BACKGROUND:Exercise as a form of active rehabilitation can improve the dysfunction caused by peripheral nerve injury,and different exercise modalities target different lesion sites and recovery mechanisms. OBJECTIVE:To comprehensively analyze the application and mechanisms of different exercise modalities in functional recovery from peripheral nerve injury. METHODS:A computerized search was conducted in PubMed and CNKI databases for relevant literature published before January 2024.The search terms used were"peripheral nerve injury,spinal cord,exercise,cerebral cortex,muscle atrophy,mirror therapy,blood flow restriction training"in both English and Chinese.Finally,77 articles were included for review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Peripheral nerve injury can cause systemic pathological changes such as skeletal muscle atrophy,corresponding spinal cord segmental lesions,and sensorimotor cortex remodeling.Aerobic exercise can improve dysfunction by enhancing the immune response,promoting glial cell polarization,and promoting the release of nerve growth factor.Blood flow restriction exercise can regulate the secretion of muscle growth factor,promote muscle growth and enhance muscle strength.Mirror movement has a good effect in activating the cerebral cortex and reducing cortical remodeling.Different exercise modalities have potential benefits in functional recovery after peripheral nerve injury;however,there are still some problems and challenges,such as the choice of exercise modalities,the control of exercise intensity and frequency,and the detailed analysis of mechanisms.

ObjectiveTo explore the effectiveness of health information dissemination and its influencing factors using the "Shanghai CDC" WeChat public account as a case study, providing references for public health institutions to optimize the use of official new media platforms for effective publicity. MethodsA total of 1 030 headline articles published on the "Shanghai CDC" WeChat public account between 2016 and 2019 were analyzed using content analysis and non-parametric tests to examine the impact of factors such as titles and content categories. ResultsFrom 2016 to 2019, the number of WeChat public account followers increased by 280 000, with the articles accumulating over 8.8 million views. The median (P₂₅, P₇₅) open rate of articles was 5.90% (3.69%, 10.31%), and the median (P₂₅, P₇₅) sharing and forwarding rate was 6.60% (4.25%, 9.17%). Factors such as the use of first- and second-person pronouns, degree adverbs, negative adverbs, explicit viewpoints, and title length all significantly affected the open rate of articles, with OR (95%CI) values of 0.175 (0.041‒0.756), 32.606 (2.350‒452.432), 4.079 (1.093‒15.230), 0.106 (0.028‒0.409), and 1.184 (1.063‒1.319),respectively (all P<0.05). In terms of content, statistical significant differences in dissemination effectiveness were observed across article categories and themes (P<0.05). In terms of article categories, articles related to news hotspots and service information had higher open rates of 9.58% and 14.00%, respectively. These two types of articles also obtained higher sharing and forwarding rates of 7.65% and 9.16%, respectively. In terms of article topics, compared with healthy life and health products, among the top four topics in terms of publication volume, the open rates of articles about infectious diseases and disease-causing biology and immunization programs were higher, accounting for 7.88% and 6.88%, respectively, with no significant difference in sharing and forwarding rates. ConclusionThe "Shanghai CDC" WeChat public account demonstrated good dissemination effectiveness. Enhancing article titles by increasing informational content and degree adverbs (e.g., "highly," "most," and "extremely") and negative adverbs (e.g., "no") can improve dissemination reach. Public health WeChat accounts should incorporate news hotspots or service information in their articles. While maintaining their strengths in disseminating knowledge on infectious diseases and immunization programs, they should also enhance public education in other professional fields within their scope of responsibility to improve the overall dissemination impact of health information.

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Objective To find out the prevalence of antiretroviral therapy(ART)drugs among treponema pallidum(TP)antibody(anti-TP)positive blood donors in Shenzhen,and to assess the blood safety risks brought about by the new trends of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)diagnosis and treatment.Methods A stratified random sampling method was used to select 60 repeat blood donors(negative control group)who passed blood screening in Shenzhen from March 2019 to January 2023,and 3 people who regularly took known ART drugs were named positive control group,358 anti-TP positive/anti-HIV negative blood do-nors were named experimental group 1,20 anti-TP positive/anti-HIV positive blood donors were named ex-perimental group 2.The liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS/MS)was applied to detect the concentration of 8 ART drugs in plasma samples of each group,and the use of ART drugs was analyzed.Re-sults After the positive control group's plasma was diluted with a 1:6 dilution mixture,the ART drugs could still be detected.The positive mixed plasma samples of 1:6 people in Group 1 and Group 2 were split and validation,one ART drug positive sample was detected in Group 2,which was positive for anti-HIV,pro-tein immunoblotting,and HIV RNA.The detection rate of ART drugs in anti-TP positive blood donors was 0.26％,0.00％in Group 1 and 4.00％in Group 2.Conclusion The use of ART drugs has been found among anti-TP positive blood donors in Shenzhen,and people with HIV infection and high-risk sexual behavior are more likely to use antiretroviral drugs.

Sepsis-associated encephalopathy(SAE) is a diffuse brain dysfunction caused by sepsis.The main clinical manifestations are abnormal mental state, high mortality and poor prognosis.At present, there is no unified diagnostic standard for SAE.The exclusion diagnosis is mainly based on clinical symptoms and signs, combined with laboratory examination and imaging auxiliary examination.Among them, brain magnetic resonance imaging and quantitative electroencephalography can early detect brain dysfunction and predict the prognosis of children, which play an important role in the early diagnosis and prognosis assessment of SAE.Cerebral oxygen monitoring can dynamically reflect the changes of brain function and can be used for long-term monitoring of children with severe brain function injury.SAE is closely associated with poor prognosis, and mortality will increase with the extention of hospitalization.Therefore, early identification of SAE is of great significance to reduce mortality.

Objective:To investigate the correlation between serum uric acid level and heart rate variability (HRV) in patients with acute ischemic stroke.Methods:Patients with acute ischemic stroke admitted to the Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from July 2017 to July 2019 were enrolled retrospectively. They were divided into 4 groups (Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4) according to the sex-specific serum uric acid quartiles. The demographic data, baseline clinical data, laboratory indicators and HRV recorded by 24-h dynamic electrocardiogram in each group were compared. The independent correlation between HRV time domain parameters RR (normal-to-normal, NN) interval standard deviation (standard deviation of the NN intervals, SDNN), RR interval mean standard deviation (standard deviation of the average NN intervals, SDANN) and serum uric acid level was analyzed through multiple linear regression model.Results:A total of 141 patients were enrolled in the study, including 100 males (70.92%), aged 61.55±12.92 years. The median baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score was 2 (interquartile range: 1-4), and the serum uric acid level was 302.87±73.48 μmol/L. There were significant differences in the NIHSS score ( P<0.034), the proportion of patients with hypertension ( P=0.015), the estimated glomerular filtration rate ( P<0.001), and the HRV time domain parameters (all P<0.001) between each quartile group. The proportion of patients with low HRV (SDNN <100 ms) in the lowest serum uric acid level quartile group was significantly higher than that in other quartile groups ( P<0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that serum uric acid levels were significantly and positively correlated with SDNN (standardized β=0.321, P<0.001) and SDANN (standardized β=0.266, P=0.001). Conclusions:The low level of serum uric acid in patients with acute ischemic stroke indicates that HRV is low, which may suggest that the mechanism of oxidative stress is involved in the decrease of HRV in patients with acute ischemic stroke.

Objective:To investigate the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and clinical manifestations, imaging manifestations and plasma D-dimer in cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) patients with headache as the first symptom.Methods:CVST inpatients with headache as the first symptom admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2012 to December 2019 were enrolled retrospectively as case group. In the same period, patients with similar headache symptoms and healthy subjects were included consecutively as control group. The differences of demographic data, biochemical indexes, blood routine indexes and plasma D-dimer were compared among the three groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the independent correlation between NLR and plasma D-dimer and CVST with headache as the first symptom. According to the median NLR, patients with CVST were divided into low NLR group and high NLR group, and the differences in clinical manifestations, imaging manifestations and plasma D-dimer were compared between the two groups. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to determine the independent correlation between the reciprocal of NLR and plasma D-dimer and clinical features. Results:A total of 51 CVST inpatients with headache as the first symptom, 54 headache controls and 53 healthy controls were included in the study. There were significant differences in triglyceride ( P=0.002), fasting blood glucose ( P=0.044), serum albumin ( P=0.013), uric acid ( P=0.010), plasma D-dimer ( P<0.001), proportion of D-dimer negative patients ( P<0.001), mean corpuscular volume ( P=0.015), white blood cell count ( P<0.001), neutrophil count ( P<0.001), lymphocyte count ( P=0.005), monocyte count ( P=0.004), mean platelet volume ( P=0.010), platelet distribution width ( P=0.029), NLR ( P<0.001) and lymphocyte to monocyte ratio ( P<0.001) among the three groups. Post-hoc analysis showed that plasma D-dimer and NLR in the case group were significantly higher than those in the two control groups (all P<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis with the headache control group and the healthy control group as references showed that NLR and plasma D-dimer were significantly and independently correlated with CVST with headache as the first symptom (all P<0.05). According to the median NLR (4.817 6), the case group was divided into low NLR group and high NLR group. The comparison showed that the onset time ( P=0.041), the proportion of patients with headache as the only symptom ( P=0.016) and the proportion of plasma D-dimer negative patients ( P=0.002) in the low NLR group were significantly higher than those of the high NLR group, and the proportion of patients with headache complicated with disturbance of consciousness ( P=0.032), plasma D-dimer ( P<0.001) and fasting blood glucose ( P<0.001) were significantly lower than those in the high NLR group. With the reciprocal of NLR as the dependent variable, multiple linear regression analysis showed that the reciprocal of NLR was independently negatively correlated with plasma D-dimer ( R=-0.521, P<0.001), and independently positively correlated with headache as the only symptom ( R=0.280, P=0.049). Conclusions:NLR was significantly increased in CVST patients with headache as the first symptom. It might help early diagnosis and clinical feature prediction of CVST patients.

Objective To compare the short-term clinical effects of totally thoracoscopic surgery and traditional open-heart sugery in the treatment of esophageal cancer. Methods 64 patients with middle thoracic esophageal cancer admitted in our hospital from June 2013 to June 2016 were selected. Among them, 32 patients underwent totally thoracoscopic surgery were identified as totally thoracoscopic group and the remaining 32 patients underwent traditional open-heart surgery were identified as control group. We compared various surgical indicators of patients in the two groups. Results In the totally thoracoscopic group, the duration of operation was(123. 8±25. 1) min, the amount of blood loss during surgery was (172. 1±30. 3) mL, the retention time of chest drainage tube was (3. 1±1. 1) d and the duration of hospitalization was (15. 6±2. 7) d. Compared with the control group, these indicators showed significant difference(P＜0. 05). The incidence of postoperative complications in the totally thoracoscopic group was 9. 3％, which was significantly lower than that in the control group(31. 3％)(P＜0. 05). The pain severity of totally thoracoscopic group reduced significantly than the control group(P＜0. 05). Conclusion Compared with the traditional open-heart surgery, totally thoracoscopic surgery for esophageal cancer has advantages of less bleeding, less trauma, few complications and less pain, which is worthy of promoting and using widely in clinic.

Objective: To determine total phenylethanoid glycoside and acteoside in Plantago Herba to provide reference for evaluating the quality of medicinal materials.Methods: With acteoside as the control sample, a UV visible spectrophotometric method was used to determine total phenylethanoid glycosides in Plantago Herba.An HPLC method was applied to determine acteoside in Plantago Herba , and the conditions were as follows: an ODS2 C 18 (150 mm× 4.6 mm ,5 μm) chromatographic column was used with acetonitrile-0.1% formic acid (13∶87) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 ml·min-1 , the detection wavelength was 332nm, the column temperature was 30℃, and the sample volume was 10 μl.Results: The reference solution and the sample solution had the maximum absorption at 332 nm, and the linear relationship was good within the range of 0.003 1-0.155 0 mg·ml-1 (r=0.999 5).The content of total benzene alcohol glycosides in 3 batches of samples was 2.73% , 2.61% and 2.84% , respectively;acteoside over the range of 0.000 6-0.155 0 mg·ml-1 (r=0.999 1) showed a good linear relationship with peak area,the sample recovery was 98.5% and the RSD was 1.6% (n =6), and the acteoside content in 3 batches of samples respectively was 0.54% , 0.51% and 0.56%.Conclusion: The method is simple, accurate and reproducible, and can be used for the determination of total phenylethanoid glycosides and acteoside in Plantago Herba.

Objective To observe the analgesic effect of acupuncture at Guanyuan (CV4) and its effect on vasomotor substances in rats with dysmenorrhea due to coagulated cold syndrome. Method The coagulated-cold dysmenorrhea rat model was developed by Estrodiol benzoate and Oxytocin injectin plus physical freezing. The writhing response (writhing latency, writhing frequency, and writhing score) was observed, and the contents of TXB2 and 6-keto-PGF1a were detected by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Result Compared with the saline water group, the writhing latency was significantly shortened, the writhing frequency was significantly increased, and the writhing score was more significantly increased in the model group (P<0.01);compared with the model group, the writhing latency was significantly prolonged, the writhing frequency was decreased, and the writhing score was significantly lower in the acupuncture group (P<0.05, P<0.01). Compared with saline water group, the content of plasma 6-keto-PGF1a was significantly lower (P<0.05) and the content of plasma TXB2 showed an increasing tendency (P>0.05) in the model group. Compared with the model group, the content of plasma 6-keto-PGF1a showed an increasing tendency (P>0.05) and the content of plasma TXB2 showed a decreasing tendency (P>0.05) in the acupuncture group. Conclusion The vasomotor substances are obviously disordered in the blood of cold-coagulated dysmenorrhea rat models. Acupuncture at Guanyuan can improve the writhing response and release pain, and meanwhile positively regulate the vasomotor substances such as TXB2 and 6-keto-PGF1a. The vasomotor substances are plausibly one of the major substances in the action of acupuncture in preventing and treating dysmenorrhea.