Objective:To explore the clinicopathological features of rectal neuroendocrine tumor (R-NET) G2, identify prognostic factors, and summarize treatment experience.Methods:The clinical data of patients diagnosed with R-NET G2 by pathological diagnosis admitted to Cancer Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from January 2003 to September 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. The Fisher's exact test and Kaplan-Meier curves were performed to analyze the association between pathological features and prognosis.Results:A total of 22 patients were enrolled in this study and 21 patients were followed up for a period of 6-98 months with a median follow-up time of 42 months. 5 patients died due to tumor progression during the follow-up period. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year cancer-specific survival (CSS) of the whole group were 100.0%, 92.9%, and 69.6%, respectively. Of the 22 patients, 20 underwent surgical treatment, of which 15 underwent postoperative adjuvant therapy; 2 underwent medical treatment for liver and bone multiple metastases. The 5-year survival rates of patients with tumours ≥2 cm in length, T2-3 stage, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis (57.1%, 68.8%, 66.7%, and 63.6%, respectively) were shorter than those of patients with tumours <2 cm in length, T1 stage, no lymph node metastasis, and no distant metastasis (all 100.0%, P＜0.001). In addition, patients with liver metastases had larger primary tumor diameters and higher T-stages compared with those without distant metastasis ( P＜0.05). Conclusions:R-NET G2 has a high degree of malignancy compared with G1 and a high propensity for metastasis. Clinicians should formulate appropriate diagnostic and treatment strategies based on factors such as tumor size, depth of invasion, lymph node status, presence of distant metastasis, and the location and extent of distant metastasis.

The clinical manifestations and genealogic test results of twin sisters with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) caused by the homozygous mutation of NCF1 treated at the Department of Pediatrics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University from May 2021 to January 2024 were reported.Case 1 (a 8-year-old girl) was admitted in May 2021 due to " epistaxis for two times and thrombocytopenia for more than 1 month", presenting tricytopenia, mainly thrombocytopenia.A homozygous mutation of NCF1 gene c. 269G > A (p.R90H) was detected in case 1, and she was subsequently diagnosed with SLE.Case 2 (a 11-year-old girl), the little sister of case 1, was admitted in January 2024 due to " repeated fever for more than 10 days, cough for 2 days, and convulsion once". The manifestations were reduced myelodysplasia, hemophagy accounted for 66%, and perineal ulcer during treatment.She was finally diagnosed with SLE and also had a homozygous mutation of NCF1 gene c. 269G > A (p.R90H).Their parents both carried the mutation.This case provides a reference for pathogenic mutations and phenotypes of NCF1.It suggests that close attention should be paid to the family history of patients in clinical diagnosis of SLE.

The clinical manifestations and genealogic test results of twin sisters with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) caused by the homozygous mutation of NCF1 treated at the Department of Pediatrics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University from May 2021 to January 2024 were reported.Case 1 (a 8-year-old girl) was admitted in May 2021 due to " epistaxis for two times and thrombocytopenia for more than 1 month", presenting tricytopenia, mainly thrombocytopenia.A homozygous mutation of NCF1 gene c. 269G > A (p.R90H) was detected in case 1, and she was subsequently diagnosed with SLE.Case 2 (a 11-year-old girl), the little sister of case 1, was admitted in January 2024 due to " repeated fever for more than 10 days, cough for 2 days, and convulsion once". The manifestations were reduced myelodysplasia, hemophagy accounted for 66%, and perineal ulcer during treatment.She was finally diagnosed with SLE and also had a homozygous mutation of NCF1 gene c. 269G > A (p.R90H).Their parents both carried the mutation.This case provides a reference for pathogenic mutations and phenotypes of NCF1.It suggests that close attention should be paid to the family history of patients in clinical diagnosis of SLE.

Objective:To explore the clinicopathological features of rectal neuroendocrine tumor (R-NET) G2, identify prognostic factors, and summarize treatment experience.Methods:The clinical data of patients diagnosed with R-NET G2 by pathological diagnosis admitted to Cancer Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from January 2003 to September 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. The Fisher's exact test and Kaplan-Meier curves were performed to analyze the association between pathological features and prognosis.Results:A total of 22 patients were enrolled in this study and 21 patients were followed up for a period of 6-98 months with a median follow-up time of 42 months. 5 patients died due to tumor progression during the follow-up period. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year cancer-specific survival (CSS) of the whole group were 100.0%, 92.9%, and 69.6%, respectively. Of the 22 patients, 20 underwent surgical treatment, of which 15 underwent postoperative adjuvant therapy; 2 underwent medical treatment for liver and bone multiple metastases. The 5-year survival rates of patients with tumours ≥2 cm in length, T2-3 stage, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis (57.1%, 68.8%, 66.7%, and 63.6%, respectively) were shorter than those of patients with tumours <2 cm in length, T1 stage, no lymph node metastasis, and no distant metastasis (all 100.0%, P＜0.001). In addition, patients with liver metastases had larger primary tumor diameters and higher T-stages compared with those without distant metastasis ( P＜0.05). Conclusions:R-NET G2 has a high degree of malignancy compared with G1 and a high propensity for metastasis. Clinicians should formulate appropriate diagnostic and treatment strategies based on factors such as tumor size, depth of invasion, lymph node status, presence of distant metastasis, and the location and extent of distant metastasis.

Objective:To evaluate the therapeutic effects of Yufu ointment for acute radiation-induced skin injury. Methods:We enrolled a total of 104 patients with malignant tumors who developed acute skin injury of grade 2-3 during or after the first course of radiotherapy from June 2019 to February 2023. The observation group ( n=53) and control group ( n=51) received external application of Yufu ointment and Shirun Shaoshang ointment, respectively. We recorded the changes in the grade of skin injury and associated symptoms (such as pain, itching, and burning sensation) and healing speed and time for the two groups. Results:A total of 102 patients completed the study, with 53 cases in the observation group and 49 cases in the control group. The incidence rate of moisture skin lesions in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (62.26% vs. 83.67%, P<0.05). The healing speed of moisture skin ulcerations was significantly faster in the observation group than in the control group (1.67 cm 2/d vs. 0.55 cm 2/d, P<0.05). The observation group had a significantly shorter time to skin injury healing than the control group (10.40 d vs. 14.41 d, P<0.05), significantly different for skin injury of grade 2 (10.21 d vs. 17.57 d, P<0.05) but not for skin injury of grades 2.5 and 3 ( P>0.05). Regarding clinical symptoms, both groups experienced significant reductions in pain and burning sensation scores after treatment ( P<0.05); the grade of itching was significantly decreased for the observation group ( P<0.05), but had no significant change for the control group after treatment ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Yufu ointment can significantly alleviate secondary damage for patients with acute radiation-induced skin injury, by accelerating the healing process and relieving symptoms such as pain, itching, and burning sensation with good tolerability, which deserves further promotion.

Objective To investigate the role and mechanism of SR8278,a synthetic antagonist of nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group D member 1(NR1D1),in alleviating the structural and functional impairment of the extraorbital lacrimal glands induced by jet lag in mice.Methods Totally 36 healthy wild C57BL/6J mice aged 8-10 weeks were randomly divid-ed into 3 groups(normal group,jet-lag group,and jet-lag+SR8278 group)after adapting to a circadian rhythm chamber under the 12 h light/12 h dark(12 h/12 h LD)cycle for 2 weeks,with 12 mice in each group.Mice in the normal group were fed in a circadian rhythm chamber in a 12 h LD cycle,mice in the jet-lag group were fed in a 12 h/12 h LD cycle with an 8-hour advanced LD schedule,and mice in the jet lag+SR8278 group were fed in a 12 h/12 h LD cycle with an 8-hour advanced LD schedule and received 25 mg·kg-1 SR8278.At the end of 5 days of intervention,locomotor activity,core body temperature and tear secretion of mice in each group were collected,and the weight of lacrimal gland tissues and size of lacrimal gland cells were measured.Immunohistochemical methods were used for histological evaluation of the extraor-bital lacrimal glands in mice.Lacrimal ribonucleic acid(RNA)was extracted for high-throughput RNA-sequencing analysis containing NR1D1,and the obtained transcriptomic data were used for KEGG and GO functional enrichment analysis.Re-sults Compared with the normal group,the jet-lag group had higher daytime activity,lower nighttime activity,higher daytime core body temperature,and lower nighttime core body temperature,with statistically significant differences(all P＜0.05).Compared with the jet-lag group,the jet-lag+SR8278 group had lower daytime activity,higher nighttime activi-ty,lower daytime core body temperature,and higher nighttime core body temperature,with statistically significant differ-ences(all P＜0.05).Compared with the normal group,the jet-lag group showed a decrease in lacrimal gland weight and tear secretion and an increase in size of lacrimal gland cells,with statistical significance(all P＜0.05);compared with the jet-lag group,the jet-lag+SR8278 group had an increase in lacrimal gland weight and tear secretion and a decrease in size of lacrimal gland cells,with statistical significance(all P＜0.05).Compared with the normal group,the jet-lag group showed a higher expression of NR1D1 in the lacrimal gland at night;compared with the jet-lag group,the jet-lag+SR8278 group showed a lower expression of NR1 D1 in the lacrimal gland at night(both P＜0.05).Bioinformatics analysis showed 947 significantly different genes in the jet-lag group and the jet-lag+SR8278 group,of which 43 are significantly upregulated genes,and 904 are significantly downregulated genes.The Notch signaling pathway has the most significant difference.Conclusion SR8278 effectively enhances the tear secretion function of jet-lagged mice by targeting NR1D1 inhibition.This process may be completed through the Notch signaling pathway.

Objective:To summarize the clinical nursing experience of a patient with retroperitoneal malignant teratoma resection combined with 3D printing prosthesis implantation.Methods:Psychological nursing should be done well before operation to eliminate the anxiety of patients.The application of 3D printed prosthesis model for health education can achieve a good effect of preoperative education. In addition, the preoperative nursing mode of multidisciplinary teamwork was adopted before pain relief and operation. Postoperative complications were closely observed.Continuous care of drainage tube and nursing of 3D printed prosthesis implantation were given.Results:After 23 d treatment and careful nursing, the patient was discharged successfully.Conclusions:The application of multidisciplinary teamwork preoperative nursing model can accelerate recovery of adult patients with retroperitoneal malignant teratoma resection combined with 3D printing prosthesis implantation, which is worthy of clinical learning and promotion.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of experiential health education on patients discharged from hospital with the tube after pancreaticoduodenectomy.Methods:A total of 65 patients admitted to the General Surgery Department of Peking University Third Hospital for pancreaticoduodenectomy from September 2020 to August 2021 were selected as the study objects by convenience sampling method. The 31 patients with pancreaticoduodenectomy who received routine education about drainage tube from September 2020 to February 2021 were selected as the control group, and 34 patients with pancreaticoduodenectomy who received experiential health education about drainage tube from March 2021 to August 2021 were selected as the study group. The self-nursing ability and self-management of drainage tube of the patients in both groups were observed.Results:The total score of drainage tube self-care ability, drainage bag fixation score, drainage bag replacement score, drainage fluid dumping score, anti-drainage tube pull score, drainage tube extrusion method score were 10.00(10.00, 10.00), 2.00(2.00, 2.00), 2.00(2.00, 2.00), 2.00(2.00, 2.00), 2.00(2.00, 2.00), 2.00(2.00, 2.00) points, Higher than the control group 5.00(4.00, 5.00), 1.00 (1.00, 1.00) and 1.00 (0.00, 1.00), 1.00 (1.00, 1.00) and 1.00 (1.00, 2.00), 1.00 (1.00, 1.00) points, the differences were statistically significant ( Z values were -7.31--5.78, all P<0.05).In the self-management of drainage tubes in the study group, the drainage tube pulling rate, the incidence of exudation around drainage tubes, and the rate of leakage of drainage fluid registration were 8.82% (3/34), 14.7% (5/34), and 5.88% (2/34), respectively, lower than 61.29% (19/31), 41.94% (13/31), and 87.10% (27/31) in the control group, with statistically significant differences ( χ2=19.94, 6.00, 43.28, all P<0.05). Conclusions:Experiential health education can effectively improve drainage tube self-care ability of patients after pancreaticoduodenectomy, promoting postoperative rehabilitation of patients.

As an important method to study the phenotype and function of organisms, transcriptome has become one of hot topics in current research. The transcriptomics research usually accompanies with massive data. With the increase of the amount of data, the rules and features hidden in it are not easy to be found. Transforming big data into visual graphics is the most undoubtedly intuitive way to display the hidden information of big data. Several graphs commonly used in transcriptome study were introduced in this paper, such as Venn diagram, heat map, principal component analysis scatter plot, enrichment analysis plot, and time series analysis plot, in order to help readers to choose suitable graphics in future studies.

As an important method to study the phenotype and function of organisms, transcriptome has become one of hot topics in current research. The transcriptomics research usually accompanies with massive data. With the increase of the amount of data, the rules and features hidden in it are not easy to be found. Transforming big data into visual graphics is the most undoubtedly intuitive way to display the hidden information of big data. Several graphs commonly used in transcriptome study were introduced in this paper, such as Venn diagram, heat map, principal component analysis scatter plot, enrichment analysis plot, and time series analysis plot, in order to help readers to choose suitable graphics in future studies.