Objective To evaluate the effect of LifePort combined with polymyxin B in preventing donor-derived infections caused by preservation solution contamination. Methods Clinical data of 110 kidney transplant recipients were retrospectively analyzed. According to the decontamination status of preservation solution, the recipients were divided into the decontamination group (n=62) and the non-decontamination group (n=48). The general data of the two groups were compared, and the preventive effect of polymyxin B on possible donor-derived infections (p-DDI) was analyzed, especially infections associated with multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (MDR GNB). Results There were no statistically significant differences in baseline data (gender, age, preservation solution contamination status, etc.) between the decontamination group and the non-decontamination group (all P > 0.05). The overall contamination rate of preservation solution was 80.0%, and 68 contaminated samples were with single microorganism and 20 with multiple microorganisms. Coagulase-negative staphylococci, Enterococcus and Klebsiella pneumoniae were the most common microorganisms in the positive samples. Fifteen cases of preservation solution were contaminated by MDR GNB, including 10 cases in the non-decontamination group and 5 cases in the decontamination group, with no statistically significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.053). Postoperative infection-related events occurred in 69 recipients, including 39 cases in the non-decontamination group and 30 cases in the decontamination group, with the incidence rate in the non-decontamination group significantly higher than that in the decontamination group (P < 0.001). Only 10 cases of infections were identified as p-DDI, all of which were positive for preservation solution culture, including 8 cases in the non-decontamination group and 2 cases in the decontamination group (P < 0.05). There were 5 cases of p-DDI related to MDR GNB in the non-decontamination group, while no such cases occurred in the decontamination group (P < 0.05). No adverse reactions related to polymyxin B were observed, and no recipient death or renal allograft dysfunction occurred in either group. Conclusions Adding polymyxin B to the preservation fluid during hypothermic machine perfusion with LifePort before renal transplantation may reduce p-DDI and its potential adverse consequences.

Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics of gouty arthritis in Northwest China from 2023 to 2025, and to formulate preventive intervention measures. Methods By retrospectively analyzing the case data of medical institutions in Northwest China from January 2023 to June 2025 (a total of 8 139 cases), the incidence trend and population distribution characteristics of gouty arthritis in this area were analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors. Results From 2023 to 2025, the prevalence rate of gouty arthritis in adult residents in Northwest China was 3.74% (304/8 139). Among the sites affected by gouty arthritis, the metatarsophalangeal joint accounted for the highest proportion (P<0.05). From the perspective of age distribution, the prevalence rate was the highest in 40-59 years old group (5.90%), followed by 66-80 years old group (4.21%) and >80 years old group (2.75%). The incidence rate in 40-65 years old group was higher than that in the other age groups (P<0.05). High blood uric acid and creatinine, alcohol drinking, obesity, high purine diet, concurrent chronic kidney disease and metabolic syndrome were risk factors affecting gouty arthritis in Northwest China (P<0.05). Conclusion High blood uric acid level, high creatinine level, alcohol drinking, obesity, high purine diet, concurrent chronic kidney disease and metabolic syndrome are risk factors influencing gouty arthritis in Northwest China. Based on the above factors, this study proposes comprehensive prevention strategies from the individual, community and public health levels to provide a scientific basis for reducing the incidence rate of gouty arthritis.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of Ephedra-Cinnamomum couplet medicinals on respiratory function and airway inflammation in rats with asthma of cold-fluid retention in lung syndrome and its mechanism. METHODS Sixty Wistar rats were randomly divided into blank group， model group， dexamethasone group [1 mg/（kg·d）]， and Ephedra-Cinnamomum low-， medium-， high-dose groups [0.234， 0.936， 1.872 g/（kg·d）]， with 10 rats in each group. The model and treatment groups were sensitized by intraperitoneal injection of antigen solution （ovalbumin 100 mg + aluminum hydroxide 100 mg） and challenged with 1% ovalbumin nebulization， along with exposure to a cold environment and ingestion of cold water， to establish the asthma model with cold-fluid retention in lung syndrome. From day 2， rats received corresponding drugs or normal saline intragastrically， once a day， for 21 consecutive days. The general behavioral changes in each group of rats were observed during the experimental process. The lung function parameters [peak expiratory flow （PEF）， airway resistance （Raw）， functional residual capacity （FRC）， expiratory flow at 50% of forced vital capacity （EF50%）] Δ 基金项目 国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目（No.82004233）； were measured before modeling and after the last medication as well as serum contents of interleukin-6 （IL-6）， IL-13， tumor necrosis factor- α （TNF- α） and interferon-gamma （IFN- γ） after the last medication were determined； the histopathological morphological changes in the lung tissues of rats were also observed； mRNA expressions of IL-6， IL-3， TNF-α， IFN-γ， thymic stromal lymphopoietin （TSLP）， and Toll-like receptor 4 （TLR4）， as well as protein expressions of TSLP and TLR4 were determined in lung tissue. RESULTS Compared with model group， the lung tissue damage of rats was relieved significantly； Raw， FRC， the contents and mRNA expression levels of IL-6， IL-13 and TNF-α， as well as the mRNA and protein expressions of TSLP and TLR4 were significantly decreased （P＜0.05）， while the contents and mRNA expressions of PEF， EF50 % and IFN-γ were significantly increased in the dexamethasone group and Ephedra-Cinnamomum medium- and high-dose groups （P＜0.05）. Moreover， only a few rats in the two groups exhibited typical symptoms of asthma. CONCLUSIONS Ephedra-Cinnamomum couplet medicinals improve respiratory function and ameliorate airway inflammation in asthma rats with cold-fluid retention in lung syndrome， the mechanism of which may be associated with inhibiting TSLP/TLR4 signaling pathway and modulating Th1/Th2 imbalance.

Objective:To analyze the impact of different intrauterine intervention methods and types of complications on fetal prognosis in cases of giant placental chorioangioma (CA), and determine the indications for various treatment methods by analyzing cases of adverse outcomes.Methods:Relevant articles were retrieved from China National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP Database, Wanfang Database, and Yiigle using the keywords "placental chorioangioma" and "fetal edema" or "anemia" or "cardiomegaly" or "polyhydramnios," and from PubMed, Embase, and UpToDate databases using the keywords "placental chorionic angioma or chorioangioma" and "fetal edema" or "anemia" or "polyhydramnios" or "hyperdynamic circulation" up to June 30th 2023. The size of the angiomas, fetal complications, intrauterine intervention methods, gestational weeks at intervention, and pregnancy outcomes were analyzed. Fetal and neonatal deaths were defined as adverse outcomes. Statistical analysis was performed using an independent sample t-test, rank-sum test, or Chi-square test (continuity correction Chi-square test or Pearson Chi-square test). Results:(1) A total of 582 articles were retrieved, and 51 articles were finally included, comprising 65 cases. Based on the intrauterine intervention methods, these cases were divided into the symptomatic treatment group (17 cases) and the etiological treatment group (48 cases). There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in the maximum diameter of the angiomas, the gestational weeks at intervention, or the gestational weeks at delivery. (2) The incidence of adverse outcomes was 3/17 in the symptomatic treatment group and 27.1% (13/48) in the etiological treatment group, with no statistically significant difference. In the etiological treatment group, the incidence of adverse outcomes in cases with fetal edema was 45.4% (10/22), which was significantly higher than the 11.5% (3/26) in cases without fetal edema, and the difference was statistically significant ( χ 2=6.94, P=0.008). (3) An analysis of 13 cases with adverse outcomes revealed that nine cases had highly vascularized chorioangiomas and/or blood supply vessels located close to the umbilical cord insertion point on the placenta, and nine were complicated by fetal edema. The incidence of adverse outcomes for fetoscopic laser coagulation/bipolar coagulation, radiofrequency or microwave ablation, bioglue embolization, anhydrous alcohol ablation, and microcoil embolization were 4/19, 3/4, 1/8, 2/9, and 3/6, respectively. Conclusions:Intrauterine treatment of CA should be individualized. Bioglue embolization may be the first-line treatment; Fetoscopic laser coagulation can be applied to cases where the blood supply vessels are small and superficial;Interstitial laser ablation and radiofrequency ablation can be used for branch-type CA when the main blood supply vessels are located within the hemangioma; Anhydrous alcohol ablation is contraindicated due to its risk of fetal circulation entry; Microcoil embolization has the risk of incomplete occlusion, which should be used with caution.

Objective:To compare the efficacy of ustekinumab (UST) and vedolizumab (VDZ) in achieving transmural healing in active Crohn′s disease (CD).Methods:From March 1, 2020 to November 30, 2024, 112 patients with active CD treated with UST or VDZ at the Department of Gastroenterology, Tenth People′s Hospital of Tongji University were retrospectively enrolled. According to the medication regimen, the 112 patients were divided into UST group (61 cases) and VDZ group (51 cases). Collected the data at baseline, such as the disease phenotype, other medication history, and clinical indicators including C-creative protein (CRP), etc. Clinical disease activity and endoscopic disease activity were assessed by Harvey-Bradshaw index (HBI) and simplified endoscopic score for Crohn′s disease (SES-CD), respectively. Transmural healing was evaluated according to the intestinal wall thickness measured by intestinal imaging examination of the affected intestinal segment. Transmural healing was defined as bowel wall thickness <0.3 cm and 110 obvious signs of inflammation, clinical remission was defined as HBI≤4, and endoscopic remission was defined as a reduction in SES-CD ≥50% or a score of ≤2. The primary endpoint was transmural healing rate within one year after treatment. The secondary endpoints were endoscopic healing rate and clinical remission rate at 13 to 24th week and 30 to 52nd week after treatment. Chi-square test or Fisher′s exact test was used to compare the efficacy of the 2 medications.Results:There was no significant difference in transmural healing rate between UST group and VDZ group within 1 year after treatment (16.4% (10/61) vs. 23.5% (12/51), χ2=0.90, P=0.344). There were no significant differences in the healing rate between UST group and VDZ group in patients with specific baseline characteristics before treatment, including CD with stenosis, with perianal disease, no history of glucocorticoid use, secondary loss of response to anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, SES-CD 7 to 15, decreased body mass index, and increased CRP (18.2%(6/33) vs. 19.4%(7/36), 17.9%(7/39) vs. 19.4%(6/31), 17.1%(6/35) vs. 24.2%(8/33), 20.0%(8/40) vs. 3/18, 14.3%(5/35) vs. 19.2%(5/26), 15.0%(3/20) vs. 3/10, 21.4%(6/28) vs. 5/16), all P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the clinical remission rate or endoscopic remission rate between the UST group and the VDZ group from 13 to 24th week (7/14 vs. 9/18, 3/14 vs. 7/18, RR=1.000 and 0.551, 95% confidence interval: 0.497to 2.011, 0.173to 1.755, χ2=<0.01, Fisher′s exact test, both P>0.05). There was no significant difference in clinical remission rate or endoscopic remission rate between UST group and VDZ group from week 30 to week 52 after treatment (68.5% (37/54) vs. 74.4% (32/43), 27.8% (15/54) vs. 32.6% (14/43), RR=0.921 and 0.853, 95% confidence interval: 0.716 to 1.184, 0.464 to 1.568, χ2=0.41 and 0.26, both P>0.05). In UST group, the proportion of patients with normal hemoglobin after transmural healing was higher than that of patients without transmural healing (9/10 vs. 45.1% (23/51), and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2=5.08, P=0.024). However, there were no significant differences in the proportion of patients with normal body mass index, CRP, platelet count, prealbumin, albumin, interleukin-6 or TNF-α levels after treatment between those who achieved transmural healing and those who did not in either UST group or VDZ group (all P>0.05). And in VDZ group there was no significant difference in the proportion of patients with normal hemoglobin between those who achieved transmural healing and who did not (all P>0.05). Conclusion:UST and VDZ exhibit similar efficacy in transmural healing within one year of treatment in patients with active CD.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the efficacy and safety of tirofiban for early neurological deterioration in patients with acute ischemic stroke. METHODS A total of 126 patients with early neurological deterioration of acute ischemic stroke who were admitted to the Department of Neurology， Heji Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College from January 2022 to December 2023 were selected and divided into observation group and control group according to random number table method， with 63 cases in each group. All patients received standardized treatment such as lipid-lowering and blood pressure-lowering therapy. Based on the standard treatment， patients in the control group additionally took Aspirin enteric-coated tablets 100 mg+Clopidogrel bisulfate tablets 75 mg orally （once a day， for 14 consecutive days）. The patients in the observation group received Tirofiban hydrochloride and sodium chloride injection based on the standardized treatment [first intravenous infusion of 0.40 μg/（kg·min） for 30 min， and then continuous intravenous infusion of 0.10 μg/（kg·min） for 47.5 h]； subsequently， patients were given Aspirin enteric-coated tablets （100 mg） and Clopidogrel bisulfate tablets （75 mg） once a day for 14 consecutive days. The clinical efficacy， the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale （NIHSS） score， modified Rankin Scale （mRS） score， and hemorheological indexes before and after treatment were compared between the two groups， and the adverse reactions were recorded. RESULTS The total effective rate （87.30%） of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group （71.43%） （P＜0.05）. NIHSS scores of the two groups at 1st， 7th and 14th day after treatment， the mRS score at 90th day after treatment， and the platelet aggregation rate， whole blood viscosity， plasma viscosity and fibrinogen at 14th day after treatment were significantly lower than those before treatment in the same group， and the observation group was significantly lower than the control group at the same period （P＜0.05）. The total incidences of adverse reactions such as nausea， headache， fever， gastrointestinal bleeding， oral and nasal mucosal bleeding and thrombocytopenia in both groups of patients were 28.57% respectively， with no statistically significant difference （P＞0.05）. CONCLUSIONS For patients with early neurological deterioration in acute ischemic stroke， the addition of tirofiban can accelerate the recovery of neurological function， improve blood hyperviscosity and platelet aggregation， and improve the prognosis of patients with good safety.

Due to its high sensitivity and non-destructive nature, Raman spectroscopy has become an essential analytical tool in biopharmaceutical analysis and drug development. Despite of the computational demands, data requirements, or ethical considerations, artificial intelligence (AI) and particularly deep learning algorithms has further advanced Raman spectroscopy by enhancing data processing, feature extraction, and model optimization, which not only improves the accuracy and efficiency of Raman spectroscopy detection, but also greatly expands its range of application. AI-guided Raman spectroscopy has numerous applications in biomedicine, including characterizing drug structures, analyzing drug forms, controlling drug quality, identifying components, and studying drug-biomolecule interactions. AI-guided Raman spectroscopy has also revolutionized biomedical research and clinical diagnostics, particularly in disease early diagnosis and treatment optimization. Therefore, AI methods are crucial to advancing Raman spectroscopy in biopharmaceutical research and clinical diagnostics, offering new perspectives and tools for disease treatment and pharmaceutical process control. In summary, integrating AI and Raman spectroscopy in biomedicine has significantly improved analytical capabilities, offering innovative approaches for research and clinical applications.

Objective:To analyze the changes in the phylogenetic and antigenic characteristics of the hemagglutinin (HA) gene of influenza virus A(H3N2) [A(H3N2)] during the 2022-2024 influenza seasons in Beijing.Methods:The data of influenza-like cases and A(H3N2) strains from 17 network laboratories and their corresponding sentinel hospitals were collected during the 2022-2024 influenza seasons. The HA genes were amplified and sequenced after extracting nucleic acids of the chosen virus strains. BioEdit, the nucleotide and amino acid sequence identity were conducted, and the maximum likelihood method in MEGA 5.0 software was used to construct the phylogenetic tree of HA genes. Web Logo displayed the amino acid mutation, and the N-glycosylation sites of HA online were analyzed using the NetNGlyc1.0 Server online. The Datamonkey platform was utilized to analyze the positive selection pressure sites of the HA protein.Results:The 2022-2024 influenza season includes 2022-2023 and 2023-2024. During the influenza seasons of 2022-2024, the positive rates of A(H3N2) nucleic acid were 10.35% (2 127/20 543) and 10.47% (4 386/41 876), respectively. In the 2022-2023 influenza season, there were two peaks in the A(H3N2). The comparison of HA genes between all A(H3N2) strains studied with the 2022-2024 vaccine strain (A/Darwin/9/2021) revealed that all of the strains studied have the two amino acid mutations involving 186 and 225 receptor binding sites. There were 31 amino acid substitutions in the 2022-2023 influenza season, of which 18 variant sites involved antigenic determinants. There were 35 amino acid mutations during the 2023-2024 influenza season, of which 14 were related to antigenic determinants. There were changes in the genetic evolutionary subclades of A(H3N2) strains in two influenza seasons: from 2022 to 2023, three evolutionary subclades were co-prevalent together, with the 3C.2a1b.2a.2a.3a.1 accounting for 76.67% (23/30), the 3C.2a1b.2a.1a accounting for 20.00% (6/30), the 3C.2a1b.2a.2a.1 accounting for 3.33% (1/30); from 2023 to 2024, two subclades were prevalent, with 3C.2a1b.2a.2a.3a.1 accounting for 95.12% (39/41) and 3C.2a1b.2a.2a.1 accounting for 4.88% (2/41). The glycosylation site changes of the HA protein of A(H3N2) have been enhanced from 2023 to 2024. The 145 amino acid position of the HA protein of the A(H3N2) was the positive selection site for stress selection site analysis.Conclusions:The evolutionary subclades of the HA gene of A(H3N2) in Beijing showed changes from 2022 to 2024, and the glycosylation site polymorphism of the HA protein of A(H3N2) significantly increased from 2023 to 2024. Continuous monitoring of HA mutations in the A(H3N2) is crucial, providing a basis for developing influenza prevention and control strategies, as well as new strategic support for screening influenza vaccine components, vaccine design, and discovery of drug targets.

Objective:To evaluate the preservation efficacy of 7 non-inactivating virus preservation solutions.Methods:Equal amounts of H1N1 virus were added to 7 commercially available non-inactivating virus preservation solutions, and the samples were stored at -20 ℃, 4 ℃, 25 ℃ and 37 ℃ for 1 hour, 6 hours, 1 day, 3 days, and 5 days. The viral nucleic acid in each simulated sample under different storage conditions was measured using real-time quantitative PCR. The hemagglutination (HA) titer was determined through viral isolation culture and hemagglutination assay, comparing the differences in viral growth activity across different storage solutions and conditions.Results:Except for solution E, the other solutions effectively protected viral nucleic acid at the 4 storage temperatures. In terms of viral activity, solutions A, B, C, and D effectively maintained viral viability. A and B showing the best performance, E and F showed poorer performance, and G performed the worst.Conclusions:Most non-inactivating virus preservation solutions effectively protect viral nucleic acid, but there are significant differences in their ability to maintain viral viability. To ensure optimal virus preservation, it is recommended that medical institutions evaluate the effectiveness of preservation solutions before use.

Liquid chip technology is based on liquid carrier. Comparing to the traditional detection methods, it has unique characteristics such as multiple detection ability, high throughput, high sensitivity, good repeatability, less sample and fast analysis. It can analyse proteins, nucleic acids and other biological molecules in liquid. At present, it has been widely used in the laboratory diagnosis of tumors, autoimmune diseases, allergic diseases, cytokines related diseases, as well as infectious diseases. This article discussed the principles, detection performances, clinical applications and future prospects of liquid chip technology.