Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Objective:To construct a volume management program for peritoneal dialysis patients in the peridialysis period.Methods:The intervention map was used as a guiding framework to build a first draft of a volume management program for peritoneal dialysis patients during the peridialysis period based on semi-structured interviews and a literature review in conjunction with a health belief model. Between December 2023 and February 2024, the first draft of the volume management program was revised by two rounds of expert consultation to produce a final program.Results:A total of 15 peritoneal dialysis medical and nursing experts were invited to complete two rounds of Delphi expert consultation. In the two rounds of expert consultation, 15 questionnaires were issued, and 15 valid questionnaires were recovered; the effective recovery rate was 100.00%, and the expert authority coefficient was both 0.903. The final constructed volume management program for peritoneal dialysis patients during the peridialysis period consisted of four first-level items (knowledge training, volume management plan development, behavioral assessment, and belief support), 10 second-level items, and 30 third-level items.Conclusions:The volume management program for peritoneal dialysis patients in the peridialysis period constructed in this study is scientific and can provide a reference for healthcare professionals.

Objective:To construct a volume management program for peritoneal dialysis patients in the peridialysis period.Methods:The intervention map was used as a guiding framework to build a first draft of a volume management program for peritoneal dialysis patients during the peridialysis period based on semi-structured interviews and a literature review in conjunction with a health belief model. Between December 2023 and February 2024, the first draft of the volume management program was revised by two rounds of expert consultation to produce a final program.Results:A total of 15 peritoneal dialysis medical and nursing experts were invited to complete two rounds of Delphi expert consultation. In the two rounds of expert consultation, 15 questionnaires were issued, and 15 valid questionnaires were recovered; the effective recovery rate was 100.00%, and the expert authority coefficient was both 0.903. The final constructed volume management program for peritoneal dialysis patients during the peridialysis period consisted of four first-level items (knowledge training, volume management plan development, behavioral assessment, and belief support), 10 second-level items, and 30 third-level items.Conclusions:The volume management program for peritoneal dialysis patients in the peridialysis period constructed in this study is scientific and can provide a reference for healthcare professionals.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Objective:To explore the correlation between nurses ' empowerment and professional identity in Cardiac Intensive Care Unit (CCU) . Methods:From June to September 2021, 164 nurses working in CCU of 8 ClassⅢ Grade A hospitals in Zhengzhou were selected as the research object by convenience sampling. The General Information Questionnaire, Professional Identity Scale for Nurses and Empowering Leadership Behavior Scale were used to conduct the questionnaire survey. A total of 164 questionnaires were distributed, and 158 valid questionnaires were recovered, with a valid recovery rate of 96.34% (158/164) .Results:Among 158 CCU nurses, the total scores of the Professional Identity Scale for Nurses and the Empowering Leadership Behavior Scale were (93.24±6.05) and (84.30±7.15) respectively. There was a positive correlation between the total score of Professional Identity Scale for Nurses and the total score of Empowering Leadership Behavior Scale ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:CCU nurses ' professional identity is at the middle level, while empowerment is closely related to their professional identity. Nursing managers should pay attention to the implementation of effective empowerment behavior, improve the professional identity of CCU nurses, and promote the stability of the nursing team.

Objective:To explore the current status of surgery for portal hypertension to grasp current status and future development of surgery in China.Methods:This study is jointly sponsored by China Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Specialist Alliance & Portal Hypertension Alliance in China (CHESS).Comprehensive surveying is conducted for basic domestic situations of surgery for portal hypertension, including case load, surgical approaches, management of postoperative complications, primary effects, existing confusion and obstacles, liver transplantation(LT), laparoscopic procedures and transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPS), etc.Results:A total of 8 512 cases of portal hypertension surgery are performed at 378 hospitals nationwide in 2021.Splenectomy plus devascularization predominated(53.0%)and laparoscopy accounted for 76.1%.Primary goal is preventing rebleeding(67.0%) and 72.8% of hospitals used preventive anticoagulants after conventional surgery.And 80.7% of teams believe that the formation of postoperative portal vein thrombosis is a surgical dilemma and 65.3% of hospitals practiced both laparoscopy and TIPS.The major reasons for patients with portal hypertension not receiving LT are due to a lack of qualifications for LT(69.3%)and economic factors(69.0%).Conclusions:Surgery is an integral part of management of portal hypertension in China.However, it is imperative to further standardize the grasp of surgical indications, the handling of surgical operation and the management of postoperative complications.Moreover, prospective, multi-center randomized controlled clinical studies should be performed.

Objective:To analyze the molecular mechanism of Zhenqi Fuzheng Capsules in the adjuvant treatment of AIDS by network pharmacology method and molecular docking technology.Methods:The active components and targets of Zhenqi Fuzheng Capsules were obtained through TCMSP, and the AIDS-related targets were obtained through GeneCards, OMIM and DrugBank databases. The intersection target PPI network was constructed through STRING 11.5 database, and Cytoscape 3.9.1 software was used for network topology analysis; Metascape database was used for GO function and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of core targets; Cytoscape 3.9.1 was used to construct Zhenqi Fuzheng Capsules component-target-pathway network; Autodock Tools software was used to carry out molecular docking of core targets and active components.Results:Totally 31 active components and 180 targets of Zhenqi Fuzheng Capsules were screened out. TNF, IL6, AKT1, IL1B, TP53, VEGFA, RELA, EGFR and CASP3 were identified as the core targets. GO functional enrichment analysis obtained 1 436 biological processes, 53 cellular components, and 117 molecular functions. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis obtained 167 pathways, which were related to pathways in cancer, AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications, and IL-17 signaling pathway was closely related. Molecular docking results showed that core targets such as AKT1 and TNF had good binding activity to quercetin, kaempferol, and luteolin.Conclusion:The main active components of Zhenqi Fuzheng Capsules in the adjuvant treatment of AIDS are quercetin, kaempferol and luteolin, which may treat AIDS through the IL-17 signaling pathway.

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli（ETEC）infection can induce watery diarrhea，leading to dehydration，electrolyte disturbance，and even death in severe cases. Recombinant B subunit/inactivated whole-cell cholera（rBS/WC）vaccine is effective in preventing ETEC infectious diarrhea. On the basis of the latest evidence on etiology and epidemiology of ETEC，as well as the effectiveness，safety，and health economics of rBS/WC vaccine，National Clinical Research Center for Child Health（The Children’s Hospital，Zhejiang University School of Medicine）and Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention invited experts to develop expert consensus on rBS/WC vaccine in prevention of ETEC infectious diarrhea. It aims to provide the clinicians and vaccination professionals with guidelines on using rBS/WC vaccine to reduce the incidence of ETEC infectious diarrhea.

Objective:To explore the current situation of nursing human caring in hospital wards and analyze its influencing factors, so as to facilitate the development of nursing human caring practice.Methods:From July to November 2022, a total of 107 hospitals were surveyed through stratified convenience sampling method, and 4 072 ward nursing managers were recruited to finish the general information questionnaire and the ward nursing human caring status questionnaire. The general information included the region, class and type of the hospital, etc. The ward nursing human caring status questionnaire included 38 items in 5 dimensions of nursing human caring system and process, humanistic quality and training of nursing staff, humanistic environment and facilities, human caring procedures and measures, and human caring quality evaluation and improvement, with a full score of 190 points. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the general data, independent samples t-test, ANOVA and correlation analysis were used to analyze the factors influencing the current status of nursing human caring in the ward, while multiple linear regression analysis was used to conduct a multivariate analysis. Results:The score of nursing human caring in hospital wards was 156.91±27.78. Whether the hospital had carried out nursing human caring pilot(demonstration) wards, whether the ward had previously been a hospital nursing human caring pilot(demonstration) nursing unit, the type of ward, and whether nursing managers had participated in human caring training were the influencing factors of the implication of nursing humanistic caring in wards( P<0.05). Conclusions:The practice of nursing human caring in hospital wards is at a good level, but needs to be further strengthened. Nursing managers should take systematically strategies to promote the development of nursing human caring practice.

Objective:To construct a standardized training program for full-time nursing postgraduate students, and to provide a basis for the training the high-quality nursing talents in hospitals.Methods:Through literature review and demi structured interview, preliminarily develop the training program was established from January to March 2021. Through two rounds of expert consultations of 16 experts, the standardized training program for nursing postgraduates was formulated.Results:The recovery rate of the two rounds were both 16/16. The expert authority coefficients of the two rounds of consultation were 0.819, respectively. The Kendall′s coordination coefficients of the two rounds of consultation were 0.329 and 0.334, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant ( P< 0.01). Finally, a standardized training program for entry-level nursing postgraduates was formed, which included five parts: training objects and quality requirements, training methods, training objectives, training contents and evaluation, with a total of 225 items. Conclusions:The standardized training program for nursing postgraduates formed is reliable, scientific and practical, which provides guidance and reference for the training and use of highly educated clinical nursing talents in hospitals.