Purpose To analyze the expression of SNAP23 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)and its influence on invasion of ESCC cells.Methods A total of 41 cases of ESCC and paired normal adjacent tissue(NAT)were collected.The expression and localization of SNAP23 were detected by immunohistochemical EnVision method.The differences of SNAP23 expression levels between ESCC tissues and NAT tissues were compared to analyze the relationship between SNAP23 expression and clinicopathological characteristics.The expression level of SNAP23 in human immortalized esophageal epithelial cells SHEE and ESCC cell lines TE-1,TE-13 and KYSE150 were detected by Western blot.Lentiviral vector transfection technique was used to construct stable transfection cell lines with knock-down and overexpression of SNAP23 gene.The effect of SNAP23 on invasion of ESCC cell line TE-13 was evaluated by cell invasion experiment.Results The expression of SNAP23 in ESCC was significantly higher(53.7％,22/41)than that in the NAT group(19.5％,8/41),the difference was statistically significant(x2=10.303,P＜0.01).The expression level of SNAP23 in ESCC tissues was significantly correlated with maximum tumor diameter(x2=4.193,P＜0.05)and invasion depth(x2=7.264,P＜0.05),but was not correlated with patient gender,age,tumor site,tumor type,pathologic grade,vascular embolus,nerve invasion and lymph node metastasis(P＞0.05).Compared with human immortalized esophageal epithelial cells SHEE,SNAP23 was highly expressed in ESCC cell lines(P＜0.000 1).Compared with the sh-NT group,the invasion of ESCC cell line TE-13 was inhibited when SNAP23 expression was knocked down(P＜0.000 1);compared with the Vector group,the invasion of ESCC cell line TE-13 was enhanced after overexpression of SNAP23(P＜0.000 1).Conclusion SNAP23 is highly expressed in ESCC tis-sue and cell lines,and its expression level in ESCC tissues is positively correlated with tumor maximum diameter and invasion depth;SNAP23 promotes the invasion of ESCC cells.

With the rapid advancement and iterative development of new artificial intelligence technologies, there remains a regulatory vacuum in corresponding governance measures among governments worldwide. Simultaneously, a technological and governance gap exists between developing countries and developed economies. In response, the World Health Organization (WHO) has released "Ethics and Governance of Artificial Intelligence for Health: Guidance on Large Multi-Modal Models" to assist governments in strengthening governance capabilities in this field. This paper provides an in-depth analysis of the Guidance, aiming to identify challenges and risks associated with the application of multimodal large models in healthcare. Guided by ethical principles for advancing health through artificial intelligence, the paper examines the three-tier governance framework and recommendations outlined in the Guidance. Additionally, it evaluates the current state of AI governance in China, offering insights and reference points for improving AI governance in China′s healthcare sector.

Objective:To understand the incidence rate of herpes zoster (HZ) and postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) in Beijing, and analyze the incidence trend of HZ and PHN from 2015 to 2022.Methods:Cases of HZ and PHN from 2015 to 2022 were retrieved from the Hospital Information Systems (HIS) of all primary and above hospitals/clinics in three districts representing the urban, inner suburban, and outer suburban areas of Beijing. After duplication screening, the first visit cases were screened, and the incidence characteristics were described. The incidence rate of HZ and PHN in each year by sex and age group and the age-standardized incidence rate were calculated. The annual percentage increase (APC) of incidence rate was calculated using the Joint regression model, and the change trend was analyzed.Results:The age-standardized incidence rate of HZ in Beijing from 2015 to 2022 ranged from 7.44‰ to 10.05‰, with an average annual incidence rate of 8.95 ‰, significantly increasing with age ( P<0.001). The Joinpoint regression model showed that the overall age-standardized incidence of HZ remained relatively stable, with no significant difference (APC=2.28%, t=1.56, P=0.170). However, the incidence rate among the 0-19-year-old group exhibited a trend of decrease (APC=-10.70%, t=-6.29, P<0.001). For PHN, the age-standardized incidence in Beijing ranged from 0.77‰ to 2.67‰, with an average annual incidence rate of 1.59‰ and a proportion of 9.48% to 26.86% among HZ cases. Both the incidence of PHN and its proportion among HZ cases increased with age ( P<0.001). The age-standardized incidence of PHN increased annually (APC=18.56%, t=9.02, P<0.001). Conclusion:The incidence rate of HZ and PHN in Beijing continues to be at a high level, and PHN shows an increasing trend over time.

OBJECTIVES: Investigating the protective effect of naringenin (NAR) on the osteogenic potential of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) under oxidative stress and its related mechanisms. METHODS: The oxidative damage model of hPDLSCs was established using hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) andthe hPDLSCs were treated with different concentrations of NAR and 0.5 μmol/L forkhead box protein O-1 (FOXO1) inhibitor AS1842856. After that, the cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) was used to determine the optimal concentrations of H₂O₂ and NAR. The alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and real time fluorescent quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) were employed to assess the expression of ALP, runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) and osteocalcin (OCN) in hPDLSCs of each group. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFH-DA) staining were utilized to evaluate the expression of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in hPDLSCs. Meanwhile, qRT-PCR and western blot were used to detect the expression levels of FOXO1 and β-catenin, both are pathway related genes and proteins. RESULTS: H₂O₂ exposure led to an increase in oxidative damage in hPDLSCs, characterized by a rise in intracellular ROS levels and increased expression of MDA and LDH (P<0.05). At the same time, the osteogenic differentiation ability of hPDLSCs decreased, as evidenced by lighter ALP staining and reduced expression levels of osteogenic differentiation-related genes ALP, RUNX2 and OCN (P<0.05). Co-treatment with NAR alleviated the oxidative damage in hPDLSCs, enhanced their antioxidant capacity, and restored their osteogenic ability. The FOXO1 inhibitor AS1842856 downregulated the expression of β-catenin (P<0.05) and significantly diminished both the antioxidant effect of NAR and its ability to restore osteogenesis (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS NAR can enhance the antioxidant capacity of hPDLSCs by activating the FOXO1/β-catenin signaling pathway within hPDLSCs, thereby mitigating oxidative stress damage and alleviating the loss of osteogenic capacity.
Humans ; Oxidative Stress/drug effects* ; Periodontal Ligament/cytology* ; Hydrogen Peroxide ; Forkhead Box Protein O1/metabolism* ; Stem Cells/cytology* ; Flavanones/pharmacology* ; beta Catenin/metabolism* ; Osteogenesis/drug effects* ; Signal Transduction ; Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit/metabolism* ; Alkaline Phosphatase/metabolism* ; Osteocalcin/metabolism* ; Cells, Cultured ; Cell Differentiation/drug effects*

A medical image segmentation network (RPR-MLP) based on multi-scale convolution and parallel reverse attention is presented. In the encoder,Res2net modules and tokenized multi-layer perceptron modules are used as the backbone structure to extract multi-scale information and enhance the diversity of semantic features. Meanwhile,the accuracy of semantic information extraction in the decoder is improved through parallel partial decoder. Additionally,reverse attention module re-emphasizes the focus on important regions for further improving the accuracy of segmentation results. The proposed method achieves Dice scores of 0.8967 and 0.8762 on the Kvasir and ISIC 2018 public datasets,respectively,demonstrating its effectiveness and generalization ability in medical image segmentation. Furthermore,when applied to the lung tumor CT image dataset (LungCancer dataset) collected in the study,the proposed network has Dice score,IoU and F1 score of 0.7278,58.83％and 67.85％,respectively,outperforming baseline network (UNeXt) and common CNN (U-Net,AttU-Net,U-Net++and PraNet) by 0.0301-0.0578、3.16％-4.70％,and 6.72％-18.53％,respectively. The study confirms the effectiveness and generalization ability of RPR-MLP network on different datasets,providing important technical support for lung tumor image segmentation.

Objective To explore the relationship between the inhibitory effect of quercetin on AC16 cardiomyocyte proliferation and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway,the relationship between quercetin(quercetin,QCT)and the proliferation of AC16 cardiomyocytes through in vitro was investigated.Methods AC16 cells were stimulated with different concentrations of QCT.The effects of QCT on AC16 cell proliferation were detected by inverted microscope photography,trypan blue counting,and CCK-8 assay.Western blot was used to detect the effects of QCT on the expression of phosphorylated β-catenin(p-β-catenin),c-Myc,β-catenin,low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5(LRP5),and LRP6.The effect of quercetin on cell proliferation was detected after overexpressing β-catenin ΔN,LRP5,and LRP6 genes,and after silencing LRP5 and LRP6 genes by trypan blue counting.Results Compared with the control group,QCT could decrease the number of AC16 cells and inhibit the proliferation rate,which was concentration-dependent.At the protein expression level,10 and 20 μmol/L QCT led to an significant upregulated modification of p-β-catenin protein(P<0.05)and significant downregulation of c-Myc,β-catenin,LRP5,and LRP6 protein expression(P<0.05)in AC16 cells.Therefore,10 μmol/L QCT was chosen as the intervention concentration.Overexpression of β-catenin ΔN,LRP5,and LRP6 genes in AC16 cells significantly rescued the cell proliferation inhibition caused by 10 μmol/L QCT compared to the drug-only group(P<0.05).Conversely,silencing LRP5 and LRP6 genes led to inhibition of AC16 cell proliferation,and the combination with 10 μmol/L QCT did not exacerbate the inhibition(P>0.05).Conclusion The quercetin could inhibit the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway via significant downregulation of LRP5/6,thereby attenuate cell proliferation of AC16 cardiomyocytes.

Objective Methyltransferase 3(METTL3)mediated N6-methyladenosine(m6A)methylation modifica-tion of transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 7(TRPM7)regulates ferroptosis and malig-nant progression in cervical cancer(CESC).Methods Totally 40 patients with cervical cancer were collected.Cer-vical cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues(≥3 cm from the edge of the tumor tissue)were sampled at opera-tion and then divided into experimental group and control group,respectively.RT-qPCR and Western blot were used to detect the differences in TRPM7 mRNA and protein expression between the two groups.TRPM7-interfering cell lines were constructed to investigate the effects of TRPM7 on CESC cells.Cell proliferation and apoptosis were assessed using 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine(EdU)assay and flow cytometry,respectively.Transwell chamber assays were employed to evaluate cell invasion and migration capabilities.The levels of ferroptosis in CESC cells were measured using kits for reactive oxygen species(ROS),malondialdehyde(MDA),glutathione(GSH),and Fe2+.Bioinformatics tools were utilized to predict methyltransferases associated with TRPM7.The interaction between METTL3 and TRPM7 was examined through RNA immunoprecipitation(RIP)and methylated RNA immunoprecip-itation quantitative PCR(Me-RIP qPCR).The effect of METTL3 on the stability of TRPM7 expression was assessed using actinomycin D assay.Results TRPM7 was highly expressed in CESC tissue and cells.Knockdown of TRPM7 significantly inhibited cell proliferation,promoted cell apoptosis,suppressed cell migration and invasion capabilities,and enhanced ferroptosis levels(P＜0.05).Bioinformatics predictions suggested that METTL3 might act as a methyltransferase for TRPM7.Interference with METTL3 gene expression significantly reduced TRPM7 pro-tein levels,decreased TRPM7 m6A modification levels,and impaired TRPM7 gene stability(P＜0.05).Conclusions METTL3 regulates CESC proliferation,apoptosis,migration,invasion,and ferroptosis by m6A meth-ylation modification of the TRPM7 gene.

Objective To make a comprehensive review about transitional care practice for patients receiving percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage(PTBD)and to analyze the current transitional care contents and evaluation indexes so as to provide guidance for improving the quality of transitional care services for discharged patients carrying a PTBD tube.Methods A scoping review study design was used to conduct a computerized retrieval of academic papers concerning the transitional care practice for discharged patients carrying a PTBD tube from the databases of PubMed,WOS Core Collection,CINAHL,Embase,Cochrane Library,CNKI,VIP,Wanfang med online,and Sinomed.The retrieval time period was from the establishment of the database to August 20,2024.Two investigators independently screened the literature to determine the studies to be included and the relevant information to be extracted.Results A total of 18 papers were enrolled in this study.The transitional care ways included telephone follow-up,home visit,online platform follow-up,and outpatient clinic follow-up.The intervention contents extended from in-hospital to out-of-hospital for up to 6 months.The evaluation indexes focused on the patient's knowledge about PTBD tube,the incidence of tube-related complications,the satisfaction with care,self-care ability,etc.Conclusion At present,the transitional care for discharged patients carrying a PTBD tube has a variety of content elements,which can improve the self-care ability and quality of life of the discharged patients carrying a PTBD tube to a certain extent,although more individualized transitional care modes need to be further explored.The evaluation indexes are mainly the outcome assessment of PTBD tube care.It is necessary to strengthen the quality supervision of organizational structure and nursing process.

Clinical practice guideline adaptation(hereinafter referred to as"guideline adaptation")is the consolidation and revision of existing high-quality guidelines so that the recommendations are better suited to the specific needs of different regions,thereby guiding optimal clinical practice.Currently,the guideline adap-tations is increasing in number internationally,but their reporting quality still needs to be improved.In 2022,the RIGHT-Ad@pt guideline adaptation reporting checklist was released.It provides a detailed description of the guideline adaptation process and reporting content,which will significantly enhance the rigor,transparency,and standardization of guideline adaptations.This paper interprets and analyzes the 34 items on the checklist,with the aim of providing reference for guideline adapters to standardize the reporting process.