Objective:To investigate the activation patterns of the default mode network (DMN), executive central network (ECN), salience network (SN), and frontoparietal network (FPN) in depressed patients under psychosocial stress processing, and the gender differences.Methods:A prospective study was conducted to collect clinical data, behavior data, and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data under psychosocial stress tasks from first-episode, unmedicated depressed patients (depression group,124 cases) who visited the outpatient department of the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from July 2017 to September 2019, including 48 males, aged ( M ( Q1, Q3)) 25 (21, 28) years, and 76 females, aged 26(19, 31) years. At the same period, behavioral data and fMRI data under psychosocial stress tasks were prospectively collected from healthy controls (control group,243 cases) from universities and communities in Changsha, including 106 males, aged 21(19, 21) years, and 137 females, aged 21(20, 21) years. Independent component analysis was used to detect the DMN, ECN, SN, and FPN activation values in each group under psychosocial stress tasks. Repeated measures ANOVA was used to detect the between-group differences in the activation values of the networks of interest. Results:Compared with the healthy control group, the depression group exhibited significantly reduced activation of the SN under stress tasks (activation value: 0.01±0.01vs 0.03±0.01; F=6.50, P=0.011). The brain activation pattern of the FPN showed a significant diagnostic and gender interaction effect ( F=4.30, P=0.039). Simple effect analysis revealed that only the female depression group exhibited significantly reduced negative activation of the FPN under stress tasks compared with the corresponding gender healthy control group (activation value:-0.42±0.06 vs -0.62±0.05; PBonferroni-corrected=0.015, 95%CI=0.038-0.352). Conclusion:Depressed patients exhibit gender-consistent and gender-specific brain network activity patterns during stress processing.

Objective:To investigate the activation patterns of the default mode network (DMN), executive central network (ECN), salience network (SN), and frontoparietal network (FPN) in depressed patients under psychosocial stress processing, and the gender differences.Methods:A prospective study was conducted to collect clinical data, behavior data, and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data under psychosocial stress tasks from first-episode, unmedicated depressed patients (depression group,124 cases) who visited the outpatient department of the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from July 2017 to September 2019, including 48 males, aged ( M ( Q1, Q3)) 25 (21, 28) years, and 76 females, aged 26(19, 31) years. At the same period, behavioral data and fMRI data under psychosocial stress tasks were prospectively collected from healthy controls (control group,243 cases) from universities and communities in Changsha, including 106 males, aged 21(19, 21) years, and 137 females, aged 21(20, 21) years. Independent component analysis was used to detect the DMN, ECN, SN, and FPN activation values in each group under psychosocial stress tasks. Repeated measures ANOVA was used to detect the between-group differences in the activation values of the networks of interest. Results:Compared with the healthy control group, the depression group exhibited significantly reduced activation of the SN under stress tasks (activation value: 0.01±0.01vs 0.03±0.01; F=6.50, P=0.011). The brain activation pattern of the FPN showed a significant diagnostic and gender interaction effect ( F=4.30, P=0.039). Simple effect analysis revealed that only the female depression group exhibited significantly reduced negative activation of the FPN under stress tasks compared with the corresponding gender healthy control group (activation value:-0.42±0.06 vs -0.62±0.05; PBonferroni-corrected=0.015, 95%CI=0.038-0.352). Conclusion:Depressed patients exhibit gender-consistent and gender-specific brain network activity patterns during stress processing.

Objective:To investigate the epidemic status and molecular characteristics of Borrelia burgdorferi in ticks in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (referred to as Xinjiang). Methods:From April to June 2020, 312 samples of Ixodes were collected in 6 areas of Yili, Alashankou, Hutubi, Qinghe, Fuhai and Wujiaqu, Xinjiang. Nested PCR and fluorescence quantitative PCR were used to detect Borrelia burgdorferi in ticks. The positive samples by both methods were genotyped and identified by nested PCR products. Results:The positive rates of nested PCR and fluorescence quantitative PCR were 8.97% (28/312) and 11.86% (37/312), respectively. Among them, the fluorescence quantitative PCR positive rate of Qinghe was the highest of 35.29% (12/34), and the positive rate of Fuhai was the lowest of 2.00% (1/50). The positive samples by both methods was 26. Genotyping results showed that 12 samples were highly homologous to Borrelia garinii, 10 copies to Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, and 4 copies to Borrelia afzelii. Conclusions:The positive rate of Borrelia burgdorferi in ticks in Xinjiang is higher, which has confirmed that there are 3 pathogenic Borrelia burgdorferi genotypes in Xinjiang. The dominant genotype is Borrelia garinii, followed by Borrelia burgdorgferi sensu stricto genotype and Borrelia afzelii genotype.

Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic and progressive arterial disease. It is an important cause of the occurrence and development of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. With the development of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), TCM has many advantages in the therapy of AS, with less adverse reactions. Studies have shown that TCM can resist AS, and the mechanism mainly belongs to regulating lipid metabolism, anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-inflammation, anticoagulation, and protecting the structure and function of vascular endothelial cells. The mechanism of TCM for AS is warranted to be studied systematically, and the chemical components need to be further clarified.

Urea transporters (UT) play a vital role in the mechanism of urine concentration and are recognized as novel targets for the development of salt-sparing diuretics. Thus, UT inhibitors are promising for development as novel diuretics. In the present study, a novel UT inhibitor with a diarylamide scaffold was discovered by high-throughput screening. Optimization of the inhibitor led to the identification of a promising preclinical candidate,

Previous studies have shown that postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is related to multiple factors including age, postoperative trauma, inflammation, postoperative pain, and anesthesia, among which postoperative pain is thought to play an important role in the development of POCD. This review summarizes the recent findings in the study of the role of postoperative pain in the pathogenesis of POCD in light of nerve injuries, neural remodeling and stress, and the progress in the prevention and treatment of POCD in elderly patients. It is of vital important to assess the postoperative pain and formulate adequate analgesic regimens for effective prevention and management of POCD to protect the brain functions of elderly patients.
Aged ; Cognitive Dysfunction ; etiology ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Pain, Postoperative ; complications ; therapy ; Postoperative Complications

Objective To evaluate efficacy and safety of locally-produced pazufloxacin mesilate sodium chloride injection in the treatment of bacterial infections of respiratory and urinary tract.Methods A multi-center double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial was carried out to evaluate efficacy and safety of pazufloxacin mesilate sodium chloride in treatment for acute bacterial infection, as compared to those of levofloxacin hydrochloride and glucose injection as control treatment.A total of 244 patients with acute bacterial infection of respiratory and urinary tract were enrolled in the studies.120 in trial group and 120 in control group, with four withdrawals.Pazufloxacin mesilate and levofloxacin were administered intravenously by drip at a dose of 300 mg and 200 mg, every 12 hours for 7 to 14 days for trial and control groups, respectively.Resuits Overall efficacy of pazufloxacin mesilate was 77.0 percent and 93.5 percent in treatment for acute bacterial infections of respiratory and urinary tract.respectively, and that of levofloxacin was 80.6 percent and 89.6 percent, respectively.Overall bacterial clearance rate WaS 91.5 percent for pazufloxacin mesilate, 89.6 percent for respiratory tract infection and 94.1 percent for urinary tract infection, respectively.and 93.4 percent for levofloxacin, 97.3 percent for respiratory tract infection and 89.7 percent for urinary tract infection, respectively.No significant difference in adverse drug reactions between the two groups(P＞0.05)was found, with 4.88 percent and 7.44 percent for trial and control groups, respectively.Conclusions Pazufloxacin mesilate sodium chloride injection produced locally is a safe and effective antibiotic in treatment for acute infections of respiratory and urinary tract.