Abstract In recent years, the prevalence of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents has risen rapidly, posing a serious threat to their physical and mental health. To provide scientific, systematic, and standardized weight management guidance for overweight and obese children and adolescents, the study focuses on the core concept of healthy lifestyle intervention, integrates multidisciplinary expert opinions and research findings,and proposes a comprehensive multidisciplinary intervention framework covering scientific exercise intervention, precise nutrition and diet, optimized sleep management, and standardized psychological support. It calls for the establishment of a multi agent collaborative management mechanism led by the government, implemented by families, fostered by schools, initiated by individuals, optimized by communities, reinforced by healthcare, and coordinated by multiple stakeholders. Emphasizing a child and adolescent centered approach, the consensus advocates for comprehensive, multi level, and personalized guidance strategies to promote the internalization and maintenance of a healthy lifestyle. It serves as a reference and provides recommendations for the effective prevention and control of overweight and obesity, and enhancing the health level of children and adolescents.

Objective:To screen the key genetic,diagnostic and therapeutic targets of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)patients by using microarray datasets and Mendelian randomization(MR)method,and to provide the evidence for clinical diagnosis and treatment of COPD.Methods:Four COPD gene expression profile datasets were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)database.The data were processed and normalized using R software,and differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were screened.MR analysis was performed to explore the causal relationship between COPD and expression quantitative trait loci(eQTL),intersection with DEGs was taken to identify potential key targets.Gene Set Enrichment Analysis(GSEA),Gene Ontology(GO)functional enrichment analysis,and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)signaling pathway enrichment analysis were conducted to investigate the functional roles and pathways of the key targets,external datasets were used to validate their expression.Results:A total of 1 571 DEGs were screened,including 820 upregulated genes and 751 downregulated genes.MR analysis identified 286 COPD-related genes,and intersection with DEGs revealed 3 upregulated genes:diacylglycerol kinase gamma(DGKG),neurofilament heavy polypeptide(NEFH),and Fc receptor like B(FCRLB);and 6 downregulated genes:STEAP4 metalloreductase(STEAP4),pleckstrin homology domain containing family F member 2(PLEKHF2),CD3d molecule(CD3D),transgelin 2(TAGLN2),tripartite motif containing 22(TRIM22),and ribosomal protein L9(RPL9).The biological function analysis results indicated that these genes were mainly involved in pathways such as iron ion transport into the cells,oxidoreductase activity,primary immunodeficiency,and Th1 and Th2 cell differentiation.The MR analysis results confirmed the causal relationship between these targets and COPD.The external validation results showed that compared with healthy controls,the expression level of FCRLB in COPD samples was significantly increased(P<0.01),while the expression levels of CD3D and RPL9 were significantly decreased(P<0.05 or P<0.01),which was consistent with the MR analysis results,highlighting the reliability of this study.Conclusion:DGKG,NEFH,FCRLB,STEAP4,PLEKHF2,CD3D,TAGLN2,TRIM22,and RPL9 may serve as important regulatory factors and clinical diagnostic/therapeutic targets in the pathogenesis of COPD,providing clues for early screening,diagnosis,and targeted treatment of COPD.

Protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) are attractive targets for developing therapeutic agents, but selective PRMT inhibitors targeting the cofactor SAM binding site are limited. Herein, we report the discovery of a noncanonical but less polar SAH surrogate YD1113 by replacing the benzyl guanidine of a pan-PRMT inhibitor with a benzyl urea, potently and selectively inhibiting PRMT3/4/5. Importantly, crystal structures reveal that the benzyl urea moiety of YD1113 induces a unique and novel hydrophobic binding pocket in PRMT3/4, providing a structural basis for the selectivity. In addition, YD1113 can be modified by introducing a substrate mimic to form a "T-shaped" bisubstrate analogue YD1290 to engage both the SAM and substrate binding pockets, exhibiting potent and selective inhibition to type I PRMTs (IC₅₀ < 5 nmol/L). In summary, we demonstrated the promise of YD1113 as a general SAH mimic to build potent and selective PRMT inhibitors.

Objective:To investigate the status of viral reservoirs in prostate tissue of patients with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS), and to investigate the effect of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) on HIV-1 DNA in prostate tissue of HIV/AIDS patients.Methods:Twelve patients with HIV infection and hyperplasia of prostate who required surgical treatment and admitted to Guangzhou Eighth People′s Hospital from July 2017 to October 2019 were included. Blood and prostate specimens of these patients were collected, and HIV-1 RNA in plasma, CD4 + T lymphocyte count in peripheral blood and HIV-1 DNA level in prostate tissue were tested respectively. The independent sample t test or Mann-Whitney U test was used for statistical analysis. Results:Among the 12 patients, the CD4 + T lymphocytes was (519.8±121.5)/μL and HIV-1 DNA in the prostate tissue was 2 602 (365, 10 700) copies/10 6cells in six patients who had not started HAART. The CD4 + T lymphocytes was (182.8±69.7)/μL and the HIV-1 DNA in the prostate tissue was 144 (36, 563) copies/10 6cells in the six patients who underwent HAART for over six months. There were statistically significant differences in CD4 + T lymphocytes and HIV-1 DNA in the prostate tissue between the two groups ( t=-5.889 and Z=-2.082, respectively, both P<0.05). Conclusion:Prostate tissue can be used as an HIV-1 virus repository with or without HAART, and the size of the prostate tissue virus repository can be reduced by HAART after immune reconstitution.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics, curative effect and prognosis of myeloid sarcoma. Methods The clinical data of 12 patients with MS diagnosed at Xijing Hospital of Air Force Medical University from August 2008 to May 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Their clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment and survival were analyzed. Results Twelve patients were 17 to 62 years old. The initial site included lymph node, external auditory canal, eye, buttock, lung, liver, pancreas, breast,skin, vertebra and its surroundings,and cervix. Among 11 patients with peripheral blood classification, bone marrow aspiration and bone marrow biopsy, 6 cases were isolated MS [one of which developed acute myeloid leukemia (AML)], 1 case was chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase, 2 cases were AML-M2, and 1 case was myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), and 1 case was after aplastic anemia (AA) with no infiltration of bone marrow. Immunohistochemical results showed that LCA(+) (7/7), MPO(+) (12/12), CD43(+) (9/9), lysozyme(+) (5/7), CD3(-) (8/8), CD20(-) (9/9), CD34(+) (5/6), CD117(+) (7/7), and Ki-67(+) 30%-90%. Four patients were examined for bone marrow chromosomes, 2 patients with AML had t (8;21), 1 patient with MDS was 47, XX, +8, del(11)(q21), and 1 patient with CML was t(9;22). Two of the 12 patients were lost to follow-up. Among the 10 patients who were followed up, 6 died and 4 survived, and the median survival time was 21 months (2-27 months). Conclusions AA in stable phase with MS and CML in chronic phase with MS are rarely reported. The clinical manifestations of MS patients are varied, of which the common incidence sites are superficial lymph nodes, the infrequent sites are vertebra and its surrounding areas, and the rare sites are eye, pancreas, lung, liver, etc. The median survival time of MS patient is short and the curative effect is poor.

Objective To explore the features of coronary artery morphological changes and left ventricular function indicators of resident population in plateau .Methods 50 plateau healthy adults and 50 plain‐and Dalian‐healthy volunteers completed coronary CTA examination .We measured the pipe diameter of left main coronary atery and right coronary artery and their branches ,respec‐tively .Furthermore ,SV and EF value of left ventricular cardiac function indexes and the wall thickening of free ventricular wall at left ventricular end systolic were measured .Results The average diameter of proximal right coronary of plain‐and Dalian‐healthy volun‐teers thicker than plateau group ,with statistical difference ;Other coronary artery branch did not exhibit any significant between‐group differences ;The two groups did not show significant between‐group differences with heart function indexes .Conclusion The body circulation system have adaptability and compensatory changes of resident population in plateau ,and their coronary artery mor‐phology and left ventricular function are as similar as plain people .