Background/Aims: The World Health Organization set the goal of eliminating hepatitis C virus (HCV) by 2030, with 80% and 65% reductions in HCV incidence and mortality rates, respectively. We aimed to evaluate the health benefits, cost-effectiveness and return on investment (ROI) of HCV elimination. Methods: Using an HCV transmission compartmental model, we evaluated the benefits and costs of different strategies combining screening and treatment for Chinese populations. We identified strategies to achieve HCV elimination and calculated the incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) per disability-adjusted life year (DALY) averted for 2022–2030 to identify the optimal elimination strategy. Furthermore, we estimated the ROI by 2050 by comparing the required investment with the economic productivity gains from reduced HCV incidence and deaths. Results: The strategy that results in the most significant health benefits involves conducting annual primary screening at a rate of 14%, re-screening people who inject drugs annually and the general population every five years, and treating 95% of those diagnosed (P14-R4-T95), preventing approximately 5.75 and 0.44 million HCV infections and deaths, respectively, during 2022–2030. At a willingness-to-pay threshold of $12,615, the P14-R4-T95 strategy is the most cost-effective, with an ICER of $5,449/DALY. By 2050, this strategy would have a net benefit of $120,997 million (ROI=0.868). Conclusions Achieving HCV elimination in China by 2030 will require significant investment in large-scale universal screening and treatment, but it will yield substantial health and economic benefits and is cost-effective.

Objective To develop and validate a safety assessment scale for early mobilization in lung transplant patients after surgery.Methods From September 2022 to April 2023,a preliminary scale was constructed using literature analysis,expert meetings,and the Delphi method.From June 2023 to May 2024,a convenience sampling was used to select 135 patients admitted to the lung transplant center of a tertiary general hospital in Jiangsu Province.Item analysis,reliability analysis,and validity analysis were applied to adjust the items,forming the final scale.Results The post-operative early mobilization safety assessment scale for lung transplant patients includes 5 dimensions(consciousness level,vital signs,disease-related factors,mobility,and nutritional status)and 18 items.The inter-rater reliability of the scale is 0.985;the overall content validity index is 0.853;the split-half reliability is 0.716.The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for predicting adverse events within 72 hours of mobilization is 0.845,with a 95％confidence interval of 0.767 to 0.917(P＜0.001).The optimal cutoff value is 18.5,with a sensitivity of 0.735 and a specificity of 0.782.Conclusion The developed safety assessment scale for early mobilization in lung transplant patients after surgery demonstrates good reliability and validity,and it can serve as a clinical tool to assess the safety of early mobilization activities in these patients.

Objective To evaluate the application of modified chairside case-based learning(CBL)in the teaching of dental residents in the prosthodontic clinic.Methods Dental residents in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from September 2022 to September 2024 were enrolled.Traditional CBL was conducted in control group.Modified chairside CBL was conducted in test group.The scores of department rotation examination and questionnaire results were analyzed with t-test statistical analysis.Results The score of"patient reception"in test group was significantly higher than control group(P＜0.05).24 valid questionnaires were collected in two groups each.The rate of approval in test group was significantly higher than control group in the following items of questionnaire,including"reduce learning pressure or burden""improve the capacity of doctor-patient communication""improve the capacity of literature review""improve the capacity of group cooperation"(P＜0.05).Conclusions Modified chairside CBL has showed good teaching effects in improving the capacity of patient reception,doctor-patient communication,literature review,group cooperation,and meanwhile reduced learning pressure or burden.

Background/Aims: The World Health Organization set the goal of eliminating hepatitis C virus (HCV) by 2030, with 80% and 65% reductions in HCV incidence and mortality rates, respectively. We aimed to evaluate the health benefits, cost-effectiveness and return on investment (ROI) of HCV elimination. Methods: Using an HCV transmission compartmental model, we evaluated the benefits and costs of different strategies combining screening and treatment for Chinese populations. We identified strategies to achieve HCV elimination and calculated the incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) per disability-adjusted life year (DALY) averted for 2022–2030 to identify the optimal elimination strategy. Furthermore, we estimated the ROI by 2050 by comparing the required investment with the economic productivity gains from reduced HCV incidence and deaths. Results: The strategy that results in the most significant health benefits involves conducting annual primary screening at a rate of 14%, re-screening people who inject drugs annually and the general population every five years, and treating 95% of those diagnosed (P14-R4-T95), preventing approximately 5.75 and 0.44 million HCV infections and deaths, respectively, during 2022–2030. At a willingness-to-pay threshold of $12,615, the P14-R4-T95 strategy is the most cost-effective, with an ICER of $5,449/DALY. By 2050, this strategy would have a net benefit of $120,997 million (ROI=0.868). Conclusions Achieving HCV elimination in China by 2030 will require significant investment in large-scale universal screening and treatment, but it will yield substantial health and economic benefits and is cost-effective.

Background/Aims: The World Health Organization set the goal of eliminating hepatitis C virus (HCV) by 2030, with 80% and 65% reductions in HCV incidence and mortality rates, respectively. We aimed to evaluate the health benefits, cost-effectiveness and return on investment (ROI) of HCV elimination. Methods: Using an HCV transmission compartmental model, we evaluated the benefits and costs of different strategies combining screening and treatment for Chinese populations. We identified strategies to achieve HCV elimination and calculated the incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) per disability-adjusted life year (DALY) averted for 2022–2030 to identify the optimal elimination strategy. Furthermore, we estimated the ROI by 2050 by comparing the required investment with the economic productivity gains from reduced HCV incidence and deaths. Results: The strategy that results in the most significant health benefits involves conducting annual primary screening at a rate of 14%, re-screening people who inject drugs annually and the general population every five years, and treating 95% of those diagnosed (P14-R4-T95), preventing approximately 5.75 and 0.44 million HCV infections and deaths, respectively, during 2022–2030. At a willingness-to-pay threshold of $12,615, the P14-R4-T95 strategy is the most cost-effective, with an ICER of $5,449/DALY. By 2050, this strategy would have a net benefit of $120,997 million (ROI=0.868). Conclusions Achieving HCV elimination in China by 2030 will require significant investment in large-scale universal screening and treatment, but it will yield substantial health and economic benefits and is cost-effective.

Objective To investigate the expression of ferritinophagy-related gene ELAV-like RNA binding protein 1(ELAVL1)in multiple myeloma(MM)and elucidate its diagnostic and prognostic value for MM.Methods First,we analyzed ELAVL1 expression level in healthy controls and MM patients using data from the GEO and TCGA databases.Subsequently,bone marrow specimens were collected from 28 newly diagnosed MM patients and 20 healthy controls,and qRT-PCR was employed to validate ELAVL1 expression.The diagnostic and prognostic potential of ELAVL1 was assessed using ROC curve analysis and Kaplan-Meier survival curves.Additionally,univariate and multivariate COX regression analyses were performed to identify independent risk factors for MM prognosis.Finally,KEGG and GO enrichment analyses were performed using the DAVID online platform.Results The level of ELAVL1 expression was significantly higher in newly diagnosed MM patients and refractory/relapsed MM patients than in the healthy controls(P＜0.001).Moreover,ELAVL1 expression was positively correlated with the International Staging System(ISS)stage of MM(P＜0.01).Furthermore,qRT-PCR validation confirmed that ELAVL1 expression was elevated in the 28 newly diagnosed MM patients compared to the 20 healthy controls(P＜0.001).ROC curve analysis demonstrated that ELAVL1 could effectively differentiate between newly diagnosed MM patients,healthy controls,and MGUS patients(P＜0.001 and P=0.000 2,respectively).Survival analysis revealed that high ELAVL1 expression was associated with shorter progression-free survival(P=0.0141)and overall survival(P=0.008 0).Univariate and multivariate COX regression analyses identified high ELAVL1 expression as an independent risk factor for poor MM prognosis(P=0.005 0).KEGG analysis suggested that ELAVL1 might be involved in the Hippo and MAPK signaling pathways.Conclusion High ELAVL1 expression in MM may serve as a biomarker for diagnosis and poor prognosis.ELAVL1 may promote MM initiation and progression via the Hippo and MAPK signaling pathways.

Objective:This study used data-independent acquisition (DIA) proteomics to analyze plasma protein expression in sepsis-induced coagulopathy (SIC), identify key biomarkers, and develop a diagnostic model.Methods:This prospective study included 46 adult sepsis patients from the intensive care unit. Patients were categorized into a general sepsis group ( n=26) and an SIC group ( n=20) based on established SIC criteria. Plasma samples underwent proteomic and bioinformatics analyses to identify differentially expressed protein (DEP) using LASSO regression and Random Forest. A diagnostic model was constructed and assessed via receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results:The baseline data revealed that SIC patients exhibited longer prothrombin times, lower platelet counts, and higher D-dimer, fibrin degradation products, blood lactate, SOFA scores, and APACHE Ⅱ scores compared with general sepsis patients ( P<0.05). DIA proteomics identified 2 637 proteins, with 240 DEP meeting the criteria (fold change >1.5, P<0.05), including 81 upregulated and 159 downregulated DEP. Subcellular localization analysis revealed that DEPs were predominantly extracellular and nuclear. Gene ontology (GO) annotation showed that DEP were mainly involved in cellular physiology, biological regulation, and stress response processes in biological processes. Domain annotation revealed a predominance of immunoglobulin V regions in DEP, which are crucial for antigen recognition and binding. KEGG enrichment analysis showed significant enrichment of DEP in pathways related to natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity, glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor biosynthesis, tumor necrosis factor signaling, and NF-κB signaling. LASSO regression identified angiogenin and C-type lectin domain family 10 member A as key DEP. The SIC diagnostic nomogram showed an area under the curve of 0.896, with 0.731 specificity and 0.900 sensitivity. Conclusion:The nomogram incorporating angiogenin and C-type lectin domain family 10 member A provides an accurate tool for SIC diagnosis.

After ostomy surgery, patients lose the ability to control their anal sphincter, relying on ostomy pouches for excretion. Convex baseplates offer several advantages, including preventing leakage, reducing the risk of stoma and peripheral skin complications, and adapting to the dynamic stoma shapes caused by peristaltic expansion and contraction of the stoma. This article reviews the structure and features of convex baseplates, usage considerations, existing challenges, and future prospects, aiming to provide a reference for the standardized clinical use of convex baseplates and to improve patient health outcomes.

The classification of stoma skin barriers varies based on their specific features. The curvature design of convex skin barriers provides a secure and effective seal for patients with flat, retracted stomas or peristomal skin folds. The secure sealing ability of convex skin barriers is attributed to several critical structural components. Although convex skin barriers offer many clinical advantages, there is currently no unified standard for measuring their characteristics, resulting in confusion among healthcare professionals when selecting stoma care products. To address this issue, the 2021 International Stoma Care Expert Meeting proposed the Expert Consensus on Characteristics of Convex Skin Barriers and Clinical Application, which clearly defines five essential properties and clinical application guidelines for convex barriers. However, as most consensus contributors are from Europe and North America, its applicability in Chinese healthcare settings may be limited. Therefore, this paper provides a detailed interpretation of the five characteristics and clinical application statements of convex skin barriers, aiming to offer practical guidance to clinical nurses in selecting appropriate convex products and managing stoma-related complications.

Objective To investigate the expression of ferritinophagy-related gene ELAV-like RNA binding protein 1(ELAVL1)in multiple myeloma(MM)and elucidate its diagnostic and prognostic value for MM.Methods First,we analyzed ELAVL1 expression level in healthy controls and MM patients using data from the GEO and TCGA databases.Subsequently,bone marrow specimens were collected from 28 newly diagnosed MM patients and 20 healthy controls,and qRT-PCR was employed to validate ELAVL1 expression.The diagnostic and prognostic potential of ELAVL1 was assessed using ROC curve analysis and Kaplan-Meier survival curves.Additionally,univariate and multivariate COX regression analyses were performed to identify independent risk factors for MM prognosis.Finally,KEGG and GO enrichment analyses were performed using the DAVID online platform.Results The level of ELAVL1 expression was significantly higher in newly diagnosed MM patients and refractory/relapsed MM patients than in the healthy controls(P＜0.001).Moreover,ELAVL1 expression was positively correlated with the International Staging System(ISS)stage of MM(P＜0.01).Furthermore,qRT-PCR validation confirmed that ELAVL1 expression was elevated in the 28 newly diagnosed MM patients compared to the 20 healthy controls(P＜0.001).ROC curve analysis demonstrated that ELAVL1 could effectively differentiate between newly diagnosed MM patients,healthy controls,and MGUS patients(P＜0.001 and P=0.000 2,respectively).Survival analysis revealed that high ELAVL1 expression was associated with shorter progression-free survival(P=0.0141)and overall survival(P=0.008 0).Univariate and multivariate COX regression analyses identified high ELAVL1 expression as an independent risk factor for poor MM prognosis(P=0.005 0).KEGG analysis suggested that ELAVL1 might be involved in the Hippo and MAPK signaling pathways.Conclusion High ELAVL1 expression in MM may serve as a biomarker for diagnosis and poor prognosis.ELAVL1 may promote MM initiation and progression via the Hippo and MAPK signaling pathways.