Objective To collect and analyze outpatient prescription data for exogenous cough treatment from a hospital in Shenzhen,and to identify the characteristics and medication patterns of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).Methods This study collected prescriptions from a hospital in Shenzhen for exogenous cough treatment in January 2024.R language for data mining were used to analyze the medication frequency,clustering patterns,and association rules in the treatment of exogenous cough by TCM and to explore the medication patterns and the usage of classic formulas in TCM for this condition.Results A total of 451 outpatient prescriptions for exogenous cough were include,the top ten most frequently used herbs were Licorice,Bitter almond,Bellflower,Ephedra,Tangerine peel,Stemonae radix,Tuckahoe,Pinellia ternata,Nepeta,Bulb of thunberg fritillary.Cluster analysis and association rules revealed that San'ao decoction,Kikyodon soup,and Zhisou powder were commonly prescribed,targeting lung function,dispersing wind,and resolving phlegm to effectively alleviate cough symptoms.Significant differences in medication usage were observed across different syndrome types.For the wind cold attacking lung pattern,the core herbs were warm in nature and focused on dispersing with acrid-warm properties.Conversely,the treatment of wind heat attacking the lung pattern typically involved cold-natured herbs,with a primary focus on clearing and draining lung heat.Stratification by age revealed that the pediatric group often used drugs with mild properties,such as Stemona and Shegan.The young adult group tended to be prescribed cold-natured drugs like Forsythia and Hogfonnel Root.The middle-aged and elderly group preferred warming and tonifying drugs such as Japanese Catnip and Perilla frutescens.Conclusion The TCM treatment of exogenous cough primarily focuses on releasing the exterior and dispersing the lung.Due to the region's subtropical monsoon climate and temperature fluctuations physicians flexibly modified classical formulas such as San'ao decoction and Zhisou powder according to individual constitutions and symptom patterns.This targeted,syndrome-based approach effectively disperses the lung qi,stops cough and transforms phlegm,and alleviates cough.

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of structured report(SR)for CT scans in laryngeal cancer.Methods Accord-ing to the American Joint Committee on Cancer(AJCC)8th edition TN staging,the SR template of CT suitable for initial diagnosis and staging of laryngeal cancer was constructed.It included 5 tumor-related points,4 lymph node-related points,and T and N staging.The differences in the occurrence rate of 11 key points and the accuracy of T and N staging between SR and narrative report(NR)were evaluated and compared.The readability,completeness and overall impression of SR were investigated among radiologists and otolaryngologists with different seniority.Results Finally,208 SR samples and 246 NR samples were included.Except for N0 stage,there were no statistical differences in age,sex ratio,laryngeal cancer classification,or T stage between SR and NR(P＞0.05).The occurrence rate of tumor size,extranodal extension(ENE),and T and N staging in early laryngeal cancer(T1-T2 stage)SR was higher than that in NR(P＜0.05).The occurrence rate of invasion of intra-and extra-pharyngeal vital structures,tumor size,enhancement degree,ENE,invasion of extranodal soft tissue,and T and N staging was higher in SR than that in NR in advanced laryngeal cancer(T3-T4 stage)(P＜0.05).There was no statistical difference in the accuracy of T and N staging between SR and NR(P＞0.05).Otolaryngologists rated the difficulty,completeness,and overall impression of SR higher than NR(P＜0.05).Radiologists rated the convenience,difficulty,and teaching value of SR higher than NR(P＜0.05).Conclusion Building a CT SR based on AJCC 8th edition TN staging suitable for initial diagnosis and staging of laryngeal cancer can improve the clarity and completeness of imaging reports,making it clinically feasible.

Diseases caused by animal virus infection seriously restricts the healthy development of animal husbandry.In-depth study of the molecular mechanism of viral replication and pathogenesis will provide theoretical basis for screening vaccine and drug targets.N6-methyladenosine(m6 A)modification occurs extensively in viral and host transcriptomes and affects viral replication and pathogenicity by regulating gene expression,which acts as a novel regulator of gene expression in addition to DNA and protein modifications.Insight into the regulatory molecular mechanism of m6 A modification in virus infection is the research hotspots and frontiers.In recent years,there are re-ports of alternation of the m6 A modification-associated epitranscriptomes and related function a-nalysis during virus infection.Here,we summarize the alternation of the epitranscriptomes induced by African swine fever virus(ASFV),porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus(PRRSV),porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus(PEDV),cestode virus(CSFV),porcine pseudorabies virus(PRV),Marek's disease virus(MDV),Newcastle disease virus(NDV),avian leukaemia virus(ALV)and duck hepatitis A virus(DHAV)infection,and the subsequent effects on viral replica-tion and pathogenicity.We also discuss the potential role and molecular mechanism of m6 A modification in animal virus replication and pathogenesis,which will contributes to the prevention and control for animal disease.

Objective:To design and develop a cone-beam CT imaging system for small animals with continuously adjustable spatial resolution.Methods:The imaging system used an X-ray source with a focal spot size of 30 μm and a flat panel detector with a pixel size of 100 μm. On this premise, a " stepping-focusing-rotating" image acquisition mode was proposed, in which the " focusing" and " stepping" systems were sequentially embedded in the " rotating" system. In this acquisition mode, the X-ray source and flat panel detector were relatively stationary to form the " focusing" system. When the " stepping" system accurately transported the object to the scanning position, the " focusing" system could achieve adjustable spatial resolution by making linear motion around the object to be scanned according to different experimental requirements. Finally the " rotating" system achieve high-quality imaging.Results:The variable spatial resolution of small animal CBCT ranges from 35.7 μm to 71.4 μm, and the FOV ranges from 39.6 mm to 108.0 mm. The conversion time for the limit spatial resolution is 19.125 s, which allowed accurate 3D reconstruction of normal mice at different resolutions with high reproducibility.Conclusions:A cone-beam CT suitable for small animals has been developed, whose spatial resolution and FOV can be adjusted arbitrarily within a certain range, which can meet the different imaging requirements in rodent experiments.

Objective To collect and analyze outpatient prescription data for exogenous cough treatment from a hospital in Shenzhen,and to identify the characteristics and medication patterns of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).Methods This study collected prescriptions from a hospital in Shenzhen for exogenous cough treatment in January 2024.R language for data mining were used to analyze the medication frequency,clustering patterns,and association rules in the treatment of exogenous cough by TCM and to explore the medication patterns and the usage of classic formulas in TCM for this condition.Results A total of 451 outpatient prescriptions for exogenous cough were include,the top ten most frequently used herbs were Licorice,Bitter almond,Bellflower,Ephedra,Tangerine peel,Stemonae radix,Tuckahoe,Pinellia ternata,Nepeta,Bulb of thunberg fritillary.Cluster analysis and association rules revealed that San'ao decoction,Kikyodon soup,and Zhisou powder were commonly prescribed,targeting lung function,dispersing wind,and resolving phlegm to effectively alleviate cough symptoms.Significant differences in medication usage were observed across different syndrome types.For the wind cold attacking lung pattern,the core herbs were warm in nature and focused on dispersing with acrid-warm properties.Conversely,the treatment of wind heat attacking the lung pattern typically involved cold-natured herbs,with a primary focus on clearing and draining lung heat.Stratification by age revealed that the pediatric group often used drugs with mild properties,such as Stemona and Shegan.The young adult group tended to be prescribed cold-natured drugs like Forsythia and Hogfonnel Root.The middle-aged and elderly group preferred warming and tonifying drugs such as Japanese Catnip and Perilla frutescens.Conclusion The TCM treatment of exogenous cough primarily focuses on releasing the exterior and dispersing the lung.Due to the region's subtropical monsoon climate and temperature fluctuations physicians flexibly modified classical formulas such as San'ao decoction and Zhisou powder according to individual constitutions and symptom patterns.This targeted,syndrome-based approach effectively disperses the lung qi,stops cough and transforms phlegm,and alleviates cough.

Diseases caused by animal virus infection seriously restricts the healthy development of animal husbandry.In-depth study of the molecular mechanism of viral replication and pathogenesis will provide theoretical basis for screening vaccine and drug targets.N6-methyladenosine(m6 A)modification occurs extensively in viral and host transcriptomes and affects viral replication and pathogenicity by regulating gene expression,which acts as a novel regulator of gene expression in addition to DNA and protein modifications.Insight into the regulatory molecular mechanism of m6 A modification in virus infection is the research hotspots and frontiers.In recent years,there are re-ports of alternation of the m6 A modification-associated epitranscriptomes and related function a-nalysis during virus infection.Here,we summarize the alternation of the epitranscriptomes induced by African swine fever virus(ASFV),porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus(PRRSV),porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus(PEDV),cestode virus(CSFV),porcine pseudorabies virus(PRV),Marek's disease virus(MDV),Newcastle disease virus(NDV),avian leukaemia virus(ALV)and duck hepatitis A virus(DHAV)infection,and the subsequent effects on viral replica-tion and pathogenicity.We also discuss the potential role and molecular mechanism of m6 A modification in animal virus replication and pathogenesis,which will contributes to the prevention and control for animal disease.

Objective To analyze the case distribution, trends and dispute causes in initial verification of occupational disease diagnosis (VODD) in Guangzhou City from 2015 to 2024. Methods A total of 1 006 cases applying for initial VODD in Guangzhou City from 2015 to 2024 were selected as the study subjects using the convenience sampling method. Data on their basic information, disease category distribution, acceptance status, and dispute-related characteristics were collected and analyzed. Results Among the 1 006 VODD application cases, 884 completed the verification process, accounting for 87.9%. Cases withdrawn by applicants, suspended appraisals, and non-accepted applications accounted for 8.7%, 2.3%, and 1.1%, respectively. Among the 884 cases that completed verification, the most prevalent occupational diseases were occupational noise-induced hearing loss, occupational tumors (benzene-induced leukemia), occupational pneumoconiosis, and occupational chronic benzene poisoning, accounting for 77.0%. Cases appraised as occupational diseases accounted for 41.5%, and the proportion showed a decreasing trend over the years (P<0.01). The inconsistency rate between VODD conclusions and occupational disease diagnostic conclusions was 4.4%, mainly attributable to insufficient cooperation during clinical examinations and incomplete submission of required materials. Conclusion The initial VODD in Guangzhou City from 2015 to 2024 demonstrated relatively concentrated disease categories and controllable dispute levels. Clinical examination compliance and standardization of material submission were key factors affecting consistency of appraisal conclusions. It is proposed that effective measures be adopted to rectify existing deficiencies, with the aim of further enhancing the standardization and refinement of VODD practice.

Objective:To design and develop a cone-beam CT imaging system for small animals with continuously adjustable spatial resolution.Methods:The imaging system used an X-ray source with a focal spot size of 30 μm and a flat panel detector with a pixel size of 100 μm. On this premise, a " stepping-focusing-rotating" image acquisition mode was proposed, in which the " focusing" and " stepping" systems were sequentially embedded in the " rotating" system. In this acquisition mode, the X-ray source and flat panel detector were relatively stationary to form the " focusing" system. When the " stepping" system accurately transported the object to the scanning position, the " focusing" system could achieve adjustable spatial resolution by making linear motion around the object to be scanned according to different experimental requirements. Finally the " rotating" system achieve high-quality imaging.Results:The variable spatial resolution of small animal CBCT ranges from 35.7 μm to 71.4 μm, and the FOV ranges from 39.6 mm to 108.0 mm. The conversion time for the limit spatial resolution is 19.125 s, which allowed accurate 3D reconstruction of normal mice at different resolutions with high reproducibility.Conclusions:A cone-beam CT suitable for small animals has been developed, whose spatial resolution and FOV can be adjusted arbitrarily within a certain range, which can meet the different imaging requirements in rodent experiments.

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of structured report(SR)for CT scans in laryngeal cancer.Methods Accord-ing to the American Joint Committee on Cancer(AJCC)8th edition TN staging,the SR template of CT suitable for initial diagnosis and staging of laryngeal cancer was constructed.It included 5 tumor-related points,4 lymph node-related points,and T and N staging.The differences in the occurrence rate of 11 key points and the accuracy of T and N staging between SR and narrative report(NR)were evaluated and compared.The readability,completeness and overall impression of SR were investigated among radiologists and otolaryngologists with different seniority.Results Finally,208 SR samples and 246 NR samples were included.Except for N0 stage,there were no statistical differences in age,sex ratio,laryngeal cancer classification,or T stage between SR and NR(P＞0.05).The occurrence rate of tumor size,extranodal extension(ENE),and T and N staging in early laryngeal cancer(T1-T2 stage)SR was higher than that in NR(P＜0.05).The occurrence rate of invasion of intra-and extra-pharyngeal vital structures,tumor size,enhancement degree,ENE,invasion of extranodal soft tissue,and T and N staging was higher in SR than that in NR in advanced laryngeal cancer(T3-T4 stage)(P＜0.05).There was no statistical difference in the accuracy of T and N staging between SR and NR(P＞0.05).Otolaryngologists rated the difficulty,completeness,and overall impression of SR higher than NR(P＜0.05).Radiologists rated the convenience,difficulty,and teaching value of SR higher than NR(P＜0.05).Conclusion Building a CT SR based on AJCC 8th edition TN staging suitable for initial diagnosis and staging of laryngeal cancer can improve the clarity and completeness of imaging reports,making it clinically feasible.

[Objective]Depression is a common mental illness with a profound impact on physical health.Depression has been associated with a higher risk of bacterial infection;however,whether this relationship is causal and how depression affects infection remains unclear.Therefore,we aimed to investigate the effects of depressive phenotype in infected mice by constructing a chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS)model.[Methods]Mice were induced with CUMS for 4 weeks.The depressive phenotype was evaluated using behavioral tests.Subsequently,the mice were intraperitoneally injected with Klebsiella pneumoniae to establish bacterial infection.Serum and abdominal tissues were collected 48 h after infection.Hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining was used to observe the pathological changes in the tissues,and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to measure the levels of inflammatory factors.In addition,the fecal samples collected before infection were analyzed for 16S rDNA gene of gut microbiota,and the expression levels of NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway in colon tissues of uninfected mice were detected.[Results]Behavioral tests showed that compared with the control mice,CUMS mice had significantly lower body weight(P<0.0001,t=5.426),lower sucrose preference rate(P<0.001,t=4.937),increased swimming stationary time(P<0.001,t=16.37),and decreased time spent in the central area of the open field(P<0.01,t=3.575).Survival analysis showed that compared with the control mice,the survival rate of CUMS mice significantly decreased after infection(P<0.05).Additionally,histochemical staining showed that tissue damage in the liver(P<0.05,t=4.025),kidney(P<0.05,t=2.828),and mesentery(P<0.01,t=5.367)significantly increased.Furthermore,ELISA results showed that the levels of the inflammatory cytokines IL-6(P<0.01,t=3.365),IL-1β(P<0.01,t=4.061),TNF-α(P<0.01,t=4.460)and LPS(P<0.0001,t=27.24)were elevated.The difference was statistically significant.According to 16S rDNA sequencing,CUMS-induced changes in the intestinal bacterial community structure of mice,making them significantly different from the control mice.Compared with the control mice,the expression levels of NF-κB(P<0.01,t=6.825)and NLRP3(P<0.001,t=9.561)were upregulated in CUMS mice.[Conclusion]The CUMS model was successfully constructed and CUMS mice developed more severe bacterial infection.Gut microbiota was dysregulated and the expression of NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway was up-regulated in CUMS mice,which was related to the susceptibility to bacterial infection.