Objective Magnetoreception, the remarkable ability of diverse animals to sense and utilize the geomagnetic field for orientation and navigation, remains a molecularly unresolved mystery in sensory biology. The putative magnetoreceptor (MagR, previously known as IscA1) is a highly conserved iron-sulfur protein implicated in both magnetoreception and iron metabolism; however, the functional diversity among its cross-species homologs remains poorly understood. Cellular morphology is a key genetically determined trait that can be altered through genetic or environmental modifications—a process known as cell morphology engineering. Constructing engineered cells with specific morphological features and magnetic sensitivity to achieve remote, non-invasive magnetic modulation represents a crucial goal in this field with significant application potential. Therefore, this study aims to systematically investigate the effects of MagR heterologous expression on bacterial morphology and magnetic sensing capabilities, screen for MagR-based magnetically sensitive morphology engineering pathways, and reveal the underlying molecular mechanisms. Methods We systematically screened 28 MagR homologous genes from diverse prokaryotic and animal taxa to evaluate their expression and corresponding phenotypic effects in Escherichia coli (E. coli). To compare the differential magnetic responses among bacteria expressing various recombinant MagR proteins, we utilized high-throughput automated bright-field microscopic imaging and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Furthermore, comprehensive biochemical and biophysical characterizations of iron and iron-sulfur cluster binding were performed using Ferrozine colorimetric assays, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) absorption, and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy. Additionally, 100 mT static magnetic field (SMF) exposure experiments were conducted to assess magnetically tunable phenotypes, while the intrinsic magnetic properties of purified MagR proteins were directly measured using a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometer. Results Our results demonstrated that the heterologous expression of MagR homologs induced varying degrees of bacterial filamentation. From this comprehensive screen, two distinct morphological patterns were identified: hydra (Hydra vulgaris) MagR (hyMagR) promoted uniform cell elongation and filamentation, exhibiting robust magnetic sensitivity manifested as significantly enhanced filamentation under the 100 mT SMF. In contrast, pigeon (Columba livia) MagR (clMagR) induced only low-frequency, extreme filamentation (sporadically exceeding 80 μm) with a relatively weaker magnetic morphological response. Mechanistically, our data unambiguously proved that these phenotypic differences are primarily driven by distinct iron redox preferences rather than total cellular iron accumulation. Specifically, hyMagR preferentially binds ferrous iron (Fe²⁺), whereas clMagR favors ferric iron (Fe³⁺) and forms more stable iron-sulfur clusters. Intriguingly, although SQUID magnetometry showed that purified clMagR exhibited approximately five-fold higher mass magnetic susceptibility than hyMagR, its cellular magnetic response was weaker. We hypothesize that the Fe²⁺-preferred intracellular environment associated with hyMagR overexpression primes the cell for enhanced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) via the Fenton reaction. Exposure to an SMF synergizes with this primed redox state, triggering the bacterial SOS response and upregulating cell division inhibitors to efficiently induce uniform filamentation. Conclusion Our findings identify the Fe²⁺/Fe³⁺ redox state as a critical determinant of MagR-mediated morphological remodeling and magnetic responsiveness. This discovery suggests a potential strategy for engineering magnetically responsive cellular systems for synthetic biology applications, and provides a plausible framework, which potentially combines intrinsic protein magnetism with redox-state modulation, for further investigating the evolutionary mechanisms of MagR-mediated magnetoreception.

Objective Magnetoreception, the remarkable ability of diverse animals to sense and utilize the geomagnetic field for orientation and navigation, remains a molecularly unresolved mystery in sensory biology. The putative magnetoreceptor (MagR, previously known as IscA1) is a highly conserved iron-sulfur protein implicated in both magnetoreception and iron metabolism; however, the functional diversity among its cross-species homologs remains poorly understood. Cellular morphology is a key genetically determined trait that can be altered through genetic or environmental modifications—a process known as cell morphology engineering. Constructing engineered cells with specific morphological features and magnetic sensitivity to achieve remote, non-invasive magnetic modulation represents a crucial goal in this field with significant application potential. Therefore, this study aims to systematically investigate the effects of MagR heterologous expression on bacterial morphology and magnetic sensing capabilities, screen for MagR-based magnetically sensitive morphology engineering pathways, and reveal the underlying molecular mechanisms. Methods We systematically screened 28 MagR homologous genes from diverse prokaryotic and animal taxa to evaluate their expression and corresponding phenotypic effects in Escherichia coli (E. coli). To compare the differential magnetic responses among bacteria expressing various recombinant MagR proteins, we utilized high-throughput automated bright-field microscopic imaging and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Furthermore, comprehensive biochemical and biophysical characterizations of iron and iron-sulfur cluster binding were performed using Ferrozine colorimetric assays, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) absorption, and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy. Additionally, 100 mT static magnetic field (SMF) exposure experiments were conducted to assess magnetically tunable phenotypes, while the intrinsic magnetic properties of purified MagR proteins were directly measured using a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometer. Results Our results demonstrated that the heterologous expression of MagR homologs induced varying degrees of bacterial filamentation. From this comprehensive screen, two distinct morphological patterns were identified: hydra (Hydra vulgaris) MagR (hyMagR) promoted uniform cell elongation and filamentation, exhibiting robust magnetic sensitivity manifested as significantly enhanced filamentation under the 100 mT SMF. In contrast, pigeon (Columba livia) MagR (clMagR) induced only low-frequency, extreme filamentation (sporadically exceeding 80 μm) with a relatively weaker magnetic morphological response. Mechanistically, our data unambiguously proved that these phenotypic differences are primarily driven by distinct iron redox preferences rather than total cellular iron accumulation. Specifically, hyMagR preferentially binds ferrous iron (Fe²⁺), whereas clMagR favors ferric iron (Fe³⁺) and forms more stable iron-sulfur clusters. Intriguingly, although SQUID magnetometry showed that purified clMagR exhibited approximately five-fold higher mass magnetic susceptibility than hyMagR, its cellular magnetic response was weaker. We hypothesize that the Fe²⁺-preferred intracellular environment associated with hyMagR overexpression primes the cell for enhanced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) via the Fenton reaction. Exposure to an SMF synergizes with this primed redox state, triggering the bacterial SOS response and upregulating cell division inhibitors to efficiently induce uniform filamentation. Conclusion Our findings identify the Fe²⁺/Fe³⁺ redox state as a critical determinant of MagR-mediated morphological remodeling and magnetic responsiveness. This discovery suggests a potential strategy for engineering magnetically responsive cellular systems for synthetic biology applications, and provides a plausible framework, which potentially combines intrinsic protein magnetism with redox-state modulation, for further investigating the evolutionary mechanisms of MagR-mediated magnetoreception.

Background The quality of occupational health technical services is directly linked to the protection of workers' health rights and the efficacy of occupational disease prevention and control. However, the industry still faces critical challenges: sporadic instances of institutional non-compliance and persistent irregularities in professional practice continue to undermine overall service performance. Objective To assess the current quality status of occupational health technical services in Zhejiang Province and propose countermeasures for quality improvement, providing a scientific basis for policy optimization and service delivery quality enhancement. Methods A total of 69 occupational health technical service institutions in Zhejiang Province that obtained formal accreditation as of April 30, 2024, were sampled, including 3 public institutions and 66 private institutions (comprising 3 formerly Class-A, 28 formerly Class-B, 11 formerly Class-C, and 24 newly certified institutions). Following the Technical Protocol for Quality Monitoring of Occupational Health Technical Service in Zhejiang Province and the Technical Protocol for Proficiency Testing of Occupational Health Detection in Zhejiang Province, a quality assessment task force comprising national and provincial experts was established. Evaluation was conducted across four dimensions: qualification maintenance and compliance, standardization of technical services, authenticity of technical services, and proficiency testing, utilizing a combination of document review, on-site inspections, and technical skill assessments. Results The occupational health technical service institutions in Zhejiang Province were predominantly private entities (82.5%), with significant disparities in overall service quality. The pass rates for qualification maintenance and compliance, technical service standardization, technical service authenticity, and the excellence rate for laboratory proficiency testing were 81.5%, 80.7%, 97.3%, and 90.4%, respectively. Regarding qualification maintenance, the pass rates for "environmental conditions" (49.8%, 56.7%) and "instrumentation and equipment" (58.2%、65.6%) were significantly lower for formerly Class-C and newly certified institutions compared to other categories. In terms of technical standardization, "standardized on-site inspections" recorded the lowest pass rate (67.4%), with newly certified institutions at only 48.0%. Regarding technical service authenticity, formerly Class-C institutions exhibited issues such as missing raw chromatograms for blank samples (85.7% pass rate). In laboratory proficiency testing, public and formerly Class-A institutions achieved 100% excellence rates, but the performance of formerly Class-C and newly certified institutions was comparatively weak; specifically, the failure rate for organic analysis in formerly Class-C institutions reached 20%; the failure rate for dust testing items in newly certified institutions was 10.3%. Conclusion The overall quality of occupational health technical services in Zhejiang Province still requires significant improvement, particularly in basic institutional conditions, the standardization of on-site inspections, and laboratory proficiency in organic and dust analysis. Formerly Class-C and newly certified institutions should be the primary focus of quality management efforts. Differentiated regulatory strategies are recommended, alongside strengthening interim and ex-post supervision to gradually enhance the quality of occupational health technical services across all institutions.

Objective To evaluate the value of serum Mac-2 binding protein (M2BP) for assessment of the severity of schisto somiasis-induced liver fibrosis, so as to provide insights into non-invasive diagnosis and disease surveillance of liver fibrosis caused by schistosomiasis. Methods A total of 234 individuals with a history of Schistosoma japonicum infection were sampled from Xinhua Village, Lushan City, Jiangxi Province from 2019 to 2020, and 234 serum samples were collected from all participants. All participants received B-ultrasound examinations of the liver. Serum samples were categorized into four groups (grades 0, Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ schistosomiasis-induced liver fibrosis groups) according to B-ultrasound examination results, and then, each group was randomly divided into a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve group and an efficacy assessment group at a ratio of 7∶3. Serum M2BP concentration was measured in four groups using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and differences in serum M2BP concentrations were compared with analysis of variance and Spearman correlation analysis. Serum M2BP concentration was subjected to ROC curve analysis among individuals with different grades of schistosomiasis-induced liver fibrosis in the ROC curve group to determine the optimal diagnostic threshold of M2BP concentration at different fibrosis grades, and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was calculated to evaluate the diagnostic performance. The diagnostic accuracy was verified by comparing the accordance rate and Kappa consistency test in the efficacy assessment group. Results Among 234 serum samples, there were 79 samples with grade 0 schistosomiasis-induced liver fibrosis, 87 samples with Grade Ⅰ, 46 samples with Grade Ⅱ and 22 samples with Grade Ⅲ according to the B-ultrasound examinations. The mean serum M2BP concentrations were (0.40 ± 0.31) [95% confidence interval (CI): (0.33, 0.47)], (0.64 ± 0.48) [95% CI: (0.53, 0.74)], (1.76 ± 0.58) [95% CI: (1.59, 1.93)] μg/mL and (2.56 ± 0.93) [95% CI: (2.14, 2.97)] μg/mL in the four groups, respectively (F = 150.796, P < 0.001), and the severity of schistosomiasis-induced liver fibrosis significantly positively correlated with serum M2BP concentration (rs = 0.715, P < 0. 001). The sample sizes of grades 0, Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ schistosomiasis-induced liver fibrosis sera were randomly allocated as follows: 55 versus 24, 61 versus 26, 32 versus 14, and 15 versus 7 in the ROC curve and efficacy assessment groups, respectively, and the serum M2BP concentrations were (0.39 ± 0.29) μg/mL and (0.42 ± 0.36) μg/mL (F = 0.196, P > 0.05), (0.59 ± 0.47) μg/mL and (0.75 ± 0.51) μg/mL (F = 1.967, P > 0.05), (1.73 ± 0.59) μg/mL and (1.85 ± 0.57) μg/mL (F = 0.417, P > 0.05), and (2.46 ± 0.64) μg/mL and (2.76 ± 1.41) μg/mL (F = 0.491, P > 0.05), respectively. ROC curve analysis showed that the optimal diagnostic thresholds of serum M2BP concentration were 0.347 86 μg/mL (AUC = 0.635, P < 0.05), 1.188 83 μg/mL (AUC = 0.938, P < 0.000 1) and 2.021 21 μg/mL (AUC = 0.821, P < 0.000 1) for grade Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ schistosomiasis-induced liver fibrosis. In addition, the accordance rates between the optimal diagnostic threshold of serum M2BP and B-ultrasound examinations for predicting grade Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ schistosomiasis-induceed liver fibrosis were 69.23%, 85.71% and 71.43% (χ2 = 1.340, P > 0.05), and the overall Kappa consistency test showed moderate consistency [Kappa = 0.608, 95% CI: (0.428, 0.788); Z = 6.609, P < 0.000 1]. Conclusions Serum M2BP may serve as a potential biomarker for assessing moderate to advanced schistosomiasis-induced liver fibrosis; however, its diagnostic value for early-stage schistosomiasis-induced liver fibrosis remains limited.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a prevalent and life-threatening clinical syndrome characterised by a rapid decline in renal function and diverse pathological etiologies. The condition has been demonstrated to be associated with elevated mortality rates and an increased risk of progression to chronic kidney disease. At present, clinicians depend heavily on conventional functional markers, such as serum creatinine and urine output, for the diagnosis and staging of the disease. It is evident that these conventional indicators characteristically manifest a considerable temporal delay and only undergo modification subsequent to considerable tissue damage. This severely restricts the timeframe for early detection and timely therapeutic intervention. Furthermore, standard markers fail to provide specific biological information regarding the underlying cellular injury mechanisms. The utilisation of advanced probe technologies in molecular imaging offers a robust alternative to overcome these inherent diagnostic limitations.This comprehensive review systematically evaluates recent progress in the design and application of two primary categories of molecular imaging tools for acute kidney disease, specifically reactive probes and enzyme-activated probes. Reactive probes are engineered to specifically interact with redox-active chemical species, including hydrogen peroxide, peroxynitrite, hypochlorous acid, and sulfur dioxide. Because oxidative stress constitutes a primary early event in acute renal tubular damage, these probes enable researchers and clinicians to visualize early cellular injury and radical accumulation well before global renal functional decline becomes evident. We discuss the application of these reactive probes across multiple imaging modalities including fluorescence imaging, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography (PET), and photoacoustic techniques. Photoacoustic imaging combines high spatial resolution with deep tissue penetration and has successfully demonstrated the ability to provide diagnostic alerts up to 12 h before any detectable rise in serum creatinine levels. Additionally, specific reactive probes have shown promising translational potential when tested by high-throughput screening in clinical human urine samples. Enzyme-activated probes target the specific catalytic activity of disease-relevant enzymes. These include well-documented renal tubular structural biomarkers such as NAG, GGT, and ALP, along with apoptosis-related caspases and specific nitroreductases. By responding only to enzymatic cleavage, these tools provide highly specific and pathology-directed imaging readouts. Recent structural design strategies in this field have advanced significantly beyond single-enzyme detection. Researchers are now focusing on sophisticated dual-target recognition to minimize background noise, multimodal integration to cross-validate imaging signals, and theranostic applications where probes simultaneously deliver diagnostic feedback and therapeutic agents to injured tissues. Nanotechnology serves as a fundamental enabler for realizing these advanced probe functions. By precisely optimizing nanoparticle parameters such as hydrodynamic size, surface charge, and targeting ligands, researchers can achieve amplified signal output, highly precise kidney delivery, and protection against premature degradation in the systemic circulation. For example, modifying surface charges can significantly enhance the active uptake of nanoprobes by damaged renal tubular epithelial cells.While preclinical probe development has progressed rapidly, moving these technologies into routine clinical practice remains a major challenge. We analyze the translational feasibility and current obstacles from biological, technological, and regulatory perspectives. Although biological targets such as KIM-1, FAP, and ALP have been validated in extensive patient cohorts, practical barriers severely limit their immediate clinical application. These obstacles involve complex changes in in vivo pharmacokinetics. During an acute injury episode, the extreme drop in the glomerular filtration rate alters probe clearance and can cause unwanted systemic accumulation or confusing background imaging signals. Other major hurdles include a lack of comprehensive long-term toxicity data and the absence of standardized manufacturing protocols to ensure batch-to-batch consistency. Future successful translation will require rigorous multi-center clinical studies to confirm the true diagnostic value of these probes over traditional markers. Researchers must also establish strict standardization of imaging procedures and comprehensive safety evaluations. Ultimately, this review provides a thorough reference framework for designing clinically translatable molecular probes and building a precision diagnostic imaging system for acute kidney injury.

OBJECTIVE To establish a quality control method for Jinbei oral liquid based on multi-wavelength switching high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） fingerprint， chemical pattern recognition and multi-index content determination. METHODS A total of 15 batches of Jinbei oral liquid were used as test samples. The Similarity Evaluation System for Chromatographic Fingerprint of Traditional Chinese Medicine （ Version 2012 ） was adopted to establish multi-wavelength switching HPLC fingerprints， followed by chromatographic peak identification and similarity evaluation. Cluster analysis， principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis were applied to conduct chemical pattern recognition on the 15 batches of samples. The multi-wavelength switching HPLC method was used to simultaneously determine the contents of neochlorogenic acid， chlorogenic acid， cryptochlorogenic acid， forsythoside A， baicalin， salvianoli c acid B and wogonoside in samples. RESULTS A total of 25 common peaks were calibrated in the fingerprints of 15 batches of Jinbei oral liquid， among which 7 common peaks were unambiguously identified. The similarity of all samples was higher than 0.960. Chemical pattern recognition results showed that samples S1-S8 were clustered into group 1， and samples S9-S15 were clustered into group 2. Baicalin， wogonoside， neochlorogenic acid， chlorogenic acid and salvianolic acid B were identified as the differential quality markers. The average contents of neochlorogenic acid， chlorogenic acid， cryptochlorogenic acid， forsythoside A， baicalin， salvianolic acid B and wogonoside in 15 batches of Jinbei oral liquid were 0.213 7， 0.085 3， 0.104 9， 0.287 3， 0.420 1， 0.062 1， 0.176 0 mg/mL， respectively. CONCLUSIONS The established quality control method for Jinbei oral liquid combining multi-wavelength switching HPLC fingerprint， chemical pattern recognition and multi-index content determination is stable and reliable， which can provide a reference for the formulation of quality standards of this preparation.

OBJECTIVE To establish a quality control method for Jinbei oral liquid based on multi-wavelength switching high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） fingerprint， chemical pattern recognition and multi-index content determination. METHODS A total of 15 batches of Jinbei oral liquid were used as test samples. The Similarity Evaluation System for Chromatographic Fingerprint of Traditional Chinese Medicine （ Version 2012 ） was adopted to establish multi-wavelength switching HPLC fingerprints， followed by chromatographic peak identification and similarity evaluation. Cluster analysis， principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis were applied to conduct chemical pattern recognition on the 15 batches of samples. The multi-wavelength switching HPLC method was used to simultaneously determine the contents of neochlorogenic acid， chlorogenic acid， cryptochlorogenic acid， forsythoside A， baicalin， salvianoli c acid B and wogonoside in samples. RESULTS A total of 25 common peaks were calibrated in the fingerprints of 15 batches of Jinbei oral liquid， among which 7 common peaks were unambiguously identified. The similarity of all samples was higher than 0.960. Chemical pattern recognition results showed that samples S1-S8 were clustered into group 1， and samples S9-S15 were clustered into group 2. Baicalin， wogonoside， neochlorogenic acid， chlorogenic acid and salvianolic acid B were identified as the differential quality markers. The average contents of neochlorogenic acid， chlorogenic acid， cryptochlorogenic acid， forsythoside A， baicalin， salvianolic acid B and wogonoside in 15 batches of Jinbei oral liquid were 0.213 7， 0.085 3， 0.104 9， 0.287 3， 0.420 1， 0.062 1， 0.176 0 mg/mL， respectively. CONCLUSIONS The established quality control method for Jinbei oral liquid combining multi-wavelength switching HPLC fingerprint， chemical pattern recognition and multi-index content determination is stable and reliable， which can provide a reference for the formulation of quality standards of this preparation.

Objective Through in vitro experiments,biomechanical data of the transtibial pullout suture(TPS),tendon reconstruction(TR),and tendon reconstruction with suture augmentation(TRS)were collected,so as to evaluate the biomechanical effectiveness of tendon reconstruction for repairing medial meniscus posterior root tear(MMPRT).Methods Eighteen porcine knee joint models were divided into TPS,TR,and TRS groups.Sutures were used to fix the meniscal root in TPS group.Tendons were passed through an incision at the meniscal root in TR group.Tendons were passed through an incision at the meniscal root and secured at tendon-meniscus contact area with additional sutures in TRS group.The sutures and tendons were pulled out through tibial tunnels and fixed at the anteromedial tibia.All groups underwent failure load tests,and ultimate failure load,displacement at failure load,load at clinical failure,stiffness,and failure modes of the samples were recorded.Results The maximum failure load in TPS group was significantly higher than that in TR group(P＜0.05),but there was no significant difference between TPS group and TRS group(P＞0.05).The maximum failure load in TRS group was significantly higher than that in TR group(P＜0.05).The displacement under failure load in TR group and TRS group was significantly lower than that in TPS group(P＜0.05),but there was no significant difference between TR group and TRS group(P＞0.05).There were no significant differences in the load under clinical failure among the 3 groups(P＞0.05).The stiffness of TRS group was significantly greater than that of TPS group(P＜0.05),but no significant difference was observed between TR group and TPS group,as well as between TR group and TRS group(P＞0.05).All failures were caused by suture or tendon cutting through the meniscus.Conclusions The tendon reconstruction techniques is superior to the TPS in terms of failure displacement and stiffness,while the TRS further enhances the stability of the repair.

Objective To investigate the role of membrane-associated tyrosine/threonine-protein ki-nase 1(PKMYT1)in glucocorticoid(GC)-induced osteoblast(OB)apoptosis,providing a theoretical basis and potential therapeutic targets for early-stage steroid-induced avascular necrosis of the femoral head(SANFH).Methods(1)Mouse calvarial osteoblastic cells(MC3T3-E1)were selected for the study.The control group was cultured in standard medium,while the experimental group was subject-ed to osteogenic induction culture,with osteogenic capacity verified by alkaline phosphatase(ALP)and Alizarin Red S(ARS)staining.Then,mouse osteoblasts(mOB)were treated with different con-centrations of GC.After that,apoptosis was detected by using Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining as-say,while cell proliferation was assessed by using Cell Counting Kit-8(CCK8).Moreover,the expres-sions of anti-apoptotic protein B-cell lymphoma/leukemia-2(BCL-2),pro-apoptotic proteins cleaved caspase-3andcleavedcaspase-9(cleavedcaspase 3/9)weredetectedbyusing Westernblotting(WB).Meanwhile,proteomic analysis was employed to identify molecules potentially regulating GC-in-duced apoptosis in mOBs.What's more,quantitative real-time PCR(qPCR)and WB were used to further analyze PKMYT1 expression.(2)mOBs were treated with PKMYT1 inhibitor GSK-1520489A of different concentrations to screen the optimal one,and all subjects were then further divided into a control,a GC,a GSK-1520489A,and a GC+GSK-1520489A group.Later,the expression of PK-MYT1 and apoptosis-related proteins BCL-2 and cleaved caspase 3/9 of all groups were detected us-ing WB,and cell viability and cytotoxicity were evaluated by CCK8 assay,with cell proliferation by using 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine(EDU)assay and apoptosis by cell live/dead staining and Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining.(3)mOBs were infected with PKMYT1 overexpression lentiviral vectors,and its efficiency was verified by using immunofluorescence,qPCR,and WB.After successful overexpres-sion of PKMYT1,all cells were divided into the control,GC,PKMYT1 overexpression(OE),and OE+GC groups,whose cell proliferation was detected by EDU assay,and apoptosis was assessed by Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining and cell live/dead staining.(4)To verify the changes in PKMYT1 expression in human osteoblasts(hOB),hOBs extracted from human femoral heads of healthy individu-als were chosen into the control group,while those from patients with hormone-induced avascular ne-crosis of the femoral head(hSANFH)were selected into the hSANFH group.Then,PKMYT1 expres-sion in both groups was detected by using qPCR and WB.Results(1)After inducing the differentia-tion of mouse calvarial osteoblastic cells(MC3T3-E1)into mature osteoblasts,under the action of GC,compared with the control group,with the increase of GC concentration,the experimental group showed increased mOB apoptosis(P<0.01)and expression of cleaved caspase 3/9(P<0.01),but de-creased cell viability(P<0.01)and expressionof apoptosis-relatedprotein BCL-2(P<0.01).More-over,according to the proteomic sequencing,significant decrease was observed in the PKMYT1 expres-sion in mature mOBs treated with GC.(2)As to treatment of mOBs with different concentrations of PKMYT1 inhibitor GSK-1520489A,with the increase of concentration,cell viability decreased and cy-totoxicity increased(P<0.001).Moreover,compared with the control group,mOBs proliferation de-creased(P<0.001)and apoptosis increased(P<0.001)in the GSK-1520489A group.Meanwhile,com-pared with the GC group,mOB proliferation decreased(P<0.05)and apoptosis increased significantly(P<0.01)in the GC+GSK-1520489A group.(3)After overexpression of PKMYT1,in comparison with the control group,mOB proliferation increased(P<0.001)but apoptosis did not increase significantly(P>0.05)in the OE group.Moreover,compared with the GC group,mOB proliferation increased(P<0.001)but apoptosis decreased(P<0.001)significantly in the OE+GC group.(4)In hOBs extracted from human femoral head tissues,qPCR and WB results showed that PKMYT1 expression of the hSANFH group was significantly lower than the control group(P<0.001).Conclusion Down regulation of PKMYT1 expression promotes GC-induced apoptosis of mOBs.Conversely,over expression of PK-MYT1 inhibits GC-induced apoptosis of mOBs.Therefore,PKMYT1 may serve as a potential target for the early treatment of SANFH.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy, safety, and prognostic factors of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with molecular targeted therapy (MTT) and camrelizumab in patients with unresectable recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (urHCC).Methods:Clinical data of 83 patients with urHCC treated at the First Affiliated Hospital of the University of Science and Technology of China between October 2018 and October 2023 were retrospectively analyzed, including 75 males and 8 females, aged (55.2±10.7) years. Among them, 43 patients received TACE combined with MTT and camrelizumab (observation group), while 40 received TACE combined with MTT alone (control group). Kaplan-Meier curves were plotted to compare overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) between the groups. Treatment response was assessed according to the mRECIST criteria, and objective response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR) were compared. Adverse events (AEs) were monitored in both groups.Results:The observation group demonstrated longer median OS (31.8 vs 19.9 months, χ2=11.26, P=0.001) and median PFS (14.5 vs 7.4, months, χ2=4.08, P=0.043) compared to the control group. The ORR and DCR in the observation group were 51.2% (22/43) and 90.1% (39/43), respectively, both higher than those in the control group [25.0% (10/40) and 70.0% (28/40), respectively]. The differences were statistically significant ( χ2=5.99, 5.71; P=0.023, 0.025; respectively). Multivariate Cox analysis showed that different treatment regimens were influencing factors for post-treatment survival in patients with urHCC (control group vs treatment group: HR=2.633, 95% CI: 1.483- 4.677, P<0.001), as well as for PFS (control group vs treatment group: HR=1.781, 95% CI: 1.116-2.842, P=0.015). No treatment-related deaths or unexpected AEs occurred in either group. The most common systemic therapy-related AE was hand-foot syndrome, observed in 15 patients (34.9%, 15/43) in the observation group and 9 (22.5%, 9/40) in the control group ( χ2=1.55, P=0.236). Conclusions:Compared to TACE combined with MTT alone, TACE combined with MTT and camrelizumab demonstrates superior efficacy and acceptable safety in treating unresectable recurrent HCC.