Objective To analyze the clinical, imaging, pathological characteristics and prognosis of renal mucinous tubular and spindle cell carcinoma (MTSCC), so as to provide preference for the differential diagnosis and clinical management of this disease.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical and follow-up data of 14 patients diagnosed with renal MTSCC at the Eastern Theater Command General Hospital during June 2021 and Aug.2025.Relevant literature was reviewed.Results Of the 14 patients, 10 were female (71.4%) and 4 were male (28.6%), with a mean age of 56.9 years. Pathological staging included pT1a in 6 cases, pT1b in 7 cases, and pT2b in 1 case.The median tumor diameter was 4.5 (range 2.0-11.0) cm.Twelve cases (85.7%) were asymptomatic and detected incidentally.On ultrasonography, most tumors exhibited well-defined margins and regular morphology (9/10, 90%) and appeared as homogeneous hypoechoic masses (7/10, 70%).All lesions demonstrated hypovascular features on imaging studies.Ten patients (71.4%) underwent laparoscopic radical nephrectomy, and 4(28.6%) received partial nephrectomy.Histologically, a distinctive architecture composed of tubular structures, spindle-shaped cells, and mucinous stroma was exhibited.Immunohistochemically, the positive rates of PAX-8, VIMENTIN and CK7 in tumor cells were 100% (13/13), 91.7% (11/12) and 84.6% (11/13), respectively.The Ki-67 proliferation index ranged from 2.0% to 40.0%.During a median follow-up of 25.0 (range4.9-0.0) months, no local recurrence or distant metastasis was observed.Conclusion Renal MTSCC is a rare subtype of renal cell carcinoma, typically lacking specific clinical symptoms and characterized by hypovascular imaging features.The tumor generally follows an indolent course with a favorable prognosis.For localized tumors, partial nephrectomy should be the primary consideration.For cases with high-risk pathological features such as sarcomatoid changes, due attention should be paid to the potential invasiveness and follow-up should be closely conducted.

This study investigates the neuroprotective potential of extracellular vesicles (EVs) delivering quercetin-3-O-β-d-glucuronic acid (QG-EVs) in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI). Targeted brain delivery of QG-EVs was confirmed, with neuron cells identified as pivotal in modulating CIRI through single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). Activating transcription factor 4 (Atf4) was highlighted as a critical regulatory factor, and in vitro studies revealed that silencing Atf4 diminished the neuroprotective effects of QG-EVs, increasing oxidative stress levels and neuronal apoptosis. In a CIRI mouse model, the knockdown of Atf4 attenuated the protective outcomes provided by QG-EVs, further affirming the role of Atf4 in mediating neuroprotection. Behavioral assessments and protein analysis showed that QG-EVs significantly reduced neuronal damage and pro-apoptotic markers, while improving neurological function via Atf4 upregulation. The outcomes hint at the potential of QG-EVs as a beneficial therapeutic modality to mitigate neuronal damage in CIRI by enhancing Atf4 expression, highlighting its potential for improving ischemic stroke outcomes.

The variants of pathogens causing major infectious diseases have a significant impact on the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of these diseases. Rapid identification and efficient treatment rely on the detection and identification technologies for these variants. Molecular diagnostic techniques have greatly improved the sensitivity, specificity, and speed of detecting variants of major infectious diseases. With the rapid advancement of sequencing technologies, both second-generation and third-generation sequencing have shown substantial potentials in identifying variants of major infectious diseases. This article reviews the research and application status of molecular diagnostic techniques for variants of severe acute respiratory coronavirus-2, mycobacterium tuberculosis, and human immunodeficiency virus, and prospects development directions in this field, aiming to provide references for the detection and identification of major infectious diseases variants.

Objective The aim of this study is to discuss the causal relationship between periodontal disease(PD)and prostate cancer(PCa).Methods A two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization(MR)analysis based on publicly statistical data from genome-wide association studies(GWAS)was conducted.MR Egger,weighted medium,simple mode and weighted mode were supplemented,while inverse variance weighted analysis(IVW)was the main method of analysis.Heterogeneity testing,pleiotropy testing and leave-one-out testing were used to assess the sensitivity and stabili-ty.Results The results of MR analysis showed that PD had no significant impact on the occurrence of PCa:East Asian(IVW,PD:OR=1.07,P=0.48);European(IVW,PD:OR=1.00,P=0.37,periodontitis:OR=1.03,P=0.14,chronic gingivitis:OR=0.99,P=0.37,chronic periodontitis:OR=1.03,P=0.22).The reverse MR analysis also did not show a causal relationship between PCa and PD:East Asian(IVW,PD:OR=0.97,P=0.22);European(IVW,PD:OR=0.84,P=0.44,periodontitis:OR=1.01,P=0.75,chronic gingivitis:OR=0.93,P=0.23,chronic periodontitis:OR=0.99,P=0.80).The results of other analysis were consistent with those of IVW analysis.Conclusions The results of our two-sample bidirectional MR analysis do not support a causal relationship between PD and PCa.

Purpose This study aimed to investigate the expression,function,and molecular mechanisms of ZNF384 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC),as well as its role in tumor progression and chemoresistance.Methods The expression of ZNF384 in ESCC cell lines and tissues was assessed using RT-qPCR.Correlations with TNM stage,invasion depth,lymph node metastasis,and prognosis were evaluated.In vitro assays were performed to examine the effects of ZNF384 on ESCC cell proliferation,migration,invasion,and chemosensitivity.Dual-luciferase reporter assays were conducted to determine the interaction between ZNF384 and FZD3,and to assess the activation of the Wnt signaling pathway.Results ZNF384 expression was significantly upregulated in ESCC cell lines and tissues(P＜0.01).Elevated ZNF384 expression was associated with advanced TNM stage,greater invasion depth,lymph node metastasis,and poor prognosis(P＜0.05).Functional assays demonstrated that ZNF384 overexpression promo-ted ESCC cell proliferation,migration,and invasion(all P＜0.01),whereas ZNF384 knockdown inhibited these processes and enhanced chemosensitivity to cisplatin(all P＜0.01).Mechanistic studies showed that ZNF384 directly bound to the FZD3 promoter,upregulated FZD3 expression,and activated the Wnt signaling pathway(P＜0.05).Overexpression of FZD3 partially reversed the inhibitory effects of ZNF384 knockdown on cell malignancy and chemore-sistance(P＜0.05).Conclusion ZNF384 promotes ESCC progression and reduces chemosensitivity through activa-tion of the FZD3/Wnt signaling pathway,suggesting its potential as a therapeutic target in ESCC.

Grounded theory, as a flexible and systematic research method, serves as an important tool for gaining an in-depth understanding of clinical phenomena and nursing practice. This paper reviews the origin and development of grounded theory, its concepts and classifications, methodological procedures, and the necessity, significance, and current status of its application in the field of hospice care. The aim is to enhance the scientific application of grounded theory in hospice care research in China.

The Blow-Fill-Seal(BFS)technology is a highly automated aseptic manufacturing process that significantly reduces contamination risks by integrating container blowing,filling,and sealing operations.First,this article introduced the core technical features of BFS equipment and its advantages in aseptic production,followed by a comparative analysis of regulatory requirements for BFS technology across different jurisdictions.Finally,in light of pharmaceutical industry trends,it explored the future development prospects of BFS technology in intelligent manufacturing and high-barrier material applications,while examining its potential value in personalized medicine and specialized drug production.

Objective To observe conventional color Doppler ultrasound(CDU)and contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)manifestations of solitary abdominal mass-forming lymphoma.Methods Thirty-two patients with solitary abdominal mass-forming lymphoma confirmed by pathology who underwent CDU examination were retrospectively included,among them 28 patients also received CEUS.CDU manifestations of lesions were observed,including the size,echogenicity,shape,margin,posterior acoustic features,blood flow,as well as presence of cord-like and reticular high echogenicity and vascular encasement or not.The enhancement distribution,degree and pattern of lesion during CEUS were recorded.Results CDU showed that solitary abdominal mass-forming lymphomas lesions mainly appeared as hypoechoic masses with heterogeneous internal echogenicity(24/32,75.00%),irregular shape(28/32,87.50%),clear margin(26/32,81.25%)and posterior acoustic enhancement(28/32,87.50%),with rich blood flow(Adler gradeⅡ—Ⅲ in 24 of 32,75.00%).Vascular encasement and reticular septation were noticed each in 8 cases(8/32,25.00%).During CEUS,peak intensity of contrast agents appeared rapidly in arterial phase,with common high enhancement(26/28,92.86%),which then washed out quickly after the peak or decreased slowly in arterial phase and low enhancement in venous phase.Diffuse distribution(26/28,92.86%),uniform enhancement pattern(20/28,71.43%)and absence of liquefied necrotic area inside(22/28,78.57%)were common findings.Conclusion CDU and CEUS manifestations of solitary abdominal mass-forming lymphoma had characteristics to a certain degree,which might be helpful to early diagnosis.

Grounded theory, as a flexible and systematic research method, serves as an important tool for gaining an in-depth understanding of clinical phenomena and nursing practice. This paper reviews the origin and development of grounded theory, its concepts and classifications, methodological procedures, and the necessity, significance, and current status of its application in the field of hospice care. The aim is to enhance the scientific application of grounded theory in hospice care research in China.

Objective To evaluate the quality of ketoconazole lotion produced by different domestic companies.Methods Legal standards and exploratory research were used to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of 45 batches(40 batch numbers)of ketoconazole lotion for national drug sampling inspection in 2024,including related substances,antioxidant content,packaging oxygen permeability,in vitro permeation test,and viscosity,antibacterial efficacy,irritation,microstructure,etc.Results The legal standard inspection pass rate was 100.0%.Correlation analysis found that the main factors affecting the quality of this product are prescription technology and packaging.Conclusion It is recommended that manufacturers optimize the prescription process as soon as possible,and pay attention to choose suitable packaging materials,effectively improve the quality of ketoconazole lotion.