The incidence of otogenic vertigo accounts for approximately 70% of all vertigo, presenting a sensation of surrounding objects moving and balance disturbances, accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and emotional changes, severely affecting quality of life in patients. Neuroimaging techniques have been widely used to observe structural and functional changes in related brain regions, and provide new insights into the mechanisms of vertigo. This paper aims to review the recent neuroimaging advancements in the study of central nervous mechanisms of otogenic vertigo, offering a imaging evidence for further exploration of related neuropathological mechanisms of otogenic vertigo.

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of children with anti-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (anti-HMGCR) antibody-mediated necrotizing myopathy, and to explore early identification and management strategies to provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data and treatment outcomes of 10 pediatric patients with anti-HMGCR antibody-mediated necrotizing myopathy admitted to the Department of Rheumatology, Children′s Hospital of Fudan University from December 2020 to December 2024. Statistical description was performed using SPSS 22.0.Results:Among the 10 patients, the male-to-female ratio was 1:4, the age of onset was (7.2±4.0) years, and the disease duration at diagnosis was (22.2±19.6) months. None had a history of statin exposure. Six patients presented with muscle weakness, and4 were diagnosed due to asymptomatic elevation of creatine kinase (CK); 4 had dermatomyositis-like rashes. All patients showed significantly elevated CK levels [median 3 291(1 969, 8 776)U/L] and underwent muscle biopsy. Histopathological findings revealed myofiber degeneration, necrosis, and regeneration in all cases, with inflammatory infiltration in 9 cases, MHC-Ⅰ positivity in all, and C5b-9 positivity in 9 cases. The median follow-up duration was (15.7±6.3) months. At the last follow-up, muscle strength was normal or nearly normal, and the CK median value had decreased to 977.5 (211.0, 3 536.0) U/L.Conclusion:For patients with suspected idiopathic inflammatory myopathy and significantly elevated CK, muscle-specific antibody testing-including anti-HMGCR-and muscle biopsy should be performed promptly regardless of the presence of skin rash, to ensure accurate diagnosis and guide treatment, thereby avoiding misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis.

Schizophrenia (SZ) stands as a severe psychiatric disorder. This study applied diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data in conjunction with graph neural networks to distinguish SZ patients from normal controls (NCs) and showcases the superior performance of a graph neural network integrating combined fractional anisotropy and fiber number brain network features, achieving an accuracy of 73.79% in distinguishing SZ patients from NCs. Beyond mere discrimination, our study delved deeper into the advantages of utilizing white matter brain network features for identifying SZ patients through interpretable model analysis and gene expression analysis. These analyses uncovered intricate interrelationships between brain imaging markers and genetic biomarkers, providing novel insights into the neuropathological basis of SZ. In summary, our findings underscore the potential of graph neural networks applied to multimodal DTI data for enhancing SZ detection through an integrated analysis of neuroimaging and genetic features.
Humans ; Schizophrenia/pathology* ; Diffusion Tensor Imaging/methods* ; Male ; Female ; Adult ; Brain/metabolism* ; Young Adult ; Middle Aged ; White Matter/pathology* ; Gene Expression ; Nerve Net/diagnostic imaging* ; Graph Neural Networks

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of children with anti-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (anti-HMGCR) antibody-mediated necrotizing myopathy, and to explore early identification and management strategies to provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data and treatment outcomes of 10 pediatric patients with anti-HMGCR antibody-mediated necrotizing myopathy admitted to the Department of Rheumatology, Children′s Hospital of Fudan University from December 2020 to December 2024. Statistical description was performed using SPSS 22.0.Results:Among the 10 patients, the male-to-female ratio was 1:4, the age of onset was (7.2±4.0) years, and the disease duration at diagnosis was (22.2±19.6) months. None had a history of statin exposure. Six patients presented with muscle weakness, and4 were diagnosed due to asymptomatic elevation of creatine kinase (CK); 4 had dermatomyositis-like rashes. All patients showed significantly elevated CK levels [median 3 291(1 969, 8 776)U/L] and underwent muscle biopsy. Histopathological findings revealed myofiber degeneration, necrosis, and regeneration in all cases, with inflammatory infiltration in 9 cases, MHC-Ⅰ positivity in all, and C5b-9 positivity in 9 cases. The median follow-up duration was (15.7±6.3) months. At the last follow-up, muscle strength was normal or nearly normal, and the CK median value had decreased to 977.5 (211.0, 3 536.0) U/L.Conclusion:For patients with suspected idiopathic inflammatory myopathy and significantly elevated CK, muscle-specific antibody testing-including anti-HMGCR-and muscle biopsy should be performed promptly regardless of the presence of skin rash, to ensure accurate diagnosis and guide treatment, thereby avoiding misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis.

Objective To investigate the role and mechanism of silent information regulator 1(SIRT1)-NOD-like receptor protein 3(NLRP3)axis in the effect of remifentanil against ischemia-reperfusion injury(IRI)in rat livers.SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group(sham group),IRI group,IRI+remifentanil pretreatment group(IRI+RPC group),IRI+SIRT1 inhibitor EX-527 group(IRI+EX-527 group)and IRI+RPC+EX-527 group,with 8 rats in each group.The levels of serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),interleukin(IL)-1β and IL-18 of rats in each group were detected.The liver tissue pathology was observed.The apoptosis rate of hepatocytes in rats was detected.The expressions of SIRT1,NLRP3,cleaved cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase-1(Cleaved Caspase-1)and Gasdermin D(GSDMD)proteins in rat liver tissue were detected.Results Compared with the sham group,the liver tissue pathological score and hepatocyte apoptosis rate of rats in the IRI group were increased,the serum ALT,AST,LDH,IL-1β,and IL-18 levels were increased,the relative expression of SIRT1 protein in liver tissue was decreased,and the relative expression of NLRP3,Cleaved Caspase-1,and GSDMD proteins were increased(all P<0.05).Compared with the IRI group,the liver tissue pathological score and hepatocyte apoptosis rate of rats in the IRI+RPC group were decreased,the serum ALT,AST,LDH,IL-1β,and IL-18 levels were decreased,the relative expression of SIRT1 protein in liver tissue was increased,and the relative expression of NLRP3,Cleaved Caspase-1,and GSDMD proteins were decreased;the liver tissue pathological score and hepatocyte apoptosis rate of rats in the IRI+EX-527 group were increased,the ALT,AST,LDH,IL-1β,and IL-18 levels were increased,the relative expression of SIRT1 protein in liver tissue was decreased,and the relative expression of NLRP3,Cleaved Caspase-1,and GSDMD proteins were increased(all P<0.05).Compared with the IRI+RPC group,the liver tissue pathological score and hepatocyte apoptosis rate in the IRI+RPC+EX-527 group were increased,the levels of ALT,AST,LDH,IL-1β,and IL-18 were increased,the relative expression of SIRT1 protein in liver tissue was decreased,and the relative expression of NLRP3,Cleaved Caspase-1,and GSDMD proteins were increased(all P<0.05).Conclusions SIRT1 may participate in the regulation of remifentanil against rat liver IRI by inhibiting NLRP3 mediated cell pyroptosis.

Objective:To analysis the correlation of eating speed with obesity.Methods:A total of 644 people aged 40-65 from Caihe Community in Hangzhou were enrolled to collect clinical and demographic data, undergo extensive physical examination and laboratory tests. Participants were divided into two groups according to their eating speed (non-fast and fast). Obesity-related parameters were compared between two groups. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to explore the relationship between eating speed and obesity after adjusting confounders.Results:Body mass index, waist circumference, and visceral fat area were greater in the fast eating group than non-fast eating group(all P<0.01). After adjusting for age, gender, smoking, alcohol drinking, physical activity level per week, and principal food intake, logistic regression analysis showed that eating fast was correlated with abdominal obesity( OR=1.66, 95% CI 1.11-2.48, P=0.014) and visceral obesity( OR=1.65, 95% CI 1.14-2.39, P=0.007). After stratified by gender, in the group of men, eating fast was correlated with abdominal obesity( OR=2.04, 95% CI 1.07-4.04, P=0.032) and visceral obesity( OR=1.85, 95% CI 1.04-3.31, P=0.037); In the group of women, eating fast was correlated with overweight and obesity( OR=1.59, 95% CI 1.04-2.42, P=0.031). Conclusion:Eating fast is positively associated with obesity. Interventions for reducing eating speed may be effective for weight control.

Objective:To study the effect of magnetic nursing concept on improving nurses' nursing ability of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).Methods:In the study, 33 nurses of emergency intensive care unit of The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2019 to December 2020 were selected as the research objects. From January 2019 to December 2019, the Department carried out routine nursing management, and from January 2020 to December 2020, the Department implemented the management mode of magnetic nursing concept. The mastery of nursing knowledge of ECMO was analyzed by using scale, and the critical thinking ability and self-study ability of the nurses were compared before and after intervention. SPSS 22.0 was used to perform t test on the data. Results:After the intervention, nurses' mastery of respiratory system nursing, circulatory system nursing, fluid balance nursing, skin nursing, digestive system nursing, bleeding, anticoagulant problem nursing, hospital infection prevention and control, and pipeline nursing related knowledge of ECMO patients was significantly better than that before the intervention ( P<0.05). After the intervention, nurses' truth-seeking, open thinking, systematic ability, analytic ability, thinking self-confidence, thirst for knowledge, cognitive maturity and total scale scores were significantly higher than those before the intervention ( P<0.05). After the intervention, nurses' self motivation belief, task analysis, self-monitoring and regulation, self-evaluation and total score were significantly higher than those before the intervention ( P<0.05). Conclusion:The nursing management mode of magnetic nursing concept is of value in improving nurses' autonomous learning ability and critical thinking ability.

AIM: To evaluate the bioequivalence of the test and reference formulations of mycophenolate mofetil capsule in Chinese healthy male subjects under fasting and fed conditions. METHODS: This was a 2-treatment, 2-sequence, 4-period, fully replicated crossover study that included 80 Chinese healthy male subjects (40 subjects in the fasting group and 40 subjects in the fed group, respectively). Subjects were assigned to receive a single oral administration of the test or reference formulation at a dose of 0.25 g in each period. The plasma concentration of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and metabolite mycophenolic acid (MPA) were analyhed by LC-MS/MS. The major pharmacokinetic parameters of MMF and MPA were calculated using non-compartmental analysis by WinNonlin 8.0. The statistical analysis was performed by SAS 9.4. Average bioequivalence (ABE) analysis was applied where it has been demonstrated that the within-subject standard deviation of the reference formulation (S

Objective:To explore the clinical effect of laparoscopic high ligation of inguinal hernia sac in children with veress needle and semi-rigid biopsy forceps.Methods:121 cases of indirect hernia of groin admitted in Rugao People's Hospital from June 2018 to November 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. According to the operation methods, 121 cases were divided into laparoscopic group ( n=76, laparoscopic high ligation of hernia sac with pneumoperitoneum needle and semi rigid biopsy forceps) and traditional operation group ( n=45, high ligation of traditional inguinal incision hernia sac). The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, incision length, postoperative self activity time and postoperative hospital stay were compared between the two groups; the patients were followed up for 3-21 months, and the proportion of postoperative complications and recurrence cases were compared between the two groups. Results:There was no significant difference in operative time between the two groups ( P=0.335), but the amount of bleeding [(3.8±0.7)ml vs (7.3±1.7)ml, P<0.05], the length of incision [(0.6±0.1)cm vs (1.8±1.2)cm, P<0.05], the time of recovery of self activity [(9.2±2.6)h vs (16.2±4.2)h, P<0.05] and the time of hospitalization [(1.3±0.6)d vs (3.4±1.3)d, P<0.05] in the laparoscopic group were all better than those in the traditional operation group; the proportion of complications and recurrence in the laparoscopic group during the follow-up period was less than that in the traditional operation group (χ 2=5.243, P=0.022). Conclusions:Laparoscopic high ligation of indirect hernia sac in children with veress needle and semi-rigid biopsy forceps has the advantages of small trauma, fast recovery and less postoperative complications, and the equipment is easy to obtain, which is convenient to carry out and promote in basic hospitals.

Objective:To evaluate the role of histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) in spinal dorsal horn in dexmedetomidine-induced reduction of neuropathic pain (NP) in rats.Methods:Forty clean-grade healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats, aged 7-9 weeks, weighing 190-240 g, were divided into 5 groups ( n=8 each) using a random number table method: control group (group C), sham operation group (group SH), group NP, dexmedetomidine group (group D), and specific HDAC6 inhibitor ACY-1215 plus dexmedetomidine group (group AD). The animals were commonly fed without any treatment in group C. The sciatic nerve was only isolated but not ligated in group SH.The animals were anesthetized with intraperitoneal 10% chloral hydrate 350 mg/kg.NP was induced by chronic constrictive injury (CCI). The right sciatic nerve was exposed, and 4 loose ligatures were placed on the sciatic nerve at 1-mm intervals with 4-0 silk thread in NP and D groups.In group D, dexmedetomidine 40 μg/kg was intraperitoneally injected once a day starting from the end of operation until the animals were sacrificed.In group AD, ACY-1215 25 mg/kg was intraperitoneally injected every day immediately before CCI, and dexmedetomidine 40 μg/kg was intraperitoneally injected daily after CCI until 15 days after CCI.The equal volume of solvent was given instead of dexmedetomidine in S and NP groups.The mechanical paw withdrawal threshold to von Frey filament stimulation (MWT) and thermal paw withdrawal latency (TWL) were measured at 1 day before CCI (baseline, T 0) and 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 days after CCI (T 1-5). The rats were then sacrificed, and the dorsal horn tissues of L 4-6 spinal cord were obtained for determination of the expression of myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) p65 by Western blot. Results:Compared with group C and group SH, the MWT was significantly decreased, and the TWL was shortened at T 1-5, and the expression of MyD88 and NF-κB p65 in the spinal dorsal horn was up-regulated in NP, D and AD groups ( P<0.05). Compared with group NP, the MWT was significantly increased, and the TWL was prolonged at T 1-5, the expression of MyD88 and NF-κB p65 in the spinal dorsal horn was down-regulated in group D ( P<0.05), and no significant change was found in the parameters mentioned above in group AD ( P>0.05). Compared with group D, MWT was significantly decreased, and TWL was shortened at T 1-5, and the expression of MyD88 and NF-κB p65 was up-regulated in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord in group AD ( P<0.05). Conclusion:HDAC6 in spinal dorsal horn is involved in dexmedetomidine-induced reduction of NP in rats, which is related to inhibiting MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway.