Psoriasis is a common chronic inflammatory systemic disease in dermatology. Its high prevalence， recurrence rate， and numerous comorbidities impose a significant physical and mental burden on patients. With the continuous advancement of modern medicine， the emergence of biological agents has improved clinical efficacy， making it possible to overcome psoriasis， in addition to classical treatments. However， in clinical practice， adverse reactions， drug resistance， recurrence rates， and immune drift cannot be ignored. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） has a history of thousands of years in treating psoriasis， demonstrating good efficacy， high safety， and a low recurrence rate， but a standardized management system is lacking. Therefore， the 25^th Clinical Diseases Responding Specially to TCM Treatment Series （Psoriasis） Youth Salon， hosted by the Chinese Association of Chinese Medicine and organized by the Youth Committee of the Chinese Association of Chinese Medicine， invited 29 experts and scholars from TCM， Western medicine， and interdisciplinary fields to actively discuss the "Advantages， Challenges， and Clinical Transformation of TCM and Western Medicine in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Psoriasis". The experts at the meeting concluded that the advantages of TCM in the treatment of psoriasis are as follows. Firstly， in the TCM-led treatment plan， TCM's understanding of psoriasis follows the principle of combining the differentiation of disease and syndrome. This approach distinguishes the basic contradiction from the current main contradiction and enables a clear grasp of the dynamic process of psoriasis development. Based on the system of syndrome differentiation and treatment， TCM intervention is applied to address the current main contradiction， and the optimal TCM treatment plan is formulated by combining internal and external treatments. Adhering to the principle of "what is visible outside must be addressed inside"， TCM can prevent and treat psoriasis comorbidities early by differentiating syndrome types. Secondly， in the integrated TCM and Western medicine treatment plan， the combination of both methods not only enhances efficacy but also reduces the adverse reactions of immunosuppressants and biological agents， lowering the recurrence rate. This conference provides a reference for the diagnosis and treatment of psoriasis using TCM and integrated TCM and Western medicine， opening up new ideas for clinical and basic research and guiding future research directions.

Objective To explore the application of plasma 7 microRNA (miR7) testing in the differential diagnosis of very early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods This study is a multicenter real-world study. Patients with single hepatic lesion (maximum diameter≤2 cm) who underwent plasma miR7 testing at Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Anhui Provincial Hospital, and Peking University People’s Hospital between January 2019 and December 2024 were retrospectively enrolled. Patients were divided into very early-stage HCC group and non-HCC group, and the clinical pathological characteristics of the two groups were compared. The value of plasma miR7 levels, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), and des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin (DCP) in the differential diagnosis of very early-stage HCC was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and area under the curve (AUC). In patients with both negative AFP and DCP (AFP＜20 ng/mL, DCP＜40 mAU/mL), the diagnostic value of plasma miR7 for very early-stage HCC was analyzed. Results A total of 64 528 patients from 4 hospitals underwent miR7 testing, and 1 682 were finally included, of which 1 073 were diagnosed with very early-stage HCC and 609 were diagnosed with non-HCC. The positive rate of miR7 in HCC patients was significantly higher than that in non-HCC patients (67.9% vs 24.3%, P＜0.001). ROC curves showed that the AUCs for miR7, AFP, and DCP in distinguishing HCC patients from the non-HCC individuals were 0.718, 0.682, and 0.642, respectively. The sensitivities were 67.85%, 43.71%, and 44.45%, and the specificities were 75.70%, 92.78%, and 83.91%, respectively. The pairwise comparison of AUCs showed that the diagnostic efficacy of plasma miR7 detection was significantly better than that of AFP or DCP (P＜0.05). Although its specificity was slightly lower than AFP and DCP, the sensitivity was significantly higher. Among patients negative for both AFP and DCP, miR7 maintained an AUC of 0.728 for diagnosing very early-stage HCC, with 67.82% sensitivity and 77.73% specificity. Conclusions Plasma miR7 testing is a potential molecular marker with high sensitivity and specificity for the differential diagnosis of small hepatic nodules. In patients with very early-stage HCC lacking effective molecular markers (negative for both AFP and DCP), miR7 can serve as a novel and effective molecular marker to assist diagnosis.

ObjectiveTo explore the effects of the Tai Chi training on bone density， bone turnover markers， and heart rate variability for people with high-risk osteoporosis， and to provide evidence for the prevention of osteoporosis at early stage. MethodsSixty-six cases of people with high risk of osteoporosis were included， and they were divided into 33 cases each in the intervention group and the control group using the random number table method. The control group received osteoporosis health education three times a week， and the intervention group received Tai Chi training under the guidance of a trainer three times a week for 40 mins each time on the basis of the control group， and both groups were intervened for 12 weeks. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to measure the bone density of L₁~L₄ vertebrae， bilateral femoral necks and bilateral total hips in the two groups before and after the intervention； enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine bone turnover markers before and after the intervention， including pro-collagen type Ⅰ pro-amino-terminal prepropyl peptide （P1NP） and β-collagen type Ⅰ cross-linking carboxy-terminal peptide （β-CTX）. Seven cases with good compliance in the intervention group were selected. After wearing the heart rate sensor， they successively performed Tai Chi training and walking activities recommended by the guideline for 20 mins each， and the heart rate variability （HRV） during exercise was collected， including time-domain indexes such as standard deviation of normal sinus intervals （SDNN）， root-mean-square of the difference between adjacent RR intervals （RMSSD）， frequency-domain metrics such as low-frequency power （LF）， high-frequency power （HF）， and low-frequency/high-frequency power ratio （LF/HF）， as well as nonlinear metrics such as approximate entropy （ApEn）， sample entropy （SampEn）. ResultsFinally， 63 cases were included in the outcome analysis， including 30 cases in the intervention group and 33 cases in the control group. After the intervention， the differences of L₁~L₄ vertebrae， bone density of bilateral femoral neck and bilateral total hip in the intervention group were not statistically significant when compared with those before intervention （P＞0.05）， while the bone density of all parts of the control group decreased significantly compared with that before intervention （P＜0.05）， and the difference in the bone density of the L₁~L₄ vertebrae， bilateral femoral neck， and the right total hip before and after the intervention of the intervention group was smaller than that of the control group （P＜0.05）. The differences in P1NP and β-CTX between groups before and after intervention was not statistically significant （P＞0.05）. Compared with walking exercise， LF decreased， HF increased and LF/HF decreased during Tai Chi exercise （P＜0.05）； the time domain indexes and non-linear indexes between groups had no statistically significant difference （P＞0.05）. ConclusionTai Chi exercise can maintain lumbar， hip， and femoral bone density and improve sympathetic/parasympathetic balance in people at high risk for osteoporosis， but cannot significantly improve bone turnover markers.

To implement the Opinions of the State Council of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Promoting the Inheritance and Innovative Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine， delve into the diseases specifically responding to traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， and serve the building of advantageous specialties， clinical talent cultivation， national research layout， and academic innovation， the Chinese Association of Chinese Medicine sponsored the salons in multiple fields to discuss the diseases specifically responding to TCM. On August 26， 2023， the 25^th salon on the diseases specifically responding to TCM was held in Shanghai. In view of the advantages of TCM and integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine in the diagnosis and treatment of psoriasis， Chinese and western medicine experts and interdisciplinary researchers carried out extensive and in-depth discussions and formed specific suggestions and consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of psoriasis with TCM and integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine. However， there was still a lack of detailed research path. Under the guidance of the Chinese Association of Chinese Medicine， this paper analyzes the problems in the diagnosis and treatment of psoriasis from the occurrence and development of psoriasis. According to the advantages and characteristics of TCM and integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine in the diagnosis and treatment of psoriasis， this paper puts forward the main points of research layout for psoriasis from the three aspects of psoriasis diagnosis and treatment， comorbidity prevention， and chronic disease management as follows： ① optimization of the syndrome differentiation system for psoriasis， ② optimization of assessment indicators for psoriasis， ③ recurrence mechanisms of psoriasis， ④ construction and research of TCM prevention and treatment of psoriasis recurrence， ⑤ construction of the comorbidity spectrum and TCM theoretical system of psoriasis， ⑥ comorbidity mechanisms of psoriasis. Furthermore， this article proposed the research layout and directions， expected goals and values， and funding priorities. Therefore， on the basis of the series of salons about psoriasis as a disease specifically responding to TCM， this article puts forward the research paradigm of psoriasis， aiming to facilitate the high-quality development of TCM and provide reference for the national research layout， the research and development of new TCM preparations， the selection of research topics， and the formulation of guidelines and consensus.

This study analyzes the global patents development and clinical applications of photon counting CT (PCCT) technology in the past 20 years, including the trends of global patent application, the patent portfolio planning, key innovations and technological evolution of top medical device companies. The study utilizes patent retrievals in incoPat database, and then carries out patent navigation analysis. At the same time, with reports of clinical trials and research, the advantages and prospects of PCCT in clinical diagnosis are sorted out. With the rapid growth of the number of patent applications for PCCT, the technologies and clinical trials are becoming increasingly mature. It is expected that in the next few years, more PCCT products will be launched to the market, bringing a more accurate and safe diagnostic experience to radiologists and patients.
Patents as Topic ; Photons ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Humans

Booster vaccinations are highly recommended in combating the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant and its subvariants. However, the optimal booster vaccination strategies and related immune mechanisms with different prior vaccinations are under-revealed. In this study, we systematically evaluated the immune responses in mice and hamsters with different prime-boost regimens before their protective efficacies against Omicron were detected. We found that boosting with Ad5-nCoV, S_WT-2P or S_Omicron-6P induced significantly higher levels of neutralization activities against Omicron variants than CoronaVac and ZF2001 by eliciting stronger germinal center (GC) responses. Specifically, S_Omicron-6P induced even stronger antibody responses against Omicron variants in CoronaVac and Ad5-nCoV-primed animals than non-Omicron-specific vaccines but with limited differences as compared to Ad5-nCoV and S_WT-2P. In addition, boosting with a specific vaccine has the potential to remodel the existing immune profiles. These findings indicated that adenovirus-vectored vaccines and mRNA vaccines would be more effective than other types of vaccines as booster shots in combating Omicron infections. Moreover, the protective efficacies of the vaccines in booster vaccinations are highly related to GC reactions in secondary lymphatic organs. In summary, these findings provide timely important information on prime-boost regimens and future vaccine design.

Objective To explore the mechanism of electroacupuncture in improving lipid metabolism in polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)based on metabolomics combined with transcriptomics.Methods Eight-een SD rats were divided into the control group,the PCOS group and the electroacupuncture group,with 6 rats in each group.The PCOS group and the electroacupuncture group used intragastric letrozole to establish the PCOS model.After the model was established,the electroacupuncture group was intervened with electroacu-puncture,while the control group was only given sodium carboxymethyl cellulose by gavage.Observed the changes in body weight and estrous cycle of the three groups,detected the sex hormones,blood lipids,liver function,ovarian morphology,plasma metabolism and liver function indicators of the three groups.Metabolo-mics was used to analyze the differences in metabolites in plasma,the differences in gene expression in the liv-er were detected by RT-qPCR.Results Weight gain and estrous cycle disorder occurred in the PCOS group,and the ovarian morphology showed a thinning of the granulosa cell layer,with a significant reduction in the number of corpus luteum and mature follicles.Meanwhile,sex hormones were abnormal(total testosterone and androgen levels were increased,estradiol and progesterone levels were decreased),dyslipidemia occurred(TC,TG,LDL-C were increased,HDL-C level was decreased),and liver function was abnormal(AST,total protein,ALB,TBIL were increased).The electroacupuncture group significantly reduced weight.It improved the estrous cycle,and the granulosa cell layer of the ovary thickened,with a significant increasing in the num-ber of corpus luteum and mature follicles.Meanwhile,sex hormone levels were improved(androgen and total testosterone levels were decreased,estradiol level was increased),lipid balance(TC,TG,LDL-C levels were reduced,HDL-C level was increased)and liver function(AST,total protein,ALB,and TBIL levels were de-creased)was restored.Transcriptomics suggested that electroacupuncture down-regulated the expression of cytochrome P450(CYPs)family genes related to steroid hormones and lipid metabolism,and the results were confirmed by RT-qPCR.Combined omics analysis revealed that electroacupuncture might mainly exert its effect on improving lipid metabolism disorders in PCOS rats through the linoleic acid metabolic pathway.Con-clusion Electroacupuncture can regulate lipid metabolism in rats with PCOS.

Objective To explore the relationship between systemic immune-inflammation index(SII),red blood cell distribution width(RDW),25-hydroxy-vitamin-D[25(OH)D]levels and frailty index in elderly pa-tients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods A total of 197 elderly patients with T2DM admitted to the hospital from March 2023 to March 2024 were collected as the research subjects.The patients were divided into the frailty group(106 cases)and the non-frailty group(91 cases)according to the scores of the clinical frailty scale.The clinical data and the levels of SII,RDW and 25(OH)D of the two groups were compared.Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlations between the levels of SII,RDW and 25(OH)D and the frailty index of elderly patients with T2DM.Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of frailty in elderly patients with T2DM.Results Compared with the non-frailty group,the proportion of women,the history of falls within 1 year,and the age of the frailty group increased,while the body mass in-dex and the proportion of men decreased,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).The SII and RDW levels in the non-frailty group were lower than those in the frailty group,and the 25(OH)D level was higher than that in the frailty group,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed that SII and RDW levels were positively correlated with frailty index,and 25(OH)D level was negatively correlated with frailty index in elderly T2DM patients(P＜0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that female,age ≥ 74.25 years old,SII≥ 938.36,RDW≥ 15.19％,and 25(OH)D≥48.42 nmol/L were independent risk factors for frailty in elderly T2DM patients(P＜0.05).Conclusion The levels of SII,RDW and 25(OH)D in elderly patients with T2DM are related to the frailty index.