Objective To explore the application value of low-temperature plasma bipolar forceps in open thyroid cancer surgery.Methods The clinical data of 30 patients with differentiated thyroid cancer treated with low-temperature plasma bipolar forceps by our team from May 2021 to October 2024 were retrospectively analyzed.And 30 patients with differentiated thyroid cancer treated with monopolar electrocautery+ultrasonic scalpel were selected as the control group.The surgical procedures for both groups were thyroid lobectomy,isthmus resection+ipsilateral level Ⅵ lymph node dissection.The age,gender,body mass index(BMI),tumor TNM stage,operation time,intraoperative blood loss,48 h postoperative drainage volume,and surgical complications of the two groups were compared.Results There were no significant differences in age,gender,BMI,and tumor TNM stage between the two groups.The operation time,intraoperative blood loss,48 h postoperative drainage volume,and the incidence of postoperative transient hypoparathyroidism in the low-temperature plasma bipolar forceps group were significantly less than those in the control group(P＜0.05).There were no occurrences of postoperative subcutaneous hematoma,permanent recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy,and permanent hypoparathyroidism in both groups.Conclusion In thyroid cancer surgery,low-temperature plasma bipolar forceps can not only achieve fine detailed operations,but also effectively protect the blood supply of the recurrent laryngeal nerve,superior laryngeal nerve,and parathyroid glands.It has less trauma and a faster postoperative recovery,and is worthy of clinical promotion and application.

Objective To explore the significance of mitoxantrone hydrochloride injection and carbon nanoparticles suspension injection in endoscopic radical thyroid cancer surgery.Methods A retrospective analysis was carried out on patients who underwent endoscopic radical surgery for unilateral thyroid cancer at the Depart-ment of General Surgery,Gansu Provincial Central Hospital,from December 2022 to February 2024.The patients were classified into two groups according to the intraoperative tracer employed:the mitoxantrone group and the nanocarbon group.After a 6-month postoperative follow-up,the baseline data of the two patient groups were compared.The intraoperative visualization of lymph nodes and parathyroid glands in both groups was observed.Additionally,the hospitalization costs and the incidence of postoperative complications were compared between the two groups.Results In this study,110 cases were included in the Mitoxantrone group and 126 cases in the nanocarbon group.The staining time of the central lymph nodes was significantly shorter in the nanocarbon group compared to the mitoxantrone group(P<0.05).The blue staining rate of MHI reached 97.5%,while the black staining rate of CNSI was 98.3%.The difference between them was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Regarding the number of central lymph nodes dissected,it was 9.34±0.22 in the Mitoxantrone group and 9.88±0.24 in the nanocarbon group,with no statistically significant difference(P>0.05).Similarly,the parathyroid misdissection rates were 1.8%and 0.8%in the two groups respectively,and no significant statistical difference was observed(P>0.05).Postoperative blood calcium and PTH levels measured at 1 day,1 month,and 6 months did not show any statistically significant differences between the two groups(P>0.05).The incidence of transient hypoparathy-roidism and hypocalcemia was comparable in both groups(P>0.05),and no patients developed permanent hypo-parathyroidism or permanent hoarseness.None of the patients in one Mitoxantrone group experienced postoperative hemorrhage,coeliac leakage,or skin staining.In contrast,in the nanocarbon group,there was one case of postop-erative hemorrhage and one case of coeliac leakage,and two case of skin staining.Conclusions In laparoscopic unilateral thyroid cancer radical surgery,when it comes to lymph node tracing and parathyroid gland protection,no significant disparities were detected between MHI and CNSI.Nevertheless,CNSI exhibits a shorter staining time for central lymph nodes.In contrast,MHI is more manageable,features a faster metabolic rate,and has been demonstrated to be more cost-effective.

Objective To explore the application value of low-temperature plasma bipolar forceps in open thyroid cancer surgery.Methods The clinical data of 30 patients with differentiated thyroid cancer treated with low-temperature plasma bipolar forceps by our team from May 2021 to October 2024 were retrospectively analyzed.And 30 patients with differentiated thyroid cancer treated with monopolar electrocautery+ultrasonic scalpel were selected as the control group.The surgical procedures for both groups were thyroid lobectomy,isthmus resection+ipsilateral level Ⅵ lymph node dissection.The age,gender,body mass index(BMI),tumor TNM stage,operation time,intraoperative blood loss,48 h postoperative drainage volume,and surgical complications of the two groups were compared.Results There were no significant differences in age,gender,BMI,and tumor TNM stage between the two groups.The operation time,intraoperative blood loss,48 h postoperative drainage volume,and the incidence of postoperative transient hypoparathyroidism in the low-temperature plasma bipolar forceps group were significantly less than those in the control group(P＜0.05).There were no occurrences of postoperative subcutaneous hematoma,permanent recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy,and permanent hypoparathyroidism in both groups.Conclusion In thyroid cancer surgery,low-temperature plasma bipolar forceps can not only achieve fine detailed operations,but also effectively protect the blood supply of the recurrent laryngeal nerve,superior laryngeal nerve,and parathyroid glands.It has less trauma and a faster postoperative recovery,and is worthy of clinical promotion and application.

Objective To explore the significance of mitoxantrone hydrochloride injection and carbon nanoparticles suspension injection in endoscopic radical thyroid cancer surgery.Methods A retrospective analysis was carried out on patients who underwent endoscopic radical surgery for unilateral thyroid cancer at the Depart-ment of General Surgery,Gansu Provincial Central Hospital,from December 2022 to February 2024.The patients were classified into two groups according to the intraoperative tracer employed:the mitoxantrone group and the nanocarbon group.After a 6-month postoperative follow-up,the baseline data of the two patient groups were compared.The intraoperative visualization of lymph nodes and parathyroid glands in both groups was observed.Additionally,the hospitalization costs and the incidence of postoperative complications were compared between the two groups.Results In this study,110 cases were included in the Mitoxantrone group and 126 cases in the nanocarbon group.The staining time of the central lymph nodes was significantly shorter in the nanocarbon group compared to the mitoxantrone group(P<0.05).The blue staining rate of MHI reached 97.5%,while the black staining rate of CNSI was 98.3%.The difference between them was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Regarding the number of central lymph nodes dissected,it was 9.34±0.22 in the Mitoxantrone group and 9.88±0.24 in the nanocarbon group,with no statistically significant difference(P>0.05).Similarly,the parathyroid misdissection rates were 1.8%and 0.8%in the two groups respectively,and no significant statistical difference was observed(P>0.05).Postoperative blood calcium and PTH levels measured at 1 day,1 month,and 6 months did not show any statistically significant differences between the two groups(P>0.05).The incidence of transient hypoparathy-roidism and hypocalcemia was comparable in both groups(P>0.05),and no patients developed permanent hypo-parathyroidism or permanent hoarseness.None of the patients in one Mitoxantrone group experienced postoperative hemorrhage,coeliac leakage,or skin staining.In contrast,in the nanocarbon group,there was one case of postop-erative hemorrhage and one case of coeliac leakage,and two case of skin staining.Conclusions In laparoscopic unilateral thyroid cancer radical surgery,when it comes to lymph node tracing and parathyroid gland protection,no significant disparities were detected between MHI and CNSI.Nevertheless,CNSI exhibits a shorter staining time for central lymph nodes.In contrast,MHI is more manageable,features a faster metabolic rate,and has been demonstrated to be more cost-effective.

China has become the world's second largest consumer market for cosmetics. The rapid development of the cosmetics industry requires that its regulatory management and standard and regulation also need to keep pace with the times and constantly improve. This paper compares domestic and foreign standards for skin sensitisation test, skin phototoxicity test and skin photoallergy test, and analysis the specific problems of the current standards and make recommendations.

Objective To explore the mediating role of eating disorders in the relationship between body image satisfaction and anxiety symptoms among college students,and further examine the moderating effect of mindfulness on this mediating pathway.Methods By using convenience sampling,we conducted baseline and follow-up surveys among freshmen and sophomores at two universities in Xizang Autonomous Region from September to December 2021.Measurements included the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale,the body image satisfaction subscale of the Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire,the Eating Attitudes Test,and the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale.Data analyses performed using SPSS 23.0 included Pearson correlation analysis,mediation(model 4),and moderation(model 58)effect analysis.Results A total of 2 993 students participated in both the baseline and follow-up surveys,including 1 007 males(34.3％)and 1,666 Tibetan and other ethnic minorities(56.8％),with an average age of 19.8(SD=1.3)years.Body image satisfaction significantly predicted anxiety symptoms,and this relationship was partially mediated by disordered eating.The presence of mindfulness moderated the impact of body image satisfaction on disordered eating and the influence of disordered eating on anxiety symptoms,indicating varying strengths of these relationships at different levels of mindfulness.Conclusion This study demonstrates that body image satisfaction can significantly predict anxiety symptoms,with disordered eating playing a mediating role in this relationship.The moderating effect of mindfulness further reveals that students with high levels of mindfulness are less likely to experience eating disorders influenced by body image dissatisfaction.Interventions for college students'mental health should consider including management of body image and eating behaviors,as well as mindfulness training.

Diabetic kidney disease(DKD)is a chronic kidney disease caused by diabetes,influenced by genetic and environmental factors and their interaction.It is the primary cause of chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease.Recent studies have found,as a natural isoquinoline alkaloid,berberine(BBR)has hypoglycemic,hypolipidemic,antiox-idant,anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic properties,thus protects against kidney injury in DKD.The mechanisms of action of BBR may involve improving glucolipid metabolism,reducing oxidative stress,alleviating inflammatory responses,mitigat-ing renal fibrosis,regulating DNA methylation,promoting mitochondrial function and modulating the gut microbiota to enhance gut metabolism and clearance.This article systematically reviews the current status of research on the mechanisms of BBR in the treatment of DKD and provides reference for future clinical application of BBR in the treatment of DKD.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with the impairment of white matter (WM) tracts. The current study aimed to verify the utility of WM as the neuroimaging marker of AD with multisite diffusion tensor imaging datasets [321 patients with AD, 265 patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), 279 normal controls (NC)], a unified pipeline, and independent site cross-validation. Automated fiber quantification was used to extract diffusion profiles along tracts. Random-effects meta-analyses showed a reproducible degeneration pattern in which fractional anisotropy significantly decreased in the AD and MCI groups compared with NC. Machine learning models using tract-based features showed good generalizability among independent site cross-validation. The diffusion metrics of the altered regions and the AD probability predicted by the models were highly correlated with cognitive ability in the AD and MCI groups. We highlighted the reproducibility and generalizability of the degeneration pattern of WM tracts in AD.
Humans ; White Matter/diagnostic imaging* ; Diffusion Tensor Imaging/methods* ; Alzheimer Disease/complications* ; Reproducibility of Results ; Cognition ; Cognitive Dysfunction/complications* ; Brain/diagnostic imaging*

Objective:To explore the effect of intragastric administration of diphenoxylate on inducing epilepsy in mice, as well as the changes in neurobehavioral and hippocampal neurons in mice.Methods:Forty C57 male mice aged 2-3 weeks were selected and divided into control group and diphenoxylate group using random number table method, with 20 mice in each group. The mice in the diphenoxylate group were given diphenoxylate (200 mg/kg) by gavage once a day for 14 consecutive days, while the control group mice were given an equal volume of 0.9% sodium chloride solution every day. After each gavage, the seizure status of mice within 2 hours was observed and the mice were graded based on the Racine score. Open field test, elevated cross test, and Morris water maze test were used to observe the neurobehavioral activities of mouse.A digital electroencephalogram machine was used to monitor the epileptic seizures of mice induced by diphenoxylate.Nissl staining was used to observe the damage of hippocampal neurons in mice.SPSS 25.0 software was used for statistical analysis of the data, and independent sample t-test was used for pairwise comparison. Results:The Racine grading results showed that the mice in diphenoxylate group exhibited grade 2 and 3 seizures at 1 hour after gavage. The EEG monitoring results showed that compared with before gavage, the frequency and amplitude of brain waves of mice in diphenoxylate group increased.In the open field test, the residence time in the central region of mice in diphenoxylate group was significantly lower than that of the control group ((12.21±3.37)s, (17.05±4.34)s, t=3.29, P<0.01). In the elevated cross test, the residence time in the open arm of mice in diphenoxylate group was significantly lower than that of the control group ((17.36±5.41)s, (26.70±9.06)s, t=3.31, P<0.01). In the Morris water maze test, the residence time in the platform quadrant of diphenoxylate group was significantly lower than that of the control group((22.08±6.76)s, (27.64±4.60)s, t=2.54, P<0.05). The residence time and the number of stays in the platform area of diphenoxylate group were both significantly lower than those of the control group(both P<0.05). Nissl staining showed that the number of hippocampal neurons in the CA3 region of mice treated with diphenoxylate was significantly lower than that in the control group((135.67±4.59), (140.67±2.73), P<0.05). Conclusion:Excessive diphenoxylate can induce seizures in mice, and the mice exhibit increased anxiety-like behavior and decreased spatial learning and memory abilities.

Objective:To investigate the expression of N-myc downstream regulated gene 2(NDRG2) in hippocampus of epileptic mice and its effect on glutamate and glucose uptake in astrocytes of mice.Methods:The epileptic mouse model was induced by lithium chloride and pilocarpine nitrate. The mice were sacrificed at 1 d, 7 d, 15 d and 6 weeks after model establishment and the brain tissues of hippocampus were taken. Western blot was used to detect the expression of NDRG2 protein in hippocampus.The primary astrocytes of wild-type, NDRG2 + /+ and NDRG2 -/- mice were cultured and the NDRG2 phenotype of astrocytes was identified after primary culture. Glutamate content in the supernatant of astrocyte culture was determined by glutamate assay kit and ultraviolet spectrophotometer. Flow cytometry was used to detect the positive rate of 2-NBDG fluorescently labeled astrocytes. Results:(1) Compared with the control group (0.25±0.07), the expression of NDRG2 in the hippocampus of mice increased significantly in the acute phase of epilepsy (1 d(0.45±0.06, t=-3.84, P<0.05), 7 d(0.54±0.09, t=-4.30, P<0.05), 15 d(1.04±0.06, t=-15.08, P<0.01)), and remained significantly high in the chronic phase of epilepsy( 6 weeks (1.30±0.16, t=-10.40, P<0.01)). (2) The content of residual glutamate in the supernatant fluid of primary cell culture medium was detected.It was found that the uptake of glutamate by astrocytes in the NDRG2 -/- group was significantly lower than that in the NDRG2 + /+ group ((689.03±101.78) μmol/L, (113.67±37.35) μmol/L; t=9.19, P<0.01). (3) Western blot results showed that the expression of EAAT1 protein in NDRG2 -/- primary astrocyte was significantly lower than that of NDRG2 + /+ primary astrocyte(0.34±0.03, 1.16±0.21), and the difference was statistically significant ( t=-6.59, P<0.01). (4) Flow cytometry results showed that the positive rate of astrocyte in NDRG2 -/- group cells was significantly lower than that in NDRG2 + /+ group cells ((17.60±5.72)%, (72.22±8.35)%), and the difference was statistically significant ( t=-13.22, P<0.01). Conclusion:NDGR2 is closely related to the occurrence and development of epileptic diseases. The expression of NDRG2 is beneficial to exert its physiological function of EAAT1 and promotes the uptake of glutamate and glucose by astrocyte. It may be a potential cell protective factor to promote nerve protection and repairment.