Huangqintang， with its accurate efficacy， is a classic formula specialized in treating dysentery recommended and promoted by medical experts from successive generations， and it was included in the Catalogue of Ancient Classic Prescriptions （the Second Batch， Han Chinese medicine prescriptions） published by the National Administration of Traditional Chinses Medicine （TCM） in 2023. The method of bibliometrics was applied in this study to conduct textual research on the classic formula Huangqintang and provide a literature reference for the development of modern preparations of Huangqintang. A total of 2 026 pieces of ancient literature were searched with "Huangqintang" as the key word， and 23 pieces of effective data were selected， involving 15 ancient TCM books. The historic evolution， composition， dosage， origin， processing methods， preparation and decocting methods， efficiency， and application of Huangqintang were carefully reviewed. The results showed that Huangqintang was first recorded in the Treatise on Febrile Diseases written by ZHANG Zhongjing. It has the effect of clearing heat， stopping dysentery， regulating the middle， and downbearing counterflow and has become one of the classic formulas widely used in clinical practice. Because of its accurate efficacy， medical experts from later generations have modified it from its original composition. Though many prescriptions have different names， it is the manifestation of physicians' inheritance and development of the thought of ZHANG Zhongjing. Ancient literature showed this prescription had wide indications yet centered on digestive system diseases such as dysentery and abdominal pain. Modern applications of Huangqintang involve digestive， respiratory， ophthalmology and otolaryngology， gynecological， skin， musculoskeletal system， and connective tissue， and this prescription has great potential in treating ulcerative colitis， diarrhea， acute enteritis， and damp-heat dysentery. Through a systematic textual excavation and review of the ancient literature about Huangqintang， the paper has confirmed its key information， so as to provide a scientific basis for the clinical application and new drug development of classic formulas.

The classic formula Fangji Fulingtang is from ZHANG Zhongjing's Synopsis of the Golden Chamber in the Eastern Han dynasty. It is composed of Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix， Astragali Radix， Cinnamomi Ramulus， Poria， and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma， with the effects of reinforcing Qi and invigorating spleen， warming Yang and promoting urination. By a review of ancient medical books， this paper summarizes the composition， original plants， processing， dosage， decocting methods， indications and other key information of Fangji Fulingtang， aiming to provide a literature basis for the research， development， and clinical application of preparations based on this formula. Synonyms of Fangji Fulingtang exist in ancient medical books， while the formula composition in the Synopsis of the Golden Chamber is more widespread and far-reaching. In this formula， Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix， Astragali Radix， Cinnamomi Ramulus， Poria， and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma are the dried root of Stephania tetrandra， the dried root of Astragalus embranaceus var. mongholicus， the dried shoot of Cinnamomum cassia， the dried sclerotium of Poria cocos， and the dried root and rhizome of Glycyrrhiza uralensis， respectively. Fangji Fulingtang is mainly produced into powder， with the dosage and decocting method used in the past dynasties basically following the original formula. Each bag is composed of Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix 13.80 g， Astragali Radix 13.80 g， Cinnamomi Ramulus 13.80 g， Poria 27.60 g， and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma 9.20 g. The raw materials are purified， decocted in water from 1 200 mL to 400 mL， and the decoction should be taken warm， 3 times a day. Fangji Fulingtang was originally designed for treating skin edema， and then it was used to treat impediment in the Qing dynasty. In modern times， it is mostly used to treat musculoskeletal and connective tissue diseases and circulatory system diseases， demonstrating definite effects on various types of edema and heart failure. This paper clarifies the inheritance of Fangji Fulingtang and reveals its key information （attached to the end of this paper）， aiming to provide a theoretical basis for the development of preparations based on this formula.

The classic formula Fangji Fulingtang is from ZHANG Zhongjing's Synopsis of the Golden Chamber in the Eastern Han dynasty. It is composed of Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix， Astragali Radix， Cinnamomi Ramulus， Poria， and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma， with the effects of reinforcing Qi and invigorating spleen， warming Yang and promoting urination. By a review of ancient medical books， this paper summarizes the composition， original plants， processing， dosage， decocting methods， indications and other key information of Fangji Fulingtang， aiming to provide a literature basis for the research， development， and clinical application of preparations based on this formula. Synonyms of Fangji Fulingtang exist in ancient medical books， while the formula composition in the Synopsis of the Golden Chamber is more widespread and far-reaching. In this formula， Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix， Astragali Radix， Cinnamomi Ramulus， Poria， and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma are the dried root of Stephania tetrandra， the dried root of Astragalus embranaceus var. mongholicus， the dried shoot of Cinnamomum cassia， the dried sclerotium of Poria cocos， and the dried root and rhizome of Glycyrrhiza uralensis， respectively. Fangji Fulingtang is mainly produced into powder， with the dosage and decocting method used in the past dynasties basically following the original formula. Each bag is composed of Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix 13.80 g， Astragali Radix 13.80 g， Cinnamomi Ramulus 13.80 g， Poria 27.60 g， and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma 9.20 g. The raw materials are purified， decocted in water from 1 200 mL to 400 mL， and the decoction should be taken warm， 3 times a day. Fangji Fulingtang was originally designed for treating skin edema， and then it was used to treat impediment in the Qing dynasty. In modern times， it is mostly used to treat musculoskeletal and connective tissue diseases and circulatory system diseases， demonstrating definite effects on various types of edema and heart failure. This paper clarifies the inheritance of Fangji Fulingtang and reveals its key information （attached to the end of this paper）， aiming to provide a theoretical basis for the development of preparations based on this formula.

Objective:To study the different factors that affected the correction coefficient of biological load in microorganism test of medical device,so as to improve the accuracy of testing microorganism of medical device.Methods:According to the national standard"Sterilization of medical devices-Microbiological methods-Part 1:Determination of a population of microorganisms on products"(GB/T 19973.1-2015),the microorganisms of disposable sterile syringes were tested.The vaccination locations of different bacterial strains,the collection techniques of different eluents and the different microorganism count methods were selected to conduct experiment.And then,the correction coefficient of biological load was calculated.Results:Based on the data analysis of the correction coefficient of the biological load of disposable sterile syringes,the difference of the microorganism growth status on plate among three different vaccination locations of bacterial strains(cone head interior,tube inner wall and rubber piston)was statistically significant(F=36.575,P<0.05),and the correction coefficients for recovery rate were respectively 2.9,16.5,and 9.9.The difference of the microorganism growth status on plate among three different microorganism collection techniques(manual shaking for 20 seconds,mechanical shaking for 5 and 20 minutes,200 r/min)was statistically significant(F=119.460,P<0.05),and the correction coefficients for recovery rate were respectively 14.1,7.1 and 1.9.The difference of the microorganism growth status on plate among three different microorganism count methods(coating method,pouring method and membrane filtration method)was not significant(F=0.529,P>0.05),and the correction coefficients for recovery rate were respectively 1.2,1.1 and 1.2.Conclusion:In testing biological load,multiple sites should be selected to conduct simultaneous infection of bacteria,and mechanical shaking should be used to collect eluent.In the test of biological load of medical device,the selection of the sites of bacterial infection and microorganism collection technique are important factor of the correction coefficient of biological load.

Tic disorder (TD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder. According to the core symptoms,it can be classified as "liver wind","wind syndrome",and "concurrent". The clinical syndrome of TCM is based on wind,and the pathogenesis is based on the liver. However,the clinical symptoms of this disease are relatively complicated. Based on the " manifestation-qi transformation" theory,this study further explores the liver wind,lung wind,heart wind,spleen wind,and kidney wind from the pathological basis of intrinsic wind rash movement and proposes that the liver wind caused by hyperactivity of liver yang is the main cause of intrinsic wind rash movement in TD,and the lung wind caused by lung loss is the main cause. The liver is related to the heart,spleen,and kidney. Together,the five-wind affect the onset,development,and outcome of TD. Based on this understanding of the pathogenesis,it is necessary to identify the specific syndromes of the patients. The five-wind differentiation and treatment system uses the method of calming the liver and dispelling the lungs to treat the root of the internal wind rash movement. Xiaochaihu Decoction,Sangju Decoction,Cang'erzi Powder,and other prescriptions can be used with modification and subtract and use method of controlling heart fire,transporting spleen soil,and nourishing kidney water to treat derived images. Meanwhile,Xieqing Pill,Daochi Powder,Yigong Powder,Erchen Decoction,Liuwei Dihuang Pill,and other prescriptions can be used with modification.

OBJECTIVE To establish and optimize tablets adding mechanism of automatic tablet dispensing machine in the inpatient pharmacy, realize tablets checking and fine management for tablets inventory and expiration date in process of tablets adding, reduce incidence of errors, improve work efficiency, and ensure the safety of tablets use for patients. METHODS Intelligent software combined with barcode scanning technology was used to carry out intelligent intervention on the error-prone link in the process of tablets adding of automatic drug dispensing machine. The error ratio of tablets adding(%), average of daily tablets adding time(min), error ratio of tablets quantity in monthly inventory check(%) were compared before and after intelligent intervention. RESULTS Compared with before optimization, the error ratio of tablets adding decreased from 0.11 % to 0%, average of daily tablets adding time decreased from (96.50±21.84)min to (64.23±19.59)min(P<0.01), which saved 32.27 min on average, and error ratio of tablets quantity in monthly inventory check decreased from (9.42±1.13)% to (3.42±0.88)%(P<0.01) after optimizing the dosing process of the automatic drug dispensing machine. CONCLUSION The optimized process of tablets adding of automatic drug dispensing machine is simple and rapid to operate, which has high accuracy. The tablets inventory and expiration date can be tracked and managed in real time, which ensures the safety of tablets use for patients, promotes development of digital pharmacy management system, and improves quality of pharmaceutical care.

Guaranteeing the rights and safety of subjects is an important responsibility of all participants in the medical devices clinical trial, including medical institutions, sponsors and researchers. The legal disputes caused by serious adverse events in the clinical trial of medical devices are characterized by complex legal relationships, great difficulty in handling, and many points of dispute. Based on a typical case of medical device clinical trials, this paper discussed the litigation subject qualification, the treatment of contract breach and tort in medical device clinical trial, analyzed the responsibility of different subjects, and provided constructive suggestions on the risk management of medical device clinical trial.

The Chinese Guidelines on Diagnosis and Management of Atrial Fibrillation, jointly formulated by the Chinese Society of Cardiology, Chinese Medical Association and the Heart Rhythm Committee of Chinese Society of Biomedical Engineering, was first released on June 15, 2023. The guidelines elaborate the various aspects of atrial fibrillation management, in which emergency management of atrial fibrillation is also an integral part. This article interpreted the emergency management part in the guidelines in detail by reviewing relevant literature.

Clinical post competence and medical ethics literacy are the key qualities that applied medical talents should have. The synergy of medical education is an effective way to deepen the reform of competence-oriented medical education. Under the background of synergy of medical education and considering the orientation of training applied medical talents in our college, we explore a progressive path of "three early education", which means early exposure to specialties, early exposure to practice, and early exposure to clinical practice. Meanwhile, we strengthen the cultivation of medical students' medical ethics literacy throughout the whole process of "three early education", laying a solid foundation for medical students before they enter the stage of clinical practice training. Practice shows that the progressive "three early education" mode and the cultivation of medical ethics literacy throughout the whole process can effectively improve medical students' clinical post competence.

Bevacizumab, an anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody, has significantly improved the clinical outcomes of patients with advanced non-squamous NSCLC (ns-NSCLC). However, the safety and efficacy of bevacizumab for elderly patients with advanced NSCLC require further investigation. Thus, 59 patients were included in the present retrospective study, 22 patients in the bevacizumab plus pemetrexed and platinum (B + PP) group, and 37 patients in the pemetrexed and platinum (PP) group. For the entire cohort of patients, the median OS was 33.3 months, and the 1-year and 2-year overall survival rates were 88.5% and 67.8%, respectively. The median OS and 1-year and 2-year OS rates were 20.5 months, 70.3% and 0%, respectively, in the B + PP group and 33.4 months, 97.0% and 89.4%, respectively, in the PP group (P < 0.001). The incidence of grade ⩾ 3 adverse events was higher in the B + PP group than in the PP group (27.3% vs. 10.8%, respectively; P = 0.204). Univariate and multivariate analyses suggested that the receipt of ⩾ 5 cycles of first-line chemotherapy was an independent favorable prognostic factor for OS, whereas the addition of bevacizumab was an unfavorable prognostic factor. With increased toxicities, the addition of bevacizumab to PP does not improve the overall survival of elderly patients with advanced ns-NSCLC.
Aged ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/adverse effects* ; Bevacizumab/adverse effects* ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/drug therapy* ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy* ; Pemetrexed/adverse effects* ; Platinum/therapeutic use* ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome