were selected from 166 remaining cases, which have no significant difference in OS and PFS compared with non-DEL cases (P=0.668 and P=0.790) . Of 42 DEL-cases with follow up data, 24 cases with P53+ or/and BCL2 (S+) are significantly shorter OS and PFS than others (P=0.003 and P=0.000) , in which the cases with P53+/BCL2 (S+) co-expression were the worst prognosis, and P53/BCL2 co-weaker positive DEL cases even have superior OS and PFS than those non-DELs. Although statistics showed that the cases of P53+ or/and BCL2 (S+) have a lower OS and PFS in total cases (P=0.063 and P=0.024) , it is not the case when the DEL-cases take out from total cases, that is the cases with P53+ or/and BCL2 (S+) are as similar OS and PFS as others in non-DEL group (P=0.590 and P=0.550) . Conclusion: The strong expression of P53 and BCL2 proteins can be used as indicators of stratified diagnosis and poor prognosis of DEL.
Humans ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/genetics* ; Prognosis ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/genetics* ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc/genetics* ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/genetics*

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperthyroidism ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Iodine Radioisotopes ; pharmacokinetics ; therapeutic use ; urine ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Models, Biological ; Radiation Dosage ; Radiation Monitoring ; Radiopharmaceuticals ; pharmacokinetics ; therapeutic use ; urine ; Radiotherapy Dosage ; Young Adult