The rapid emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants that evade immunity elicited by vaccination has posed a global challenge to the control of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Therefore, developing countermeasures that broadly protect against SARS-CoV-2 and related sarbecoviruses is essential. Herein, we have developed a lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-encapsulated mRNA (mRNA-LNP) encoding the full-length Spike (S) glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 (termed RG001), which confers complete protection in a non-human primate model. Intramuscular immunization of two doses of RG001 in Rhesus monkey elicited robust neutralizing antibodies and cellular response against SARS-CoV-2 variants, resulting in significantly protected SARS-CoV-2-infected animals from acute lung lesions and complete inhibition of viral replication in all animals immunized with low or high doses of RG001. More importantly, the third dose of RG001 vaccination elicited effective neutralizing antibodies against current epidemic XBB and JN.1 strains and similar cellular response against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants (BA.1, XBB.1.16, and JN.1) were observed in immunized mice. All these results together strongly support the great potential of RG001 in preventing the infection of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs).

Senile chronic heart failure(CHF)complicated with sarcopenia can further degrade patients'quality of life,and increase the occurrence of falls,disability and mortality.Currently,western medicine preventive and treatment for sarcopenia mainly depend on nutritional support and exercise therapy,but their efficacy remained uncertain.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)therapy has the advantages of holism and syndrome differentiation and treatment,and its application in senile CHF complicated with sarcopenia is worthy of further exploration.This paper sorted out the relevant statements in the Treatise on Exogenous Febrile and Miscellaneous Diseases,and concluded that the clinical manifestations of senile CHF complicated with sarcopenia are similar to those of heart water and consumptive disease in the Treatise on Exogenous Febrile and Miscellaneous Diseases.The statements in Treatise on Exogenous Febrile and Miscellaneous Diseases will guide the identification of etiology and pathogenesis as well as the diagnosis and treatment for senile CHF complicated with sarcopenia.The analysis of the pathogenesis indicated that heart water and consumptive disease were induced by deficiency of heart and spleen and kidney,five kinds of overstrain and seven types of impairment,water pathogen insulting heart,and internal stagnation of blood stasis.Therefore,it is proposed that the core pathogenesis of senile CHF complicated with sarcopenia is due to the deficiency of heart,spleen and kidney yang,and water blended with blood stasis.The classical prescriptions such as Ling Gui Zhu Gan Tang,Zhenwu Tang,Sini Tang,Shenqi Pills,Jianzhong Tang and Wuling Powder can be used by modification or combination based on syndrome differentiation in treating senile CHF complicated with sarcopenia.For both of the congenital and acquired origin(spleen and kidney)of elderly patients with CHF complicated with sarcopenia are deficient,the utilization of herbs for invigorating spleen and boosting kidney on the basis of syndrome differentiation may achieve good efficacy.

Objective To analyze the correlation between venous thromboembolism(VTE)and traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)constitution types in elderly frail patients.Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 1 428 elderly frail patients admitted to the Second Comprehensive Department of Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine from January 2019 to June 2023.Patients were divided into a venous thrombsis(VT)group(n=187)and a non-VT group(n=1 241)based on VTE occurrence.Baseline data,including age distribution,Padua scores,Wells scores,and TCM constitution types,were compared between the two groups.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors for influencing VTE in elderly frail patients.Results(1)Compared with the non-VT group,the VT group had significantly higher total hospitalization costs,length of stay,age,Fried scores,Padua scores,and Wells scores,with statistically significance(P＜0.001).(2)Compared with the non-VT group,the VT group had a higher proportion of high VTE-risk individuals and those with Wells scores of 2 points,with statistically significance(P＜0.001).(3)The age distribution of VTE patients showed an increasing trend in the age groups of 60-69,70-79,80-89,and ≥90-year-old,with a significant difference compared to the non-VT group(P＜0.001).(4)The VT group had a higher proportion of qi-deficiency,blood-stasis,and qi-depression constitutions than the non-VT group(P＜0.05 or P＜0.001).(5)Multivariate logistic regression analysis(after adjusting age,gender,frailty,and other scores)showed that qi-deficiency and yang-deficiency constitutions were non-susceptible,while damp-heat,blood-stasis,and qi-depression constitutions were susceptible to VTE in elderly frail patients(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Conclusion VTE in elderly frail patients is significantly correlated with TCM constitution types.Deviated constitutions are characteristic of TCM constitution types in elderly frail patients,and damp-heat,blood-stasis,and qi-depression constitutions are risk factors for VTE in this population.

Objective To quantitatively measure the morphological parameters of type Ⅱ accessory navicular(AN)in CT images and analyze the mechanical changes in the foot caused by painful type Ⅱ AN.Methods The CT images of 51 patients with type Ⅱ AN were analyzed retrospectively;According to whether the medial foot was painful,we divided the data into two groups,including the pain type Ⅱ AN group(case group)and the non-pain type Ⅱ AN group(control group).The measured data included the navicular and medial joint space(MeJS),middle joint space(MiJS),lateral joint space(LJS),talar-accessory navicular distance(TAND),the maximum diameter(MaD)and minimum diameter(MiD)of AN,and the difference of the relevant data using independent sample t-test was measured.Results Compared with the control group,the MeJS,MiJS,and LJS in the case group showed that the joint space of painful type Ⅱ AN was widened,and there was a significant difference(P＜0.05).Compared with the control group,the TAND,MaD,and MiD of the case group had no significant change,and there was no significant difference(P＞0.05).Conclusion In pain-ful type Ⅱ AN foot,the posterior tibial tendon(PTT)is attached to AN,which destroys the balance of force on the foot,resulting in the widening of the distance between the navicular and AN.

Objective:This study evaluates the performance of chemiluminescence assay, which is designed to detect Hepatitis D Virus (HDV) Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies.Methods:A comparative analysis was conducted among chemiluminescence anti-HDV IgG reagent, the magnetic particle-based domestic reagent A and domestic reagent B, and the Robo Gene HDV RNA kit, using 1909 HBsAg-positive plasma samples. This comparison aimed to delineate clinical specificity and detection accuracy. The anti-HDV IgG reagent precision was assessed at three different concentration levels following the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute EP5-A2 guidelines. The specificity of the assay was validated using 200 HAV IgM positive, 545 HBsAg-positive but anti-HDV IgG-negative, 350 anti HCV positive plasma samples and 200 healthy human blood samples. Additionally, a concordance study was conducted with 545 HBsAg-positive and 37 anti-HDV IgG-positive plasma samples, comparing the anti-HDV IgG reagent against reagent A.Results:1 909 HBsAg-positive plasma samples were tested using 3 anti HDV IgG reagent and 1 HDV RNA reagent, 19 samples were identified as anti-HDV IgG-positive. The anti-HDV IgG demonstrated superior accuracy and specificity. The assay exhibited excellent precision, with intra-assay coefficient of variation (CV) values ranging from 1.57% to 4.30%, and inter-assay CV values between 1.71% and 4.67% for detecting samples at high, medium, and low concentration levels. Concordance with Reagent A showed consistent results in both positive and negative detections.Conclusion:In this study, the anti-HDV IgG reagent (chemiluminescence method) displayed outstanding specificity in detecting clinical samples and exhibited a high conformity rate with commercialized reagents, making it potentially suitable for screening anti-HDV IgG in HBsAg-positive samples.

Objective:This study aims to evaluate the quality and explore the preliminary clinical applications of a domestically developed hepatitis D virus nucleic acid quantification reagent (abbreviated as"domestic HDV RNA reagent").Methods:The sensitivity and accuracy of the reagent were evaluated in accordance with the WHO HDV RNA international standard, employing the Bio-Rad CFX Opus 96 real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR analysis system. Serial dilutions of pseudo-viruses or cell culture-derived virus were used to determine the linear range of the domestic HDV RNA reagent. Specificity was assessed using positive samples of HAV, HBV, HCV infection, and HEV national reference materials. Precision was evaluated with samples at both high and low concentrations. In a comparative analysis, 30 HDV IgG positive samples were tested using both the domestic HDV RNA reagent and the RoboGene HDV RNA kit based on the ABI 7500 FAST DX system. The Pearson correlation coefficient (r) was used to examine the correlation between the two reagents.Results:The domestic HDV RNA reagent demonstrated a high sensitivity of up to 6 IU/ml, consistent with that of the comparator reagent. The calibration curve for WHO HDV RNA standards had a slope of -3.286, with an amplification efficiency of 101.6%. The linear detection range spanned from 10 to 10 8 IU/ml for eight HDV genotypes. The domestic HDV RNA reagent exhibited exceptional specificity, without cross-reactivity observed with HAV, HBV, HCV, or HEV. Accuracy assessments at five concentration levels met the required standards, with intra-assay precision coefficient of variation ( CV) ranging from 1.20% to 4.20%, and inter-assay precision CV from 1.20% to 7.90%. The detection results for HDV IgG positive samples were highly correlated with the comparator reagent ( r=0.984, P<0.001), achieving a diagnostic accuracy of 100% compared to sequencing results. Conclusion:In this study, the domestic HDV RNA reagent possesses excellent specificity, accuracy, precision, and a broad linear range, attaining a sensitivity level on par with international reagents of the same type.

ObjectiveTo investigate the association between cumulative triglyceride （cumTG） exposure and the risk of acute pancreatitis （AP）. MethodsA prospective study was conducted for a cohort of 56 883 workers from Kailuan Group who participated in annual physical examination for three consecutive times in 2006-2010 （2006， 2008， and 2010） and had complete TG data without the medical history of AP. According to the quartiles of cumTG calculated， the subjects were divided into four groups （Q1， Q2， Q3， and Q4 groups）， and general information was compared between the two groups. A one-way analysis of variance was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between multiple groups， and the Kruskal-Wallis H test was used for comparison of continuous data with skewed distribution between multiple groups； the chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to plot the survival curve and calculate the cumulative incidence rate of AP， and the Log-rank test was used for comparison between groups； the Cox regression model was used to analyze the effect of different cumTG levels on new-onset AP events. ResultsAfter follow-up for 10.51±1.76 years， there were 158 AP events in total， with a total incidence density of 2.64 per 10 000 person-years， and the number of cases and incidence density in the Q1， Q2， Q3， and Q4 groups were 29 cases （1.93 per 10 000 person-years）， 34 cases （2.27 per 10 000 person-years）， 30 cases （2.01 per 10 000 person-years）， and 65 cases （4.37 per 10 000 person-years）. The Log-rank test showed that there was a significant difference in cumulative incidence rate between groups （χ²=22.41， P<0.001）. The multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that compared with the Q1 group， the Q4 group had a significantly higher risk of AP （hazard ratio ［HR］=1.94， 95% confidence interval ［CI］： 1.20‍ ‍—‍ 3.13， P=0.01）. Compared with cumulative triglyceride exposure for 0 year， cumulative triglyceride exposure for 4 and 6 years significantly increased the risk of AP， with an HR value of 2.04 （95%CI： 1.26‍ ‍—‍ 3.30， P<0.01） and 3.20 （95%CI： 1.98‍ ‍—‍ 5.17， P<0.01）， respectively. After exclusion of the AP cases that occurred during the 2-year follow-up， the repeated multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the Q4 group had an HR value of 1.96 （95%CI： 1.23‍ ‍—‍ 3.12， P<0.01） for the onset of AP， and after exclusion of the death cases during follow-up， the repeated multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the Q4 group had an HR value of 1.85 （95%CI： 1.10‍ ‍—‍ 3.14， P<0.05） for the onset of AP. ConclusionThe incidence rate and risk of AP tend to increase with the increase in cumTG exposure.