In recent decades,the incidence of human papillomavirus(HPV)-associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma(OPSCC)has shown a marked increase.Significant changes have also occurred in the OPSCC diagnosis and treatment paradigm.Deter-mining HPV status prior to treatment is now essential,and radiotherapy/chemotherapy,immunotherapy,and minimally invasive surgical techniques have progressively emerged as key modalities for managing OPSCC.However,alongside these paradigm shifts,a comprehen-sive technical consensus guiding the entire diagnostic and therapeutic process for OPSCC patients is currently lacking.Given China's large population base and the rising incidence of OPSCC,an expert panel convened to develop a clinical technical consensus on OPSCC diagno-sis and management tailored to China's specific context.This consensus aims to further enhance and standardize understanding of OPSCC management techniques among relevant healthcare professionals.

Objective To explore the effect of phloretin on the proliferation,apoptosis,and tumorigenicity of ovarian cancer cells by regu-lating the Rac1/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway.Methods The ovarian cancer cell line SKOV3 and the human normal ovarian epithelial cell line IOSE-80 were divided into the following groups:control,low-dose phloretin,medium-dose phloretin,high-dose phloretin,PM A,and high-dose phloretin+PMA.Morphological changes were observed under a microscope.Cell viability and apoptosis were assessed using the CCK-8 assay,colony formation assay,and flow cytometry.Western blotting was performed to detect the expression of proteins related to the Rac1/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway.Tumor-bearing nude mice were established,tumor weights were measured,and the expres-sion levels of Rae1 and Akt in tumor tissues were analyzed.Results Compared with the control group,SKOV3 cells treated with low-,medium-,and high-dose phloretin showed reduced survival rate,colony formation,and expression of p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65,p-Akt/Akt,and Rac 1 in a dose-dependent manner.However,PM A reversed the inhibitory effects of high-dose phloretin on the malignant progression of ovarian cancer.In vivo experiments demonstrated that phloretin significantly inhibited tumor growth and reduced Akt and Rae1 expres-sion in tumor tissues(P＜0.05).Conclusion Phloretin suppresses the malignant progression of ovarian cancer by inhibiting the Rae1/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Objective:To survey the relationship among parents'rearing style,family conformity and obsess-ive-compulsive symptoms in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder(OCD).Methods:Totally 216 patients di-agnosed with OCD were recruited(59 cases of mild obsessive-compulsive symptoms,121 cases of moderate obsess-ive-compulsive symptoms,36 cases of severe obsessive-compulsive symptoms).They were assessed with the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Scale(Y-BOCS),Egma Minnen av Bardndosna Uppforstran(EMBU),and Family Accommodation Scale for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder-Patient Version(FAS-PV).Results:The severe obsessive-compulsive symptom group had the lowest positive parenting style scores.Conversely,they had the high-est negative parental rearing scores and total FAS-PV scores(Ps＜0.01).The ordered logistic regression results showed that male patients had less severe obsessive-compulsive symptoms(OR=0.22).Patients with lower years of education(OR=0.87)and positive parental rearing scores(OR=0.98,0.97)had more severe obsessive-com-pulsive symptoms.Conversely,higher negative paternal rearing scores(OR=1.02)and total FAS-PV scores(OR=1.04)were associated with more severe obsessive-compulsive symptoms.Conclusion:This study suggests that the severity of obsessive-compulsive symptoms is related to parental rearing style and family accommodation.Patients with severe obsessive-compulsive symptoms are more likely to feel negative paternal rearing style and higher level of family compliance,and less likely to feel positive parental rearing style.

Oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma(OPSCC)is a malignant tumor originating from the squamous epithelium of the oro-pharyngeal mucosa,accounting for more than 90％of oropharyngeal malignancies.In recent years,human papillomavirus(HPV)infec-tion has become one of the primary etiological factors of oropharyngeal squamous carcinoma.The incidence of HPV-associated oropharyn-geal squamous carcinoma has been rising annually,with a noticeable trend toward younger populations,posing a significant threat to hu-man health.Due to the distinct biological behavior and clinical characteristics of HPV-associated oropharyngeal squamous carcinoma com-pared to its non-HPV-related counterpart,the diagnostic and treatment strategies for oropharyngeal squamous carcinoma have undergone substantial changes.Prevention and screening for oropharyngeal squamous carcinoma are of critical importance.The diagnostic and treat-ment process involves multi-disciplinary collaboration,including oral and maxillofacial surgery,otolaryngology,head and neck surgery,oncology,radiology and pathology.Based on evidence from clinical practice,a comprehensive,integrated diagnostic and therapeutic ap-proach has been established,centered around the concept of"prevention,screening,diagnosis,treatment,and rehabilitation",covering the entire patient lifecycle and providing a valuable reference for clinical practice.

Oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma(OPSCC)is a malignant tumor originating from the squamous epithelium of the oro-pharyngeal mucosa,accounting for more than 90％of oropharyngeal malignancies.In recent years,human papillomavirus(HPV)infec-tion has become one of the primary etiological factors of oropharyngeal squamous carcinoma.The incidence of HPV-associated oropharyn-geal squamous carcinoma has been rising annually,with a noticeable trend toward younger populations,posing a significant threat to hu-man health.Due to the distinct biological behavior and clinical characteristics of HPV-associated oropharyngeal squamous carcinoma com-pared to its non-HPV-related counterpart,the diagnostic and treatment strategies for oropharyngeal squamous carcinoma have undergone substantial changes.Prevention and screening for oropharyngeal squamous carcinoma are of critical importance.The diagnostic and treat-ment process involves multi-disciplinary collaboration,including oral and maxillofacial surgery,otolaryngology,head and neck surgery,oncology,radiology and pathology.Based on evidence from clinical practice,a comprehensive,integrated diagnostic and therapeutic ap-proach has been established,centered around the concept of"prevention,screening,diagnosis,treatment,and rehabilitation",covering the entire patient lifecycle and providing a valuable reference for clinical practice.

The advancement of surgical techniques enables effective treatment for many patients with oral and maxillofacial tumors.How-ever,post-surgery problems such as chewing,swallowing and speech difficulty may arise due to the defects in speech organs and inade-quate compensatory function of tissue flap repair.Speech disorders,in particular,isolate patients by making it difficult for them to com-municate with others,not only impact their quality of life but also potentially lead to psychological problems and social interaction disor-ders.Although the decline in life quality and other related issues caused by speech dysfunction due to surgery and radiotherapy or chemo-therapy have been widely recognized,there is currently no standardized and universally applicable assessment method and standardized re-habilitation treatment management guideline or consensus for speech disorders following oral and maxillofacial tumor surgery at home and abroad.Based on previous clinical practice,combined with the characteristics of speech disorders in patients after oral and maxillofacial tumor surgery,the clinical experience of the experts in maxillofacial tumor surgery and rehabilitation and the relevant domestic and foreign literature,relevant experts organized discussions and modifications,reach a consensus on core content such as the assessment of speech disorders and the implementation plan for early rehabilitation treatment management,providing a reference for clinical practice,in order to improve patients'speech-related life quality and enhance the assessment and rehabilitation treatment techniques for speech disorders after oral and maxillofacial tumor surgery.

Objective:To develop an artificial intelligence (AI)-guided intravitreal injection robot system to accurately detect the injection point on the ocular surface and guide the robotic arm to complete the intravitreal injection positioning task through 3D position calculation.Methods:The Dikablis subset of the TEyeD dataset was used.Training set, testing set, and validation set were constructed by using equal interval sampling strategy.The system read the ocular surface color RGB image with an RGBD camera, then used a PatchCrop-Transformer-based injection point detection algorithm to detect and locate key points such as the pupil, iris, and eyelid in the image.Next, it extracted the local 3D point cloud data near the injection point based on the depth information obtained by the camera.Through principal component analysis (PCA) of the local area point cloud data, the injection point and injection direction were determined.The key information was then passed to the robotic arm system.The end of the robotic arm adopted a remote center of motion (RCM) mechanism.After solving the forward and inverse kinematics, the joint movement path was obtained, and the robotic arm was controlled to move to 2 cm above the injection point.After confirmation by the doctor, the insertion, injection, and withdrawal operations were completed to ensure the stability and repeatability of the injection process.The mean square error (MSE) of key points localization and the success detection rate (SDR) within different pixel error ranges (2, 5, and 10 pixels) of the study method were compared with those of the NFDP, SLPT, and StarLoss methods, and the effects of random weight enhancement, fixed weight enhancement, and no enhancement methods on the MSE of key points localization were evaluated.The repeatability and absolute positioning accuracy of the robotic arm system were also evaluated.Results:After adding random weight enhancement, the model of this study outperformed the fixed weight enhancement and no enhancement methods in both MSE and SDR.The MSEs of the model proposed in this study for overall eye, pupil, and iris localization were 4.25, 2.41, and 1.54, respectively, which were lower than those of the NFDP, StarLoss, and SLPT methods.Within the error ranges of 5 and 10 pixels, the SDRs of the model proposed in this study were 72.09% and 92.68%, respectively, which were higher than those of the NFDP, StarLoss, and SLPT methods.The single-axis repeatability errors and absolute positioning errors of the robotic arm were within ±5 μm.Conclusions:The AI-guided intravitreal injection robot system integrates RGBD images to achieve automatic recognition of the ocular injection point and high-precision motion control through RCM mechanism design and corresponding kinematic solution methods.

In recent decades,the incidence of human papillomavirus(HPV)-associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma(OPSCC)has shown a marked increase.Significant changes have also occurred in the OPSCC diagnosis and treatment paradigm.Deter-mining HPV status prior to treatment is now essential,and radiotherapy/chemotherapy,immunotherapy,and minimally invasive surgical techniques have progressively emerged as key modalities for managing OPSCC.However,alongside these paradigm shifts,a comprehen-sive technical consensus guiding the entire diagnostic and therapeutic process for OPSCC patients is currently lacking.Given China's large population base and the rising incidence of OPSCC,an expert panel convened to develop a clinical technical consensus on OPSCC diagno-sis and management tailored to China's specific context.This consensus aims to further enhance and standardize understanding of OPSCC management techniques among relevant healthcare professionals.

Objective To explore the effect of phloretin on the proliferation,apoptosis,and tumorigenicity of ovarian cancer cells by regu-lating the Rac1/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway.Methods The ovarian cancer cell line SKOV3 and the human normal ovarian epithelial cell line IOSE-80 were divided into the following groups:control,low-dose phloretin,medium-dose phloretin,high-dose phloretin,PM A,and high-dose phloretin+PMA.Morphological changes were observed under a microscope.Cell viability and apoptosis were assessed using the CCK-8 assay,colony formation assay,and flow cytometry.Western blotting was performed to detect the expression of proteins related to the Rac1/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway.Tumor-bearing nude mice were established,tumor weights were measured,and the expres-sion levels of Rae1 and Akt in tumor tissues were analyzed.Results Compared with the control group,SKOV3 cells treated with low-,medium-,and high-dose phloretin showed reduced survival rate,colony formation,and expression of p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65,p-Akt/Akt,and Rac 1 in a dose-dependent manner.However,PM A reversed the inhibitory effects of high-dose phloretin on the malignant progression of ovarian cancer.In vivo experiments demonstrated that phloretin significantly inhibited tumor growth and reduced Akt and Rae1 expres-sion in tumor tissues(P＜0.05).Conclusion Phloretin suppresses the malignant progression of ovarian cancer by inhibiting the Rae1/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Objective:To develop an artificial intelligence (AI)-guided intravitreal injection robot system to accurately detect the injection point on the ocular surface and guide the robotic arm to complete the intravitreal injection positioning task through 3D position calculation.Methods:The Dikablis subset of the TEyeD dataset was used.Training set, testing set, and validation set were constructed by using equal interval sampling strategy.The system read the ocular surface color RGB image with an RGBD camera, then used a PatchCrop-Transformer-based injection point detection algorithm to detect and locate key points such as the pupil, iris, and eyelid in the image.Next, it extracted the local 3D point cloud data near the injection point based on the depth information obtained by the camera.Through principal component analysis (PCA) of the local area point cloud data, the injection point and injection direction were determined.The key information was then passed to the robotic arm system.The end of the robotic arm adopted a remote center of motion (RCM) mechanism.After solving the forward and inverse kinematics, the joint movement path was obtained, and the robotic arm was controlled to move to 2 cm above the injection point.After confirmation by the doctor, the insertion, injection, and withdrawal operations were completed to ensure the stability and repeatability of the injection process.The mean square error (MSE) of key points localization and the success detection rate (SDR) within different pixel error ranges (2, 5, and 10 pixels) of the study method were compared with those of the NFDP, SLPT, and StarLoss methods, and the effects of random weight enhancement, fixed weight enhancement, and no enhancement methods on the MSE of key points localization were evaluated.The repeatability and absolute positioning accuracy of the robotic arm system were also evaluated.Results:After adding random weight enhancement, the model of this study outperformed the fixed weight enhancement and no enhancement methods in both MSE and SDR.The MSEs of the model proposed in this study for overall eye, pupil, and iris localization were 4.25, 2.41, and 1.54, respectively, which were lower than those of the NFDP, StarLoss, and SLPT methods.Within the error ranges of 5 and 10 pixels, the SDRs of the model proposed in this study were 72.09% and 92.68%, respectively, which were higher than those of the NFDP, StarLoss, and SLPT methods.The single-axis repeatability errors and absolute positioning errors of the robotic arm were within ±5 μm.Conclusions:The AI-guided intravitreal injection robot system integrates RGBD images to achieve automatic recognition of the ocular injection point and high-precision motion control through RCM mechanism design and corresponding kinematic solution methods.