Background: and Purpose Live cell-based assays (LCBA) are increasingly used for serological antibody detection due to their ability to preserve antigen conformation, offering moderately higher sensitivity than fixed cell-based assays. However, the clinical necessity of prioritizing LCBA for the detection of aquaporin-4 immunoglobulin G (AQP4-IgG) in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) remains unclear, especially when compared to its established role in diagnosing myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease. Methods: We compared the performance of live cell-based assays using immunofluorescence (LCBA-IF) and fixed cell-based assays using immunofluorescence (FCBA-IF) in detecting AQP4-IgG in 90 cases of NMOSD meeting 2015 International Panel for Neuromyelitis Optica Diagnosis criteria, alongside 40 controls. Additionally, we further investigated the relationship between AQP4-IgG titers as measured by LCBA-IF and FCBA-IF and clinical parameters in NMOSD patients. Results: Results showed 96.9% agreement between LCBA-IF and FCBA-IF (Cohen’s κ=0.935), with a strong Spearman correlation (0.977, p<0.001). Both methods demonstrated 100% specificity, with LCBA-IF showing slightly higher sensitivity compared to FCBA-IF. Within LCBAIF-tested groups, statistically significant differences in annualized relapse rates were observed across all pairwise comparisons (low-titer vs. moderate-titer, low-titer vs. high-titer, and moderate-titer vs. high-titer; all p<0.050). However, this association reached statistical significance in some FCBA-IF-tested groups. Conclusions Overall, there is a strong concordance between LCBA-IF and FCBA-IF in detecting AQP4-IgG, where LCBA-IF shows slightly higher sensitivity. Furthermore, there is a potential link between elevated AQP4-IgG titers and an increased risk of relapse, and this correlation may appear more pronounced when using LCBA-IF.

Objective:To explore the efficacy and safety of type A botulinum toxin (BTX-A) in alleviating pain and reducing capsular contracture after breast augmentation surgery.Methods:This single-center, double-blind, and randomized controlled trial included 212 female patients who underwent breast augmentation surgery at Changsha YaMei Medical Cosmetic Hospital from May 2020 to January 2021. Patients were divided into two groups according to whether BTX-A was injected into the pectoralis major during the augmentation: 106 in the BTX-A group, with an average age of (33.1±3.8) years; and 106 in the control group, with an average age of (33.3±3.5) years. The visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to assess pain on days 1, 3 and 7 post-operation. After two years of follow-up, the postoperative VAS scores, duration of pain, rates of capsular contracture, and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results:One case was lost to follow-up in each group. On postoperative days 1 and 3, the VAS scores of the BTX-A group were (3.93±1.77) and (5.35±2.04) scores, respectively, lower than those of the control group, which were (5.93±2.17) and (7.34±1.75) scores (both P<0.001). On day 7, the scores were (1.96±1.71) and (2.26±1.90) scores, respectively, with no statistically significant difference ( P=0.225). The pain severity in both groups showed a trend of initial increase followed by a decrease, with a significant difference ( P<0.001). The duration of pain in the BTX-A group was (2.6±1.8) days, shorter than that in the control group (4.9±2.1) days, with a statistically significant difference ( P<0.001). The rate of capsular contracture in the BTX-A group was 0.95% (1/105), compared to 1.90% (2/105) in the control group, with no statistically significant difference ( P=1.000). The incidence of adverse reactions was 11.32% (12/106) in the BTX-A group and 10.38% (11/106) in the control group, with no statistically significant difference ( P=0.825). There were no severe adverse reactions such as respiratory or cardiovascular events or deaths in either group. Conclusion:BTX-A can alleviate pain after breast augmentation surgery with high safety. However, it does not have a significant advantage in preventing capsular contracture.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy and impact on quality of life of the biofeedback (BF) therapy combined with the Wenyang Yiqi Prescription and self-efficacy interventions in patients with functional defecation disorders (FDD).Methods:A prospective, randomized controlled trial design was employed. A total of 128 FDD patients were selected from the Pelvic Floor Center of the Department of Proctology, Suzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, between January 2021 and April 2023. These patients were randomly divided into two groups, with 64 cases in each group. Additionally, 41 historical control patients, who had received conventional BF training between June 2015 and January 2018 at the same center, were included for comparison. The historical control group received conventional BF therapy, the intervention group 1 combined BF therapy with self-efficacy interventions, and the intervention group 2 added the Wenyang Yiqi Prescription based on intervention group 1's treatment. All three groups underwent two treatment courses. Constipation symptom scores before and after treatment were performed; self-efficacy was assessed via the Self-Rated Abilities for Health Practices scale (SRAHP); health behaviors were evaluated using the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile (HPLP); anxiety and depression were evaluated through Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS); quality of life was measured through SF-36. Clinical efficacy was evaluated based on constipation symptom scores.Results:During the treatment period, seven patients dropped out due to personal reasons, leaving 61 patients in intervention group 1 and 60 patients in intervention group 2 for efficacy analysis.　The total effective rates were 80.32% (49/61) in intervention group 1, 83.33% (50/60) in intervention group 2, and 56.10% (23/41) in the historical control group. The total effective rates of both intervention groups were significantly higher than those in the historical control group ( χ2=7.06, 9.15; P=0.029, 0.010, respectively). After treatment, intervention group 2 showed significantly lower constipation-related straining scores [1 (1, 2) vs. 2 (1, 2), Z=-4.51] compared to intervention group 1 ( P<0.05). Additionally, intervention group 2 had lower scores for straining [1 (1, 2) vs. 2 (1, 2), Z=-3.15] and defecation time [1 (0, 1) vs. 1 (1, 2), Z=-3.13] compared to the historical control group ( P<0.05). Psychological comfort efficacy (19.13 ± 2.51 vs. 16.98 ± 1.86, t=5.36), health responsibility efficacy (23.63 ± 4.69 vs. 22.59 ± 3.05, t=2.06), and overall SRAHP scores (75.98 ± 4.44 vs. 72.33 ± 5.16, t=4.17) were higher in intervention group 2 compared to intervention group 1 ( P<0.05). The HPLP scores (79.33 ± 11.13 vs. 72.80 ± 9.20, t=3.10) of intervention group 2 were higher than those of the historical control group ( P<0.05). Emotional functioning scores (75.98 ± 18.45 vs. 68.92 ± 20.58 and 68.55 ± 18.21, F=20.91) in intervention group 2 were higher than in both intervention group 1 and the historical control group ( P<0.05). Conclusion:The combination of the Wenyang Yiqi Prescription with BF therapy and self-efficacy interventions effectively improves the clinical symptoms and quality of life in FDD patients.

Objective:To explore the efficacy and safety of type A botulinum toxin (BTX-A) in alleviating pain and reducing capsular contracture after breast augmentation surgery.Methods:This single-center, double-blind, and randomized controlled trial included 212 female patients who underwent breast augmentation surgery at Changsha YaMei Medical Cosmetic Hospital from May 2020 to January 2021. Patients were divided into two groups according to whether BTX-A was injected into the pectoralis major during the augmentation: 106 in the BTX-A group, with an average age of (33.1±3.8) years; and 106 in the control group, with an average age of (33.3±3.5) years. The visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to assess pain on days 1, 3 and 7 post-operation. After two years of follow-up, the postoperative VAS scores, duration of pain, rates of capsular contracture, and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results:One case was lost to follow-up in each group. On postoperative days 1 and 3, the VAS scores of the BTX-A group were (3.93±1.77) and (5.35±2.04) scores, respectively, lower than those of the control group, which were (5.93±2.17) and (7.34±1.75) scores (both P<0.001). On day 7, the scores were (1.96±1.71) and (2.26±1.90) scores, respectively, with no statistically significant difference ( P=0.225). The pain severity in both groups showed a trend of initial increase followed by a decrease, with a significant difference ( P<0.001). The duration of pain in the BTX-A group was (2.6±1.8) days, shorter than that in the control group (4.9±2.1) days, with a statistically significant difference ( P<0.001). The rate of capsular contracture in the BTX-A group was 0.95% (1/105), compared to 1.90% (2/105) in the control group, with no statistically significant difference ( P=1.000). The incidence of adverse reactions was 11.32% (12/106) in the BTX-A group and 10.38% (11/106) in the control group, with no statistically significant difference ( P=0.825). There were no severe adverse reactions such as respiratory or cardiovascular events or deaths in either group. Conclusion:BTX-A can alleviate pain after breast augmentation surgery with high safety. However, it does not have a significant advantage in preventing capsular contracture.

Abstract In order to promote the high quality development of school meals, the article systematically analyzes the Policy Report on Promoting Healthy Meals in Schools issued by World Health Organization (WHO), introduces ways of changing the physical environment of meals and adjusting the provision of dietary information, clarifies the five steps of basic research-goals setting-action plans-implementation-impact evaluation, and points out that the development of school meals in China is facing the realistic difficulties such as unreasonable school nutrition structure, unbalanced nutrition supply, low nutritional awareness of students and serious double malnutrition burden. The paper puts forward the enlightenment of reasonable use of nudge to help students develop scientific eating habits, strengthen school health education, and reduce students double burden of malnutrition.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive memory deficits and cognitive decline. Previous studies of peripheral blood biomarkers in AD have been focused on alterations of β-amyloid (Aβ) and phosphorylated (p)-tau. This article reviews the research progress of new biomarkers, such as inflammatory factors, metabolic indicators, and non-coding RNA, in peripheral blood of AD in recent years, in order to provide references for AD diagnosis.

Objective:To explore the therapeutic mechanism of electroacupuncture(EA)in treating Parkinson disease(PD)using Tandem mass tag(TMT)quantitative proteomics technology. Methods:Forty-eight PD patients were randomly divided into a control group and an observation group,with 24 patients in each group.The control group received routine drug treatment,while the observation group received EA in addition to the routine drug treatment.EA was administered for 30 min per session,3 times a week,for a total of 12 weeks.Nine patients from each group were randomly selected to provide peripheral blood serum samples before and after treatment for TMT quantitative proteomics analysis.Differentially expressed proteins between the two groups were compared,and bioinformatics analysis was performed.The screened differentially expressed proteins were validated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). Results:In the observation group,scores on the unified Parkinson disease rating scale(UPDRS),UPDRS Ⅱ,and UPDRS Ⅲ were significantly reduced after treatment(P<0.05).In the control group,these scores tended to increase,but the changes were not statistically significant(P>0.05).After treatment,the UPDRS and UPDRS Ⅲ scores in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).The observation group showed 62 differentially expressed proteins,while the control group had 36.Compared to the control group,the observation group had 142 differentially expressed proteins.These proteins were primarily involved in the cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP)signaling pathway,T helper(Th)1 and Th2 cell differentiation,ATP-binding cassette transporter,vascular endothelial growth factor signaling pathway,and high-affinity immunoglobulin E receptor(FcεRI)signaling pathway.ELISA verification indicated that after EA treatment,the levels of α-Synuclein(αSyn)and heat shock protein beta 1(HSPB1)in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05),while the regulator of G-protein signaling 10(RGS10)level was significantly higher(P<0.05). Conclusion:EA,combined with routine drug therapy,can significantly improve clinical symptoms of PD,potentially through the regulation of the cAMP signaling pathway and the contents of differentially expressed proteins of αSyn,HSPB1,and RGS10.

In clinical dentistry,addressing unique conditions such as tilted,elongated,and torsion teeth during prepa-ration can be effectively managed through digital tooth morphology design.The production of a multi-stage 3D-printed guide offered a more efficient and accurate solution.This article presented a case of significant inclination,elongation,and torsion in the maxillary and mandibular canines that were successfully treated using crown restoration modification.A crown preparation guide was fabricated based on the final form design of the restoration using the target restorative space analysis technique to ensure precise tooth preparation.A tooth preparation guide was also designed and utilized fur-ther to enhance accuracy and efficiency during complex tooth preparation.The combined application of these multi-stage guides demonstrated promising clinical prospects.

Objectives:This study aims to investigate the impact of different Low-Density Lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)levels on progression of intermediate coronary stenosis,and the associated risk factors leading to the progression of such lesions. Methods:Data were collected on 219 consecutive patients admitted at the Fuwai Central China Vascular Hospital from January 2020 to February 2021,underwent angiographic examinations and diagnosed with intermediate coronary stenosis,with at least one follow-up angiography after 11 months.Offline quantitative flow ratio(QFR)analysis was performed on these cases.Patients were divided into two groups:LDL-C controlled group(LDL-C<1.8 mmol/L,148 patients with 191 vessels)and LDL-C uncontrolled group(LDL-C≥1.8 mmol/L,71 patients with 98 vessels).Coronary artery QFR and anatomical indicators such as minimal lumen diameter,minimal lumen area,percentage diameter stenosis,percentage area stenosis were compared within and between the groups.Further analysis was performed to identify influencing factors leading to changes in coronary physiological parameters derived from QFR. Results:Within the LDL-C controlled group,there was no significant difference in the QFR values of the vessels compared to baseline(P>0.05),whereas in the LDL-C uncontrolled group(P<0.05),a notable decline in QFR was observed.Patients in the LDL-C controlled group had lower rates of maximum diameter and area stenosis and higher minimum lumen diameter and area(all P<0.05).Through multifactorial Logistic regression analysis,it was found that a body mass index＞28 kg/m2,LDL-C≥1.8 mmol/L,and a history of myocardial infarction were independent risk factors leading to the decline in QFR(all P<0.05). Conclusions:It was found that patients in the LDL-C controlled group had higher coronary artery QFR,minimum lumen diameter and area,lower rates of maximum diameter and area stenosis.

China has become the world's second largest consumer market for cosmetics. The rapid development of the cosmetics industry requires that its regulatory management and standard and regulation also need to keep pace with the times and constantly improve. This paper compares domestic and foreign standards for skin sensitisation test, skin phototoxicity test and skin photoallergy test, and analysis the specific problems of the current standards and make recommendations.