Objective To analyze the clinical, imaging, pathological characteristics and prognosis of renal mucinous tubular and spindle cell carcinoma (MTSCC), so as to provide preference for the differential diagnosis and clinical management of this disease.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical and follow-up data of 14 patients diagnosed with renal MTSCC at the Eastern Theater Command General Hospital during June 2021 and Aug.2025.Relevant literature was reviewed.Results Of the 14 patients, 10 were female (71.4%) and 4 were male (28.6%), with a mean age of 56.9 years. Pathological staging included pT1a in 6 cases, pT1b in 7 cases, and pT2b in 1 case.The median tumor diameter was 4.5 (range 2.0-11.0) cm.Twelve cases (85.7%) were asymptomatic and detected incidentally.On ultrasonography, most tumors exhibited well-defined margins and regular morphology (9/10, 90%) and appeared as homogeneous hypoechoic masses (7/10, 70%).All lesions demonstrated hypovascular features on imaging studies.Ten patients (71.4%) underwent laparoscopic radical nephrectomy, and 4(28.6%) received partial nephrectomy.Histologically, a distinctive architecture composed of tubular structures, spindle-shaped cells, and mucinous stroma was exhibited.Immunohistochemically, the positive rates of PAX-8, VIMENTIN and CK7 in tumor cells were 100% (13/13), 91.7% (11/12) and 84.6% (11/13), respectively.The Ki-67 proliferation index ranged from 2.0% to 40.0%.During a median follow-up of 25.0 (range4.9-0.0) months, no local recurrence or distant metastasis was observed.Conclusion Renal MTSCC is a rare subtype of renal cell carcinoma, typically lacking specific clinical symptoms and characterized by hypovascular imaging features.The tumor generally follows an indolent course with a favorable prognosis.For localized tumors, partial nephrectomy should be the primary consideration.For cases with high-risk pathological features such as sarcomatoid changes, due attention should be paid to the potential invasiveness and follow-up should be closely conducted.

The variants of pathogens causing major infectious diseases have a significant impact on the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of these diseases. Rapid identification and efficient treatment rely on the detection and identification technologies for these variants. Molecular diagnostic techniques have greatly improved the sensitivity, specificity, and speed of detecting variants of major infectious diseases. With the rapid advancement of sequencing technologies, both second-generation and third-generation sequencing have shown substantial potentials in identifying variants of major infectious diseases. This article reviews the research and application status of molecular diagnostic techniques for variants of severe acute respiratory coronavirus-2, mycobacterium tuberculosis, and human immunodeficiency virus, and prospects development directions in this field, aiming to provide references for the detection and identification of major infectious diseases variants.

Objective To evaluate the quality of ketoconazole lotion produced by different domestic companies.Methods Legal standards and exploratory research were used to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of 45 batches(40 batch numbers)of ketoconazole lotion for national drug sampling inspection in 2024,including related substances,antioxidant content,packaging oxygen permeability,in vitro permeation test,and viscosity,antibacterial efficacy,irritation,microstructure,etc.Results The legal standard inspection pass rate was 100.0%.Correlation analysis found that the main factors affecting the quality of this product are prescription technology and packaging.Conclusion It is recommended that manufacturers optimize the prescription process as soon as possible,and pay attention to choose suitable packaging materials,effectively improve the quality of ketoconazole lotion.

Objective The aim of this study is to discuss the causal relationship between periodontal disease(PD)and prostate cancer(PCa).Methods A two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization(MR)analysis based on publicly statistical data from genome-wide association studies(GWAS)was conducted.MR Egger,weighted medium,simple mode and weighted mode were supplemented,while inverse variance weighted analysis(IVW)was the main method of analysis.Heterogeneity testing,pleiotropy testing and leave-one-out testing were used to assess the sensitivity and stabili-ty.Results The results of MR analysis showed that PD had no significant impact on the occurrence of PCa:East Asian(IVW,PD:OR=1.07,P=0.48);European(IVW,PD:OR=1.00,P=0.37,periodontitis:OR=1.03,P=0.14,chronic gingivitis:OR=0.99,P=0.37,chronic periodontitis:OR=1.03,P=0.22).The reverse MR analysis also did not show a causal relationship between PCa and PD:East Asian(IVW,PD:OR=0.97,P=0.22);European(IVW,PD:OR=0.84,P=0.44,periodontitis:OR=1.01,P=0.75,chronic gingivitis:OR=0.93,P=0.23,chronic periodontitis:OR=0.99,P=0.80).The results of other analysis were consistent with those of IVW analysis.Conclusions The results of our two-sample bidirectional MR analysis do not support a causal relationship between PD and PCa.

Objective To introduce the general testing methods for glass materials and containers for pharmaceutical packaging within the packaging material standard system in the 2025 Edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia,aiming to provide assistance for the implementation of these standards.Methods Introduce the general situation of the revision of general testing methods for glass materials and containers for pharmaceutical use.The improvement of new general testing method standards is summarized by contrasting the new version of the general testing methods for pharmaceutical glass materials and containers with the current standards.Results The general testing methods for pharmaceutical glass materials and containers in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2025 Edition are more scientific in structure,more rational and operational.Conclusion The 11 general testing methods will control the quality of pharmaceutical glass materials and containers,which could contribute to the enhancement of the quality and efficacy of drugs in our country.

Objective Interpret the method of determining the shading property for colored glass containers in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2025 edition)in detail,and provide theoretical guidance and technical support for the implementation of standards.Methods By summarizing and analyzing the related abroad standards for shading property of colored glass containers,combining with the results of experimental verification,the method for determining the shading property of colored glass containers was established in accordance with the requirements of the construction of the pharmaceutical packaging material system in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia.An explanation was provided for the selection of instruments and equipment,the requirements for the preparation of the samples,and the way of expressing the results.Results The method of determining the shading property for colored glass containers,formulated in conjunction with international standards,proposed scientifically reasonable operational requirements based on solid experimental verification data,and solved the problem of having no"method"to follow in the domestic shading property measurement.Conclusion The proposal of the method for determining the shading property of colored glass containers filled the industry gap,improved the pharmaceutical packaging material standard system,standardized the method operation,and was conducive to promoting industrial development and ensuring the safety of formulations.

The variants of pathogens causing major infectious diseases have a significant impact on the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of these diseases. Rapid identification and efficient treatment rely on the detection and identification technologies for these variants. Molecular diagnostic techniques have greatly improved the sensitivity, specificity, and speed of detecting variants of major infectious diseases. With the rapid advancement of sequencing technologies, both second-generation and third-generation sequencing have shown substantial potentials in identifying variants of major infectious diseases. This article reviews the research and application status of molecular diagnostic techniques for variants of severe acute respiratory coronavirus-2, mycobacterium tuberculosis, and human immunodeficiency virus, and prospects development directions in this field, aiming to provide references for the detection and identification of major infectious diseases variants.

Decision making of artificial nutrition and hydration (ANH) for hospice care patients has been recognized as a complex and controversial issue that significantly impacted end-stage comfort and quality of life. This article reviewed the significance, status and influencing factors of decision making of ANH for hospice care patients. By analyzing the shortcomings of existing researches and clinical practices, it put forward the prospects for future research, so as to improve the decision-making dilemmas faced by hospice care patients.

Objective To observe conventional color Doppler ultrasound(CDU)and contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)manifestations of solitary abdominal mass-forming lymphoma.Methods Thirty-two patients with solitary abdominal mass-forming lymphoma confirmed by pathology who underwent CDU examination were retrospectively included,among them 28 patients also received CEUS.CDU manifestations of lesions were observed,including the size,echogenicity,shape,margin,posterior acoustic features,blood flow,as well as presence of cord-like and reticular high echogenicity and vascular encasement or not.The enhancement distribution,degree and pattern of lesion during CEUS were recorded.Results CDU showed that solitary abdominal mass-forming lymphomas lesions mainly appeared as hypoechoic masses with heterogeneous internal echogenicity(24/32,75.00%),irregular shape(28/32,87.50%),clear margin(26/32,81.25%)and posterior acoustic enhancement(28/32,87.50%),with rich blood flow(Adler gradeⅡ—Ⅲ in 24 of 32,75.00%).Vascular encasement and reticular septation were noticed each in 8 cases(8/32,25.00%).During CEUS,peak intensity of contrast agents appeared rapidly in arterial phase,with common high enhancement(26/28,92.86%),which then washed out quickly after the peak or decreased slowly in arterial phase and low enhancement in venous phase.Diffuse distribution(26/28,92.86%),uniform enhancement pattern(20/28,71.43%)and absence of liquefied necrotic area inside(22/28,78.57%)were common findings.Conclusion CDU and CEUS manifestations of solitary abdominal mass-forming lymphoma had characteristics to a certain degree,which might be helpful to early diagnosis.

Objective To evaluate the quality of ketoconazole lotion produced by different domestic companies.Methods Legal standards and exploratory research were used to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of 45 batches(40 batch numbers)of ketoconazole lotion for national drug sampling inspection in 2024,including related substances,antioxidant content,packaging oxygen permeability,in vitro permeation test,and viscosity,antibacterial efficacy,irritation,microstructure,etc.Results The legal standard inspection pass rate was 100.0%.Correlation analysis found that the main factors affecting the quality of this product are prescription technology and packaging.Conclusion It is recommended that manufacturers optimize the prescription process as soon as possible,and pay attention to choose suitable packaging materials,effectively improve the quality of ketoconazole lotion.