Objective:To understand the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of residents in areas endemic for severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) and the factors influencing these aspects, to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of SFTS among residents in endemic areas.Methods:A multi-stage sampling method was used to select subjects for a questionnaire survey, and the collected data were analyzed and compared.Results:The awareness rate of SFTS-related knowledge among residents in the endemic areas of Qingdao was 14.38%, while the awareness rate of tick-related knowledge was 69.78%. The mean score for protective attitudes among residents in the endemic areas was 24.50±4.09, and the mean score for protective behaviors was 11.20±2.76. Among residents of different ages, occupations, and educational levels, comparisons of SFTS-related knowledge awareness rates ( χ2=293.553, P<0.001; χ2=495.216, P<0.001; χ2=677.272, P<0.001), tick-related knowledge awareness rates ( χ2=29.986, P<0.001; χ2=23.239, P=0.002; χ2=41.003, P<0.001), protective attitude scores ( H=52.094, P<0.001; H=33.446, P<0.001; H=81.715, P<0.001), and protective behavior scores ( H=52.344, P<0.001; H=28.465, P<0.001; H=67.061, P<0.001) showed statistically significant differences. Comparisons of these same factors among residents of different genders showed no statistically significant differences ( χ2=1.159, P=0.282; χ2=0.298, P=0.585; t=-0.808, P=0.419; t=-1.229, P=0.219). Comparisons of tick-related knowledge awareness rates among residents with different frequencies of outdoor work showed no statistically significant differences ( χ2=5.367, P=0.147); however, comparisons of SFTS-related knowledge awareness rates, protective attitude scores, and protective behavior scores among residents with different frequencies of outdoor work showed statistically significant differences ( χ2=117.010, P<0.001; F=4.127, P=0.006; H=56.280, P<0.001). Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that older age, lower educational level, and less frequent outdoor work were associated with lower protective behavior scores ( t=-3.479, P<0.001; t=4.861, P<0.001; t=-7.753, P<0.001). Conclusions:Residents in the epidemic areas of SFTS have a low level of knowledge, attitude and practice. Factors influencing protective behaviors include age, occupation, educational level, and frequency of outdoor work. Farmers are a group that requires particular attention.

Purpose To investigate the predictive value of nomogram based on preoperative CT imaging for predicting programmed cell death receptor ligand 1(PD-L1)expression in patient with lung adenocarcinoma.Materials and Methods A total of 158 patients with lung adenocarcinoma were enrolled in Shenzhen people's Hospital from January 2021 to July 2022,of which 82 were negative for PD-L1 and 76 were positive for PD-L1.They were randomly divided into training set(n=119)and verification set(n=39)according to the proportion of 7:3.The significant characteristics between PD-L1 negative and PD-L1 positive were screened by univariate and multivariate Logistic regression to construct a clinical model.Radiomics features were extracted from preoperative CT images,and then features were screened and modeled.Finally,the combined model was established by clinical factors and radiomics features,which was visualized by nomogram.The diagnostic performance of the model was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic curves and area under the curve(AUC).Results The area under the curve(AUC)of the clinical model composed of carcinoembryonic antigen and vascular convergence sign was 0.774(95%CI 0.687-0.860)and 0.808(95%CI 0.670-0.947)in the training set and validation set,respectively.Through feature screening,the radiomics model was composed of 17 radiomics features,and the AUC of the training and validation sets was 0.837(95%CI 0.764-0.910)and 0.778(95%CI 0.633-0.923).The training set and validation set of the combined model composed of carcinoembryonic antigen,vascular convergence sign and radiomics score were AUC 0.892(95%CI 0.832-0.952)and 0.853(95%CI 0.737-0.968).In the training set,the AUC of the combined model was higher than that of the other two models(Z=-2.640,-2.855,P＜0.05).Conclusion Based on preoperative CT radiomics nomogram,it had high predictive efficacy on the expression of PD-L1 in lung adenocarcinoma and could provide decision-making support for the selection of clinical treatment regimens for lung adenocarcinoma patients.

Purpose To investigate the predictive value of nomogram based on preoperative CT imaging for predicting programmed cell death receptor ligand 1(PD-L1)expression in patient with lung adenocarcinoma.Materials and Methods A total of 158 patients with lung adenocarcinoma were enrolled in Shenzhen people's Hospital from January 2021 to July 2022,of which 82 were negative for PD-L1 and 76 were positive for PD-L1.They were randomly divided into training set(n=119)and verification set(n=39)according to the proportion of 7:3.The significant characteristics between PD-L1 negative and PD-L1 positive were screened by univariate and multivariate Logistic regression to construct a clinical model.Radiomics features were extracted from preoperative CT images,and then features were screened and modeled.Finally,the combined model was established by clinical factors and radiomics features,which was visualized by nomogram.The diagnostic performance of the model was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic curves and area under the curve(AUC).Results The area under the curve(AUC)of the clinical model composed of carcinoembryonic antigen and vascular convergence sign was 0.774(95%CI 0.687-0.860)and 0.808(95%CI 0.670-0.947)in the training set and validation set,respectively.Through feature screening,the radiomics model was composed of 17 radiomics features,and the AUC of the training and validation sets was 0.837(95%CI 0.764-0.910)and 0.778(95%CI 0.633-0.923).The training set and validation set of the combined model composed of carcinoembryonic antigen,vascular convergence sign and radiomics score were AUC 0.892(95%CI 0.832-0.952)and 0.853(95%CI 0.737-0.968).In the training set,the AUC of the combined model was higher than that of the other two models(Z=-2.640,-2.855,P＜0.05).Conclusion Based on preoperative CT radiomics nomogram,it had high predictive efficacy on the expression of PD-L1 in lung adenocarcinoma and could provide decision-making support for the selection of clinical treatment regimens for lung adenocarcinoma patients.

Objective:To understand the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of residents in areas endemic for severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) and the factors influencing these aspects, to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of SFTS among residents in endemic areas.Methods:A multi-stage sampling method was used to select subjects for a questionnaire survey, and the collected data were analyzed and compared.Results:The awareness rate of SFTS-related knowledge among residents in the endemic areas of Qingdao was 14.38%, while the awareness rate of tick-related knowledge was 69.78%. The mean score for protective attitudes among residents in the endemic areas was 24.50±4.09, and the mean score for protective behaviors was 11.20±2.76. Among residents of different ages, occupations, and educational levels, comparisons of SFTS-related knowledge awareness rates ( χ2=293.553, P<0.001; χ2=495.216, P<0.001; χ2=677.272, P<0.001), tick-related knowledge awareness rates ( χ2=29.986, P<0.001; χ2=23.239, P=0.002; χ2=41.003, P<0.001), protective attitude scores ( H=52.094, P<0.001; H=33.446, P<0.001; H=81.715, P<0.001), and protective behavior scores ( H=52.344, P<0.001; H=28.465, P<0.001; H=67.061, P<0.001) showed statistically significant differences. Comparisons of these same factors among residents of different genders showed no statistically significant differences ( χ2=1.159, P=0.282; χ2=0.298, P=0.585; t=-0.808, P=0.419; t=-1.229, P=0.219). Comparisons of tick-related knowledge awareness rates among residents with different frequencies of outdoor work showed no statistically significant differences ( χ2=5.367, P=0.147); however, comparisons of SFTS-related knowledge awareness rates, protective attitude scores, and protective behavior scores among residents with different frequencies of outdoor work showed statistically significant differences ( χ2=117.010, P<0.001; F=4.127, P=0.006; H=56.280, P<0.001). Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that older age, lower educational level, and less frequent outdoor work were associated with lower protective behavior scores ( t=-3.479, P<0.001; t=4.861, P<0.001; t=-7.753, P<0.001). Conclusions:Residents in the epidemic areas of SFTS have a low level of knowledge, attitude and practice. Factors influencing protective behaviors include age, occupation, educational level, and frequency of outdoor work. Farmers are a group that requires particular attention.

Objective: To explore the changes in ribosomal DNA copy number in peripheral blood among patients with pneumoconiosis and its influencing factors, so as to provide insights into prevention and treatment of pneumoconiosis. Methods: Eighty-eight patients with pneumoconiosis who visited a designated hospital and 71 community residents with no history of pneumoconiosis or dust exposure were selected as the pneumoconiosis group and control group, and age, smoking history, drinking history and cumulative years of exposure to dust were collected through questionnaire surveys. The copy number of 45S rDNA and 5S rDNA was detected using real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR, and the differences between the two groups were compared. Factors affecting the copy number of 45S rDNA and 5S rDNA were identified by a multiple linear regression model. Results: The pneumoconiosis group had a median age of 56.00 (interquartile range, 15.25) and a mean cumulative dust exposure duration of (12.40±8.08) years, with 56.82% smoking and 62.50% drinking. The control group had a median age of 64.00 (interquartile range, 37.00) years, with 32.39% smoking and 26.76% drinking. The median copy number of 45S rDNA in the pneumoconiosis group was 1.29 (interquartile range, 0.59), which was lower than 2.10 (interquartile range, 1.88) in the control group; the median copy number of 5S rDNA in the pneumoconiosis group was 5.33 (interquartile range, 0.85), which was higher than 4.66 (1.34) in the control group (both P<0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis identified age (β=-0.034) and pneumoconiosis (β=-1.595) as factors affecting 45S rDNA copy number, age (β=-0.013) as a factor affecting 5S rDNA copy number, and age (β=0.018) as a factor affecting 5S rDNA copy number in the pneumoconiosis group (all P<0.05). Conclusions Compared with community residents with no history of pneumoconiosis or dust exposure, the copy number of 45S rDNA in peripheral blood among patients with pneumoconiosis is reduced and the copy number of 5S rDNA is increased.

Objective To isolate and culture neural crest cells(NCCs)from lung tissue of mice and to identify the characteristics of the cells in order to provide a new cell model for studying lung injury and injure repair.Methods The mT/mG dual-fluorescence reporter mice and Wnt1-Cre transgenic mice were hybridized,and mT/mG;Wnt1-Cre transgenic mice were screened to obtain enhanced green fluorescent protein(EGFP)permanently labeled NCCs.Cell suspension of mouse lung tissue was prepared by enzymolysis.EGFP+cells(namely NCCs)were har-vested by flow cytometry.Primary culture was performed with DMEM/F12 culture medium optimized in the labora-tory,NCCs was characterized by immunofluorescence microscopy.Then NCCs differentiation was directed by mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells osteogenic induction.Results The mT/mG of EGFP permanently labeled NCCs was successfully obtained by hybridization and high-purity NCCs were isolated from Wnt1-Cre transgenic mice lung tissue.They can be cultured in vitro and with spindle morphology which was,similar to fibroblast adherent proliferation.NCCs expressed the neural crest stem cell marker Sox10 and induced to differentiate into osteoblasts.Conclusions NCCs isolated and cultured from lung tissue of mT/mG;Wnt1-Cre transgenic mice show stable prolif-eration and have the characteristics of neural crest stem cells,which may function as a potential cell model for re-search on lung tissue injury and the mechanism of repair.

Objective To explore the value of nomogram model based on clinical data and MRI findings for predicting simultaneous liver metastasis(SLM)of rectal cancer.Methods Clinical and MRI data of 356 patients with rectal cancer were randomly divided into training set(n=249,45 cases of SLM)and validation set(n=107,27 cases of SLM)at a ratio of 7∶3.Logistic regression analysis were used to screen the independent factors for predicting SLM of rectal cancer.The nomogram model was then constructed,and the efficacy of this model was evaluated.Results Tumor N-stage,serum carcinoembryonic antigen,carbohydrate antigen 19-9 and involvement of mesorectal fascia(MRF)or not were all independent factors for predicting SLM of rectal cancer.The area under the curve(AUC)of this nomogram model for predicting rectal cancer SLM in training set and validation set was 0.834(95％CI[0.776,0.893])and 0.769(95％CI[0.662,0.877]),respectively.The calibration curve showed good consistency between the predicted values and the measured values,and the decision curve analysis showed that the nomogram model had good clinical practicality.Conclusion The nomogram model based on clinical data and MRI findings could be used to predict SLM of rectal cancer.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the genetic basis for 7 families with gonadal mosaicism for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). METHODS: For the 7 families presented at the CITIC Xiangya Reproductive and Genetic Hospital from September 2014 to March 2022, clinical data were collected. Preimplantation genetic testing for monogenic disorders (PGT-M) was carried out for the mother of the proband from family 6. Peripheral venous blood samples of the probands, their mothers and other patients from the families, amniotic fluid samples from families 1 ~ 4 and biopsied cells of embryos cultured in vitro from family 6 were collected for the extraction of genomic DNA. Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) was carried out for the DMD gene, and short tandem repeat (STR)/single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based haplotypes were constructed for the probands, other patients, fetuses and embryos. RESULTS: The results of MLPA showed that the probands and the fetuses/probands' brothers in families 1 ~ 4, 5, 7 had carried the same DMD gene variants, whilst the probands' mothers were all normal. The proband in family 6 carried the same DMD gene variant with only 1 embryo (9 in total) cultured in vitro, and the DMD gene of the proband's mother and the fetus obtained through the PGT-M were normal. STR-based haplotype analysis showed that the probands and the fetuses/probands' brothers in families 1 ~ 3 and 5 have inherited the same maternal X chromosome. SNP-based haplotype analysis showed that the proband from family 6 has inherited the same maternal X chromosome with only 1 embryo (9 in total) cultured in vitro. The fetuses in families 1 and 6 (via PGT-M) were both confirmed to be healthy by follow up, whilst the mothers from families 2 and 3 had chosen induced labor. CONCLUSION Haplotype analysis based on STR/SNP is an effective method for judging gonad mosaicism. Gonad mosaicisms should be suspected for women who have given births to children with DMD gene variants but with a normal peripheral blood genotype. Prenatal diagnosis and reproductive intervention may be adapted to reduce the births of further affected children in such families.
Male ; Pregnancy ; Child ; Humans ; Female ; Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/diagnosis* ; Dystrophin/genetics* ; Mosaicism ; Exons ; Prenatal Diagnosis/methods* ; Nucleotides

Sunburn is an acute phototoxic reaction caused by excessive exposure of skin to solar ultravilet (UV) or artificial UV light sources. Studies show that sunburn is common in the general population, so that associated financial burden cannot be ignored. Meanwhile, sunburn at any age increases the risk of melanoma. Only by clarifying the influencing factors of sunburn can precise preventive measures be formulated. Although many studies have been conducted on the influencing factors of sunburn worldwide, there are great heterogeneity in reported influencing factors. In this paper, by means of systematic review, factors affecting sunburn were sorted out and summarized from four aspects, including demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, photosensitive phenotypes, UV-related environmental factors, and sun protection knowledge, attitude & behavior. Combined with population characteristics and data availability in China, our review provided reference for subsequent research and development of precise prevention and control strategies.

Objective: To establish a convenient non-invasive tracheal perfusion method for constructing a mouse model of silicosis-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Methods: The specific pathogen-free C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into control group and model group, with 15 mice in each group. After anesthesia, a 22G arteriovenous indwelling needle was used to inset into the trachea through the mice's mouth. The model group mice were perfused with 0.1 mL of silica suspension with a mass concentration of 25 g/L, and the mice in the control group were perfused with an equal volume of 0.9% sodium chloride solution. On the 7th, 14th, and 30th day after modeling, the body weight of the mice was measured, and the lung tissue morphology and pathological changes were observed. The expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and collagen type 1 alpha 1 (COL1A1) protein in lung tissue of mice was detected by immunofluorescence on the 30th day after modeling. Results: There was no death of mice in the two groups during the experiment. There was no significant difference in body weight between the two groups (P>0.05). The lung tissues of the mice in the model group were pinkish-gray and uneven in color on the 7th and 14th days after dust exposure. On the 30th day after dust exposure, the lung tissue of the mice in the model group was gray and hard, and unevenly distributed silicon nodules were visible by the naked eyes. The histopathology results of lung tissue showed that compared with the mice in control group, the model group mice exhibited persistent aggravation of pulmonary inflammation, thickening of alveolar septum, infiltration of inflammatory cells gradually clustering into clumps, and an increasing number of fibrous foci.On the 30th day after dust exposure, the relative expression of α-SMA and COL1A1 proteins in the lung of the model group was higher than those in the control group (median： 72.59 vs 5.91, 35.62 vs 10.07, both P<0.05). Conclusion: The method of tracheal perfusion silica suspension of mice using 22G arteriovenous indwelling needle can successfully construct an animal model of silicosis fibrosis. This method is convenient, safe and effective, and is worth promoting.