BackgroundNon-suicidal self-injury （NSSI） behavior among adolescents has become a global public health concern. Anxiety and depression are considered key factors influencing NSSI behavior， while social support may play a protective role in alleviating emotional and behavioral issues. However， existing research has primarily focused on the direct impact of individual factors on NSSI behavior， with insufficient exploration of the combined effects of anxiety， depression and social support. ObjectiveTo investigate the direct effect of anxiety on NSSI， the mediating role of depression and the moderating role of social support in relationship between anxiety and NSSI behavior， thus to provide references for the prevention and intervention of NSSI behavior among adolescents. MethodsIn February 2022， a total of 40 820 students in grades 7 to 12 across 10 middle schools in a district of Chengdu were selected as participants， and they were assessed using Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-7 item （GAD-7）， Patient's Health Questionnaire Depression Scale-9 item （PHQ-9）， Social Support Scale for Urban Students （SSSUS） and Adolescent Self-Harm Scale （ASHS）. Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to examine the correlations between scale scores among adolescents with NSSI behaviors. Mediation and moderation analyses were performed using Process 3.5 in SPSS， and the significance was tested with bootstrapping. The interaction was visualized by using simple slope analysis. ResultsAmong 34 534 （84.60%） valid respondents， 542 adolescents （1.57%） reported engaging in NSSI behavior. Significant differences in gender， GAD-7 scores， PHQ-9 scores， and SSSUS scores were observed between NSSI behavior group and non-NSSI group （χ²/t=62.889， 71.120， 94.365， -41.464， P<0.01）.Adolesents with NSSI showed positive correlations between GAD-7 scores and both ASHS and PHQ-9 scores （r=0.158， 0.166， P<0.01）. PHQ-9 scores were positively correlated with ASHS scores （r=0.364， P<0.01）， but negatively correlated with SSSUS scores （r=-0.290， P<0.01）. SSSUS scores were negatively correlated with ASHS scores （r=-0.247， P<0.01）. Depression partially mediated the relationship between anxiety and NSSI behavior， with an effect size of 0.544 （95% CI： 0.162~0.944）， accounting for 35.79% of the total effect. Social support moderated the relationship between depression and NSSI bahavior， with an effect value of -0.082 （95% CI： -0.135~-0.029）. ConclusionAnxiety not only directly influences NSSI bahavior among adolescents， also indirectly exacerbates it through depression， while social support mitigates the impact of depression on NSSI behavior. ［Funded by Youth Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China （number， 82401812）； Project of Health Commission of Sichuan Province （number， 24LCYJPT18）］

Objective To explore the protective effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Portulaca oleracea L.(POHA)on ulcerative colitis(UC)and bone loss in mice.Methods The C57BL/6 mice were treated with dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)to establish UC model.A total of 50 mice were randomly assigned to including control group,DSS group,mesalazine(MS)group,low dose of POHA(POHAL)group,or high dose of POHA(POHAH)group.The control group freely drank drinking water,while the DSS,MS,POHAL and POHAH groups drank drinking water containing DSS for 8 weeks.Since the 2nd week,the control group and DSS group were given normal saline by gavage.The MS group was given MS(100 mg/kg)by gavage.The POHAL group and POHAH group were given POHA(1 000 mg/kg and 2 000 mg/kg)by gavage,respectively.Body weight and disease activity index(DAI)were recorded and calculated every 2 d.On the 56th day,the colon weight index,liver index,and spleen index were calculated,and the histological changes of colon were observed.Serum levels of bone metabolism markers and microstructure parameters of femur were detected.Results Compared with the control group,the DSS group showed significantly increased DAI score,colon weight index,liver index,and spleen index(all P＜0.01).The DSS group exhibited significant pathological damage in colon tissues and significantly increased serum levels of osteocalcin,C-terminal peptide of collagen type Ⅰ,and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b(P＜0.01).The bone loss was significant in the DSS group,manifested by markedly decreased bone mineral density(BMD),bone tissue volume to tissue volume ratio(BV/TV),trabecular bone number(Tb.N),and trabecular bone thickness(Tb.Th),and markedly increased bone surface to bone volume ratio(BS/BV)and trabecular bone separation(Tb.Sp)(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Compared with the DSS group,the BMD,BV/TV,Tb.N and Tb.Th of the femur in the MS group and POHAH group of mice were all increased(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),the BS/BV all decreased(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),and the Tb.Sp all decreased without significant differences(all P＞0.05).The above bone microstructure parameters in the POHAL group showed no significant differences compared with those in the DSS group(all P＞0.05).Conclusion POHA has protective effect on DSS-induced UC and bone loss,and the mechanism may be related to the inhibition of hyperactive bone metabolism.

Objective:To analyse the effect of ultrasound-guided percutaneous liver biopsy and the coaxial biopsy needle tract radiofrequency ablation on patients diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma who are considered to be at risk of bleeding.Methods:The data of 117 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who underwent coaxial biopsy needle tract radiofrequency ablation after ultrasound-guided percutaneous liver biopsy in Peking University First Hospital from March 2019 to April 2023 were retrospectively analysed. There were 95 males and 22 females, with the age of (62.0±11.8) years. A comprehensive analysis was conducted on the following variables: the pre-puncture platelet count, the international standardised ratio, anticoagulation therapy, the haemoglobin (Hb) level, the success rate of the liver puncture, the qualified rate of liver puncture specimens, the number of puncture samples, the length of hospital stay, the Hb level after puncture, bleeding within 10 days post-operation, and complications after ablation, including biliary fistula, hemothorax and organ perforation.Results:Among the 117 patients, 60 cases (51.3%) had an international normalized ratio >1.1, 40 cases (34.2%) had thrombocytopenia, that is, <150×10 9/L, and 17 cases (14.5%) received continuous anticoagulation therapy before the operation. It is evident that all 117 patients successfully completed the ultrasound-guided percutaneous liver biopsy, and that all liver biopsy specimens were qualified. The absence of biliary fistula, hemothorax, organ perforation or death in the patients post-ablation was noted. According to the adverse event evaluation criteria, version 5.0, 113 cases (96.6%) were classified as grade 1 and 4 cases (3.4%) were classified as grade 3. The Hb concentration of patients with minor bleeding (grade 1) prior to puncture was (119.7±22.2) g/L, which was significantly higher than the Hb concentration of patients with severe bleeding (grade 3), (76.0±10.4) g/L ( t=3.92, P=0.010). A meticulous examination of the data revealed that there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups with regard to pre-puncture platelet count, pre-puncture international standardised ratio, pre-puncture proportion of receiving anticoagulant drugs, length of hospital stay and number of puncture samples (all P>0.05). Conclusion:For patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who are at risk of bleeding, ultrasound-guided percutaneous liver biopsy followed by coaxial biopsy needle tract radiofrequency ablation can obtain satisfactory liver tissue samples and is relatively safe. There were differences in hemoglobin levels before puncture among patients with different bleeding after puncture.

Objective:To analyse the effect of ultrasound-guided percutaneous liver biopsy and the coaxial biopsy needle tract radiofrequency ablation on patients diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma who are considered to be at risk of bleeding.Methods:The data of 117 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who underwent coaxial biopsy needle tract radiofrequency ablation after ultrasound-guided percutaneous liver biopsy in Peking University First Hospital from March 2019 to April 2023 were retrospectively analysed. There were 95 males and 22 females, with the age of (62.0±11.8) years. A comprehensive analysis was conducted on the following variables: the pre-puncture platelet count, the international standardised ratio, anticoagulation therapy, the haemoglobin (Hb) level, the success rate of the liver puncture, the qualified rate of liver puncture specimens, the number of puncture samples, the length of hospital stay, the Hb level after puncture, bleeding within 10 days post-operation, and complications after ablation, including biliary fistula, hemothorax and organ perforation.Results:Among the 117 patients, 60 cases (51.3%) had an international normalized ratio >1.1, 40 cases (34.2%) had thrombocytopenia, that is, <150×10 9/L, and 17 cases (14.5%) received continuous anticoagulation therapy before the operation. It is evident that all 117 patients successfully completed the ultrasound-guided percutaneous liver biopsy, and that all liver biopsy specimens were qualified. The absence of biliary fistula, hemothorax, organ perforation or death in the patients post-ablation was noted. According to the adverse event evaluation criteria, version 5.0, 113 cases (96.6%) were classified as grade 1 and 4 cases (3.4%) were classified as grade 3. The Hb concentration of patients with minor bleeding (grade 1) prior to puncture was (119.7±22.2) g/L, which was significantly higher than the Hb concentration of patients with severe bleeding (grade 3), (76.0±10.4) g/L ( t=3.92, P=0.010). A meticulous examination of the data revealed that there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups with regard to pre-puncture platelet count, pre-puncture international standardised ratio, pre-puncture proportion of receiving anticoagulant drugs, length of hospital stay and number of puncture samples (all P>0.05). Conclusion:For patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who are at risk of bleeding, ultrasound-guided percutaneous liver biopsy followed by coaxial biopsy needle tract radiofrequency ablation can obtain satisfactory liver tissue samples and is relatively safe. There were differences in hemoglobin levels before puncture among patients with different bleeding after puncture.

Objective:To systematically evaluate the effectiveness of Kunxian capsule related regimens for patients with lupus nephritis(LN)in order to provide a reference basis for treatment strategies for LN patients.Methods:The computer searched the rele-vant studies of Kunxian capsule in PubMed,Web of Science,Cochrane Library,CBM,CNKI,Wanfang and VIP databases on the treatment of LN,the limited time for the establishment of the database is April 6,2022,and used R 4.0.2 software and Revman 5.3 software for Meta-analysis.Results:Four RCTs with 1 cohort study including 310 patients were finally included.The results of the Me-ta-analysis showed that:In terms of 24 h urinary protein and SLEDAI score,Glucocorticoid+Cyclophosphamide+Kunxian capsule achieved the best result after treatment;in terms of Scr,IgE,and IgG,the levels of each index were significantly lower in Glucocorti-coid+Cyclophosphamide+Kunxian capsules than in Glucocorticoid+Cyclophosphamide(P<0.05).Conclusion:The 5 regimens may work best as Glucocorticoids+Cyclophosphamide+Kunxian capsules in terms of clinical efficacy in treating LN patients.Because of the quality and quantity limitations of the included studies,more high-quality studies are needed for validation.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC)associated pain commonly predicts adverse events among patients.This clinical feature indicates the engagement of nociceptors on sensory neurons during the development of malignancy.However,it is yet to be determined if targeting oncometabolite-associated nociception processes can hinder OSCC progression.In this study,we reported that nociceptive endings infiltrating both clinical samples and mouse tumor xenografts were associated with poorer clinical outcomes and drove tumor progression in vivo,as evidenced by clinical tissue microarray analysis and murine lingual denervation.We observed that the OSCC microenvironment was characteristic of excessive adenosine due to CD73 upregulation which negatively predicted clinical outcomes in the TCGA-HNSC patient cohort.Notably,such adenosine concentrative OSCC niche was associated with the stimulation of adenosine A2A receptor(A2AR)on trigeminal ganglia.Antagonism of trigeminal A2AR with a selective A2AR inhibitor SCH58261 resulted in impeded OSCC growth in vivo.We showed that trigeminal A2AR overstimulation in OSCC xenograft did not entail any changes in the transcription level of CGRP in trigeminal ganglia but significantly triggered the release of CGRP,an effect counteracted by SCH58261.We further demonstrated the pro-tumor effect of CGRP by feeding mice with the clinically approved CGRP receptor antagonist rimegepant which inhibited the activation of ERK and YAP.Finally,we diminished the impact of CGRP on OSCC with istradefylline,a clinically available drug that targets neuronal A2AR.Therefore,we established trigeminal A2AR-mediated CGRP release as a promising druggable circuit in OSCC treatment.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC)associated pain commonly predicts adverse events among patients.This clinical feature indicates the engagement of nociceptors on sensory neurons during the development of malignancy.However,it is yet to be determined if targeting oncometabolite-associated nociception processes can hinder OSCC progression.In this study,we reported that nociceptive endings infiltrating both clinical samples and mouse tumor xenografts were associated with poorer clinical outcomes and drove tumor progression in vivo,as evidenced by clinical tissue microarray analysis and murine lingual denervation.We observed that the OSCC microenvironment was characteristic of excessive adenosine due to CD73 upregulation which negatively predicted clinical outcomes in the TCGA-HNSC patient cohort.Notably,such adenosine concentrative OSCC niche was associated with the stimulation of adenosine A2A receptor(A2AR)on trigeminal ganglia.Antagonism of trigeminal A2AR with a selective A2AR inhibitor SCH58261 resulted in impeded OSCC growth in vivo.We showed that trigeminal A2AR overstimulation in OSCC xenograft did not entail any changes in the transcription level of CGRP in trigeminal ganglia but significantly triggered the release of CGRP,an effect counteracted by SCH58261.We further demonstrated the pro-tumor effect of CGRP by feeding mice with the clinically approved CGRP receptor antagonist rimegepant which inhibited the activation of ERK and YAP.Finally,we diminished the impact of CGRP on OSCC with istradefylline,a clinically available drug that targets neuronal A2AR.Therefore,we established trigeminal A2AR-mediated CGRP release as a promising druggable circuit in OSCC treatment.

The pollution caused by improper handling of plastics has become a global challenge. In addition to recycling plastics and using biodegradable plastics, an alternative solution is to seek efficient methods for degrading plastics. Among them, the methods of using biodegradable enzymes or microorganisms to treat plastics have attracted increasing attention because of its advantages of mild conditions and no secondary environmental pollution. Developing highly efficient depolymerizing microorganisms/enzymes is the core for plastics biodegradation. However, the current analysis and detection methods cannot meet the requirements for screening efficient plastics biodegraders. It is thus of great significance to develop rapid and accurate analysis methods for screening biodegraders and evaluating biodegradation efficiency. This review summarizes the recent application of various commonly used analytical techniques in plastics biodegradation, including high performance liquid chromatography, infrared spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography, and determination of zone of clearance, with fluorescence analysis techniques highlighted. This review may facilitate standardizing the characterization and analysis of plastics biodegradation process and developing more efficient methods for screening plastics biodegraders.
Biodegradable Plastics/chemistry* ; Biodegradation, Environmental

Objective:To investigate the value of computational omics biology model (CBM) in treatment of refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients.Methods:The clinical data of a refractory AML patient who received personalized therapy regimen predicted by Cellworks tumor response index (TRI) test in November 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The diagnosis, treatment and the therapeutic efficacy were summarized. The literature related to CBM in AML was reviewed.Results:The patient, a 43-year-old female, was diagnosed as AML accompanied with t(6;11)(q27;q23). She failed to respond after 2 courses of induction therapy, and had poor tolerance of chemotherapy. And then the Cellworks TRI test recommended the 3-drug combination regimen of cladribine, trametinib and cytarabine as the optimal chemotherapy regimen. After 1 course of treatment, the patient achieved complete remission and minimal residual disease negative. After remission, the patient successfully underwent haplo-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. She experienced a prolonged disease-free survival of 19 months and relapsed in November 2020, and passed away in April 2021. The overall survival time was 28.5 months.Conclusions:Cellworks TRI test based on CBM provides a new therapeutic approach for refractory AML patients, and its personalized treatment regimen based on genomics may improve the survival of patients.

Objective:To explore the method and effect in repairing the defect of fingertip with lateral V-Y advancement flap with one side palmar proper digital artery.Methods:From October 2014 to May 2019, Department of the Hand and Foot Surgery, the Third People's Hospital of Jining(Yanzhou District People's Hospital of Jining City) treated 34 digits of 27 cases with a defect area of 0.5 cm×0.5 cm-1.5 cm×2.0 cm. A lateral V-Y advancement flap with one side palmar proper artery was used to repair the fingertip defect, and the flap size was 1.7 cm×1.0 cm-4.5 cm×1.5 cm. Twenty cases entered long-time follow-up after operation, with 7 cases lost in follow-up, 16 cases were reviewed at outpatient and 4 by WeChat.Results:All the flaps of 34 digits of 27 cases survived. The color of the flaps were close to or completely normal to the surrounding tissue, the texture was soft and the appearance was good. The TPD of the flap was 2.0-6.0 mm. The follow-up time ranged from 22 to 77 months, with an average of 31.45 months. The flexion and extension function of the digits were good with total range of motion(ROM) of the thumb was > 90 °; total active motion (TAM) of the fingers was 260 °-200 °. The fingers of 1 case had hook nail or hook finger deformity. According to the Evaluation Trial Standard of Upper Limb Partial Function of Hand Surgery of Chinese Medical Association, 18 cases were excellent and 2 cases were good.Conclusion:The lateral V-Y advancement flap with one side palmar proper digital artery is easy to operate. The blood supply of the flap is reliable, with good sensation. The flexion and extension of the digits are good, and the appearance and texture of the flap are good.