Objective To establish a fingerprint spectrum for Qiangshen Oral Liquid;To predict its quality markers combined with network pharmacology.Methods HPLC-ELSD method was used to establish fingerprint spectrum of Qiangshen Oral Liquid,and common peaks were identified.Its targets and related pathways were predicted through network pharmacology.A component-target-pathway network was constructed,and molecular docking verification was performed to analyze the quality markers of Qiangshen Oral Liquid.Results The HPLC fingerprint spectrum of Qiangshen Oral Liquid was established.20 common peaks were identified and belonged to all prescription drug tastes.13 chromatographic peaks were located using reference standards.The similarity evaluation showed that the similarity of 19 batches of Qiangshen Oral Liquid ranged from 0 to 0.995.Network pharmacology identified 45 key targets related to 13 components,and KEGG enrichment analysis obtained 151 pathways.A component-target-pathway network was constructed,predicted that calycosin-7-O-glucoside,ginsenoside Rg1,ginsenoside Re,ginsenoside Rf,ginsenoside Rb1,astragaloside Ⅳ,ginsenoside Rd,ginsenoside Rb2,astragaloside Ⅱ,astragaloside Ⅰ,schisandrin A and panaxatriol were quality markers for Qiangshen Oral Liquid.Conclusion The fingerprint spectrum of Qiangshen Oral Liquid was established,and quality markers were predicted preliminarily,providing a reference for its standard establishment and quality evaluation.

Objective:To analyze and validate the reliability and validity of the social skills improvement system-rating scales Chinese version (parent version) (SSIS-RS-C) in middle school students.Method:A total of 1 486 parents of middle school students were recruited according to the cluster sampling method.The social responsiveness scale and strengths and difficulties questionnaire were used as criterion validity tools.A retest was conducted one month later.SPSS 27.0 was used for descriptive statistics, item analysis, internal consistency test, test-retest reliability test and criterion validity test. AMOS 24.0 was used to perform confirmatory factor analysis .Results:Item analysis indicated significant positive correlations between each item and the subscales ( r=0.293-0.782, all P<0.01), with significant differences in scores between high and low groups ( t=10.079-37.038, all P<0.01).Confirmatory factor analysis supported a seven-factor structure for the social skills subscale(communication, cooperation, assertion, responsibility, empathy, engagement and self control) and a five-factor structure for the problem behavior subscale (externalizing, bullying, hyperactivity/inattention, internalizing and autism spectrum) of the SSIS-RS-C.There was a positive correlation between the social skills subscale and prosocial behavior ( r=0.637, P<0.001), and between the problem behavior subscale and social impairments and difficult behaviors ( r=0.765, 0.688, both P<0.001).The Cronbach's α coefficients for the total scale, social skills subscale and problem behavior subscale were 0.934, 0.972 and 0.963, respectively.The test-retest correlation coefficients for the total score and the two subscales were 0.665, 0.871 and 0.598, respectively (all P<0.001). Conclusion:The SSIS-RS-C demonstrated good reliability and validity in the Chinese adolescent population.

BACKGROUND:Currently,numerous observational studies have frequently associated dietary antioxidant intake and circulating antioxidant levels with osteoarthritis.Nevertheless,the underlying causal mechanisms remain unclear.Therefore,this study employs publicly available genome-wide association data to investigate the causal associations between antioxidant intake,circulating levels,and osteoarthritis,offering evidence for the prevention and treatment of osteoarthritis.OBJECTIVE:To assess the potential causal associations between dietary antioxidants(including vitamins A,C,E,and carotenoids)and circulating antioxidants(such as Glutathione S-transferase,glutathione peroxidase,catalase,superoxide dismutase,ascorbic acid,α-tocopherol,γ-tocopherol,albumin,uric acid,bilirubin,zinc,and selenium)with osteoarthritis through Mendelian randomization.METHODS:Data from genome-wide association studies on four dietary antioxidants and twelve circulating antioxidants were employed as exposure variables.The outcome variable was the osteoarthritis consortium dataset,which comprised 77 052 osteoarthritis cases and 378 169 healthy controls.Causal effects were evaluated using the inverse variance-weighted method,MR-Egger regression,and the weighted median approach.Stability and reliability of the findings were assessed through horizontal pleiotropy tests and sensitivity analyses.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)These results demonstrated that dietary vitamin C intake was inversely associated with knee osteoarthritis risk(OR=0.83,95%CI:0.71-0.96,P=0.015).Conversely,vitamin E intake was positively associated with knee osteoarthritis(OR=1.20,95%CI:1.05-1.34,P=0.004)and both knee and hip osteoarthritis(OR=1.15,95%CI:1.03-1.27,P=0.008).(2)Circulating antioxidant albumin levels were negatively associated with knee(OR=0.94,95%CI:0.91-0.97,P=0.001),hip(OR=0.95,95%CI:0.91-0.99,P=0.03),and knee or hip osteoarthritis(OR=0.95,95%CI:0.92-0.98,P=0.01).Uric acid levels were positively associated with knee osteoarthritis(OR=1.10,95%CI:1.03-1.17,P=0.003).(3)Sensitivity analyses yielded consistent results without evidence of horizontal pleiotropy.(4)European genome-wide data indicated that vitamin C intake was associated with a decreased risk of knee osteoarthritis,and lower serum albumin levels were associated with reduced risks of knee and hip osteoarthritis.In contrast,vitamin E intake and higher serum uric acid were associated with an increased risk of knee osteoarthritis.These findings support public health education and osteoarthritis interventions,indicating that serum albumin could be a potential biomarker for risk assessment.(5)The study underscores the role of certain antioxidants in osteoarthritis prevention and provides evidence to inform nutritional guidelines and public health strategies for the Chinese population.Furthermore,it contributes to biomarker research in arthritis,facilitating the development of early diagnostic tools and risk assessment strategies for the Chinese population.

Objective:To analyze and validate the reliability and validity of the social skills improvement system-rating scales Chinese version (parent version) (SSIS-RS-C) in middle school students.Method:A total of 1 486 parents of middle school students were recruited according to the cluster sampling method.The social responsiveness scale and strengths and difficulties questionnaire were used as criterion validity tools.A retest was conducted one month later.SPSS 27.0 was used for descriptive statistics, item analysis, internal consistency test, test-retest reliability test and criterion validity test. AMOS 24.0 was used to perform confirmatory factor analysis .Results:Item analysis indicated significant positive correlations between each item and the subscales ( r=0.293-0.782, all P<0.01), with significant differences in scores between high and low groups ( t=10.079-37.038, all P<0.01).Confirmatory factor analysis supported a seven-factor structure for the social skills subscale(communication, cooperation, assertion, responsibility, empathy, engagement and self control) and a five-factor structure for the problem behavior subscale (externalizing, bullying, hyperactivity/inattention, internalizing and autism spectrum) of the SSIS-RS-C.There was a positive correlation between the social skills subscale and prosocial behavior ( r=0.637, P<0.001), and between the problem behavior subscale and social impairments and difficult behaviors ( r=0.765, 0.688, both P<0.001).The Cronbach's α coefficients for the total scale, social skills subscale and problem behavior subscale were 0.934, 0.972 and 0.963, respectively.The test-retest correlation coefficients for the total score and the two subscales were 0.665, 0.871 and 0.598, respectively (all P<0.001). Conclusion:The SSIS-RS-C demonstrated good reliability and validity in the Chinese adolescent population.

Objective:To systematically evaluate the predictive value of the reverse shock index multiplied by the Glasgow coma scale score (rSIG) for mortality of trauma patients.Methods:A comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify studies on the predictive value of rSIG for mortality of trauma patients in the following databases from inception to April 2025, including CNKI, Wanfang Data, SinoMed, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Embase. Two investigators independently screened the literature, extracted data, and assessed study quality according to predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The Quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies-2 (QUADAS-2) tool was used to evaluate the risk of bias in the included studies. Meta analysis was performed using Stata 17.0 software with a bivariate mixed-effects model. The following metrics were used to assess the predictive value of rSIG for mortality in trauma patients, including sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and area under the summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve (AUC). The influence of various factors on the predictive performance of rSIG was examined, including injury type, study design, region, sample size, cut-off value, rSIG measurement time, and outcome measures. Additionally, sensitivity analysis, Fagan′s nomogram, and Deeks′ funnel plot were employed to assess the robustness of the findings, clinical applicability, and publication bias.Results:A total of 15 studies involving 710 612 trauma patients were included, 26 105 of whom were deceased. Meta analysis results showed that rSIG had a pooled sensitivity of 0.78(95% CI 0.71, 0.84), a pooled specificity of 0.78(95% CI 0.68, 0.86), a pooled PLR of 3.60(95% CI 2.46, 5.27), a pooled NLR of 0.28(95% CI 0.22, 0.36), a pooled DOR of 12.70(95% CI 8.10, 19.91), and an AUC of 0.85(95% CI 0.81, 0.87) for predicting mortality of trauma patients. Subgroup analysis identified injury type as one of the major sources of heterogeneity, and the predictive specificity of rSIG was significantly higher in patients with multiple trauma (0.82) than in those with isolated traumatic brain injury (0.65) ( P<0.05). Sensitivity analysis indicated that the findings were robust and stable. Fagan′s nomogram showed that when the pre-test probability was 7%, the post-test probability of death increased to 21% in patients with low rSIG and decreased to 2% in those with high rSIG. Deeks′ funnel plots suggested no significant publication bias among the included studies ( P>0.05). Conclusion:Low rSIG has good predictive performance for mortality of trauma patients and can serve as an effective tool for early and rapid prognosis assessment with superior predictive performance in patients with multiple trauma compared to those with traumatic brain injury.

ObjectiveCardiovascular diseases pose a major public health challenge in China. The burden of cardiovascular disease associated with high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C） has increased steadily nationwide. A comprehensive analysis of secular trends in cardiovascular disease burden and its determinants is crucial for developing targeted interventions and evidence-based health policies. MethodsBased on data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021， we analyzed the trends in deaths， disability-adjusted life years （DALYs）， age-standardized mortality rates （ASMR）， and age-standardized DALY rates （ASDR） of cardiovascular diseases attributable to high LDL-C in China from 1990 to 2021 using Joinpoint regression analysis. An age-period-cohort model was applied to assess the contributions of age， period， and cohort effects to changes in the cardiovascular disease burden attributable to high LDL-C. Projections of the high LDL-C-attributable cardiovascular disease burden in China from 2022 to 2030 were generated using a Bayesian age-period-cohort model. ResultsBetween 1990 and 2021， China saw a substantial rise in both deaths and disability-adjusted life years （DALYs） from cardiovascular disease linked to high LDL-C. Joinpoint regression revealed key turning points in this trend： an overall increase continued until 2004， after which the burden began to fall starting in 2011. Throughout this period， age-standardized mortality and DALY rates were consistently higher in males than in females. Age-period-cohort analysis further indicated that mortality and DALY rates due to high LDL-C increased almost exponentially with age， while period and cohort risks generally decreased over time. Projections suggest a continued decline in age-standardized mortality rates from LDL-C-related cardiovascular disease for both Chinese men and women by 2030. ConclusionRapid population growth and accelerated ageing in China emerge as primary drivers of the escalating cardiovascular diseases burden linked to elevated LDL-C. The burden of cardiovascular diseases is higher in men compared to women. By 2030， the burden of cardiovascular disease caused by high LDL-C in China will remain severe. These findings underscore the critical need for gender-specific screening protocols， age-tailored interventions， and personalized management frameworks to mitigate this public health challenge.

With the advancement of China's healthcare reform,enhancing the capacity of primary healthcare services has become a pivotal task.Colorectal cancer,one of the most prevalent malignancies in China,highlights the critical importance of early screening and diagnosis to improve patient survival rates.This study,guided by the principles of Party building and Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics,examines the implementation and outcomes of a rural outreach program focused on colorectal cancer screening and diagnostic technologies.By promoting the dissemination of colorectal cancer screening initiatives,the paper aims to provide empirical evidence to support the deepening of primary-care services,foster high-quality ad-vancement of grassroots health services,and align with the national Healthy China Initiative,thereby more effectively safeguarding population health.

With the advancement of China's healthcare reform,enhancing the capacity of primary healthcare services has become a pivotal task.Colorectal cancer,one of the most prevalent malignancies in China,highlights the critical importance of early screening and diagnosis to improve patient survival rates.This study,guided by the principles of Party building and Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics,examines the implementation and outcomes of a rural outreach program focused on colorectal cancer screening and diagnostic technologies.By promoting the dissemination of colorectal cancer screening initiatives,the paper aims to provide empirical evidence to support the deepening of primary-care services,foster high-quality ad-vancement of grassroots health services,and align with the national Healthy China Initiative,thereby more effectively safeguarding population health.

Objective To establish a fingerprint spectrum for Qiangshen Oral Liquid;To predict its quality markers combined with network pharmacology.Methods HPLC-ELSD method was used to establish fingerprint spectrum of Qiangshen Oral Liquid,and common peaks were identified.Its targets and related pathways were predicted through network pharmacology.A component-target-pathway network was constructed,and molecular docking verification was performed to analyze the quality markers of Qiangshen Oral Liquid.Results The HPLC fingerprint spectrum of Qiangshen Oral Liquid was established.20 common peaks were identified and belonged to all prescription drug tastes.13 chromatographic peaks were located using reference standards.The similarity evaluation showed that the similarity of 19 batches of Qiangshen Oral Liquid ranged from 0 to 0.995.Network pharmacology identified 45 key targets related to 13 components,and KEGG enrichment analysis obtained 151 pathways.A component-target-pathway network was constructed,predicted that calycosin-7-O-glucoside,ginsenoside Rg1,ginsenoside Re,ginsenoside Rf,ginsenoside Rb1,astragaloside Ⅳ,ginsenoside Rd,ginsenoside Rb2,astragaloside Ⅱ,astragaloside Ⅰ,schisandrin A and panaxatriol were quality markers for Qiangshen Oral Liquid.Conclusion The fingerprint spectrum of Qiangshen Oral Liquid was established,and quality markers were predicted preliminarily,providing a reference for its standard establishment and quality evaluation.

BACKGROUND:Currently,numerous observational studies have frequently associated dietary antioxidant intake and circulating antioxidant levels with osteoarthritis.Nevertheless,the underlying causal mechanisms remain unclear.Therefore,this study employs publicly available genome-wide association data to investigate the causal associations between antioxidant intake,circulating levels,and osteoarthritis,offering evidence for the prevention and treatment of osteoarthritis.OBJECTIVE:To assess the potential causal associations between dietary antioxidants(including vitamins A,C,E,and carotenoids)and circulating antioxidants(such as Glutathione S-transferase,glutathione peroxidase,catalase,superoxide dismutase,ascorbic acid,α-tocopherol,γ-tocopherol,albumin,uric acid,bilirubin,zinc,and selenium)with osteoarthritis through Mendelian randomization.METHODS:Data from genome-wide association studies on four dietary antioxidants and twelve circulating antioxidants were employed as exposure variables.The outcome variable was the osteoarthritis consortium dataset,which comprised 77 052 osteoarthritis cases and 378 169 healthy controls.Causal effects were evaluated using the inverse variance-weighted method,MR-Egger regression,and the weighted median approach.Stability and reliability of the findings were assessed through horizontal pleiotropy tests and sensitivity analyses.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)These results demonstrated that dietary vitamin C intake was inversely associated with knee osteoarthritis risk(OR=0.83,95%CI:0.71-0.96,P=0.015).Conversely,vitamin E intake was positively associated with knee osteoarthritis(OR=1.20,95%CI:1.05-1.34,P=0.004)and both knee and hip osteoarthritis(OR=1.15,95%CI:1.03-1.27,P=0.008).(2)Circulating antioxidant albumin levels were negatively associated with knee(OR=0.94,95%CI:0.91-0.97,P=0.001),hip(OR=0.95,95%CI:0.91-0.99,P=0.03),and knee or hip osteoarthritis(OR=0.95,95%CI:0.92-0.98,P=0.01).Uric acid levels were positively associated with knee osteoarthritis(OR=1.10,95%CI:1.03-1.17,P=0.003).(3)Sensitivity analyses yielded consistent results without evidence of horizontal pleiotropy.(4)European genome-wide data indicated that vitamin C intake was associated with a decreased risk of knee osteoarthritis,and lower serum albumin levels were associated with reduced risks of knee and hip osteoarthritis.In contrast,vitamin E intake and higher serum uric acid were associated with an increased risk of knee osteoarthritis.These findings support public health education and osteoarthritis interventions,indicating that serum albumin could be a potential biomarker for risk assessment.(5)The study underscores the role of certain antioxidants in osteoarthritis prevention and provides evidence to inform nutritional guidelines and public health strategies for the Chinese population.Furthermore,it contributes to biomarker research in arthritis,facilitating the development of early diagnostic tools and risk assessment strategies for the Chinese population.