Objective: To investigate the correlation between the color parameters (L^*, a^*, b^*, Eab^* values) of Polygoni Multiflori Radix Praeparata powder prepared by different processing techniques and the contents of 2,3,5,4’-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, emodin, physcion, emodin-8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, physcion-8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside.
Methods: The L^*, a^*, b^* and Eab^* values of Polygoni Multiflori Radix Praeparata powder prepared by different processing techniques were determined by spectrophotometer, and the contents of the five components were determined by high performance liquid chromatography. Secondly, SPSS 26.0 software and Simca 14.1 software were used to analyze the correlation.
Results: Through the hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), it was found that the steamed samples and black bean steamed samples could be obviously divided into two categories: raw products and processed products. The processed products could be further divided into 2-8 h and 12-48 h. Pearson correlation analysis showed that the content of stilbene glycoside was significantly positively correlated with L^*, a^* and b^* values (P<0.01). The a^* value was significantly positively correlated with the content of emodin and physcion (P<0.01). Emodin-8-O-β-D-glucoside was positively correlated with L^* value and b^* value, while physcion-8-O-β-D-glucoside was negatively correlated with a^* value. Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS) showed that 2,3,5,4’-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside (VIP=1.69) and emodin-8-O-β-D-glucoside (VIP=1.06) were the key variables affecting chromaticity characteristics (P<0.01).
Conclusion: The three processes of steaming, black bean steaming and black bean stewing are consistent in composition transformation and chromaticity variation, and stilbene glycoside can be used as a specific index component to characterize the processed color. Chromatic parameters can effectively reflect the processing progression and serve as quality monitoring indicators during production.

The plant AT-rich sequence and zinc-binding protein (PLATZ) family is composed of plant-specific zinc finger-like transcription factors, which play important roles in plant growth, development, and stress tolerance. In this study, to gain a better understanding of the PLATZ gene in C. sinensis and elucidate its response under drought and high temperature conditions, the PLATZ gene family of the C. sinensis cultivar 'Tieguanyin' was systematically identified, and a total of 12 CsPLATZ family members were identified. Expasy online and other bioinformatics tools were used to analyze the members of the PLATZ gene family in terms of protein physicochemical properties, phylogenetic relationships, cis-acting elements, gene structures, and intra- and inter-species collinearity. The results of phylogenetic analysis classified the CsPLATZ family members into 2 subfamilies. The conserved domains and gene structures of PLATZ family members within the same subfamily had a high degree of consistency, whereas a certain degree of diversity was observed among the subfamilies. Twelve PLATZ genes were unevenly distributed across 7 chromosomes of C. sinensis and the promoter regions of these genes had multiple cis-acting elements related to hormone and stress responses. The collinearity analysis showed that there were 4 pairs of duplication events in the CsPLATZ gene family, all of which were segmental duplications. Based on this gene family, C. sinensis had a closer evolutionary relationship with A. thaliana than with O. sativa. The transcriptome analysis showed that the expression levels of CsPLATZ family members varied in different tissue samples of C. sinensis. 6 genes (CsPLATZ-1, CsPLATZ-2, CsPLATZ-3, CsPLATZ-4, CsPLATZ-6, and CsPLATZ-8) with high expression in shoots, young leaves, and roots were selected for high temperature and drought stress treatments, and their expression was quantified by qRT-PCR. The results indicated that the six genes might play important roles in the response to drought stress. In addition, CsPLATZ-2 and CsPLATZ-8 might have important functions in the response to high temperature stress. The results of this study will contribute to a better understanding of the biological functions of PLATZ genes and their possible roles in the growth, development, and stress responses of C. sinensis.
Droughts ; Camellia sinensis/physiology* ; Phylogeny ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Plant Proteins/genetics* ; Stress, Physiological/genetics* ; Multigene Family ; Transcription Factors/genetics* ; Hot Temperature ; Genes, Plant

Objective To investigate the correlation between levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)and atrial fibrillation in a hypertensive population.Methods Hypertension screening was performed in the Wuyuan County of Jiangxi Province from June to August 2022.Data were collected using face-to-face questionnaire surveys,physical measurements,and biochemical tests.Logistic regres-sion analysis was used to analyze the effect of LDL-C on atrial fibrillation.The restricted cubic spline method was used to fit the correlation curve.Results A total of 14 314 patients with hypertension were included in the analysis,with an average age of 65.7±9.2 years.There were 570 patients detected with atrial fibrillation(the rate of atrial fibrillation was 4.0％).The rates of atrial fibrillation for LDL-C＜1.80 mmol/L,1.80-＜2.60 mmol/L,2.60-＜3.40 mmol/L and≥3.40 mmol/L were 10.2％(67/654),5.7％(216/3 807),3.3％(189/5 805),and 2.4％(98/4 048),respectively.Logistic regression analysis showed that,compared with LDL-C＜1.80 mmol/L group,LDL-C 1.80-＜2.60 mmol/L group,2.60-＜3.40 mmol/L group,and ≥ 3.40 mmol/L group had a lower risk of atrial fibrillation(OR=0.53,95％CI:0.39-0.72,P＜0.001;OR=0.32,95％CI:0.23-0.45,P＜0.001;OR=0.22,95％CI:0.16-0.32,P＜0.001).Curve-fitting results showed that LDL-C levels were negatively associated with the risk of atrial fibrillation.Subgroup analysis showed that LDL-C level was negatively associated with the risk of atrial fibrillation in patients without a history of stroke(OR=0.51,95％CI:0.44-0.58,P＜0.001),while the association was not statistically significant in patients with a history of stroke(OR=0.80,95％CI:0.54-1.19,P=0.273).Conclusion In hyperten-sive patients without a history of stroke,LDL-C levels negatively correlated with the risk of atrial fibrillation.

Objective To investigate the correlation between levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)and atrial fibrillation in a hypertensive population.Methods Hypertension screening was performed in the Wuyuan County of Jiangxi Province from June to August 2022.Data were collected using face-to-face questionnaire surveys,physical measurements,and biochemical tests.Logistic regres-sion analysis was used to analyze the effect of LDL-C on atrial fibrillation.The restricted cubic spline method was used to fit the correlation curve.Results A total of 14 314 patients with hypertension were included in the analysis,with an average age of 65.7±9.2 years.There were 570 patients detected with atrial fibrillation(the rate of atrial fibrillation was 4.0％).The rates of atrial fibrillation for LDL-C＜1.80 mmol/L,1.80-＜2.60 mmol/L,2.60-＜3.40 mmol/L and≥3.40 mmol/L were 10.2％(67/654),5.7％(216/3 807),3.3％(189/5 805),and 2.4％(98/4 048),respectively.Logistic regression analysis showed that,compared with LDL-C＜1.80 mmol/L group,LDL-C 1.80-＜2.60 mmol/L group,2.60-＜3.40 mmol/L group,and ≥ 3.40 mmol/L group had a lower risk of atrial fibrillation(OR=0.53,95％CI:0.39-0.72,P＜0.001;OR=0.32,95％CI:0.23-0.45,P＜0.001;OR=0.22,95％CI:0.16-0.32,P＜0.001).Curve-fitting results showed that LDL-C levels were negatively associated with the risk of atrial fibrillation.Subgroup analysis showed that LDL-C level was negatively associated with the risk of atrial fibrillation in patients without a history of stroke(OR=0.51,95％CI:0.44-0.58,P＜0.001),while the association was not statistically significant in patients with a history of stroke(OR=0.80,95％CI:0.54-1.19,P=0.273).Conclusion In hyperten-sive patients without a history of stroke,LDL-C levels negatively correlated with the risk of atrial fibrillation.

Polygoni multiflori radix praeparata is a processed product of Polygoni multiflori radix(Polygonum multiflorum Thunb.),and its main components include stilbene glycosides,anthraquinones,flavonoids,alkaloids,phenolic acids,etc.It has antioxidant,antianemic,anti-tumor,hypoglycemic,anti-inflammatory effects,etc,and is widely used in clinical practice.The processing technology is mainly stewinging with black bean juice,steaming,processing for 9 times and braising and simmering.After processing,the color deepens and the content of composition changes.By consulting domestic and foreign literature,the research on Polygoni multiflori radix praeparata is not comprehensive enough compared with Polygoni multiflori radix.Therefore,this paper mainly summarizes the processing technology,chemical composition and pharmacological activity of Polygoni multiflori radix preparata reported in the past 20 years,and provides a reference for further development of Polygoni multiflori radix preparata.

Objective:To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 caused by 2019-nCoV Delta variant (B.1.617.2) in Gansu province, and provide evidence for the prevention and control of COVID-19.Methods:The information of COVID-19 cases, including demographic characteristics, epidemiological history, onset date, diagnosis date, exposure place, detection way and infection source, in Gansu from 17 October to 25 November, 2021 were collected. Software Excel 2016,SPSS 22 and ArcGIS 10.7 were used for data process and analysis.Results:As of November 25, 2021, a total of 146 COVID-19 cases had been reported in Gansu and the epidemic affected 10 counties (districts) in 5 cities. The epidemic of COVID-19 in Gansu had three stages: imported case stage,imported-local case stage and local case stage. The age of cases ranged from 1 to 87 years,and the cases in age group 18-59 years accounted for 59.59% (87/146). The male to female ratio of the cases was 1∶1.12 (69∶77). The cases were mainly people engaged in business services (17.12%, 25/146),retirees (15.75%, 23/146),students (13.70%, 20/146),the jobless and unemployed (12.33%, 18/146). In 3 epidemic stages, the cases aged 18-59 years accounted for 44.44%,54.41% and 70.00% respectively,showing an upward trend,and there were differences among different populations (trend χ2=23.24, P<0.001). Also, the incubation period of the cases tended to decrease, and severe cases accounted for 33.33% (6/18), 19.12% (13/68) and 3.33% (2/60) respectively, showing a downward trend. Community screening (25.34%, 37/146) and close contact screening were the main ways to detect cases,the cases detected by close contact screening in 3 epidemic stages accounted for 50.00% (9/18), 66.18% (45/68) and 86.67% (52/60) respectively. The epidemic had obvious case clustering in confined places,and the main exposure modes were living together (24.66%), working/studying together (11.64%), taking same transportation (9.59%) and dining together (9.59%). Conclusions:The COVID-19 epidemic in Gansu was caused by 2019-nCoV Delta variant from imported cases. The virus was mainly transmitted through travel, sharing transportation, dining together and home contact. The characteristics of COVID-19 epidemic in Gansu changed with time, the case's clinical symptoms were not obvious and the incubation period became shorter. The infections mainly occurred in group aged 18 years and above.

Objective:To understand the epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 cases in different epidemic stages in Gansu province.Methods:Epidemiological investigation was conducted to collect the information of confirmed COVID-19 cases, including demographic, epidemiological and clinical information.Results:As of 25 February 2020, a total of 91 confirmed COVID-19 cases had been reported in Gansu. The epidemic of COVID-19 in Gansu can be divided as three different stages, i.e. imported case stage, imported-case plus indigenous case stage, and indigenous case stage. A total of 63 cases were clustered cases (69.23%), 3 cases were medical staff infected with non-occupational exposure.The initial symptoms included fever (54.95%, 50/91), cough (52.75%, 48/91), or fatigue (28.57%, 26/91), the proportion of each symptom showed a decreasing trend along with the three epidemic stages, but only the differences in proportions of fever (trend χ2=2.20, P<0.05) and fatigue (trend χ2=3.18, P<0.05) among the three epidemic stages were statistically significant. The cases with critical severe symptoms accounted for 42.85% (6/14), 23.73% (14/59) and 16.67% (3/18), respectively, in three epidemic stages, showed a decreasing trend ( H=6.45, P<0.05). Also, the incubation period prolonged along with the epidemic stage ( F=51.65, P<0.01), but the intervals between disease onset and hospital visit ( F=5.32, P<0.01), disease onset and diagnosis ( F=5.25, P<0.01) became shorter along with the epidemic stage. Additionally, the basic reproduction number ( R0) had decreased from 2.61 in imported case stage to 0.66 in indigenous case stage. Conclusions:The COVID-19 epidemic in Gansu was caused by the imported cases, and about 2/3 cases were clustered ones. No medical worker was observed to be infected by occupational exposure. With the progression of COVID-19 epidemic in Gansu, the change in initial symptom and incubation period suggests. the early screening cannot only depend on body temperature monitoring.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of nifekalan (NIF) on cardioversion in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients post radiofrequency ablation, and investigate the relevant factors related to the cardioversion efficacy of NIF. Methods: We screened patients with sustained AF rhythm after radiofrequency ablation between November 2016 and July 2018. Participants were treated with intravenous NIF 0.4 mg/kg within 5-10 minutes after ablation. We observed the adverse reaction, and monitored the rhythm, heart rate, QT interval and QTc interval before the medication and at 5, 10, 20, 120 min after the medication. According to the drug outcome of NIF, patients were divided into conversion group and non-conversion group, related factors affecting conversion efficacy were evaluated using logistic regression analysis. Results: (1)A total of 116 patients were enrolled in the study (63 males and 53 females, mean age was (64±18) years). Among them, 72 patients were converted to sinus rhythm, and the overall successful rate was 62.1%. There were 84 patients with persistent AF, of which 50 cases (59.2%) were restored to sinus rhythm. There were 32 patients with paroxysmal AF, 22 cases (68.8%) of them were restored to sinus rhythm. The conversion time was 1.5 to 12 (6.8±3.4)min. (2) In 116 patients, the QT interval and QTc interval were significantly longer after medication than before the drug administration (P<0.01), and peaked at about 10th min, and restored to the level before drug administration at about 120th min. (3) There were 8 cases of bradycardia (6.9%), 3 cases of frequent and short ventricular tachycardia (2.6%). (4) The duration of atrial fibrillation was shorter and left atrial diameter was smaller in the cardioversion group than in the non-cardioversion group (both P<0.05). There were no significant differences in gender, disease history, atrial fibrillation type and structural heart disease between the two groups (P>0.05). (5) Multifactorial logistic regression analysis showed that the duration of atrial fibrillation (OR=0.980, 95%CI 0.966-0.994, P=0.004) and the left atrial diameter (OR=0.888, 95%CI 0.814-0.967, P=0.007) were the factors that influence the cardioversion efficacy of NIF on atrial fibrillation post ablation. Conclusions The total effective rate of NIF was 62.1% in patients witrh sustained AF post radiofrequency ablation, was 68.8% in patients with paroxysmal AF. Besides, NIF has the advantage of short conversion time and few adverse reactions. Left atrium diameter and AF duration were relevant factors that influence the efficacy of NIF of cardioversion in patients with sustained AF after radiofrequency ablation.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of nifekalan (NIF) on cardioversion in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients post radiofrequency ablation, and investigate the relevant factors related to the cardioversion efficacy of NIF. Methods We screened patients with sustained AF rhythm after radiofrequency ablation between November 2016 and July 2018. Participants were treated with intravenous NIF 0.4 mg/kg within 5-10 minutes after ablation. We observed the adverse reaction, and monitored the rhythm, heart rate, QT interval and QTc interval before the medication and at 5, 10, 20, 120 min after the medication. According to the drug outcome of NIF, patients were divided into conversion group and non?conversion group, related factors affecting conversion efficacy were evaluated using logistic regression analysis. Results (1)A total of 116 patients were enrolled in the study (63 males and 53 females, mean age was (64±18) years). Among them, 72 patients were converted to sinus rhythm, and the overall successful rate was 62.1%. There were 84 patients with persistent AF, of which 50 cases (59.2%) were restored to sinus rhythm. There were 32 patients with paroxysmal AF, 22 cases (68.8%) of them were restored to sinus rhythm. The conversion time was 1.5 to 12 (6.8±3.4)min. (2) In 116 patients, the QT interval and QTc interval were significantly longer after medication than before the drug administration (P<0.01), and peaked at about 10th min, and restored to the level before drug administration at about 120th min. (3) There were 8 cases of bradycardia (6.9%), 3 cases of frequent and short ventricular tachycardia (2.6%). (4) The duration of atrial fibrillation was shorter and left atrial diameter was smaller in the cardioversion group than in the non?cardioversion group (both P<0.05). There were no significant differences in gender, disease history, atrial fibrillation type and structural heart disease between the two groups (P>0.05). (5) Multifactorial logistic regression analysis showed that the duration of atrial fibrillation ( OR=0.980, 95%CI 0.966-0.994, P=0.004) and the left atrial diameter ( OR=0.888, 95%CI 0.814-0.967, P=0.007) were the factors that influence the cardioversion efficacy of NIF on atrial fibrillation post ablation. Conclusions The total effective rate of NIF was 62.1% in patients witrh sustained AF post radiofrequency ablation, was 68.8% in patients with paroxysmal AF. Besides, NIF has the advantage of short conversion time and few adverse reactions. Left atrium diameter and AF duration were relevant factors that influence the efficacy of NIF of cardioversion in patients with sustained AF after radiofrequency ablation.

Objective: To discuss the prevalence and influential factors of stroke among population in Jiangxi Province. Methods: Four cities in urban areas and four counties in rural areas were selected firstly, in which two districts or townships were selected; and then three communities or villages were chosen from each district and township, respectively, using the simple random sampling (SRS) method. Finally 15 269 subjects aging 15 years old or above, living in Jiangxi Province ≥6 months were randomly selected to participate in this survey from November 2013 to August 2014. Information of population characteristics, life behavior way, individual disease history were collected through questionnaire survey, and height, weight, waist circumference, blood pressure, body fat rate, visceral fat index and so on were measured by instruments. Risk factors of stroke prevalence were analyzed by the unconditioned logistic regression analysis. Results: A total of 15 269 participants (6 267 males) from 15 364 eligible participants were included in the statistical analysis. Out of which, 7 793 participants came from urban areas, and their average age was (53.04±17.91) years old. In this study, 226 stroke patients (117 males) were found among15 269 participants, including 122 urban participants and 104 rural participants, whose average age was (67.76±9.74) years old. The prevalence of stroke was 1 480.12/100 000 in 2014, which was separately 1 866.92/100 000 and 1 210.84/100 000 among males and females. The prevalence of people aging (45-49) years old was 413.79/100 000 (6/1 450) , while which among people aging 75 years old and above was 3 311.62/100 000 (61/1 842) . The prevalence of stroke among residents in Jiangxi presented an uprising tendency with age increasing (linear-by-linear association χ²=62.23, P<0.01). The research showed that when other influencing factors including gender, BMI, waist circumference, pulse-pressure difference, VAI, and sleeping time in non-working days were controlled, hypertensive patients had a higher risk of stroke than people without hypertension (OR=6.88, 95%CI: 4.90-9.67), drinkers had a higher risk of stroke than non-drinkers (OR=1.56, 95%CI: 1.17-2.08), compared with people <65 years old, people aged 65-74 years old and ≥75 years old had a higher risk of stroke, the value of OR (95%CI) were 1.88 (1.36-2.59) and 1.97 (1.39-2.80), respectively, compared with people with normal body fat percentage, people whose body fat percentage on high side and people who with high body fat percentage had a higher risk of stroke, the value of OR (95%CI) were 1.71 (1.18-2.48) and 1.74 (1.18-2.56), respectively, people with sleep time >8 h had a higher risk of stroke than those with sleep time of 6-8 h. Conclusion There was a high stroke prevalence among residents in Jiangxi province. Hypertension, drinking, age, BFP and sleep duration were associated with stroke prevalence. Corresponding measures for high-risk population and risk factors should be strengthened to prevent and control the stroke.