ObjectiveTo explore the effectiveness of health information dissemination and its influencing factors using the "Shanghai CDC" WeChat public account as a case study, providing references for public health institutions to optimize the use of official new media platforms for effective publicity. MethodsA total of 1 030 headline articles published on the "Shanghai CDC" WeChat public account between 2016 and 2019 were analyzed using content analysis and non-parametric tests to examine the impact of factors such as titles and content categories. ResultsFrom 2016 to 2019, the number of WeChat public account followers increased by 280 000, with the articles accumulating over 8.8 million views. The median (P₂₅, P₇₅) open rate of articles was 5.90% (3.69%, 10.31%), and the median (P₂₅, P₇₅) sharing and forwarding rate was 6.60% (4.25%, 9.17%). Factors such as the use of first- and second-person pronouns, degree adverbs, negative adverbs, explicit viewpoints, and title length all significantly affected the open rate of articles, with OR (95%CI) values of 0.175 (0.041‒0.756), 32.606 (2.350‒452.432), 4.079 (1.093‒15.230), 0.106 (0.028‒0.409), and 1.184 (1.063‒1.319),respectively (all P<0.05). In terms of content, statistical significant differences in dissemination effectiveness were observed across article categories and themes (P<0.05). In terms of article categories, articles related to news hotspots and service information had higher open rates of 9.58% and 14.00%, respectively. These two types of articles also obtained higher sharing and forwarding rates of 7.65% and 9.16%, respectively. In terms of article topics, compared with healthy life and health products, among the top four topics in terms of publication volume, the open rates of articles about infectious diseases and disease-causing biology and immunization programs were higher, accounting for 7.88% and 6.88%, respectively, with no significant difference in sharing and forwarding rates. ConclusionThe "Shanghai CDC" WeChat public account demonstrated good dissemination effectiveness. Enhancing article titles by increasing informational content and degree adverbs (e.g., "highly," "most," and "extremely") and negative adverbs (e.g., "no") can improve dissemination reach. Public health WeChat accounts should incorporate news hotspots or service information in their articles. While maintaining their strengths in disseminating knowledge on infectious diseases and immunization programs, they should also enhance public education in other professional fields within their scope of responsibility to improve the overall dissemination impact of health information.

[Objective] To conduct a retrospective statistical comparison of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) test values in blood donors prior to blood collection, aiming to analyze the objective characteristics of the population with elevated ALT levels (ALT>50 U/L) and provide reference data for adjusting the screening eligibility threshold for ALT. [Methods] The preliminary ALT screening data of 30 341 blood donor samples collected prior to blood donation from three smart blood donation sites at the Shenzhen Blood Center between 2022 and 2023 were extracted and compared with data from a health examination department of a tertiary hospital in Shenzhen (representing the general population, n=24 906). Both datasets were categorized and statistically described. A retrospective analysis was conducted to examine the associations between ALT test results and factors such as donors' gender, age, ethnicity, donation site, donation season, and frequency of blood donation. [Results] The ALT levels in both blood donors and the general population were non-normally distributed. The 95th percentile of ALT values was calculated as 61.4 U/L (male: 67.8 U/L, female: 39.3 U/L) for blood donors and 58.1 U/L (male: 63.7 U/L, female: 51.2 U/L) for the general population. The non-compliance rates (ALT>50 U/L) were 7.65% (2 321/30 341) in blood donors and 7.08% (1 763/24 906) in the general population. There were significant differences (P<0.05) in the ALT failure rate among blood donors based on gender, age, and donation site, but no significant differences (P>0.05) during the blood donation season. There was no statistically significant difference (P>0.05) in the positive rates of four serological markers (HBsAg, anti HCV, HIV Ag/Ab, anti TP) for blood screening pathogens between ALT unqualified and qualified individuals (2.05% vs 1.5%). If the ALT qualification threshold was raised from 50 U/L to 90 U/L, the non qualification rates of male and female blood donors would decrease from 9.82% (2 074/21 125) to 2.23% (471/21 125) and from 2.70% (249/9 216) to 0.75% (69/9 216), respectively. Among the 154 blood donors who donated blood more than 3 times, 88.31% of the 248 ALT test results were in the range of 50-90 U/L. Among them, 9 cases had ALT>130 U/L, and ALT was converted to qualified in subsequent blood donations. [Conclusion] There are differences in the ALT failure rate among blood donors of different genders and ages, and different blood donation sites and operators can also affect the ALT detection values of blood donors. The vast majority of blood donors with ALT failure are caused by transient and non pathological factors. With the widespread use of blood virus nucleic acid testing, appropriately increasing the ALT qualification threshold for blood donors can expand the qualified population and alleviate the shortage of blood sources, and the risk of blood safety will not increase.

Acute lung injury (ALI) has been a kind of acute and severe disease that is mainly characterized by systemic uncontrolled inflammatory response to the production of huge amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the lung tissue. Given the critical role of ROS in ALI, a Fe₃O₄ loaded bovine serum albumin (BSA) nanocluster (BF) was developed to act as a nanomedicine for the treatment of ALI. Combining with NIR irradiation, it exhibited excellent ROS scavenging capacity. Significantly, it also displayed the excellent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory functions for lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induced macrophages (RAW264.7), and Sprague Dawley rats via lowering intracellular ROS levels, reducing inflammatory factors expression levels, inducing macrophage M2 polarization, inhibiting NF-κB signaling pathway, increasing CD4⁺/CD8⁺ T cell ratios, as well as upregulating HSP70 and CD31 expression levels to reprogram redox homeostasis, reduce systemic inflammation, activate immunoregulation, and accelerate lung tissue repair, finally achieving the synergistic enhancement of ALI immunotherapy. It finally provides an effective therapeutic strategy of BF + NIR for the management of inflammation related diseases.

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OBJECTIVES: This study aims to use 3D prin-ting technology based on the principle of stereo lithography apparatus (SLA) to shape dental lithium disilicate ceramics and study the effects of different slurry proportions on the microstructure and properties of heat-treated samples. METHODS: The experimental group comprised lithium disilicate ceramics manufactured through SLA 3D printing, and the control group comprised lithium disilicate ceramics (IPS e.max CAD) fabricated through commercial milling. An array of different particle sizes of lithium disilicate ceramic powder materials (nano and micron) was selected for mixing with photocurable acrylate resin. The proportion of experimental raw materials was adjusted to prepare five groups of ceramic slurries for 3D printing (Groups S1-S5) on the basis of rheological properties, stability, and other factors. Printing, debonding, and sintering were conducted on the experimental group with the optimal ratio, followed by measurements of microstructure, crystallographic information, shrinkage, and mechanical properties. RESULTS: Five groups of lithium disilicate ceramic slurries were prepared, of which two groups with high solid content (75%) (Groups S2 and S3) were selected for 3D printing. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy results showed that lithium disilicate was the main crystalline phase in Groups S2 and S3, and its microstructure was slender, uniform, and compact. The average grain sizes of Groups S2 and S3 were (559.79±84.58) nm and (388.26±61.49) nm, respectively (P<0.05). Energy spectroscopy revealed that the samples in the two groups contained a high proportion of Si and O elements. After heat treatment, the shrinkage rate of the two groups of ceramic samples was 18.00%-20.71%. Test results revealed no statistical difference in all mechanical properties between Groups S2 and S3 (P>0.05). The flexural strengths of Groups S2 and S3 were (231.79±21.71) MPa and (214.86±46.64) MPa, respectively, which were lower than that of the IPS e.max CAD group (P<0.05). The elasticity modulus of Groups S2 and S3 were (87.40±12.99) GPa and (92.87±19.76) GPa, respectively, which did not significantly differ from that of the IPS e.max CAD group (P>0.05). The Vickers hardness values of Groups S2 and S3 were (6.53±0.19) GPa and (6.25±0.12) GPa, respectively, which were higher than that of the IPS e.max CAD group (P<0.05). The fracture toughness values of Groups S2 and S3 were (1.57±0.28) MPa·m^0.5 and (1.38±0.17) MPa·m^0.5, respectively, which did not significantly differ from that of the IPS e.max CAD group (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS The combination of lithium disilicate ceramic powders with different particle sizes can yield a slurry with high solid content (75%) and suitable viscosity and stability. The dental lithium disilicate ceramic material is successfully prepared by using 3D printing technology. The 3D-printed samples show a small shrinkage rate after heat treatment. Their microstructure conforms to the crystal phase of lithium disilicate ceramics, and their mechanical properties are close to those of milled lithium disilicate ceramics.
Printing, Three-Dimensional ; Dental Porcelain/chemistry* ; Ceramics/chemistry* ; Materials Testing ; Particle Size

Objective : To investigate the effects of cinnamaldehyde(CA) on the growth, metastasis and apoptosis of human endometriosis(EMs) cells and to explore whether the mechanism is related to ribosomal protein S7(RPS7) expression. Methods : Endometriosis cells were divided into control group, CA group, sh-NC group, CA+sh-RPS7 group. Effects of CA on cell growth in human endometriotic cells were determined using Cell Counting Kit-8(CCK-8) and colony formation assay. Effects of CA on cell metastasis were performed by motility assay and Transwell assay. Effects of CA on cell apoptosis were evaluated by Hoechst 33258 staining and flow cytometry. Meanwhile, the levels of PCNA, E-cadherin, Vimentin, Bax and Bcl-2 were evaluated using Western blot in human endometriotic cells with treatment CA. The expression of RPS7 was detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot assay. The RPS7 overexpression of human endometriotic cells was established by cell transfection. CA-mediated effects on cell proliferation and apoptosis were determined by CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry in human endometriotic cells with RPS7 overexpression. Results : CA repressed cell growth as well as down-regulated PCNA. The half inhibitory concentration(IC50) value was 53.60 μmol/L after 24 h treatment, and colony formation rate was 25.32%. Additionally, CA inhibited metastasis which was associated with downregulated Vimentin and upregulated E-cadherin. The relative migration rates were 35% and 29% as well as invasion rate was 40%. Further, CA induced apoptosis by cell cycle G2/M phase arrest and cell apoptosis rate was 25.1%, which related to the up-regulation of of Bax and the down-regulation of Bcl-2. CA inhibited the expression of RPS7 and overexpression of RPS7 promoted cell proliferation and suppressed apoptosis in CA-mediated cells. Conclusion CA inhibits cell growth, metastasis, and induces cell apoptosis by downregulating the expression of RPS7.

Objective To investigate the indications,therapeutic effects,and compatibility patterns of modified Sini San formulas.Methods Modified Sini San formulas recorded in the Selected Compilation of Encyclopedia of Chinese Medicinal Formulas were retrieved.Frequency analysis,cluster analysis,and association rule mining were performed on the herbs of Sini San modified formulas.Results A total of 34 modified Sini San formulas were included,involving 127 additional medicinals.Analysis of the properties,flavors,and meridian tropism of the top 30 high-frequency additional medicinals,including Chuanxiong Rhizoma,Angelicae Sinensis Radix,Scutellariae Radix,Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis,Rehmanniae Radix,Rhei Radix et Rhizoma,Poria,Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma,Cyperi Rhizoma,Pinelliae Rhizoma,Atractylodis Rhizoma,and Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium,revealed that the additional medicinals were predominantly warm in nature,bitter in flavor,and acted the spleen meridian.Cluster analysis yielded six categories of medicinal combinations.Association rule mining identified that Sini San was frequently prescribed by combining with single herbs of Chuanxiong Rhizoma,Angelicae Sinensis Radix,and Rehmanniae Radix,or with herbal groups of Chuanxiong Rhizoma-Angelicae Sinensis Radix,Angelicae Sinensis Radix-Rehmanniae Radix,Angelicae Sinensis Radix-Persicae Semen,Angelicae Sinensis Radix-Carthami Flos,Platycodonis Radix-Chuanxiong Rhizoma,and Carthami Flos-Persicae Semen-Angelicae Sinensis Radix.Conclusion Later physicians have expanded the application of Sini San after modification to treat externally contracted diseases with exterior syndrome,epidemic diseases,abdominal masses,eye disorders,and other conditions.Sini San is often used in combination with formulas such as Taohong Siwu Decoction and Yueju Pills.Commonly-paired additional medicinals fall into six primary categories corresponding to its expanded therapeutic applications,i.e.,stasis-resolving,blood-activating,exterior-releasing,qi-regulating,deficiency-supplementing,and purgative medicinals.The analytical results may provide new insights for modern clinical applications-pharmacological research on Sini San.

Objective To analyse the concept of subjective financial distress in cancer patients.Methods Papers in regarding the subjective financial distress were retrieved from the databases such as China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Wangfang Database,PubMed,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,CINAHL,and Embase from the inceptions to 16th October,2022.Walker and Avant's concept analysis was performed to analyse the acquired articles.Results A total of 48 articles were retrieved and included in the study.Walker and Avant's concept analysis showed that the subjective financial distress in the patients was subject to the 3 defining attributes:perceived economic risk,coping behaviours,and negative emotional reactions.The antecedents of this distress included individual factors,disease and treatment factors,and social factors.The consequences of them were the increase in negative health behaviours and poorer quality of life.Conclusions The attributes,antecedents and consequences of subjective financial distress,as identified through the conceptual analysis,can serve as a reference for subsequent researches.In future studies,it would be beneficial by further exploring the connotation by considering China's healthcare system.

OBJECTIVE To explore the neuroprotective effect and possible mechanism of celastrol （Cel） and its derivatives （Cel-1， Cel-2） in terms of neuroinflammation and oxidative damage. METHODS Neuroinflammation model of microglial BV2 cells was induced by 1 μg/mL lipopolysaccharide （LPS）； oxidative damage model of human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells was induced by 200 μmol/L hydrogen peroxide （H2O2）. The toxicity of different concentrations of Cel， Cel-1 and Cel-2 （0.625-20 μmol/L） to the two types of cells was investigated. The levels of nitric oxide （NO）， tumor necrosis factor α （TNF-α）， interleukin 1β （IL-1β）， and IL-6 in BV2 cells induced by LPS at safe concentrations （0.039-0.625 μmol/L） were all detected. The survival rate of SH-SY5Y cells induced by H2O2 was also determined. The expression levels of phosphoinositide 3-kinase （PI3K）， p-PI3K， protein kinase B （Akt）， p-Akt， cystatinase 3 （caspase-3）， B-cell lymphoma 2 （Bcl-2） and Bcl-2-related X protein （Bax） in SH- SY5Y cells induced by H2O2 at 0.156， 0.313， 0.625 μmol/L of active compound 2 were all detected. RESULTS In the concentration gradient range between 0.039 and 0.625 μmol/L， the results of neuroinflammation model experiments showed that Cel， Cel-1 and Cel-2 could reduce the contents of NO， TNF-α， IL-1β， and IL-6 in culture medium of BV2 cells （P＜0.05 or P＜ 0.01）； their IC50 values for neuroinflammation were （0.25±0.04）， （0.61±0.14） and （0.11±0.02） μmol/L respectively. Meanwhile， all of them could reverse the phenomenon of decreased cell survival rate after H2O2 treatment in the oxidative damage experiments at a certain concentration （P＜ 0.05 or P＜0.01）， with neuroprotective EC50 values of （0.43± XJC2023009） 0.08）， （0.45±0.04） and （0.28±0.03） μmol/L， respectively.Induced by H2O2， the phosphorylation of PI3K and Akt protein， protein expressions of Bcl-2 and Bcl-2/Bax ratio were all increased significantly （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）， while the protein expressions of caspase-3 and Bax were decreased significantly （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS Cel， Cel-1， and Cel-2 all have significant neuroprotective activities at certain concentrations， and Cel-2 shows the most significant protective effect. The mechanism of action of Cel-2 may be related to regulating the PI3K/Akt and caspase-3/Bcl-2/Bax signaling pathways， reducing the inflammatory response， oxidative stress damage and inhibiting neuronal apoptosis.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of 0.2% chloroprocaine combined with ropivacaine on epidural labor analgesia and median effective concentration （EC50） of ropivacaine. METHODS Totally 67 parturients who scheduled for vaginal delivery and required epidural labor analgesia were collected from our hospital from July to October 2023 and randomly divided into RL group （33 cases） and R group （34 cases）. The concentration of ropivacaine was determined by modified Dixon sequential method. RL group was given 0.2% Chloroprocaine hydrochloride injection+Ropivacaine hydrochloride injection+0.4 μg/mL Sufentanil citrate injection； R group was given Ropivacaine hydrochloride injection+0.4 μg/mL Sufentanil citrate injection. EC50 of ropivacaine， analgesic effect during delivery， total dosage of analgesic drugs， analgesic satisfaction score， the incidence of adverse reactions， delivery status， and Apgar score of newborns were observed in two groups. RESULTS EC50 of ropivacaine， onset time， remedial analgesia rate， the incidence of perineal distension and breakthrough pain and total dosage of analgesic drugs of RL group were significantly lower than R group， and analgesic satisfaction score was significantly higher than R group （P＜0.05）. There was no statistical significance in the incidence of adverse reactions such as numbness， weakness， and chills in the lower limbs， or the duration of labor， amount of bleeding， mode of delivery， and Apgar score of newborns between 2 groups （P＞0.05）. CONCLUSIONS For epidural labor analgesia， 0.2% chloroprocaine combined with ropivacaine can reduce EC50 of ropivacaine， improve analgesia effect and have good safety.