OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) pretreatment of "biaoben acupoint combination" on cardiomyocyte mitochondrial fission in the rats with myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) and explore its mechanism. METHODS: Fifty male SD rats were randomly divided into a sham-operation group, a model group, an EA pretreatment group, an EA pretreatment + Compound C group and an EA pretreatment+ML385 group, 10 rats in each group. In the EA pretreatment, the EA pretreatment + Compound C group and the EA pretreatment+ML385 group, EA was delivered at bilateral "Neiguan" (PC6), "Zusanli" (ST36) and "Guanyuan" (CV4) for 20 min, with continuous wave and 2 Hz of frequency, 1 mA of current, once daily for consecutive 7 days. On day 8, in the EA pretreatment + Compound C group and the EA pretreatment+ML385 group, 30 min before model preparation, the intraperitoneal injection with Compound C (0.3 mg/kg) and ML385 (30 mg/kg) was administered respectively. Except in the sham-operation group, the ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery was performed to prepare MIRI rat model in the rest groups. In the sham-operation group, the thread was not ligated. After modeling, the content of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the ischemic area was measured by flow cytometry, superoxide dismutase (SOD) was detected using xanthine oxidase method, and malondialdelyde (MDA) was detected using thiobarbituric acid (TBA) chromatometry. The morphology of myocardial tissue in the ischemic area was observed with HE staining, and the mitochondria ultrastructure of cardiomyocytes observed under transmission electron microscopy. Using immunofluorescence analysis, the positive expression of mitochondrial fission factor (MFF), mitochondrial fission 1 protein antibody (Fis1) and dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) was detected; and with immunohistochemical method used, the protein expression of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), nuclear factor E2-associated factor2 (Nrf2) and Drp1 in the ischemic area was detected. RESULTS: Compared with the sham-operation group, the content of ROS and MDA in the myocardial tissue of the ischemic area, and the positive expression of MFF, Fis1 and Drp1 increased in the model group (P<0.01); the content of SOD and the protein expression of AMRK and Nrf2 decreased (P<0.01), and the protein expression of Drp1 elevated (P<0.01). Compared with the model group, the content of ROS and MDA in the myocardial tissue of the ischemic area, and the positive expression of MFF, Fis1 and Drp1 were dropped in the EA pretreatment group (P<0.01); the content of SOD and the protein expression of AMRK and Nrf2 rose (P<0.01), and the protein expression of Drp1 declined (P<0.01); and in the EA pretreatment+Compound C group and the EA pretreatment+ML385 group, the positive expression of MFF, Fis1 and Drp1, and the protein expression of Drp1 were all reduced (P<0.01). When compared with the EA pretreatment + Compound C group and the EA pretreatment+ML385 group, the content of ROS and MDA in the myocardial tissue of the ischemic area, and the positive expression of MFF, Fis1 and Drp1 were dropped in the EA pretreatment group (P<0.01); the content of SOD and the protein expression of AMRK and Nrf2 rose (P<0.01, P<0.05), and the protein expression of Drp1 decreased (P<0.05). In comparison with the model group, the EA pretreatment+Compound C group and the EA pretreatment+ML385 group, the cardiac muscle fiber rupture, cell swelling and mitochondrial disorders were obviously alleviated in the EA pretreatment group. The morphological changes were similar among the model group, the EA pretreatment+Compound C group and the EA pretreatment+ML385 group. CONCLUSION Electroacupuncture pretreatment of "biaoben acupoint combination" attenuates myocardial injury in MIRI rats, probably through promoting the phosphorylation of AMPK and Nrf2, inhibiting the excessive mitochondrial fission induced by Drp1, and reducing mitochondrial dysfunction caused by mitochondrial fragmentation and vacuolation.
Animals ; Electroacupuncture ; Male ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury/physiopathology* ; Myocytes, Cardiac/cytology* ; Rats ; Acupuncture Points ; Mitochondrial Dynamics ; Humans ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism* ; NF-E2-Related Factor 2/genetics* ; Superoxide Dismutase/metabolism*

Objective To analyze special histopathological characteristics of melanocytic nevi and their associations with age,gender,anatomical locations and pathological subtypes.Methods Clinical and histopathological data were collected from 1 011 patients with melanocytic nevi,who visited Beijing Hospital from January 2005 to January 2019,and analyzed retrospectively.Statistical analysis was carried out by using chi-square test for comparing enumeration data,and t test for comparing measurement data.Results Among the 1 011 patients with melanocytic nevi,the age at the clinic visit was 40.90 + 19.19years,and there were 289 males and 722 females.Lesional (biopsy) sites included the trunk (402 cases,39.8％),face and neck (268 cases,26.5％),extremities (138 cases,13.6％),hands and feet (133 cases,13.2％),scalp (53 cases,5.2％) and vulva (17 cases,1.7％).Pathological subtypes included intradermal nevus (580 cases,57.4％),compound nevus (333 cases,32.9％) and junctional nevus (98 cases,9.7％).Among special histopathological characteristics,neuralization and adipose cell hyperplasia were observed in 172 (17.0％) and 155 (15.3％) cases respectively,and the prevalence of neuralization and adipose cell hyperplasia was significantly higher in female patients than in male patients,higher in elderly patients than in young patients,and higher on the scalp than on the other sites (all P ＜ 0.05);vascular proliferation was observed in 313 (31.0％) cases,and more commonly occurred on the scalp than on the other sites (P＜0.05);nevus cells distributed along the hair follicles/sebaceous glands were observed in 502 (49.7％)cases,and more commonly seen on the face and neck than on the other sites (P ＜ 0.05);nevus cell lysis occurred in 203 (20.1％) cases,and fissures were observed in 384 (38.0％).All the above histopathological characteristics were more frequently observed in the intradermal nevus subtype than in the compound nevus subtype (all P＜0.05).Nevus cells distributed along the blood vessels were observed in 20 (2.0％) cases,and more commonly seen on the extremities than on the trunk,hands and feet (P ＜ 0.05),as well as in the compound nevus subtype than in the intradermal nevus subtype (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions There are many special histopathological characteristics in melanocytic nevi,such as neuralization,adipose cell hyperplasia,vascular proliferation,and nevus cells distributed along the hair follicles/sebaceous glands,which are associated with patients' age,gender,lesional locations and histopathological subtypes.

Objective To analyze correlations of the distribution of non-segmental vitiligo lesions with gender,age of onset,duration of disease,personal and family history of autoimmune diseases,family history of vitiligo,and so on.Methods Clinical data were collected from 1 125 patients with confirmed nonsegmental vitiligo in Department of Dermatology,Beijing Hospital from January 2009 to January 2019,and analyzed retrospectively.Statistical analysis was carried out with SPSS 20.0 software by using independentsample t test and chi-square test.Results Of the 1 125 patients with non-segmental vitiligo,599 were males and 526 were females,with a male-to-female ratio of 1.14:1.Their age of onset was 27.9 ± 17.1 years,and duration of disease was 5.2 ± 8.0 years.Skin lesions mostly occurred on the trunk (544 cases,48.4％) and face (535 cases,47.6％),followed by acral regions (430 cases,38.2％),extremities (297 cases,26.4％) and neck (231 cases,20.5％).The perioral region (17.2％),hands (47.9％) and genital region (14.5％) in the 599 male patients were more frequently affected than those in the 526 females (9.7％,22.6％,6.3％,x2 =13.33,77.66,20.01,respectively,all P ＜ 0.001),while the neck (27.0％) was more frequently affected in the female patients than in the male patients (14.9％,x2 =25.29,P ＜ 0.001).The age of onset was significantly lower in the patients with vitiligo lesions involving the legs,knees,feet,trunk,genital and periocular regions than in those without skin lesions on the above corresponding body sites (all P ＜ 0.05),but significantly higher in the patients with vitiligo lesions involving the arms and hands than in those without lesions on the above 2 sites (both P ＜ 0.05).Vitiligo lesions more likely occurred on the hands of patients with a personal or family history of autoimmune thyroid diseases compared with those without the personal or family history (50.0％ vs.27.9％,x2 =6.62,P =0.010).The trunk was more frequently affected in the patients with a family history of vitiligo than in those without (59.6％ vs.45.7％,x2 =13.36,P ＜ 0.001).Conclusion The distribution of non-segmental vitiligo lesions are correlated to some extent with gender,age of onset,personal and family history of autoimmune diseases and family history of vitiligo.

Objective We aimed to investigate whether sex hormone levels including total testosterone, estradiol, estradiol/total testosterone, and dehydroepiandrosterone ( DHEA ) were associated with macrovascular complications among Shanghai community-dwelling diabetic men. Methods Relying on the Environmental Pollutant Exposure and Metabolic Diseases in Shanghai (METAL) study (ChiCTR1800017573, www.chictr.org.cn), 2147 male diabetic participants were recruited from 10 communities. Carotid plaques and common carotid artery ( CCA) diameters were detected by carotid ultrasound. Cardiovascular disease ( CVD) was defined as a self-reported diagnosis of CVD, including coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, or stroke. Results ( 1) The prevalence of CVD in this study was 36. 0％, and patients with CVD had higher rates of hypertension and dyslipidemia than those without CVD. ( 2) After controlling for multiple factors, serum DHEA levels were negatively correlated with the prevalence of CVD while estradiol levels were positively correlated with both the prevalences of CVD and carotid plaque, estradiol/total testosterone ratio was also positively correlated with the prevalence of CVD. ( 3) In subgroup with unilateral/bilateral CCA plaque, and after controlling for multiple factors, total serum testosterone was negatively associated with the mean CCA diameter. Conclusion The incidence of macrovascular complications was lower in male diabetic patients with higher serum total testosterone and DHEA levels and lower estradiol levels, suggesting that sex hormone levels may be a window for the diagnosis and treatment of diabetic macrovascular complications.

Objective To investigate clinical features and therapeutic protocols of vulvovaginal-gingival syndrome(VVGS). Methods Clinical data were collected from 11 female patients with VVGS and analyzed. Results Among the 11 patients, the mean and median ages at a definite diagnosis of VVGS were both 46 years, and the average disease duration was 4 years. Painful erosive erythema was found on the vaginal vestibule in 7 patients, on the gingiva in 10, as well as on the bilateral buccal mucosa in 5. Additionally, 8 and 4 patients reported dyspareunia and vaginal hemorrhage, respectively. Seven patients were treated with low-dose oral methylprednisolone combined with hydroxychloroquine or colchicine, and the other 4 were treated with oral hydroxychloroquine alone. Furthermore, all of the 11 patients applied topical tacrolimus 0.1%ointment. Finally, 8 patients were cured or markedly improved. No obvious adverse reactions were observed in any of the patients. Conclusions VVGS mostly occurs in middle-aged women, with the vaginal vestibule and gingiva as predilection sites of painful erythema and dyspareunia as common symptoms. Patients have good responses to methylprednisolone combined with hydroxychloroquine, and hydroxychloroquine alone also shows good efficacy in patients with mild VVGS. Tacrolimus 0.1%ointment can be one of drugs for topical maintenance treatment of VVGS.

Objective To analyze the prevalence and characteristics of skin diseases in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Methods Clinical out patient records for both elderly and non-elderly individuals with T2DM were collected from the dermatology department of Beijing Hospital.Statistical comparisons were performed between the elderly group and the non-elderly group on the prevalence of common skin complications and disease characteristics.Analysis was performed in the elderly group to identify any association of common skin disorders with gender,age,duration of T2DM,or level of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c).Results Among 679 elderly T2DM cases,pruritus was the most common complication (26.1％),followed by eczema (21.t ％) and tinea pedis/onychomycosis (18.3％).Pruritus was more prevalent in the elderly group (177 cases,26.1％) compared to the non-elderly group (34 cases,9.8％) (x2 =6.006,P＜0.01).On the other hand,tinea pedis/onychomycosis was less prevalent in the senior group (124 cases,18.3 ％) than in the non-senior group (112 cases,32.2 ％) (x2 =37.437,P＜0.01).In the senior group,pruritus was more prevalent among male patients (105 out of 358 cases,29.3％) than among female patients(72 out of 321 cases,22.4％) (x2 =4.181,P =0.041).On average,patients with eczema were older[(72.3 ± 2.2)years] and had a longer history of T2DM [(8.3 ± 0.3)years] compared with patients without eczema[age:(65.2±1.9)years,history of T2DM:(5.2±0.1)years] (t=1.250,P=0.023 for age;t=1.680,P=0.033 for disease duration).Patients with tinea pedis/onychomycosis had higher HbA1c levels (6.7 ± 0.4) ％ than patients without tinea pedis/onychomycosis (6.1 ± 0.3) ％ (t =0.790,P＜0.01).Conclusions Pruritus is the most common skin complication in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes and is more common in elderly patients and male patients.Risk factors for developing eczema in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes may include older age and long disease duration.High levels of glycosylated hemoglobin in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes indicates increased risk for foot fungi infections.

Aim To observe the dysfunction of myocardial nuclear calcium transport in rat myocardial injury and effects of taurine on it . Methods The model of myocardial damage was induced by subcutaneous injection of isoproterenol (ISO,5 mg?kg-1?d-1). Myocardial nuclei were purified with Sucrose density centrifugation and identified zymologically. The activity of Ca2+_ATPase was measured zymologically and calcium uptake was assayed with 45Ca2+ isotope.Results Compared with the control, the Ca2+_ATPase activity of myocardial nuclear in ischemia group was decreased by 18.1%(P

AIM: To study the effects of Liquestrazin on succinic dehydrogenase (SDH) and cytochrome oxidase (CCO) in the myocardial mitochondria of the ischemia-reperfusion rats and its mechanism. METHODS:Model of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury was produced by coronary artery ligation . The rats were devided into sham operation control (SC), ischemia-reperfusion (IR) and ischemia-reperfusion protected with Liqustrazin (IR+L) group . Activity of SDH,CCO,SOD and GSH?PX and contents of malondialdehyde (MDA),Cyt aa 3,Cyt c and phospholipid(PL) were observed respectively . RESULTS: As compared with ischemia-reperfusion group (IR), IR+L group showed significantly increased activity of SDH, CCO,SOD and GSH?PX (P