OBJECTIVES: Mobile phone dependence has become increasingly prominent among university students, posing significant risks to their social functioning and mental health. Previous studies suggest that perfectionistic personality traits may be key psychological predictors of mobile phone dependence, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aims to identify core symptoms of mobile phone dependence among university students and to examine the pattern of associations between different dimensions of perfectionism and mobile phone dependence. METHODS: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted among 1404 university students nationwide. The Mobile Phone Involvement Questionnaire (MPIQ) and the Forst Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (FMPS) were used to assess mobile phone use and perfectionism traits. The EBIC-GLASSO network model was constructed to analyze the network structure linking perfectionism and mobile phone dependence. RESULTS: A total of 56.48% of university students in the sample met the criteria for mobile phone dependence. The total FMPS score was positively correlated with the total MPIQ score (r=0.47, P<0.001). Results of multiple linear regression controlling for demographic variables showed that dimensions of FMPS score significantly predicted MPIQ score (all P<0.05). Network analysis revealed that the central dimension in perfectionism is "organization" (expected influence=2.69) and the core symptom of mobile phone dependence was "I lose track of how much I am using my smartphone" (expected influence= 0.78). Bridge centrality analysis identified "organization" as a key bridging factor linking perfectionism and mobile phone dependence (bridge strength=1.96). Among the symptom-to-symptom connections, "parental expectations" showed the strongest positive association with "arguments have arisen with others because of my mobile phone use" (partial correlation coefficient=0.15), serving as a risk factor. In contrast, "organization" was most strongly negatively associated with the same symptom (partial correlation coefficient=-0.13), serving as a protective factor, suggesting a protective effect. CONCLUSIONS Mobile phone dependence is common among college students and is primarily characterized by a lack of self-control in phone use. Although perfectionism is generally positively associated with mobile phone dependence, its internal dimensions appear to exert a dual effect. Specifically, "parental expectations" and "doubt over actions" may increase the risk of mobile phone dependence, whereas "organization" serves as a protective factor, particularly against interpersonal conflicts related to phone dependency.
Humans ; Perfectionism ; Students/psychology* ; Cell Phone ; Universities ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Male ; Female ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; China ; Young Adult ; Adult ; Adolescent ; Personality

Human alphaherpesvirus 2 (HSV-2) is the main pathogen resulting human genital herpes, which poses a major threat to the socio-economic development, while there is no effective vaccine. In this study, we developed a novel lipopolyplex (LPP)-delivered mRNA vaccine expressing the HSV-2 envelope glycoprotein gD and evaluated its immunogenicity in mice. The mRNA vaccine was prepared from the genetically modified gD mRNA synthesized in vitro combined with the LPP delivery platform and it was named gD-ORI mRNA. The expression of gD antigen in the mRNA vaccine was validated in vitro by Western blotting and indirect immunofluorescence assay, then the immune responses induced by this mRNA vaccine in mice were evaluated. The immunization with gD mRNA alone induced strong humoral and cellular immune responses in mice. Robust and long-lasting gD-specific IgG antibodies were detected in the mouse serum after booster immunization with gD-ORI mRNA. The immunized mice exhibited a Th1/Th2 balanced IgG response and robust neutralizing antibodies against HSV-2, and a clear dose-response relationship was observed. The gD-specific IgG antibodies were maintained in mice for a long time, up to 18 weeks post-booster immunization. At the same time, multifunctional gD-specific CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells in vaccinated mice were detected by intracellular cytokine staining (ICS). This novel gD-expressing mRNA vaccine delivered by LPP induces strong and long-lasting immune responses in mice post booster immunization and has a promising prospect for development and application. This study provides scientific evidence and reference for the development of a new mRNA vaccine for HSV-2.
Animals ; Herpesvirus 2, Human/genetics* ; Viral Envelope Proteins/genetics* ; Mice ; Herpes Genitalis/immunology* ; RNA, Messenger/immunology* ; Female ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Antibodies, Viral/blood* ; mRNA Vaccines/immunology* ; Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood* ; Humans

Studies have suggested that the nucleus accumbens (NAc) is implicated in the pathophysiology of major depression; however, the regulatory strategy that targets the NAc to achieve an exclusive and outstanding anti-depression benefit has not been elucidated. Here, we identified a specific reduction of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in the subset of dopamine D1 receptor medium spiny neurons (D1-MSNs) in the NAc that promoted stress susceptibility, while the stimulation of cAMP production in NAc D1-MSNs efficiently rescued depression-like behaviors. Ketamine treatment enhanced cAMP both in D1-MSNs and dopamine D2 receptor medium spiny neurons (D2-MSNs) of depressed mice, however, the rapid antidepressant effect of ketamine solely depended on elevating cAMP in NAc D1-MSNs. We discovered that a higher dose of crocin markedly increased cAMP in the NAc and consistently relieved depression 24 h after oral administration, but not a lower dose. The fast onset property of crocin was verified through multicenter studies. Moreover, crocin specifically targeted at D1-MSN cAMP signaling in the NAc to relieve depression and had no effect on D2-MSN. These findings characterize a new strategy to achieve an exclusive and outstanding anti-depression benefit by elevating cAMP in D1-MSNs in the NAc, and provide a potential rapid antidepressant drug candidate, crocin.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between the methylation of apelin receptor early endogenous ligand ( APELA) gene promoter and preeclampsia. Methods:A systematic review was conducted to evaluate the cg02779075 locus methylation in APELA gene associated with preeclampsia in six previous studies on placenta genome-wide methylation based on the GEO gene expression database from 2007 to 2017. After testing the heterogeneity, the random-effects model was applied for meta-analysis. Placenta samples of 17 preeclamptic patients and 24 healthy gravidas were retrospectively collected in Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University from 2008 to 2010. MassARRAY was used to quantify the methylation level of CpGs, and the expression of APELA gene was determined by qRT-PCR. All data were analyzed by t test or Mann-Whitney U test. Results:(1) Analysis of the six genome-wide methylation studies showed significant heterogeneity ( I2=0.64, P=0.016) and the meta-analysis using random-effects model showed that the methylation of cg02779075 locus in the placenta samples of preeclamptic women was down-regulated significantly ( Pmeta=6.7×10 -6). (2) Placenta tissue analysis revealed that the methylation of CpG1 [0.12 (0.00-0.25) vs 0.21 (0.09-0.33), U=-2.569] and CpG2 [0.07 (0.01-0.14) vs 0.17 (0.09-0.34), U=-4.160] in patients with preeclampsia was significantly reduced compared with those in healthy control (both P<0.05). The expression of APELA gene in the placenta was up-regulated in patients with preeclampsia, but no significant difference was observed between the two groups ( U=0.891, P=0.384). Conclusions:Aberrant methylation of APELA gene promoter was detected in the placentas of patients with preeclampsia.

Objective:To investigate the risk factors of birth weight discordance in dichorionic diamniotic (DCDA) twins.Methods:This study retrospectively analyzed 1 757 cases of DCDA twin pregnancies from 11 Chinese hospitals from January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2017. Birth weight discordance was defined as ≥ 20% difference between the twins. All cases were divided into two groups: the concordant group ( n=1 520) and discordant group ( n=237). General information was compared and the high-risk factors of birth weight discordance were analyzed. Mann-Whitney U test, Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test, and logistic regression analysis were used as statistical methods. Results:Compared with the concordant group, the discordant group showed a higher incidence of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy [24.5% (58/237) vs 12.8% (194/1 520), χ2=22.882, P<0.05], fetal structural malformations [4.2% (10/237) vs 1.0% (15/1 520), χ2=15.160, P<0.05], fetal distress [6.3% (15/237) vs 1.4% (21/1 520), χ2=22.602, P<0.05], umbilical cord abnormalities [3.8% (9/237) vs 1.2% (18/1 520), χ2=7.607, P<0.05] and abnormal placental cord insertion [3.8% (9/237) vs 1.4% (21/1 520), χ2=34.904, P<0.05], but lower incidence of premature rupture of membranes [11.0% (26/237) vs 16.5% (250/1 520), χ2=4.645, P=0.034]. Logistic regression analysis showed that the independent risk factors of birth weight discordance in DCDA twins were hypertensive disorders of pregnancy ( OR=2.258, 95% CI: 1.620-3.184, P<0.001), fetal structural malformations ( OR=4.268, 95% CI: 1.892-9.631, P<0.001), umbilical cord abnormalities ( OR=2.889, 95% CI: 1.245-6.705, P=0.014) and abnormal placental cord insertion ( OR=2.318, 95% CI: 1.012-5.311, P=0.047). Conclusions:Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, fetal structural malformations, umbilical cord abnormalities and abnormal placental cord insertion may be the risk factors of birth weight discordance in DCDA twins.

Objective To understand the distribution of water iodine in the external environment of Shanxi Province, and to provide a basis for redefining and implementation of scientific iodine supplementation in iodine deficiency, iodine adequate or iodine high areas. Methods In 2012 - 2016, administrative villages (neighborhood committees)in 119 counties(cities,districts)in 11 cities of Shanxi Province were selected as the investigation units, and 1 to 5 drinking water samples were collected. Water iodine content was detected using arsenic-cerium catalytic spectrophotometry. Areas standard was designated: water iodine content < 10 μg/L as iodine deficiency areas, > 100 μg/L as iodine high areas. Results A total of 26 213 administrative villages (neighborhood committees) of 1 362 townships (towns) of 119 counties (cities, districts) were surveyed, covering 2 850.94 ten thousand people. A total of 32 766 water samples were collected and the median iodine was 5.2 μg/L. There were 18 199 villages with water iodine < 10 μg/L, accounting for 69.4% (covering 1 812.17 ten thousand people, accounting for 63.6%), 6 471 villages with water iodine 10-<50 μg/L,accounting for 24.7%(covering 787.44 ten thousand people,accounting for 27.6 %),1 166 villages with water iodine 50 - < 100 μg/L,accounting for 4.4% (covering 181.46 ten thousand people, accounting for 6.4%), 377 villages with water iodine ≥100 μg/L, accounting for 1.4%(covering 69.87 ten thousand people, accounting for 2.5%).In 1 362 townships (towns), 71.1% (969)water iodine median was<10 μg/L,24.2%(330)water iodine median was in 10-<50 μg/L,3.4%(46)water iodine median was in 50-<100 μg/L,and 1.2%(17) water iodine median was ≥100 μg/L. In 119 counties(cities,districts),there were 90 counties(accounting for 75.6%) with the water median < 10 μg/L, there were 26 counties (accounting for 21.8%) with the water median 10 - < 50 μg/L. Conclusions Most parts of Shanxi Province(or the resident population) are iodine deficiency areas, the external environment water iodine contents in the rest of the regions are different, we should adopt different iodine supplement or iodine reduction measures in regions with different water iodine levels.

Objective To study the nutritional status of pregnant women in Shanxi Province before and after the implementation of the new standards of iodized salt content,provide the basis for scientific supplementation of iodine for pregnant women.Methods According to the method of population proportion sampling,30 county-level monitoring sites were selected,a primary school was selected from each county (city,district) by the method of simple random sampling and 40 students in 2011 or 50 students in 2014 aged 8-10 years were selected in each school,direct titration was used to detect salt iodine;at the same time,20 pregnant women were selected from each town where the primary school was located and urinary iodine was determined using arsenic cerium catalytic spectrophotometry (WS/T 107-2006).Results A total of 1 182 and 1 437 salt samples was detected in Shanxi Province in 2011 and 2014,the median of salt iodine was 30.5 and 24.1 mg/kg,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant (H =567.45,P ＜ 0.01);it was 95.41％,80.31％,76.62％ of the coverage rate of iodized salt,qualified rate of iodized salt,qualified iodized salt consumption rate in 2014,respectively;which were compared with those in 2011 (97.63％,97.49％,95.18％),the differences were statistically significant (x2 =9.27,232.40,166.25,P ＜ 0.01).A total of 440 and 630 urinary samples of pregnant women were tested in 2011 and 2014,the median of urinary iodine was 279.6 and 177.1 μg/L,respectively,iodine nutrition of pregnant women was more than adequate in 2011,and iodine nutrition was suitable in 2014.The difference was statistically significant (H =153.89,P ＜ 0.01).The proportion of pregnant women's median of urinary iodine less than 150 μg/L in 2014 [41.11％ (259/ 630)] was significantly higher than that in 2011 [8.18％ (36/440),x2 =140.68,P ＜ 0.01].The constituent ratio of 250 to 500 μg/L was significantly decreased [23.65％ (149/630) vs 54.77％ (241/440),x2 =108.33,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion It is at a reasonable level of iodine nutrition level of pregnant women in Shanxi after the adjustment of iodized salt content,but the ratio of ＜ 150 μg/L is increasing,which needs to be paid attention to.

Objective KV-CBCT was utilized to evaluate the setup errors in lung SBRT with R624-SCF immobilization equipment,quantitatively analyze the percentage of all types of errors in the cumulative errors and unravel the main sources of setup errors.Methods The CBCT data weekly and QA data monthly from 32 patients diagnosed with lung neoplasms were collected to quantitatively analyze the setup errors.The cumulative errors were calculated by statistical model.The proportion and source of each type of setup error was analyzed.Results All 32 patients received a total of 420 times of CBCT.The setup errors of immobilization equipment in the lateral,supine-inferior,anterior-posterior directions were (0.03±0.72) mm,(0.73± 1.16) mm and (0.21±0.95) mm,respectively.The errors of tumor motion in three directions were (0.71±2.61) mm,(-0.80±2.60) mm and (0.075± 1.77) mm,respectively.According to the calculation formula proposed by Vance Keeling,the proportion of the cumulative error was 54.55％,9.21％ for immobilization equipment,12.97％ for tumor motion,2.55％ for couch sagging,5.70％ for Gantry radiation isocenter,4.73％ for Collimator radiation isocenter,4.61％ for couch radiation isocenter and 5.70％ for Xray field isocenter,respectively.Conclusions The main factors of setup errors during SBRT treatment for lung cancer are setup random,tumor motion,immobilization equipment,couch sagging and machine isocenter.During radiotherapy,targeted control of tumor motion is of significance for minimizing the cumulative errors.

Irreversible destruction of bronchi and alveoli can lead to multiple incurable lung diseases. Identifying lung stem/progenitor cells with regenerative capacity and utilizing them to reconstruct functional tissue is one of the biggest hopes to reverse the damage and cure such diseases. Here we showed that a rare population of SOX9 basal cells (BCs) located at airway epithelium rugae can regenerate adult human lung. Human SOX9 BCs can be readily isolated by bronchoscopic brushing and indefinitely expanded in feeder-free condition. Expanded human SOX9 BCs can give rise to alveolar and bronchiolar epithelium after being transplanted into injured mouse lung, with air-blood exchange system reconstructed and recipient's lung function improved. Manipulation of lung microenvironment with Pirfenidone to suppress TGF-β signaling could further boost the transplantation efficiency. Moreover, we conducted the first autologous SOX9 BCs transplantation clinical trial in two bronchiectasis patients. Lung tissue repair and pulmonary function enhancement was observed in patients 3-12 months after cell transplantation. Altogether our current work indicated that functional adult human lung structure can be reconstituted by orthotopic transplantation of tissue-specific stem/progenitor cells, which could be translated into a mature regenerative therapeutic strategy in near future.
Bronchiectasis ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Pulmonary Alveoli ; cytology ; metabolism ; SOX9 Transcription Factor ; genetics ; metabolism ; Stem Cell Transplantation ; methods ; Stem Cells ; cytology ; metabolism

PURPOSE: Accumulating evidence has shown that dysregulation of microRNA-191 (miR-191) is closely associated with tumorigenesis and progression in a wide range of cancers. This study aimed to explore the potential role of miR-191 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: miR-191 expression was assessed in 93 ESCC tissue specimens by real-time polymerase chain reaction, and survival analysis was performed via Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses. 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide, plate colony-forming, BrdU, and Transwell assays were conducted to observe the effect of miR-191 on ESCC proliferation and invasion. Luciferase reporter and western blot assays were taken to identify target genes of miR-191. RESULTS: miR-191 was overexpressed in 93 cases of ESCC, compared with adjacent normal tissues, and miR-191 expression was significantly related to differentiation, depth of invasion, TNM stage, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis of tumor. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses demonstrated that overexpression of miR-191 was an independent and significant predictor of ESCC prognosis. Both gain-of-function and loss-of-function experiments showed that miR-191 promoted ESCC cell proliferation and invasion activities in vitro. Early growth response 1 (EGR1), a tumor suppressor, was predicted as a direct target of miR-191. Luciferase reporter and western blot assays proved that miR-191 reduced EGR1 expression by directly binding its 3' untranslated region. Moreover, EGR1 knockdown by siRNA enhanced ESCC cell growth and invasion. CONCLUSION: Our findings provide specific biological roles of miR-191 in ESCC survival and progression. Targeting the novel miR-191/EGR1 axis represents a potential new therapeutic way to block ESCC development.
3' Untranslated Regions ; Blotting, Western ; Bromodeoxyuridine ; Carcinogenesis ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* ; Cell Proliferation ; Epithelial Cells* ; In Vitro Techniques ; Luciferases ; Lymph Nodes ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Prognosis* ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; RNA, Small Interfering