Erythropoietin-producing hepatoma receptor A2 （EphA2） is a member of the erythropoietin-producing hepatoma （Eph） subfamily of receptor tyrosine kinases. As a critical regulator of cancer development and progression， EphA2 can promote tumor initiation， growth， invasion， metastasis， stemness， and angiogenesis by activating or enhancing the oncogenic signaling pathways. High expression of EphA2 in tumor tissues is closely associated with poor prognosis， thus it is a very promising potential target for cancer treatment. This article reviews the molecular mechanisms by which EphA2 promotes cancer development and progression， aiming to provide clues and theoretical basis for EphA2-targeted cancer treatment.

Objective To clarify the active ingredients and the potential molecular mechanism of Guben Qushi Huayu Prescription in treating psoriasis recurrence.Methods An ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-TOF/MS)was applied to analyze the whole formula and the constituents absorbed into blood of Guben Qushi Huayu Prescription,and molecular docking technology was used to study the binding affinity of the constituents absorbed into blood with psoriasis-related immunomodulatory proteins such as CD69 and CD103 proteins.Results Mass spectrometry analysis identified 21 active ingredients such as paeoniflorin in Guben Qushi Huayu Prescription,including several known anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory compounds.Analysis of the constituents absorbed into blood identified 11 ingredients,including paeoniflorin,that may affect the course of psoriasis through blood circulation.Molecular docking studies revealed that the constituents absorbed into blood,including astilbin,isoastilbin,chlorogenic acid,neochlorogenic acid,cryptochlorogenic acid,helicine,paeoniflorin,ononin,all had high binding affinities with CD69 and CD103 proteins.Conclusion This research reveals the main active ingredients of Guben Qushi Huayu Prescription and their potential mechanism for regulating the recurrence of psoriasis by mass spectrometry and molecular docking technology,contributing to providing scientific basis for further pharmacological research and clinical application.

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of spinal subtle adjustment manipulation combined with acupuncture in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation(LDH).Methods:A total of 94 patients with LDH were enrolled and randomly divided into a control group and an observation group using a random number table method,with 47 cases in each group.The control group received acupuncture treatment;the observation group was treated with spinal subtle adjustment manipulation in addition to the intervention of the control group.The treatment lasted for 4 consecutive weeks.The Oswestry disability index(ODI)and visual analog scale(VAS)scores were compared before and after treatment;isokinetic testing was used to evaluate the biomechanical properties of lower back extensor muscle groups before and after treatment,measuring the peak torque(PT),average power(AP),and lower back flexion/extension ratio(F/E)at 60(°)/s isokinetic movements;after treatment,the comprehensive efficacy was assessed using the MacNab criteria,and the incidence of adverse reactions was compared between the two groups.Results:After treatment,the ODI and VAS scores in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05),while the AP and PT were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05),and the F/E was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).The effective rate in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).During the treatment period,the incidence of adverse reactions in both groups was 4.3％,and there was no statistically significant difference between the groups(P>0.05).Conclusion:Spinal subtle adjustment manipulation combined with acupuncture in the treatment of LDH can reduce the patients'pain and dysfunction,improve the biomechanical properties of lower back muscles,enhance the effectiveness of conservative treatment,and has a relatively high safety.

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of snake-like moxibustion combined with aconitum ointment based on routine Western medication in the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis(AS)of cold-dampness blockage pattern,and to evaluate its effects on traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)symptoms,serum Dickkopf-1 protein(DKK-1)level,and disease activity.Methods:A total of 120 AS patients were selected as research subjects and randomly divided into an observation group and a control group according to the random number table method,with 60 cases in each group.The control group was treated with oral sulfasalazine enteric-coated tablets as conventional therapy;the observation group was additionally treated with snake-like moxibustion combined with external application of aconitum ointment based on the intervention in the control group.After 4 weeks of consecutive treatment in both groups,the total effective rate was compared.Changes in TCM symptom scores,spinal pain visual analog scale(VAS)score,overall evaluation VAS score,Bath ankylosing spondylitis disease activity index(BASDAI)score,Bath ankylosing spondylitis functional index(BASFI)score,erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR),and serum levels of C-reactive protein(CRP),tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α,and DKK-1 were observed.Results:The total effective rate in the observation group was higher than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).After treatment,the scores of TCM symptoms,spinal pain VAS,overall evaluation VAS,BASDAI,and BASFI,as well as ESR,serum levels of CRP,TNF-α,and DKK-1 in both groups were lower than those before treatment,with statistically significant differences within groups(P<0.05);all indicators in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,with statistically significant differences between groups(P<0.05).Conclusion:Based on routine Western medication treatment,the addition of snake-like moxibustion combined with external application of aconitum ointment yields better therapeutic efficacy than Western medication alone in the treatment of AS.It can significantly improve clinical symptoms,control inflammation,and down-regulate the serum DKK-1 level.

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)essential oil Tuina(Chinese therapeutic massage)combined with conventional Western medication in treating hypertension and its influence on TCM symptoms and anxiety.Methods:Eighty patients with hypertension were included and divided into an observation group and a control group using the random number table method,with 40 cases in each group.The control group was treated with conventional oral Western medication once a day.The observation group was treated with additional TCM essential oil Tuina once every other day.The two groups were treated for 4 weeks.The changes in blood pressure,TCM symptom score,and anxiety,as well as safety,were observed after treatment.Results:After treatment,the systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,TCM symptom score,and Hamilton anxiety scale score in the two groups were lower than those before treatment(P<0.05),and those of the observation group were lower compared to the control group with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).There were no adverse reactions,such as allergy and dry cough,in the two groups.Conclusion:Based on conventional Western medication,TCM essential oil Tuina was safe and effective in the treatment of hypertension,which both reduced blood pressure and improved clinical symptoms and anxiety.

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of spinal subtle adjustment manipulation combined with acupuncture in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation(LDH).Methods:A total of 94 patients with LDH were enrolled and randomly divided into a control group and an observation group using a random number table method,with 47 cases in each group.The control group received acupuncture treatment;the observation group was treated with spinal subtle adjustment manipulation in addition to the intervention of the control group.The treatment lasted for 4 consecutive weeks.The Oswestry disability index(ODI)and visual analog scale(VAS)scores were compared before and after treatment;isokinetic testing was used to evaluate the biomechanical properties of lower back extensor muscle groups before and after treatment,measuring the peak torque(PT),average power(AP),and lower back flexion/extension ratio(F/E)at 60(°)/s isokinetic movements;after treatment,the comprehensive efficacy was assessed using the MacNab criteria,and the incidence of adverse reactions was compared between the two groups.Results:After treatment,the ODI and VAS scores in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05),while the AP and PT were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05),and the F/E was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).The effective rate in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).During the treatment period,the incidence of adverse reactions in both groups was 4.3％,and there was no statistically significant difference between the groups(P>0.05).Conclusion:Spinal subtle adjustment manipulation combined with acupuncture in the treatment of LDH can reduce the patients'pain and dysfunction,improve the biomechanical properties of lower back muscles,enhance the effectiveness of conservative treatment,and has a relatively high safety.

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of snake-like moxibustion combined with aconitum ointment based on routine Western medication in the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis(AS)of cold-dampness blockage pattern,and to evaluate its effects on traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)symptoms,serum Dickkopf-1 protein(DKK-1)level,and disease activity.Methods:A total of 120 AS patients were selected as research subjects and randomly divided into an observation group and a control group according to the random number table method,with 60 cases in each group.The control group was treated with oral sulfasalazine enteric-coated tablets as conventional therapy;the observation group was additionally treated with snake-like moxibustion combined with external application of aconitum ointment based on the intervention in the control group.After 4 weeks of consecutive treatment in both groups,the total effective rate was compared.Changes in TCM symptom scores,spinal pain visual analog scale(VAS)score,overall evaluation VAS score,Bath ankylosing spondylitis disease activity index(BASDAI)score,Bath ankylosing spondylitis functional index(BASFI)score,erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR),and serum levels of C-reactive protein(CRP),tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α,and DKK-1 were observed.Results:The total effective rate in the observation group was higher than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).After treatment,the scores of TCM symptoms,spinal pain VAS,overall evaluation VAS,BASDAI,and BASFI,as well as ESR,serum levels of CRP,TNF-α,and DKK-1 in both groups were lower than those before treatment,with statistically significant differences within groups(P<0.05);all indicators in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,with statistically significant differences between groups(P<0.05).Conclusion:Based on routine Western medication treatment,the addition of snake-like moxibustion combined with external application of aconitum ointment yields better therapeutic efficacy than Western medication alone in the treatment of AS.It can significantly improve clinical symptoms,control inflammation,and down-regulate the serum DKK-1 level.

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)essential oil Tuina(Chinese therapeutic massage)combined with conventional Western medication in treating hypertension and its influence on TCM symptoms and anxiety.Methods:Eighty patients with hypertension were included and divided into an observation group and a control group using the random number table method,with 40 cases in each group.The control group was treated with conventional oral Western medication once a day.The observation group was treated with additional TCM essential oil Tuina once every other day.The two groups were treated for 4 weeks.The changes in blood pressure,TCM symptom score,and anxiety,as well as safety,were observed after treatment.Results:After treatment,the systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,TCM symptom score,and Hamilton anxiety scale score in the two groups were lower than those before treatment(P<0.05),and those of the observation group were lower compared to the control group with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).There were no adverse reactions,such as allergy and dry cough,in the two groups.Conclusion:Based on conventional Western medication,TCM essential oil Tuina was safe and effective in the treatment of hypertension,which both reduced blood pressure and improved clinical symptoms and anxiety.

ObjectiveTo investigate the role of proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor alpha （TNFα） and interleukin-1β （IL-1β） in rostral ventromedial medulla （RVM） in chronic postsurgical pain （CPSP） induced by skin/muscle incision and retraction （SMIR）. MethodsSD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups： ① Sham group； ② SMIR group； ③ SMIR+TNFα/IL-1β neutralizing antibody group； ④ SMIR+TNFα/IL-1β group and ⑤ SMIR+vehicle group. 50% paw mechanical withdrawal threshold （MWT） was measured by the up-down method， immunofluroscence was used to detect the TNFα and IL-1β expression and ELISA for the 5-Hydroxytryptamine （5-HT） level. ResultsSMIR elicited persistent nociceptive sensitization， upregulated TNFα and IL-1β expression in RVM neurons and astrocytes. Microinjection of TNFα or IL-1β neutralizing antibody into RVM inhibited the development of nociceptive sensitization and decreased the level of 5-HT in both RVM and spinal dorsal horn. While microinjection of recombinant TNFα or IL-1β into RVM enhanced the development of nociceptive sensitization and increased the level of 5-HT in both RVM and spinal dorsal horn. ConclusionUp-regulation of proinflammatory cytokines in RVM may contribute to SMIR induced CPSP by promoting 5-HT release.

OBJECTIVE To establish the characteristic chromatogram of the volatile oil in the standard decoction of Qingshang juantong decoction， and preliminarily infer the main active components of volatile oil that affect the clinical therapeutic effect. METHODS The volatile oil in the standard decoction of Qingshang juantong decoction was extracted by steam distillation. The ultra-high performance liquid chromatography （UPLC） characteristic chromatograms of 15 batches of samples were established by the Similarity Evaluation System of TCM Chromatographic Fingerprint （2012 edition）， and the similarity evaluation was carried out. The volatile oil of standard decoction was identified by UPLC coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry （UPLC-Q-TOF/MS）. Then the volatile oil components were analyzed by GC-MS. RESULTS The similarities of UPLC characteristic chromatograms for volatile oil of 15 batches of Qingshang juantong decoction were between 0.949 and 0.997. A total of 12 common peaks were obtained. According to the UPLC-Q-TOF/MS， the main components were methyl eugenol， E-ligustilide， E-butylidenephthalide and so on. A total of 23 components were identified by GC-MS， which were mainly 3，4，5-trimethoxy- methylbenzene， patchouli alcohol， Z-ligustilide and so on. CONCLUSIONS The characteristic chromatograms of the volatile oil in the standard decoction of Qingshang juantong decoction is established， and it is inferred that methyl eugenol， ligustilide， E- butylidenephthalide， patchouli alcohol， 3，4，5-trimethoxy-methylbenzene might be the main active components affecting the clinical therapeutic effect of the volatile oil of Qingshang juantong decoction.