OBJECTIVES: To investigate the changes in blood levels of calcium and bone metabolism biochemical markers in patients with primary osteoporosis receiving treatment with denosumab. METHODS: Seventy-three patients with primary osteoporosis treated in our Department between December, 2021 and December 2023 were enrolled. All the patients were treated with calcium supplements, vitamin D and calcitriol in addition to regular denosumab treatment every 6 months. Blood calcium, parathyroid hormone (PTH), osteocalcin (OC), type I procollagen amino-terminal propeptide (PINP), and type I collagen carboxy-terminal telopeptide β special sequence (β‑CTX) data before and at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after the first treatment were collected from each patient. RESULTS: Three months after the first denosumab treatment, the bone turnover markers (BTMs) OC, PINP, and β-CTX were significantly decreased compared to their baseline levels by 39.5% (P<0.001), 56.2% (P<0.001), and 81.8% (P<0.001), respectively. At 6, 9, and 12 months of treatment, OC, PINP, and β-CTX remained significantly lower than their baseline levels (P<0.001). Blood calcium level was decreased (P<0.05) and PTH level increased (P<0.05) significantly in these patients at months of denosumab treatment, but their levels were comparable to the baseline levels at 6, 9, and 12 months of the treatment (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS Denosumab can suppress BTMs and has a good therapeutic effect in patients with primary osteoporosis, but reduction of blood calcium and elevation of PTH levels can occur during the first 3 months in spite of calcium supplementation. Blood calcium and PTH levels can recover the baseline levels as the treatment extended, suggesting the importance of monitoring blood calcium and PTH levels during denosumab treatment.
Humans ; Denosumab/therapeutic use* ; Calcium/blood* ; Parathyroid Hormone/blood* ; Biomarkers/blood* ; Osteoporosis/blood* ; Osteocalcin/blood* ; Procollagen/blood* ; Female ; Collagen Type I/blood* ; Peptide Fragments/blood* ; Bone Density Conservation Agents/therapeutic use* ; Bone and Bones/metabolism* ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Vitamin D ; Peptides/blood* ; Aged

Objective:To investigate the sero-conversion rate of HIV antibody and influencing factors in cross-border couples in Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture(Dehong).Methods:A cohort design was used to recruit HIV-negative people in cross-border couples in Dehong in 2017. Follow-up was conducted in 2023, and questionnaire survey and HIV test were carried out to calculate the sero-conversion rate of HIV antibody. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to analyze the influence factors for HIV infections.Results:A total of 36 278 HIV-negative persons in cross-border couples were included in the 2017 baseline survey, of whom 22 438 (61.9%) were tested in follow-up in 2023. The sero-conversion rate between 2017 and 2023 was 0.51% (115/22 438). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that length of marriage <6 years, Jingpo ethnic group, education level of primary school or below, drug use, illegal marriage and HIV infected spouse were the risk factors of HIV infection in male spouses, and length of marriage <6 years, Jingpo ethnic group, illegal marriage and HIV infected spouse were the risk factors in female spouses.Conclusions:The sero-conversion rate of HIV antibody in cross-border couples in Dehong was relatively high. HIV infection was mainly caused by secondary transmission in the couples, and men might also be infected through drug use. It is necessary to strengthen the registration and management of cross-border couples, especially the couples with discordant HIV infection status, and the intervention in drug users to reduce the risk for secondary transmission of HIV in the cross-border couples.

BACKGROUND:Rev-erbα is involved in the regulation of inflammation,but pharmacological activation of Rev-erbα increases the risk for cardiovascular diseases.To reduce the relevant risk,an exploration on SR9009,a Rev-erbα agonist,combined with other drugs to relieve inflammation in skeletal myoblasts was conducted,laying the theoretical foundation for the treatment of inflammation-associated skeletal muscle atrophy. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the relationship of SR9009,indolepropionic acid and nuclear factor-κB signaling pathways in lipopolysaccharide-induced C2C12 myoblasts. METHODS:(1)C2C12 myoblasts were induced to differentiate in the presence of lipopolysaccharide(1 μg/mL).RNA-seq and KEGG pathway analysis were used to study signaling pathways.(2)C2C12 myoblast viability was assessed using the cell counting kit-8 assay to determine optimal concentrations of indolepropionic acid.Subsequently,cells were categorized into control group,lipopolysaccharide(1 μg/mL)group,SR9009(10 μmol/L)+lipopolysaccharide group,indolepropionic acid(80μmol/L)+lipopolysaccharide group,and SR9009+indolepropionic acid+lipopolysaccharide group.ELISA was employed to measure protein expression levels of interleukin-6 in the cultured supernatant.Real-time quantitative PCR were employed to measure mRNA expression levels of interleukin-6,tumor necrosis factor α,TLR4 and CD14.Western blot assay were employed to measure protein expression levels of NF-κB p65 and p-NF-κB p65.(3)After Rev-erbα was knocked down by siRNA,knockdown efficiency was assessed by RT-qPCR.And mRNA levels of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor α were also measured. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the blank control group,lipopolysaccharide time-dependently inhibited myofibroblast fusion to form myotubes,the mRNA expression levels of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor α were elevated,and the level of interleukin-6 in the cell supernatant was significantly increased.The results of KEGG pathway showed that the nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway was activated by lipopolysaccharide.Indolepropionic acid exhibited significant suppression of C2C12 myoblasts viability when its concentration exceeded 80 μmol/L.Indolepropionic acid and SR9009 inhibited the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway,thereby played an anti-inflammatory role,and suppressed the mRNA expression levels of interleukin-6,tumor necrosis factor α,TLR4 and CD14.Compared with the lipopolysaccharide group,the ratio of p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65 protein expression were downregulated.SR9009 combined with indolepropionic acid notably reduced lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation,further downregulated the mRNA expression levels of interleukin-6,tumor necrosis factor α,TLR4 and CD14.The ratio of p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65 protein expression was significantly lower than that in the SR9009+lipopolysaccharide group or indolepropionic acid+lipopolysaccharide group.Rev-erbα increases time-dependently with lipopolysaccharide induction.The knockdown efficiency of Rev-erbα by siRNA reached over 58%,and lipopolysaccharide was added after Rev-erbα was successfully knocked down.Compared with the lipopolysaccharide group,the mRNA expression levels of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor α were significantly up-regulated.These results conclude that Rev-erbα may act as a promising pharmacological target to reduce inflammation.SR9009 targeted activation of Rev-erbα combined with indolepropionic acid significantly inhibits the nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway and attenuates the inflammatory response of C2C12 myofibroblasts.Moreover,the combined anti-inflammatory effect is superior to that of the intervention alone.

Objective To investigate the correlations of CALLY index in early pregnancy with the onset and severity of preeclampsia.Methods A total of 987 pregnant women were prospectively en-rolled as study subjects,with 42 lost during follow-up,resulting in a final inclusion of 945 subjects.Based on the occurrence and severity of preeclampsia during follow-up,the pregnant women were di-vided into preeclampsia group(n=47),severe preeclampsia group(n=49),and normal group(n=849).General information and laboratory test results were collected from all pregnant women,and the CALLY index was calculated.The Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation be-tween CALLY index and severity of preeclampsia(mean arterial pressure);the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was plotted to analyze the predictive efficacy of each indicator for pre-eclampsia;Cox regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors for the onset of preeclamp-sia.Results The mean arterial pressure and 24-hour urine protein levels were higher in the severe pre-eclampsia group than those in the preeclampsia group and normal group,and higher in the preeclampsia group than those in the normal group(P＜0.05).The CALLY index was lower in the severe preeclamp-sia group than in the preeclampsia group and normal group,and lower in the preeclampsia group than in the normal group(P＜0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed a negative correlation between CALLY index and mean arterial pressure(r=-0.571,P＜0.001).The ROC curve showed that the area under the curve(AUC)of CALLY index for predicting preeclampsia was 0.941(95％CI,0.900 to 0.981).Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that an increased CALLY index was an independent protective factor for the onset of preeclampsia(HR=0.185,95％CI,0.092 to 0.374,P＜0.001).Conclusion The CALLY index is negatively correlated with the severity of preeclampsia and is an independent influencing factor for the onset of preeclampsia,which can be used as an auxiliary indicator to assess the onset and severity of preeclampsia in pregnant women.

Objective To analyze the differences in oral hygiene and oral microbiota between the patients with schizophrenia and healthy individuals in Baoshan City.Methods 26 patients with schizophrenia from Baoshan Third People's Hospital were selected as the SCZ group and 26 healthy individuals matched by age and BMI as the HC(Healthy control)group.Demographic data,physical indicators,and oral conditions were collected.Saliva samples from 52 subjects were collected and 16S rDNA gene sequencing was used to compare the differences in oral hygiene and oral microbiota between the patients with schizophrenia and the healthy individuals.Results The difference in oral microbial community richness between the SCZ group and the HC group was statistically significant(P<0.05),with the SCZ group containing higher species than the HC group;at the genus level,except for Fusobacterium in the SCZ group and Actinomyces in the HC group,the top 5 dominant bacterial species in both groups were consistent;the results of species difference analysis showed that Fusobacterium and Campylobacter in the SCZ group were higher than those in the HC group(P<0.05).Conclusion The partial dominant bacterial species in the oral cavity of the patients with schizophrenia have changed to sulfate-reducing bacteria that produce hydrogen sulfide.Excessive production of hydrogen sulfide or polysulfide may damage the energy metabolism of mitochondria.

Objective To systematically analyze the characteristics of functioning and vocational competency of college students with disabilities and explore effective career development pathways and methods.Methods This study systematically examined the functional characteristics and occupational competency structure of college students with disabilities,and proposed pathways to enhance their career development,using Internation-al Classification of Functioning,Disability and Health(ICF),rehabilitation competency framework(RCF),and achievement motivation theory.Results The study analyzed the functional performance of college students with disabilities across dimensions such as body functions and structures,activities and participation,and environmental factors,as well as their impact on occupational activities,using the Core Sets for Vocational Rehabilitation and the WHO Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0(WHODAS 2.0).The study outlined the occupational competency framework for these students and proposed three synergistic pathways to enhance their career development,including empowerment,functional compensation,and inclusive environmental support,based on RCF and achievement motivation theory.Early in-tervention,professional career services and multi-stakeholder collaboration mechanisms were recommended to provide lifelong,personalized career counseling,guidance and support based on precise occupational needs and competency assessments.Conclusion The career development of college students with disabilities is influenced by multiple factors,including indi-vidual functional status,occupational competency and environmental conditions.Implementing strategies such as empowerment,functional compensation,and inclusive environmental support could safeguard their right to em-ployment in an inclusive workplace,effectively improving their employment quality and sustainable career devel-opment capabilities.

Background and purpose:Salivary duct carcinoma(SDC)is a group of rare and highly heterogeneous diseases.It predominantly arises in the parotid glands of middle-aged and elderly males,with high rates of recurrence and metastasis,as well as a poor prognosis.Currently,there is a lack of clinical data on SDC.This study aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics of SDC patients and explore high-risk factors affecting prognosis,so as to provide clinical references for physicians.Methods:Clinical data of patients with primary SDC who were admitted to Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital and Tianjin Stomatological Hospital Affiliated to Nankai University School of Medicine from 2012 to 2024,were collected retrospectively.Inclusion criteria:① patients diagnosed with primary SDC;② availability of American Joint Committee on Cancer(AJCC)staging data.Exclusion criteria:① concurrent other malignant tumors;② incomplete or missing medical records;③ death due to non-SDC causes;④ duplicate cases from the two participating hospitals.Data retrieved encompassed epidemiological information(gender,age)and clinical details(time of diagnosis,tumor characteristics,treatment regimen,recurrence and metastasis status,and pathological data).Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method,and factors related to prognosis were explored through univariate COX proportional hazards regression model analysis.This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Tianjin Stomatological Hospital Affiliated to Nankai University School of Medicine(ethics number:PH2023-B-016),and patient informed consent was waived.Results:A total of 87 patients with primary SDC were included in this study,among whom 77%were male,69%had primary lesions in the parotid gland,29.9%in the submandibular gland,and one patient had a primary lesion in the minor salivary gland of the nasal cavity.49.3%of the patients had concurrent cervical lymph node metastasis.The median overall survival(OS)of the entire group was 31.2 months,the median progression-free survival(PFS)was 20.3 months,and the 5-year OS rate was 52.6%.The 5-year OS rate for tumors originating from the parotid gland was 60%,which was better than the 32.9%for those originating from the submandibular gland.Among the 85 patients who received surgical treatment,65.9%underwent both resection of the primary tumor and neck dissection.Postoperative radiotherapy was administered to 49 patients.During the follow-up period,46%of the patients developed recurrence or metastasis,with lung and bone metastases being the most common.The median OS and local progression-free time in the postoperative radiotherapy group were significantly longer compared with those in the group without radiotherapy,however,the difference was not statistically significant.Conclusion:SDC is a malignant and aggressive disease that predominantly occurs in the parotid glands of middle-aged and elderly males,with a high rate of lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis.Clinically,it is recommended that patients with SDC undergo radical resection of the primary lesion and cervical lymph node dissection,combined with postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy.Targeted therapy and immunotherapy are worthy of further exploration.

Objective:To investigate the sero-conversion rate of HIV antibody and influencing factors in cross-border couples in Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture(Dehong).Methods:A cohort design was used to recruit HIV-negative people in cross-border couples in Dehong in 2017. Follow-up was conducted in 2023, and questionnaire survey and HIV test were carried out to calculate the sero-conversion rate of HIV antibody. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to analyze the influence factors for HIV infections.Results:A total of 36 278 HIV-negative persons in cross-border couples were included in the 2017 baseline survey, of whom 22 438 (61.9%) were tested in follow-up in 2023. The sero-conversion rate between 2017 and 2023 was 0.51% (115/22 438). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that length of marriage <6 years, Jingpo ethnic group, education level of primary school or below, drug use, illegal marriage and HIV infected spouse were the risk factors of HIV infection in male spouses, and length of marriage <6 years, Jingpo ethnic group, illegal marriage and HIV infected spouse were the risk factors in female spouses.Conclusions:The sero-conversion rate of HIV antibody in cross-border couples in Dehong was relatively high. HIV infection was mainly caused by secondary transmission in the couples, and men might also be infected through drug use. It is necessary to strengthen the registration and management of cross-border couples, especially the couples with discordant HIV infection status, and the intervention in drug users to reduce the risk for secondary transmission of HIV in the cross-border couples.

Objective To systematically analyze the characteristics of functioning and vocational competency of college students with disabilities and explore effective career development pathways and methods.Methods This study systematically examined the functional characteristics and occupational competency structure of college students with disabilities,and proposed pathways to enhance their career development,using Internation-al Classification of Functioning,Disability and Health(ICF),rehabilitation competency framework(RCF),and achievement motivation theory.Results The study analyzed the functional performance of college students with disabilities across dimensions such as body functions and structures,activities and participation,and environmental factors,as well as their impact on occupational activities,using the Core Sets for Vocational Rehabilitation and the WHO Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0(WHODAS 2.0).The study outlined the occupational competency framework for these students and proposed three synergistic pathways to enhance their career development,including empowerment,functional compensation,and inclusive environmental support,based on RCF and achievement motivation theory.Early in-tervention,professional career services and multi-stakeholder collaboration mechanisms were recommended to provide lifelong,personalized career counseling,guidance and support based on precise occupational needs and competency assessments.Conclusion The career development of college students with disabilities is influenced by multiple factors,including indi-vidual functional status,occupational competency and environmental conditions.Implementing strategies such as empowerment,functional compensation,and inclusive environmental support could safeguard their right to em-ployment in an inclusive workplace,effectively improving their employment quality and sustainable career devel-opment capabilities.

Background and purpose:Salivary duct carcinoma(SDC)is a group of rare and highly heterogeneous diseases.It predominantly arises in the parotid glands of middle-aged and elderly males,with high rates of recurrence and metastasis,as well as a poor prognosis.Currently,there is a lack of clinical data on SDC.This study aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics of SDC patients and explore high-risk factors affecting prognosis,so as to provide clinical references for physicians.Methods:Clinical data of patients with primary SDC who were admitted to Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital and Tianjin Stomatological Hospital Affiliated to Nankai University School of Medicine from 2012 to 2024,were collected retrospectively.Inclusion criteria:① patients diagnosed with primary SDC;② availability of American Joint Committee on Cancer(AJCC)staging data.Exclusion criteria:① concurrent other malignant tumors;② incomplete or missing medical records;③ death due to non-SDC causes;④ duplicate cases from the two participating hospitals.Data retrieved encompassed epidemiological information(gender,age)and clinical details(time of diagnosis,tumor characteristics,treatment regimen,recurrence and metastasis status,and pathological data).Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method,and factors related to prognosis were explored through univariate COX proportional hazards regression model analysis.This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Tianjin Stomatological Hospital Affiliated to Nankai University School of Medicine(ethics number:PH2023-B-016),and patient informed consent was waived.Results:A total of 87 patients with primary SDC were included in this study,among whom 77%were male,69%had primary lesions in the parotid gland,29.9%in the submandibular gland,and one patient had a primary lesion in the minor salivary gland of the nasal cavity.49.3%of the patients had concurrent cervical lymph node metastasis.The median overall survival(OS)of the entire group was 31.2 months,the median progression-free survival(PFS)was 20.3 months,and the 5-year OS rate was 52.6%.The 5-year OS rate for tumors originating from the parotid gland was 60%,which was better than the 32.9%for those originating from the submandibular gland.Among the 85 patients who received surgical treatment,65.9%underwent both resection of the primary tumor and neck dissection.Postoperative radiotherapy was administered to 49 patients.During the follow-up period,46%of the patients developed recurrence or metastasis,with lung and bone metastases being the most common.The median OS and local progression-free time in the postoperative radiotherapy group were significantly longer compared with those in the group without radiotherapy,however,the difference was not statistically significant.Conclusion:SDC is a malignant and aggressive disease that predominantly occurs in the parotid glands of middle-aged and elderly males,with a high rate of lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis.Clinically,it is recommended that patients with SDC undergo radical resection of the primary lesion and cervical lymph node dissection,combined with postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy.Targeted therapy and immunotherapy are worthy of further exploration.