Objective: To confirm the therapeutic efficacy of the ginkgo biloba extract EGb761 on ischemic stroke and elucidate its underlying mechanism. Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups: sham, model, and EGb761 (ginkgo biloba extract). Ischemic stroke was then simulated in rats via embolic middle cerebral artery occlusion surgery, with the extract administered half an hour before surgery. Neurological deficit scores, infarct volume, cerebral edema rate, and inflammatory factors served as the primary metrics for drug efficacy. Serum metabolites were analyzed using 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance to elucidate the operative mechanism. Results: Treatment with the ginkgo biloba extract EGb761 significantly ameliorated the neurological deficit scores (P = .0343), diminished the cerebral infarct volume (P = .0001) and cerebral edema rate (P = .0030), and alleviated neuroinflammation (all P < .05) in middle cerebral artery occlusion rats. In addition, it significantly altered the contents of various metabolites, such as 2-hydroxybutyrate, isoleucine, isopropanol, isobutyric acid, N6-acetyllysine, glutamate, glutamine, methionine, and N,N-dimethylglycine (all P < .05). Enrichment analysis of the differential metabolites indicated that EGb761 may be involved in the regulation of amino acid metabolism, betaine metabolism, glucose-alanine cycle, Warburg effect, and urea cycle. Conclusion The ginkgo biloba extract EGb761 demonstrates anti-ischemic stroke effect on ischemic stroke model rats by regulating amino acids and amino acid derivatives, such as isoleucine, N6-acetyllysine, glutamate, methionine, and N,N-dimethylglycine.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)throat opening and brightening method in treating unilateral vocal cord paralysis(UVCP).Methods Sixty patients with UVCP were prospectively collected and randomly assigned to two groups:the Chinese herbal medicine group(trea-ted with Buyang Huanwu Decoction,n=30)and the throat opening and brightening method group(treated with TCM throat opening and brightening method,n=30).The clinical studies that had utilized injection laryngoplasty for the treatment of UVCP(historical control group).Evaluation indicators included the voice handicap index-10(VHI-10),GRBAS-G,objective acoustic measurements of voice(vocal intensity,F0,shimmer,jitter,HNR),and aerodynamic measurements(maximum phonation time,MPT).Results Before treatment,no significant differences were observed between the two groups in all the evaluation indicators(P＞0.05).Post-treatment,the throat open-ing and brightening method group demonstrated significant improvements in VHI-10,GRBAS-G,shimmer,jitter,HNR,and MPT compared to pre-treatment values(P＜0.01),and these improvements were superior to those in the Chinese herbal medicine group.Pre-treatment VHI-10,GRBAS-G,and shimmer scores in the throat opening and brightening method group were significantly higher than those in the historical literature group(P＜0.01).Af-ter treatment,no significant differences were noted in any assessed parameters between the two groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion The TCM throat opening and brightening method significantly enhances phonatory function and quality of life in patients with UVCP,showing comparable efficacy to injection laryngoplasty.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)throat opening and brightening method in treating unilateral vocal cord paralysis(UVCP).Methods Sixty patients with UVCP were prospectively collected and randomly assigned to two groups:the Chinese herbal medicine group(trea-ted with Buyang Huanwu Decoction,n=30)and the throat opening and brightening method group(treated with TCM throat opening and brightening method,n=30).The clinical studies that had utilized injection laryngoplasty for the treatment of UVCP(historical control group).Evaluation indicators included the voice handicap index-10(VHI-10),GRBAS-G,objective acoustic measurements of voice(vocal intensity,F0,shimmer,jitter,HNR),and aerodynamic measurements(maximum phonation time,MPT).Results Before treatment,no significant differences were observed between the two groups in all the evaluation indicators(P＞0.05).Post-treatment,the throat open-ing and brightening method group demonstrated significant improvements in VHI-10,GRBAS-G,shimmer,jitter,HNR,and MPT compared to pre-treatment values(P＜0.01),and these improvements were superior to those in the Chinese herbal medicine group.Pre-treatment VHI-10,GRBAS-G,and shimmer scores in the throat opening and brightening method group were significantly higher than those in the historical literature group(P＜0.01).Af-ter treatment,no significant differences were noted in any assessed parameters between the two groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion The TCM throat opening and brightening method significantly enhances phonatory function and quality of life in patients with UVCP,showing comparable efficacy to injection laryngoplasty.

Objective:To build a medical consumables demand prediction model to predict the demand for medical consumables,and to reduce the occurrence of emergency replenishment and shortage of medical consumables.Methods:The medical consumables demand prediction model was established using support vector regression(SVR)algorithm,the replenishment strategy and inventory control strategy optimization model was established using multiple population genetic algorithm(MPGA)to build a medical consumables demand forecasting model,and the replenishment strategy and inventory control strategy were automatically generated.The relevant data of supply-processing-distribution(SPD)mode introduced by Benxi Central Hospital for medical consumables management from January 2019 to May 2023 were selected for model training,model validation test(test set)and model application prediction(application set),respectively.The average absolute prediction error,peak prediction error and trough of prediction error of the model were evaluated,and the average ratio of consumption per day to inventory cost,the average number of urgent orders per month,the average number of out of stock per month,the average number of non-urgent orders per month and the decreasing range of the index weekly average were compared.Results:There was no statistically significant difference in the average absolute prediction error between the model test set and the application set(P＞0.05).The average absolute prediction error of the model was 0.033 5±0.024 5,the peak prediction error was 0.071 7 and the trough of prediction error was-0.0090.After the application of the model,the ratio of average daily consumption to inventory cost,the average number of monthly emergency order frequency,the average number of shortage of stock,and the average number of monthly non-emergency orders were(0.457 5±0.060 3),(23.95±6.04),(5.58±2.17),and(20.68±2.77),respectively.The ratio of daily average consumption to inventory cost was higher than that before the application,the average number of monthly emergency order,shortage of stock,and monthly non-emergency order were lower than those before the application,the difference was statistically significant(F=371.912,88.486,124.472,142.138,P＜0.000).After the application of the model,the weekly average inventory amount decreased by 43.66%,and the average number of emergency replenishment decreased by 53.76%,the average number of shortages of stock decreased by 76.95%,and the average shortage of stock normal replenishments decreased by 34.41%.Conclusion:The medical consumables demand prediction model can predict the demand for medical consumables,optimize replenishment and inventory control strategies,reduce the cost of medical consumables inventory,reduce occurrence of emergency replenishment and shortages of stock,and reduce the number of normal replenishment.

Hypertriglyceridemia （HTG） is the second leading cause of acute pancreatitis in China and can be caused by primary factors， namely gene mutations， which may lead to recurrent hypertriglyceridemic acute pancreatitis （HTG-AP） and difficulties in effective control of triglyceride. This article reports an adult Chinese male patient who experienced eight attacks of HTG-AP and was found to carry a de novo heterozygous mutation， p.K327N， of the GPD1 gene， which may cause the persistent high level of triglyceride and recurrent attacks of HTG-AP.

AIM:To investigate the effect of Bushen formulae(BHF)on bone metabolism and its possible mechanism in ovariectomized rats with high salt intake.METHODS:According to the random number table method,80 SPF-grade Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into sham group,ovariectomy(OVX)group,medium-high-salt diet(MSD)group,high-salt diet(HSD)group,BHF group,BHF with normal saline(BHF+NS)group,BHF+MSD group,and BHF+ HSD group,with 10 rats in each group.After modeling,different diets and BHF formula interventions were administered,and the concentrations of sodium chloride added to MSD group and HSD group were 2%(w/w)and 8%(w/w),respective-ly.The dose of BHF was 7.8 g·kg-1·d-1,once a day,and the treatment lasted for 12 weeks.Bone density,bone microar-chitecture,bone parameters,bone metabolism biomarkers,bone histopathological changes,the expression of epithelial sodium channel α(ENaCα),Na-Cl cotransporter(NCC),and voltage-gated chloride channel 3(ClC-3)proteins in bone tissue were detected in each group.RESULTS:Compared with sham group,the rats in OVX group had reduced bone density and destroyed bone microstructure.Compared with OVX group,the bone microstructure in MSD and HSD groups was more significantly damaged,while the levels of bone formation markers,bone glycoprotein(BGP)and type Ⅰ procolla-gen N-terminal peptide(PINP),were significantly increased in HSD group(P<0.05).Moreover,the levels of bone re-sorption markers,such as amino-terminal cross-linked telopeptides of type Ⅰ collagen(NTX),carboxy-terminal cross-linked telopeptides of type Ⅰ collagen(CTX)and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase(TRACP),were significantly in-creased(P<0.05),indicating that bone metabolism was in high-conversion state.High-salt diet accelerated the structural destruction of bone trabeculae,and Western blot results showed that high-salt diet caused decreases in the protein expres-sion levels of ENaCα and ClC-3 and an increase in the protein expression level of NCC in femoral tissues(P<0.05).After BHF intervention,the expression of relevant ion channels caused by high salt could be regulated to different degrees.CONCLUSION:Bushen formulae could differentially regulate the expression of relevant ion channels ENaCα,ClC-3,and NCC induced by high salt to different degrees,which has certain ameliorative and therapeutic effects on the imbalance of bone metabolism.

Objective Based on the original text of Synopsis of Golden Chamber,we summarized and analyzed the pulse manifestation,characteristics of disease location,nature and syndrome,and main diseases of the stringed pulse in order to provide a systematic reference for its clinical application.Methods The sentences containing"stringed pulse"were sorted out according to the order of chapters in Synopsis of Golden Chamber firstly.Then the characteristics of pulse manifestation and pathogenesis were summarized.Finally,its main diseases and clinical significance were analyzed.Results This study summarized characteristics of the stringed pulse manifestation in Synopsis of Golden Chamber:the pulse flexibility is as tight as a bow string,the pulse shapes are straight up and down.And characteristics of the string pulse pathogenesis:the disease location is mainly interior,located in the chest,abdomen,liver and ribs;the nature of disease mainly tends to cold syndrome and excess syndrome;the main symptom is pain.There are seven main diseases related to string pulse:disease with symptoms such as convulsion,opisthotonos,trismus;malaria;stagnation of qi in chest;cold abdominal colic;Fluid retention disease;gastric disorder causing nausea and spasm.Conclusion The characteristics and main diseases of the string pulse reflected in the Synopsis of the Golden Chamber embody the thinking mode of diagnosis and treatment based on disease,syndrome and pulse,which has had a profound impact on the theory of diagnosis and treatment in later generations.

Objective:To mine and evaluate the adverse reaction risk signals of omeprazole, and provide reference for the safe application of the drug.Methods:Data cleansing on all adverse reactions of omeprazole collected in the Shandong Provincial Center for Adverse Drug Reaction Monitoring database from January 2018 to December 2021 was performed, and information on patients′ gender, age, drug administration routes, and the systems/organs involved, clinical manifestations, and outcomes of adverse reactions was collected. The risk signals of adverse reactions associated with omeprazole were mined and evaluated using reporting odds ratio (ROR), proportional reporting ratio (PRR), and Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) comprehensive standard methods. The risk signal judgment criteria for ROR and PRR methods were the number of reports ≥3, and the lower limit of 95% confidence interval ( CI) of ROR or PRR>1, and that of MHRA method was the number of reports≥ 3, PRR≥2, and χ2≥4. Results:A total of 2 706 adverse reaction reports with omeprazole as suspect drug were entered, including 234 severe adverse reactions (8.7%). Of them, 1 270 were male (46.9%) and 1 432 female (52.9%); the median age was 58 years, including 86 patients under 18 years old, 1 417 cases between 18-60 years old, and 1 203 cases over 60 years old. A total of 17 systems or organs were involved in adverse reaction related to omeprazole, and the top 5 were gastrointestinal system [1 412 cases (37.6%)], skin and its accessories [883 cases (23.5%)], nervous system [716 cases(19.1%)], respiratory system [269 cases (7.2 %)], and systemic system [207 cases (5.5%)]. The median occurrence time of adverse reactions from medication was 30 minutes, and 1 710 cases (63.2%) occurred within 1 day after medication. After treatments, 1 595 patients (58.9%) recovered, 1 098 patients (40.6%) were improved, and no deaths were reported. Twenty-seven risk signals were mined by ROR and PRR methods, respectively, and 21 by MHRA method. The top 5 adverse reactions in signal intensity mined using the ROR method were gastrointestinal bloating, headache, constipation, tongue numbness, and joint pain; the top 5 adverse reactions in signal intensity mined using the PRR method were gastrointestinal bloating, headache, constipation, tongue numbness, and dizziness; the top 5 adverse reactions in signal intensity mined using the MHRA method were gastrointestinal bloating, headache, constipation, bloating, and dry mouth. Among them, the signals not mentioned in the labels were chest tightness, chills, cyanosis, mouth numbness, overall trembling, and tongue numbness.Conclusions:The adverse reactions of omeprazole involve multiple systems/organs, and common adverse reactions include gastrointestinal bloating, headache, constipation, etc. Risk signals such as chest tightness, chills, cyanosis, numbness of the mouth, trembling of the whole body, and numbness of the tongue are not recorded in the labels, which should be vigilant and intervened in time in clinics.

Objective Based on the original text of Synopsis of Golden Chamber,we summarized and analyzed the pulse manifestation,characteristics of disease location,nature and syndrome,and main diseases of the stringed pulse in order to provide a systematic reference for its clinical application.Methods The sentences containing"stringed pulse"were sorted out according to the order of chapters in Synopsis of Golden Chamber firstly.Then the characteristics of pulse manifestation and pathogenesis were summarized.Finally,its main diseases and clinical significance were analyzed.Results This study summarized characteristics of the stringed pulse manifestation in Synopsis of Golden Chamber:the pulse flexibility is as tight as a bow string,the pulse shapes are straight up and down.And characteristics of the string pulse pathogenesis:the disease location is mainly interior,located in the chest,abdomen,liver and ribs;the nature of disease mainly tends to cold syndrome and excess syndrome;the main symptom is pain.There are seven main diseases related to string pulse:disease with symptoms such as convulsion,opisthotonos,trismus;malaria;stagnation of qi in chest;cold abdominal colic;Fluid retention disease;gastric disorder causing nausea and spasm.Conclusion The characteristics and main diseases of the string pulse reflected in the Synopsis of the Golden Chamber embody the thinking mode of diagnosis and treatment based on disease,syndrome and pulse,which has had a profound impact on the theory of diagnosis and treatment in later generations.

Objective:To mine and evaluate the adverse reaction risk signals of omeprazole, and provide reference for the safe application of the drug.Methods:Data cleansing on all adverse reactions of omeprazole collected in the Shandong Provincial Center for Adverse Drug Reaction Monitoring database from January 2018 to December 2021 was performed, and information on patients′ gender, age, drug administration routes, and the systems/organs involved, clinical manifestations, and outcomes of adverse reactions was collected. The risk signals of adverse reactions associated with omeprazole were mined and evaluated using reporting odds ratio (ROR), proportional reporting ratio (PRR), and Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) comprehensive standard methods. The risk signal judgment criteria for ROR and PRR methods were the number of reports ≥3, and the lower limit of 95% confidence interval ( CI) of ROR or PRR>1, and that of MHRA method was the number of reports≥ 3, PRR≥2, and χ2≥4. Results:A total of 2 706 adverse reaction reports with omeprazole as suspect drug were entered, including 234 severe adverse reactions (8.7%). Of them, 1 270 were male (46.9%) and 1 432 female (52.9%); the median age was 58 years, including 86 patients under 18 years old, 1 417 cases between 18-60 years old, and 1 203 cases over 60 years old. A total of 17 systems or organs were involved in adverse reaction related to omeprazole, and the top 5 were gastrointestinal system [1 412 cases (37.6%)], skin and its accessories [883 cases (23.5%)], nervous system [716 cases(19.1%)], respiratory system [269 cases (7.2 %)], and systemic system [207 cases (5.5%)]. The median occurrence time of adverse reactions from medication was 30 minutes, and 1 710 cases (63.2%) occurred within 1 day after medication. After treatments, 1 595 patients (58.9%) recovered, 1 098 patients (40.6%) were improved, and no deaths were reported. Twenty-seven risk signals were mined by ROR and PRR methods, respectively, and 21 by MHRA method. The top 5 adverse reactions in signal intensity mined using the ROR method were gastrointestinal bloating, headache, constipation, tongue numbness, and joint pain; the top 5 adverse reactions in signal intensity mined using the PRR method were gastrointestinal bloating, headache, constipation, tongue numbness, and dizziness; the top 5 adverse reactions in signal intensity mined using the MHRA method were gastrointestinal bloating, headache, constipation, bloating, and dry mouth. Among them, the signals not mentioned in the labels were chest tightness, chills, cyanosis, mouth numbness, overall trembling, and tongue numbness.Conclusions:The adverse reactions of omeprazole involve multiple systems/organs, and common adverse reactions include gastrointestinal bloating, headache, constipation, etc. Risk signals such as chest tightness, chills, cyanosis, numbness of the mouth, trembling of the whole body, and numbness of the tongue are not recorded in the labels, which should be vigilant and intervened in time in clinics.