Objective:To analyze the trabecular bone score (TBS) and its association with muscle health in the postmenopausal population.Methods:It was a cross-sectional study. A total of 214 postmenopausal individuals who underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry testing at the Beijing Research Institute of Sports Science between January and December 2023 were consecutively included. The participants were divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of osteoporosis (OP): 62 cases in the OP group and 152 cases in the non-OP group. All subjects completed body composition assessments and scans of bilateral hip and lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD)(All the BMD in this study were areal BMD). Demographic data, including age, age at menarche, age at menopause, and fracture history, were also collected. TBS was calculated using the TBS iNsight software. Muscle health indicators included upper limb, lower limb, trunk, and total muscle mass, lean body mass, appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI), and grip strength. The Pearson correlation analysis was used to determine the relationship between TBS and muscle health indicators, as well as between TBS and the BMD of lumbar spine (L 1-4). Further, multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to explore the independent association between TBS and muscle health indicators. Results:TBS, lean body mass, ASMI, grip strength, and muscle mass of the upper limb, lower limb, trunk, whole body in the OP group were all lower than those in the non-OP group [(1.27±0.07) vs (1.35±0.07) score, (36.64±3.45) vs (39.14±3.62) kg, (6.16±0.56) vs (6.44±0.63) kg/m2, (23.87±3.31) vs (25.34±4.33) kg, (3.54±0.47) vs (3.78±0.47) kg, (11.70±1.33) vs (12.68±1.49) kg, (16.57±1.68) vs (17.50±1.69) kg, and (34.91±3.33) vs (37.13±3.47) kg] (all P<0.05). Pearson analysis showed that TBS was positively correlated with lean body mass, ASMI, grip strength, and muscle mass of the upper limb, lower limb, whole body (all P<0.05). TBS was negatively correlated with age ( P<0.01). TBS was positively correlated with the BMD of lumbar spine (L 1-4) ( r=0.660, P<0.01). Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that ASMI was positively correlated with TBS ( β=0.284, P<0.01). Conclusion:In the postmenopausal population, individuals with OP have lower TBS. Furthermore, TBS is closely associated with muscle health.

Abstract In recent years, the prevalence of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents has risen rapidly, posing a serious threat to their physical and mental health. To provide scientific, systematic, and standardized weight management guidance for overweight and obese children and adolescents, the study focuses on the core concept of healthy lifestyle intervention, integrates multidisciplinary expert opinions and research findings,and proposes a comprehensive multidisciplinary intervention framework covering scientific exercise intervention, precise nutrition and diet, optimized sleep management, and standardized psychological support. It calls for the establishment of a multi agent collaborative management mechanism led by the government, implemented by families, fostered by schools, initiated by individuals, optimized by communities, reinforced by healthcare, and coordinated by multiple stakeholders. Emphasizing a child and adolescent centered approach, the consensus advocates for comprehensive, multi level, and personalized guidance strategies to promote the internalization and maintenance of a healthy lifestyle. It serves as a reference and provides recommendations for the effective prevention and control of overweight and obesity, and enhancing the health level of children and adolescents.

Objective:To analyze the trabecular bone score (TBS) and its association with muscle health in the postmenopausal population.Methods:It was a cross-sectional study. A total of 214 postmenopausal individuals who underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry testing at the Beijing Research Institute of Sports Science between January and December 2023 were consecutively included. The participants were divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of osteoporosis (OP): 62 cases in the OP group and 152 cases in the non-OP group. All subjects completed body composition assessments and scans of bilateral hip and lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD)(All the BMD in this study were areal BMD). Demographic data, including age, age at menarche, age at menopause, and fracture history, were also collected. TBS was calculated using the TBS iNsight software. Muscle health indicators included upper limb, lower limb, trunk, and total muscle mass, lean body mass, appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI), and grip strength. The Pearson correlation analysis was used to determine the relationship between TBS and muscle health indicators, as well as between TBS and the BMD of lumbar spine (L 1-4). Further, multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to explore the independent association between TBS and muscle health indicators. Results:TBS, lean body mass, ASMI, grip strength, and muscle mass of the upper limb, lower limb, trunk, whole body in the OP group were all lower than those in the non-OP group [(1.27±0.07) vs (1.35±0.07) score, (36.64±3.45) vs (39.14±3.62) kg, (6.16±0.56) vs (6.44±0.63) kg/m2, (23.87±3.31) vs (25.34±4.33) kg, (3.54±0.47) vs (3.78±0.47) kg, (11.70±1.33) vs (12.68±1.49) kg, (16.57±1.68) vs (17.50±1.69) kg, and (34.91±3.33) vs (37.13±3.47) kg] (all P<0.05). Pearson analysis showed that TBS was positively correlated with lean body mass, ASMI, grip strength, and muscle mass of the upper limb, lower limb, whole body (all P<0.05). TBS was negatively correlated with age ( P<0.01). TBS was positively correlated with the BMD of lumbar spine (L 1-4) ( r=0.660, P<0.01). Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that ASMI was positively correlated with TBS ( β=0.284, P<0.01). Conclusion:In the postmenopausal population, individuals with OP have lower TBS. Furthermore, TBS is closely associated with muscle health.

Objectives:The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of the cumulative workload of HUTT testing physicians on diagnostic outcomes. Methods:This study retrospectively and consecutively included the data of testing physicians and patients who underwent HUTT at Fuwai Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,from January 2016 to December 2022.Based on the cumulative workload of physicians during the period from the initiation of tilt tests at the hospital to the end of the study,the physicians were categorized into low (50-100 sases),moderate (100-350 sases),and high (1000-4000 sases) cumulative workload groups,the cumulatie workload of no physician is 351-999 sases.Additionally,physicians were grouped by sex,educational background,and professional title to analyze differences in diagnostic rates of tilt table test reports within and between these groups. Results:The study included 22 testing physicians and 6122 patients.There were statistically significant differences in the rates of positive,suspicious positive,and negative reports among the 22 physicians (P<0.001).The average suspicious positive report rate in the moderate cumulative workload group was significantly higher than in the low and high cumulative workload groups (3.21％ vs.1.09％ vs.1.62％,P=0.001).The suspicious positive report rate was higher in the female physician group compared to the male physician group (2.25％ vs.1.07％,P=0.017),in the undergraduate physician group compared to the postgraduate physician group (2.46％ vs.1.52％,P=0.013),and in the junior title group compared to the intermediate and senior title groups (3.40％ vs.1.75％ vs.2.53％,P=0.024).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that a moderate cumulative workload was an influencing factor for suspicious positive reports,regardless of whether negative or positive was used as the reference (all P<0.05). Conclusions:There are certain differences in the diagnostic report rates of HUTT among different individual physicians.Physicians with a moderate cumulative workload are more likely to issue suspicious positive HUTT diagnostic reports.

Objective:To explore the degree of fear of pain in bum patients and analyze the related factors of fear of pain.Methods:519 cases of bum inpatients were selected and investigated by using the Fear of Pain Ques-tionnaire(FPQ),the Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire(MCMQ)and the Family APGAR Index(APGAR).Re-sults:The score of fear of pain in burn patients was(95.5±16.3).The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the score of fear of pain was positively correlated with male,moderate and severe burn and hospitaliza-tion time over 4 weeks(β=0.22,0.35,0.41),and negatively correlated with the scores of family function of the Family APGAR Index and coping style of the Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire(β=-0.29,-0.16).Con-clusion:Male patients with moderate and severe bums who have been hospitalized for more than 4 weeks are more likely to have a higher level of fear of pain,and burn patients with better family function and coping style may have a lower degree of fear of pain.

Objective:To explore the clinical and genetic etiology of a Chinese pedigree affected with type 2 Long QT syndrome (LQTS).Methods:A pedigree with type 2 LQTS presented at Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital on August 23, 2019 was selected as the study subject. Peripheral blood samples were collected from the proband and her parents. Following extraction of genomic DNA, whole exome sequencing (WES) was carried out for the proband, and candidate variant was screened through functional annotation and protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis. Sanger sequencing was conducted to verify the pathogenicity of candidate variant. This study was approved by Medical Ethics Committee of the Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital (Ethics No. 2019-15).Results:WES revealed that the proband has harbored a missense variant of the KCNH2 gene, namely c. 1478A>G (p.Tyr493Cys), which was confirmed by Sanger sequencing to have inherited from her father. Based on the guidelines from the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG), the variant was classified as likely pathogenic (PM2_supporting+ PM5+ PP3+ PP4). Conclusion:The KCNH2 gene c. 1478A>G (p.Tyr493Cys) variant probably underlay the type 2 LQTS in this pedigree.

Objective:To identify and characterize two Balneatrix alpica strains isolated from a patient′s blood sample (strain X117) and the natural hot spring water in the patient′s residential district (strain GN-1), and to provide experimental evidence for the pathogenic diagnosis of clinical infection caused by this rare pathogen. Methods:Biochemical phenotypic identification, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), 16S rRNA gene sequencing, phylogenetic analysis, single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis, and genome-wide analysis were performed to accurately determine the taxonomic status of the isolates X117 and GN-1 by using Balneatrix alpica DSM 16621 T as a reference. Microdilution broth method was used to test their antimicrobial susceptibility. The virulence genes carried by them were annotated and analyzed using the virulence factor database (VFDB). Results:Strains X117 and GN-1 formed light yellow or tan colonies with mottled surfaces on Columbia blood agar and chocolate agar plates after 4 d of culture. They were Gram-negative rods and positive for oxidase and indole tests, which were consistent with the characteristics of Balneatrix alpica DSM 16621 T. The phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene showed that the isolates X117 and GN-1 were both Balneatrix alpaca. The average nucleotide identity (ANI) values between the two isolates and Balneatrix alpica DSM 16621 T were 98.44% and 98.41%, respectively, and the digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) values were both 87.1%. The SNP distance between the two strains was 13, indicating that X117 and GN-1 might belong to the same clone. The antibiotic susceptibility testing showed that all of the three Balneatrix alpica strains were sensitive to the commonly used antibiotics against Gram-negative rods. The virulence genes carried by the three Balneatrix alpica strains were mainly involved in adhesion, invasion, flagella and biofilm formation. Conclusions:This study identified a case of bloodstream infection caused by Balneatrix alpica which was closely related to natural hot spring water. Natural hot spring water migh be an important source of clinical infections caused by this species.

OBJECTIVE To optimize the preparation technology of ethanol extracts from Centipeda minima， and investigate the anti-inflammatory activities of different extraction sites. METHODS Single factor test and response surface methodology were adopted to investigate the effects of ethanol volume fraction， extraction time， solid-liquid ratio and extraction times on the heating reflux extraction technology of total triterpenoids ethanol extract using the extraction rate of total triterpenoids of C. minima as indexes， optimize the extraction technology and carry out validation. Using dexamethasone as positive control drug， the effects of different extraction sites of C. minima （petroleum ether part， ethyl acetate part， n-butanol part， water part） on nitric oxide （NO） production in mononuclear macrophage RAW 264.7 cells of mice induced by lipopolysaccharide （LPS） were compared； the half inhibitory concentration （IC50） was calculated. RESULTS The optimal extraction technology of total triterpenoids ethanol extracts of C. minima was as follows： ethanol volume fraction of 70%， solid-liquid ratio of 1∶40 （g/mL）， extraction time of 2.0 h and extraction times of 3 times. The 3 times of validation tests showed that average extraction rate of total triterpenoids of C. minima was 1.134%， relative error of which with the predicted value was 0.02%. The petroleum ether part and ethyl acetate part of C. minima could inhibit the generation of NO in RAW 264.7 cells induced by lipopolysaccharide to different degrees. IC50 values of NO production were 2.44 μg/mL and 2.22 μg/mL， respectively， and both of them were lower than those of positive control drug dexamethasone （7.65 μg/mL）. CONCLUSIONS The optimized preparation process of ethanol extracts from C. minima is stability and feasibility. The petroleum ether part and ethyl acetate part have obvious anti-inflammatory effects.

OBJECTIVE To separate and identify the chemical constituents of the n-butanol fraction from the stems of Clerodendrum trichotomum ，and to investigate their antitumor activities in vitro . METHODS The ethanol extracts were obtained with 85% ethanol from dried stems of C. trichotomum. After dispersed with water ，ethanol extracts were distributed by petroleum ether，ethyl acetate and n-butanol in turn ，then concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain the fractions of each extraction part . The n-butanol fraction from the stems of C. trichotomum was isolated and purified by macroporous resin D 101 column chromatography and various chromatographic techniques including silica gel ，hydroxypropyl glucan gel and Toyopearl HW -40F macroporous resin and so on . The structures of them were identified by physical and chemical properties ，MS and NMR . All these compounds were evaluated for cytotoxic activities against 4 kinds of human tumor cells such as cultured K 562，MCF-7，A549 and HepG2，using the MTT assay . RESULTS Fourteen chemical constituents were isolated and identified as teuvincenone B （1）， uncinatone（2），villosin C （3），syringaresinol（4），syringaresinol-4ʹ-O-β-glucopyranoside（5），3，12-O-β-D-diglucopyranosyl-11，16- dihydroxyabieta-8，11，13-triene（6），glypentoside C （7），martynoside（8），isomartynoside（9），2-（4-hydroxyphenyl）ethanol-O-β-D- glucopyranosyl-（1→2）-O- β -D-glucopyranoside（10），3，4-dimethoxyphenyl-1-O- β -D-apiofuranosyl （1→2） - β -D- glucopyranoside（11）， 2，6-dimethoxy-4-hydroxy-1-O- β -D- glucopyranoside（12），adenosine（13）and cistanoside F （14）. In vitro anti-tumor activity studies showed that compounds 1-3 showed certa in inhibitory activities against tumor cellproliferation，among which compound 2 displayed the strongest inhibitory activity against MCF -7，A549 and HepG 2 cells，and their IC 50 values were 25.00，22.34 and 12.50 μmol/L respectively ；only compound 3 showed stronger inhibitory activity against K562 cell with IC 50 of 28.41 μmol/L. CONCLUSIONS Among them ，compounds 10 to 13 are isolated from genus Clerodendrum for the first time ，compounds 4，5，14 were isolated from C. trichotomum for the first time . The abietane diterpenoids （compounds 1-3）have better inhibitory activities against above four tumor cell lines .

OBJECTIVE： To compare the contents of 4 components and toxicity from Miao medicine Chimonanthus nitens samples after drying in the shade ，oven drying ，steam，charring. METHODS ：The contents of scopolin，fraxin，scopoletin and isofraxin were simultaneously determined by HPLC. The separation was performed on Welch-C18 column with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-water （gradient elution ）at the flow rate of 1 mL/min. The detection wavelength was set at 214 nm，and column temperature was 30 ℃，and the sample size was 10 μL. Modified Karber method was used to determine the LD 50 and its 95％CI of different processed C. nitens to mice and evaluate its acute toxicity. RESULTS ： The linear range of scopolin ， fraxin， scopoletin and isofraxin were 0.019-1.856，0.016-1.616，0.009-0.920，0.006-0.624 μg（R2 were all not lower than 0.999 5）. RSDs of precision ， stability and reprodu-cibility tests were all lower than 2.0％（n＝6）. The average recoveries were 104.49％，102.22％， 101.45％，99.26％（all RSDs were lower than 2％，n＝6）. The contents of scopolin were 1.119 0％，0.904 3％， 1.068 4％and 0.036 4％；those o f fraxin were 0.867 8％，0.453 9％，0.423 7％and 0.020 5％；those of scopoletin ； those of isofraxidin were 0.110 2％，0.202 1％，0.208 1％ and 0.249 4％in samples after drying in the shade ，oven CX-2018-001） drying， steam， charring. The LD 50 of 4 processedproducts were 4 118.13，3 733.36，1 643.61，＞10 000 qq.com mg/kg samples ；95％CI were （3 748.87，4 523.76）， （3 422.16，4 072.86），（1 520.90，1 776.23），（＞10 000） mg/kg. CONCLUSIONS ：HPLC method is reproducible and precise. It can be used to determine the contents of 4 components in different processed products of C. niten s. The contents of 4 components in different processed products ， and the contents of glycosides toxicity components are decreased significantly. All the 4 processed products were low or non-toxic.