ObjectiveTo investigate the epigenetic mechanism of Diwu Yanggan Capsule in improving liver regeneration microenvironment in a rat model of liver cancer by regulating DNA methylation， and to provide a basis for scientific clinical medication. MethodsA total of 48 specific pathogen-free Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into normal group， model group， and Diwu Yanggan Capsule group using a random number table， with 16 rats in each group. The Solt-Farber two-step method was used to establish a rat model of liver cancer. The rats in the Diwu Yanggan Capsule group were given Diwu Yanggan Capsule at a dose of 750 mg/kg/d by gavage， and those in the normal group and the model group were given an equal volume of normal saline by gavage. Liver tissue samples were collected from each group of rats after 16 weeks of continuous intervention； DNA methylation chips were used to analyze the change in DNA methylation in liver tissue， and gene ontology （GO） and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes （KEGG） analyses were used for data analysis. In addition， the MeDIP-PCR technique was used to detect the changes in candidate differentially methylated genes such as YWHAB， ADCK2， ERLIN2， SEMA3B， and TPH2 in the liver tissue of rats， and Western blot and RT-qPCR were used to verify the expression of key methylated genes. The independent-samples t test was used for comparison of continuous data between two groups， and a one-way analysis of variance was used for comparison between multiple groups， while the least significant difference t-test was used for further comparison between two groups. ResultsThe DNA methylation chip analysis showed that compared with the normal group， the model group had significant methylation changes in the promoter region of 2 422 genes in liver tissue of rats. The GO functional enrichment analysis and the KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that these differentially methylated genes were significantly enriched in metabolic pathways such as steroid hormone biosynthesis and drug metabolism-cytochrome P450. Compared with the model group， the Diwu Yanggan Capsule group had significant reversal of promoter methylation in 1 650 genes， and the KEGG enrichment analysis showed that these genes were mainly involved in the pathways closely associated with cell proliferation， apoptosis， and microenvironment regulation， such as the calcium ion signaling pathway， the cAMP signaling pathway， and the extracellular factor signaling pathway. Compared with the model group， the Diwu Yanggan Capsule group had a significant increase in the promoter methylation level of the ADCK2 gene （P<0.05） and significant reductions in the promoter methylation levels of the ERLIN2 and TPH2 genes （all P<0.05）. Compared with the model group， the Diwu Yanggan Capsule group had significant reductions in the mRNA expression levels and the protein expression levels of the ADCK2 （all P<0.05）. ConclusionAbnormal DNA methylation in liver tissue participates in the development and progression of liver cancer. The effect of Diwu Yanggan Capsule on DNA methylation level is an important epigenetic mechanism for its effect in the prevention and treatment of liver cancer.

Objective:To evaluate the application of blood glucose management evidence in hemodialysis patients with diabetic nephropathy within clinical practice, establish review indicators, and analyze both obstacles and enablers.Methods:Based on the feasibility, appropriateness, meaningfulness, and effectiveness (FAME) principle, the best evidence for blood glucose management in hemodialysis patients with diabetic nephropathy was evaluated. Ultimately, 21 pieces of evidence were included, and review indicators were established. A baseline review was conducted at the Hemodialysis Center of the Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, from August to September 2024. Based on the review findings, obstacles and enablers in the evidence-based practice process were analyzed, and change strategies were developed.Results:A total of 39 review indicators were established. Among these, one indicator achieved a 100.00% implementation rate, four indicators achieved an implementation rate between 80.00% and <100.00%, six indicators achieved an implementation rate between 60.00% and<80.00%, 19 indicators achieved an implementation rate between>0 and<60.00%, and nine indicators achieved a 0 implementation rate. After analyzing each review indicator, the primary obstacles included evidence not being transformed into clear and accessible formats, low awareness among healthcare providers and patients, lack of incentive mechanisms, significant gaps from existing nursing processes, insufficient manpower, need for external support, and requirement for additional training. Additionally, factors that promoted evidence translation included reliable sources of evidence, recognition and support for change from administrators and teams, a culture and experience of change within the team, the potential for change to yield significant benefits, and the availability of resources within the hospital to support the change.Conclusions:There is a significant gap between blood glucose management evidence and clinical practice among hemodialysis patients with diabetic nephropathy. Appropriate change strategies should be developed through clinical review and analysis of obstacles and enablers to promote the translation and application of evidence in clinical practice.

Objective:To explore the impact of noise and dust exposure in the mechanical manufacturing industry on the risk of hypertension and abnormal electrocardiogram in workers, and their combined effects, in order to provide support for the prevention and treatment of occupational related diseases among workers.Methods:In January 2024, A convenience sampling method was used to study 2802 on-the-job workers who underwent occupational health check-ups from January 2023 to December 2023 at a machinery manufacturing enterprise in Baotou, Inner Mongolia. Blood pressure and electrocardiogram results were analyzed in the noise group, dust group, dust noise group and control group according to the exposure factors. For count data, the chi-square test was employed to analyze differences among groups. Additionally, a binary logistic regression model was utilized to assess the impact of dust and noise exposure on the prevalence of hypertension and electrocardiogram abnormalities.Results:The stratified analysis results showed that the differences in hypertension prevalence among the four groups were statistically significant ( P<0.001) in males, age groups >30-40 years, >40-50 years, >50 years, different exposure durations, and different enterprise sizes. For ECG abnormalities, significant differences were observed among the four groups ( P<0.001) in males, the age group >30-40 years, different enterprise sizes, and those with exposure durations ≤15 years. The trend test for hypertension prevalence across different age groups revealed that as age increased, the prevalence of hypertension showed an upward trend in the noise-exposed group, dust-exposed group, and combined dust-noise-exposed group ( χ2=10.76, 4.25, 6.60, P<0.001, 0.039, 0.010) . Binary regression model analyses revealed that the the risk of hypertension in the noise group, dust group and dust noise group was 2.63 times ( OR=2.63, 95% CI: 1.89~3.67, P<0.001) , 2.36 times ( OR=2.36, 95% CI: 1.76~3.16, P<0.001) and 2.69 times ( OR=2.69, 95% CI: 2.14~3.38, P<0.001) . Using ECG abnormalities as the dependent variable and incorporating the statistically significant variables from Table 1 as independent variables into the binary logistic regression model, the results showed no statistically significant differences in the risk of ECG abnormalities in the dust-exposed, noise-exposed, and combined dust-noise-exposed groups compared to the control group ( P> 0.05) . Conclusion:Combined exposure to dust and noise increases the risk of hypertension in workers and has a combined effect.

Cell ablation has recently emerged as a valuable technique for investigating cell lineage and function during the development of organisms.The nervous system contains diverse cellular populations,whose roles under physiological and pathological conditions are still not fully understood.Various cell ablation methods have been reported to specifically ablate different types of cell populations in the nervous system and have also been used to study cellular functions under physiological conditions as well as the pathogenesis of neurologi-cal system diseases.In this article,we have summarized common cell ablation techniques and focus on their applications in neurobio-logical and neurological system disease research.

Objective: To compare the effects of seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (SARIMA) , seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average with exogenous regressors (SARIMAX) and long short-term memory neural network (LSTM) models in predicting the incidence of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD). Methods: Monthly incidence data of HFMD in Kunming City from 2010 to 2019 were collected. SARIMA, SARIMAX and LSTM models were established using the monthly incidence of HFMD from 2010 to 2018 to predict the monthly incidence of HFMD from January to December 2019. The prediction performance of the three models was compared using mean squared error (MSE), root mean squared error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE) and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE). The optimal prediction model was selected based on the principle of minimizing MSE, RMSE, MAE and MAPE. Results: The HFMD cases were reported every month in Kunming City from 2010 to 2019, with the incidence fluctuating between 188.27/105 and 363.15/105. The disease exhibited a biennial high-incidence bimodal distribution. Among the four evaluation indicators for the training and testing sets, the LSTM model had the smaller values: MSE was 63.182 and 102.745, RMSE was 7.949 and 10.136, MAE was 6.535 and 7.620, and MAPE was 46.726% and 31.138%. The LSTM model performed the better, followed by the SARIMA model, while the SARIMAX model had the relatively poorest performance. Conclusion The LSTM model outperforms the SARIMA and SARIMAX models in predicting the incidence of HFMD.

Objective To analyze the relationship between changes of CD80, CD86 and Th1/Th2 cytokines and the severity of coxsackievirus A6 (CVA6) hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD). Methods Among the 380 children with CVA6 HFMD in the 971th Hospital of the People's Liberation Army Navy and the 94th Hospital of the Joint Logistic Support Force were selected from January 2021 to January 2024. According to the disease severity, the children were divided into common group and severe group. The levels of CD80, CD86 and Th1/Th2 cytokines (interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-4 (IL-4)) were compared between the two groups. The ROC curve was used to analyze the evaluation efficiency of CD80, CD86, IFN gamma, and IL-4 levels on the severity of CVA6 HFMD. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of the severity of CVA6 HFMD. Results The levels of CD80, CD86, IFN-γ and IL-4 in the severe group were higher than those in the common group (P<0.05). The AUCs of CD80, CD86, IFN-γ, IL-4 and their combined detection in evaluating severity of CVA6 HFMD were 0.769, 0.717, 0.756, 0.864, and 0.917, respectively. The AUC value and specificity of combined detection were higher than those of single detection of each index (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that age ≤ 3 years old was a risk factors (P<0.05), while time from onset to diagnosis ≤ 3d, duration of fever ≤ 3d, WB ≤ 12×109/L, low expression of CD80, low expression of IFN-γ, and low expression of IL-4 were protective factors (P<0.05). Conclusion CD80, CD86 and Th1/Th2 cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-4) are related to the severity of CVA6 HFMD. Early monitoring of CD80, CD86, IFN-γ and IL-4 levels in children is conducive to understanding their disease progression and guiding physician treatment.

BACKGROUND: Poly adenosine-diphosphate-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors (PARPi) have been approved to act as first-line maintenance (FL-M) therapy and as platinum-sensitive recurrent maintenance (PSR-M) therapy for ovarian cancer in China for >5 years. Herein, we have analyzed the clinical-application characteristics of olaparib and niraparib in ovarian cancer-maintenance therapy in a real-world setting to strengthen our understanding and promote their rational usage. METHODS: A retrospective chart review identified patients with newly diagnosed or platinum-sensitive recurrent ovarian cancer, who received olaparib or niraparib as maintenance therapy at Sichuan Cancer Hospital between August 1, 2018, and December 31, 2021. Patient medical records were reviewed. We grouped and analyzed patients based on the type of PARPi they used (the olaparib group and the niraparib group) and the line of PARPi maintenance therapy (the FL-M setting and the PSR-M setting). The primary endpoint was the 24-month progression-free survival (PFS) rate. RESULTS: In total, 131 patients (olaparib: n = 67, 51.1%; niraparib: n = 64, 48.9%) were enrolled. Breast cancer susceptibility genes ( BRCA ) mutations ( BRCA m) were significantly less common in the niraparib group than in the olaparib group [9.4% (6/64) vs . 62.7% (42/67), P <0.001], especially in the FL-M setting [10.4% (5/48) vs . 91.4% (32/35), P <0.001]. The 24-month progression-free survival (PFS) rates in the FL-M and PSR-M settings were 60.4% and 45.7%, respectively. In patients with BRCA m, the 24-month PFS rates in the FL-M and PSR-M settings were 62.2% and 72.7%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Olaparib and niraparib were effective in patients with ovarian cancer without any new safety signals except for skin pigmentation. In patients with BRCA m, the 24-month PFS of the PARPi used in the PSR-M setting was even higher than that used in the FL-M setting.
Humans ; Female ; Ovarian Neoplasms/drug therapy* ; Piperazines/therapeutic use* ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Phthalazines/therapeutic use* ; Piperidines/therapeutic use* ; Indazoles/therapeutic use* ; Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors/therapeutic use* ; Adult ; Aged ; China ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/drug therapy* ; Progression-Free Survival

OBJECTIVE To observe the expressions of micro ribonucleic acid-129-5p(miR-129-5p),interleukin-6(IL-6)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 gene(STAT3)/helper T cell 17(Th17)signaling path-ways in peripheral blood of the sepsis children complicated with pulmonary infection and analyze the clinical signif-icance.METHODS A total of 123 sepsis children who were complicated with pulmonary infection and were treated in the 971st Hospital of the Navy of The Chinese People's Liberation Army,the 904 Hospital of the Joint Logis-tics Support Force of the People's Liberation Army and Qingdao Women's and Children's Hospital from Jan.2020 to Dec.2023 were assigned as the sepsis complicated with pulmonary infection group,meanwhile,55 sepsis children who were not complicated with pulmonary infection were chosen as the simple sepsis group.The expres-sion levels of miR-129-5p,IL-6 mRNA,STAT3 mRNA and Th17 mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs)were statistically analyzed.Receiver operating characteristics(ROC)curves were drawn to analyze the efficiencies of miR-129-5p and IL-6/STAT3/Th17 pathways in prediction of poor prognosis of the sepsis children with pulmonary infection.RESULTS The miR-129-5p level of the sepsis complicated with pulmonary infection group was lower than that of the simple sepsis group,while the levels of IL-6 mRNA,STAT3 mRNA and Th17 mRNA of the sepsis complicated with pulmonary infection group were higher than those of the simple sepsis group(all P＜0.05).With the aggravation of illness condition,the miR-129-5p level was reduced,and the levels of IL-6 mRNA,STAT3 mRNA and Th17 mRNA were elevated(all P＜0.05).The miR-129-5p level of the poor prog-nosis group was lower than that of the favorable prognosis group,while the levels of IL-6 mRNA,STAT3 mRNA and Th17 mRNA of the poor prognosis group was higher than those of the favorable prognosis group(all P＜0.05).ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve(AUC)of miR-129-5p was the largest(0.887)in prediction of the poor prognosis of the sepsis children complicated with pulmonary infection(P＜0.05).CONCLUSION The sepsis children complicated with pulmonary infection show the decline of expression level of peripheral blood miR-129-5p and enhancement of activation degree of IL-6/STAT3/Th17 pathways,which can be used as the indexes for assessment of illness condition and as auxiliary indexes for assessment of prognosis.

OBJECTIVE To explore the expression levels of microribonucleic acid-21(miR-21)and helper T cell(Th)1/Th2 cytokines in peripheral blood of the asthma children complicated with respiratory tract infections of vi-ruses and analyze the significance.METHODS A total of 90 asthma children with respiratory tract infections of vi-ruses(the infection group)and 43 asthma children without respiratory tract infections of viruses(the no infection group)who were treated in the 904th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of The People's Liberation Ar-my of China were enrolled in the study,and the clinical data were collected from the enrolled patients.The distri-bution of viruses from the children of the infection group was analyzed.The levels of peripheral blood miR-21,Th1 cytokines[interferon-γ(IFN-γ),interleukin(IL)-2]and Th2 cytokines[IL-4,IL-5]were compared between the two groups.The children of the infection group were divided into the mild group,the moderate group and the severe group according to the severity of disease.The levels of the above indexes were compared among the chil-dren with the various degree of illness condition.The association of the illness condition with miR-21,IFN-γ,IL-2,IL-4 and IL-5 was analyzed.RESULTS Respiratory syncytial virus was dominant among the respiratory tract vi-ruses in the infection group,accounting for 32.22％.The levels of IFN-γ and IL-2 of the infection group were low-er than those of the no infection group(P＜0.05),the levels of miR-21,IL-4 and IL-5 of the infection group were higher than those of the no infection group(P＜0.05).The levels of IFN-γ and IL-2 of the severe group were lower than those of the mild group and the moderate group(P＜0.05),while the levels of miR-21,IL-4 and IL-5 of the severe group were higher than those of the mild group and the moderate group(P＜0.05);the levels of IFN-γ and IL-2 of the moderate group were lower than those of the mild group(P＜0.05),and the levels of miR-21,IL-4 andIL-5 of the moderate group were higher than those of the mild group(P＜0.05).Spearman correlation analysis showed that the illness condition of the children was positively correlated with miR-21,IL-4 and IL-5(P＜0.05),which was negatively correlated with IFN-γ and IL-2(P＜0.05).CONCLUSIONS The respiratory tract infections of viruses may aggravate the abnormal rise of peripheral blood miR-21 and the imbalance of Th1/Th2.The above indexes are closely associated with the illness condition of the children.

Objective:To evaluate the application of blood glucose management evidence in hemodialysis patients with diabetic nephropathy within clinical practice, establish review indicators, and analyze both obstacles and enablers.Methods:Based on the feasibility, appropriateness, meaningfulness, and effectiveness (FAME) principle, the best evidence for blood glucose management in hemodialysis patients with diabetic nephropathy was evaluated. Ultimately, 21 pieces of evidence were included, and review indicators were established. A baseline review was conducted at the Hemodialysis Center of the Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, from August to September 2024. Based on the review findings, obstacles and enablers in the evidence-based practice process were analyzed, and change strategies were developed.Results:A total of 39 review indicators were established. Among these, one indicator achieved a 100.00% implementation rate, four indicators achieved an implementation rate between 80.00% and <100.00%, six indicators achieved an implementation rate between 60.00% and<80.00%, 19 indicators achieved an implementation rate between>0 and<60.00%, and nine indicators achieved a 0 implementation rate. After analyzing each review indicator, the primary obstacles included evidence not being transformed into clear and accessible formats, low awareness among healthcare providers and patients, lack of incentive mechanisms, significant gaps from existing nursing processes, insufficient manpower, need for external support, and requirement for additional training. Additionally, factors that promoted evidence translation included reliable sources of evidence, recognition and support for change from administrators and teams, a culture and experience of change within the team, the potential for change to yield significant benefits, and the availability of resources within the hospital to support the change.Conclusions:There is a significant gap between blood glucose management evidence and clinical practice among hemodialysis patients with diabetic nephropathy. Appropriate change strategies should be developed through clinical review and analysis of obstacles and enablers to promote the translation and application of evidence in clinical practice.