Objective:To develop the Body Image Flexibility Questionnaire for Middle School Students(BIFQ-MS)and test its validity and reliability.Methods:Firstly,the initial questionnaire was developed based on the hexaflex model of psychological flexibility.Secondly,701 middle school students were selected to complete the initial questionnaire for item analysis and exploratory factor analysis.Thirdly,899 middle school students were ex-amined to conduct confirmatory factor analysis,criterion-related validity and internal consistency tests on the formal questionnaire.The Body Image-Acceptance and Action Questionnaire(BI-AAQ),Avoidance and Fusion Question-naire for Youth(AFQ-Y8),Body Areas Satisfaction Scale(BASS),and General Appearance subscale of the Nega-tive Physical Self Scale(NPSS-GA)were used to test criterion validity.In addition,88 middle school students were retested 4 weeks later.Results:The BIFQ-MS consisted of 26 items,including 4 factors(openness to experience,self-as-context,contact with the present moment,and valued action),which explained 65.55％of the total vari-ance.Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the four-factor structural model fitted well(x2/df=2.26,CFI=0.97,TLI=0.97,RMSEA=0.04,SRMR=0.03).The BIFQ-MS total scores and the scores of each factor were positively correlated with the scores of the BI-AAQ and the BASS(r=0.41-0.50,Ps＜0.01),whereas they were negatively correlated with the scores of the NPSS-GA and the AFQ-Y8(r=-0.28--0.58,Ps＜0.01).The Cronbach's α coefficients of the total questionnaire and the 4 factors ranged from 0.91 to 0.97,and the test-retest reliabilities(ICC)ranged from 0.70 to 0.86.Conclusion:The Body Image Flexibility Questionnaire for Middle School Students is a reliable tool for understanding body image flexibility in adolescents.

Objective:To develop the Body Image Flexibility Questionnaire for Middle School Students(BIFQ-MS)and test its validity and reliability.Methods:Firstly,the initial questionnaire was developed based on the hexaflex model of psychological flexibility.Secondly,701 middle school students were selected to complete the initial questionnaire for item analysis and exploratory factor analysis.Thirdly,899 middle school students were ex-amined to conduct confirmatory factor analysis,criterion-related validity and internal consistency tests on the formal questionnaire.The Body Image-Acceptance and Action Questionnaire(BI-AAQ),Avoidance and Fusion Question-naire for Youth(AFQ-Y8),Body Areas Satisfaction Scale(BASS),and General Appearance subscale of the Nega-tive Physical Self Scale(NPSS-GA)were used to test criterion validity.In addition,88 middle school students were retested 4 weeks later.Results:The BIFQ-MS consisted of 26 items,including 4 factors(openness to experience,self-as-context,contact with the present moment,and valued action),which explained 65.55％of the total vari-ance.Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the four-factor structural model fitted well(x2/df=2.26,CFI=0.97,TLI=0.97,RMSEA=0.04,SRMR=0.03).The BIFQ-MS total scores and the scores of each factor were positively correlated with the scores of the BI-AAQ and the BASS(r=0.41-0.50,Ps＜0.01),whereas they were negatively correlated with the scores of the NPSS-GA and the AFQ-Y8(r=-0.28--0.58,Ps＜0.01).The Cronbach's α coefficients of the total questionnaire and the 4 factors ranged from 0.91 to 0.97,and the test-retest reliabilities(ICC)ranged from 0.70 to 0.86.Conclusion:The Body Image Flexibility Questionnaire for Middle School Students is a reliable tool for understanding body image flexibility in adolescents.

Aim To study the ability of tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) on promoting neurogenesis in neural stem cell microenvironment after oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) injury in vitro. Methods Neural stem cells (NSCs), astrocytes (ACs) and cerebral microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) were respectively extracted and separated to establish a co-culture system. The OGD modeling conditions were optimized by NSCs activity, and the concentration of TMP was optimized by Nissl staining. Then CCK-8 and Nestin

Objective To compare the effect of three β-thalassemia prenatal screening strategies in Guangdong province. Methods A total of 13 284 hospital-delivered couples and 13 369 newborns were recruited from 91 hospitals in 21 counties or districts of Guangdong province from June to December 2012. Mean cell volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and hemoglobin A2 (Hb A2) were tested for all the couples, and all the couples and newborns were detected by 17 types ofβ-globin gene mutations. The effect of three β-thalassemia prenatal screening strategies were compared as following:(1) MCV/MCH with Hb A2 serial screening(SS):Hb A2 was tested if the woman′s MCV<82 fl and(or)MCH<27 pg. If the woman′s Hb A2>3.5, it meant positive. And if the woman wasβ-thalassemia carrier and her husband′s Hb A2>3.5, it meant couple positive. (2) MCV/MCH with Hb A2 parallel screening(PS):if the woman′s MCV<82 fl and (or) MCH<27 pg and(or) Hb A2>3.5 pg, it meant couple positive. And the husband would be tested forβ-globin gene mutations if the woman was β-thalassemia carrier. (3) MCV/MCH with Hb A2 serial screening for couples(SSC):if one of the couple or both of them had MCV<82 fl and(or) MCH<27 pg, the couple would be tested for Hb A2, and if one of the couple got Hb A2>3.5, it meant couple positive. Results (1) For the SS strategy, the sensitivity was 92.69%(583/629);the specificity was 99.87%(12 638/12 655); the positive predictive value was 97.17%(583/600);and the negative predictive value was 99.64%(12 638/12 684). The results ofβ-globin gene mutations tested showed that the rate ofβ-thalassemia carriers was 4.74%(629/13 284) in the 13 284 pregnant women, and it was 4.29%(570/13 284) in their husbands. (2) The SS strategy detected 27 (0.20%,27/13 284) β-thalassemia carrier couples. For the SS strategy detecting β-thalassemia carrier couples, the missed diagnosis rate was 11.11%(3/27);the sensitivity was 88.89%(24/27);the specificity was 100.00%(27/27); the positive predictive value was 100.00%(24/24); and the negative predictive value was 99.98%(13 257/13 260). (3) When using the SS strategy for 13 369 offsprings, there were 582β-thalassemia carriers (4.35%,582/13 369), including 578 (99.31%,578/582) minorβ-thalassemia, 3 (0.52%,3/582) intermediaβ-thalassemia and 1 (0.17%,1/582) major β-thalassemia. The SS strategy detected 25 fetuses who neededβ-thalassemia prenatal diagnosis. (4) For the PS strategy, the sensitivity was 98.09%(617/629); the specificity was 88.73%(11 229/12 655); the positive predictive value was 30.20%(617/2 043); and the negative predictive value was 99.89%(11 229/11 241). (5) When using the PS strategy for theβ-thalassemia carrier couples, the sensitivity was 100.00%(27/27);the specificity was 95.55%(12 667/13 257);the positive predictive value was 4.38%(27/617);and the negative predictive value was 100.0%(12 667/12 667). (6) The PS strategy detected 28 fetuses who needed β-thalassemia prenatal diagnosis in 13 369 offsprings. (7) For the SSC strategy, the sensitivity was 93.80%(590/629); the specificity was 95.75%(12 117/12 655); the positive predictive value was 52.30%(590/1 128); and the negative predictive value was 99.68%(12 117/12 156). When the SSC strategy was used for the husbands, the sensitivity was 92.28%(526/570); the specificity was 95.27%(12 112/12 714);the positive predictive value was 46.63%(526/1 128); and the negative predictive value was 99.64%(12 112/12 156). (8) When the SSC strategy was used inβ-thalassemia carrier couples, the sensitivity was 100.00%(27/27);the specificity was 91.69%(12 156/13 257);the positive predictive value was 2.39%(27/1 128);and the negative predictive value was 100.00%(12 156/12 156). (9) The SSC strategy detected 28 fetuses who neededβ-thalassemia prenatal diagnosis. Conclusions All the three β-thalassemia prenatal screening strategies had good effect in clinical practice and public health. While in the high-prone area of β-thalassemia, MCV/MCH with Hb A2 parallel screening and MCV/MCH with Hb A2 serial screening for couples stratigies were better.

Objective To compare the effect and cost of three different α-thalassemia prenatal screening strategies used in Guangdong, China, and to provide evidence for α-thalassemia prevention. Methods In total, 13 284 hospital-delivery couples and 13 369 newborns/fetuses (offspring) from 21 counties or districts of Guangdong Province were included in this study, who were treated from June to December 2012. Mean cell volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and hemoglobin A2 (Hb A2) were detected in the couples, and 6 types ofα-globin gene mutations were found in all couples and newborns. The strategies were MCV/MCH and serum Hb A2 (protocolⅠ) or parallel screening based on pregnant women (protocolⅡ), and serum screening based on couples (protocolⅢ). The validity and reliability of the three strategies were then compared using the Chi-square test. Results The sensitivity and the specificity of pregnant women who wereα-thalassemia carriers in protocolⅠwere 74.82%(1 352/1 807) and 74.11%(8 506/11 477), and were 89.82%(1 623/1 807) and 48.60%(5 578/11 477) in protocol Ⅱ , respectively. And 1.67% (221/13 284) couples were bothα-thalassemia carriers by the gene test. The rate of missed diagnosis in bothα-thalassemia carrier couples in protocolsⅠ,ⅡandⅢwas 50.68%(112/221), 11.76%(26/221) and 11.31%(25/221), respectively. In couples who needed prenatal diagnosis, the rates of missed diagnosis, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 17.46%(11/63), 82.54%(52/63),98.35%(13 003/13 221), 19.26%(52/270) and 99.92%(13 003/13 014) in protocolⅠ;4.76%(3/63), 95.24%(60/63), 88.18%(11 658/13 221), 3.70%(60/1 623) and 99.97%(11 658/11 661) in protocolⅡ;and 3.17%(2/63), 96.83%(61/63), 59.31%(7 842/13 221), 1.12%(61/5 440) and 99.97%(7 842/7 844) in protocol Ⅲ , respectively. The diagnosis of severeα-thalassemia was not missed in all three screening strategies. The mean cost of protocols Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ for detecting a couple who needed prenatal diagnosis was 37 049.23, 50 836.00 and 40 321.64 RMB, respectively. Conclusions The three screening protocols have good efficiency in screening forα-thalassemia. However, protocolsⅡandⅢare preferred when financial conditions permit.

Objective To determine the prevalence of mortality and respiratory support therapy evolved for severe respiratory failure in pediatric intensive care units(PICU)in China. Method Two sessions of prospective, multicentric, and descriptively epidemiological survey of acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS)was carried out in year 2004 and 2006,and survey of alveolar hypoventilation respiratory failure(AHRF)in 2006 by 20 PICUs in China. Data about severity, outcome and respiratory therapy of critically ill patients, as well as PICU facilities were documented prospectively. PICU facilities, patients' mortality and respiratory therapy in different years were compared. Mortality risk factors were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression. Results Compared with those data in year 2004,the number of PICU bed and ventilator increased in year 2006.But,there was no increase in area per bed in year 2006.Proportion of critically ill patients in 2006 was significantly higher than that in 2004(69.0%vs.57.5%,x2=318,P<0.01).There were no significant difference in mortalities of critically ill patients between these two years. According to multivariate regression analysis, mortality was lowered in PICU with increase in heavy working load of physicians, evidenced by linear trend test P=0.013.Mortality of ARDS in year 2006 was significantly lower than that in 2004(39.7%vs 55.8%,x2=6.59,P<0.01).Whereas there was no significant difference in ventilation mode,tidal volume and airway pressure level for ventilated patients between two years.Conclusions With increasing the capacity of PICU there was a significant improvement of treatment as reflected by outcome of ARDS.Mortality of PICU patients was inversely correlated to the working load done by physicians.

Object Through performing the service satisfaction survey,to learn their interest claim and discover the service defects ,so as to provide advice and countermeasures.Method Using field survey methods and statistics analysis to study.Result The satisfaction of relatives of pediatric patients at the level of "relatively good" and "good" is about 60% both in medical treatment environment and equipment ,over 70% in medical treatment effect,doctor capacity,nursing capacity and overall assessment,but only 5.1% in medical expenses.Conclusion Relatives of pediatric patients have high satisfaction in treatment capability of medical staff,medical treatment effect as well as overall assessment ,normal satisfaction in medical environment and equipment,but lowest satisfaction in medical expenses,and the satisfaction in tertiary hospital is not high.Relatives in some districts demand much in some aspects,such as improving hospital environment,attaching importance to ward hygiene ,improving service attitude,and providing single ward ect.