ObjectiveTo explore the changes in color， odor and chemical components during wine-processing of Chuanxiong Rhizoma（CR）， identify differential markers， and provide a basis for standardizing the process and establishing quality standards. MethodsFifteen batches of CR samples from 4 producing areas were collected. Colorimeter and electronic nose were used to detect the color changes and odor components of CR before and after wine-processing. Multivariate statistical methods including partial least squares-discriminant analysis（PLS-DA）， principal component analysis（PCA）， discriminant factor analysis（DFA） and Fisher discriminant analysis were applied to identify wine-processed CR at different processing stages and establish discriminant models， and differential components were screened out based on variable importance in the projection（VIP） value1. Then， high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC） was employed to detect the content changes of four components（ferulic acid， senkyunolide I， senkyunolide A and ligustilide） during the processing stages. ResultsThe differences of wine-processed CR at various stages were primarily reflected in color parameters L^*（brightness value）， a^*（red-green value） and b^*（yellow-blue value）. Based on chromaticity differences， the color reference ranges were established for moderately processed CR， including L^* of 46.75-48.24， a^* of 5.37-6.07 and b^* of 20.32-21.70. In odor analysis， DFA revealed significant differences among processing stages， and 11 odor markers were identified， with four differential markers（4-hydroxy-3-butylphthalide， isopropyl butyrate， L-limonene and 1-methoxyhexane） based on VIP values. HPLC results showed that there was no significant difference of the four components except for ligustilide in wine-processed CR at different stages. ConclusionThis study achieved rapid identification of wine-processed CR with different processing degrees by electronic sensory technology and differential component content detection， with discrimination accuracy rates of 92.4% and 93.272% for color and odor， respectively. This paper also established the reference ranges of main colorimetric parameters for wine-processed CR at different stages， and four differential components were screened out， providing a basis for standardizing the processing of wine-processed CR and establishing quality standards for this decoction pieces.

ObjectiveTo explore the changes in color， odor and chemical components during wine-processing of Chuanxiong Rhizoma（CR）， identify differential markers， and provide a basis for standardizing the process and establishing quality standards. MethodsFifteen batches of CR samples from 4 producing areas were collected. Colorimeter and electronic nose were used to detect the color changes and odor components of CR before and after wine-processing. Multivariate statistical methods including partial least squares-discriminant analysis（PLS-DA）， principal component analysis（PCA）， discriminant factor analysis（DFA） and Fisher discriminant analysis were applied to identify wine-processed CR at different processing stages and establish discriminant models， and differential components were screened out based on variable importance in the projection（VIP） value1. Then， high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC） was employed to detect the content changes of four components（ferulic acid， senkyunolide I， senkyunolide A and ligustilide） during the processing stages. ResultsThe differences of wine-processed CR at various stages were primarily reflected in color parameters L^*（brightness value）， a^*（red-green value） and b^*（yellow-blue value）. Based on chromaticity differences， the color reference ranges were established for moderately processed CR， including L^* of 46.75-48.24， a^* of 5.37-6.07 and b^* of 20.32-21.70. In odor analysis， DFA revealed significant differences among processing stages， and 11 odor markers were identified， with four differential markers（4-hydroxy-3-butylphthalide， isopropyl butyrate， L-limonene and 1-methoxyhexane） based on VIP values. HPLC results showed that there was no significant difference of the four components except for ligustilide in wine-processed CR at different stages. ConclusionThis study achieved rapid identification of wine-processed CR with different processing degrees by electronic sensory technology and differential component content detection， with discrimination accuracy rates of 92.4% and 93.272% for color and odor， respectively. This paper also established the reference ranges of main colorimetric parameters for wine-processed CR at different stages， and four differential components were screened out， providing a basis for standardizing the processing of wine-processed CR and establishing quality standards for this decoction pieces.

With the continuous deepening of the concept of precision diagnosis and treatment for lung cancer, how to achieve higher efficiency and accuracy in the screening, diagnosis, and treatment pathways in clinical practice has become an important issue that urgently needs to be overcome. The current clinical difficulty lies in the fact that despite continuous advancements in imaging and molecular diagnostic technologies, there are still limitations in manual efficiency and subjective experience when it comes to massive data analysis and multi-scale feature extraction. Artificial intelligence (AI), especially algorithm systems based on deep learning, is an innovative technology capable of deeply empowering medical big data. This method utilizes algorithms such as convolutional neural networks, combined with radiomics, pathomics, and multi-modal data fusion analysis, demonstrating immense potential in early precise detection and benign-malignant differentiation of pulmonary nodules, digital pathological subtype recognition and non-invasive prediction of driver genes, precise 3D surgical planning and automatic delineation of radiotherapy target volumes, as well as dynamic risk warning during follow-up. This innovative technology provides a brand-new solution for realizing intelligent and individualized lung cancer diagnosis and treatment models. This consensus, based on the latest evidence from evidence-based medicine and combined with the development trends in the AI field and real-world clinical needs, was ultimately formed by gathering the consensus opinions of multidisciplinary experts in radiology, pathology, thoracic surgery, and other fields. The main content covers the application specifications of AI in the three core scenarios of lung cancer screening, diagnosis, and treatment, the technical standards for data collection and algorithm validation, as well as the ethical and regulatory challenges faced at the current stage. It aims to clarify the applicable boundaries of AI as a clinical auxiliary decision support tool, providing scientific guidance and standardized exploration directions for peers currently engaged in or planning to carry out AI-assisted clinical diagnosis, treatment, and translation of lung cancer.

With the widespread adoption of low-dose CT screening and the extensive application of high-resolution CT, the detection rate of sub-centimeter lung nodules has significantly increased. How to scientifically manage these nodules while avoiding overtreatment and diagnostic delays has become an important clinical issue. Among them, lung nodules with a consolidation tumor ratio less than 0.25, dominated by ground-glass shadows, are particularly worthy of attention. The therapeutic challenge for this group is how to achieve precise and complete resection of nodules during surgery while maximizing the preservation of the patient's lung function. The "watershed topography map" is a new technology based on big data and artificial intelligence algorithms. This method uses Dicom data from conventional dose CT scans, combined with microscopic (22-24 levels) capillary network anatomical watershed features, to generate high-precision simulated natural segmentation planes of lung sub-segments through specific textures and forms. This technology forms fluorescent watershed boundaries on the lung surface, which highly fit the actual lung anatomical structure. By analyzing the adjacent relationship between the nodule and the watershed boundary, real-time, visually accurate positioning of the nodule can be achieved. This innovative technology provides a new solution for the intraoperative positioning and resection of lung nodules. This consensus was led by four major domestic societies, jointly with expert teams in related fields, oriented to clinical practical needs, referring to domestic and foreign guidelines and consensus, and finally formed after multiple rounds of consultation, discussion, and voting. The main content covers the theoretical basis of the "watershed topography map" technology, indications, operation procedures, surgical planning details, and postoperative evaluation standards, aiming to provide scientific guidance and exploration directions for clinical peers who are currently or plan to carry out lung nodule resection using the fluorescent microscope watershed analysis method.

Objective: : The objective of this study was to assess the relationship between spermine synthase (SMS) expression, tumor occurrence, and prognosis in lower-grade gliomas (LGGs). Methods: : A total of 523 LGG patients and 1152 normal brain tissues were included as controls. Mann-Whitney U test was performed to evaluate SMS expression in the LGG group. Functional annotation analysis was conducted to explore the biological processes associated with high SMS expression. Immune cell infiltration analysis was performed to examine the correlation between SMS expression and immune cell types. The association between SMS expression and clinical and pathological features was assessed using Spearman correlation analysis. In vitro experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of overexpressing or downregulating SMS on cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion, and key proteins in the protein kinase B (AKT)/epithelialmesenchymal transition signaling pathway. Results: : The study revealed a significant upregulation of SMS expression in LGGs compared to normal brain tissues. High SMS expression was associated with certain clinical and pathological features, including older age, astrocytoma, higher World Health Organization grade, poor disease-specific survival, disease progression, non-1p/19q codeletion, and wild-type isocitrate dehydrogenase. Cox regression analysis identified SMS as a risk factor for overall survival. Bioinformatics analysis showed enrichment of eosinophils, T cells, and macrophages in LGG samples, while proportions of dendritic (DC) cells, plasmacytoid DC (pDC) cells, and CD8+ T cells were decreased. Conclusion : High SMS expression in LGGs may promote tumor occurrence through cellular proliferation and modulation of immune cell infiltration. These findings suggest the prognostic value of SMS in predicting clinical outcomes for LGG patients.

OBJECTIVE To establish the HPLC fingerprint of Xintong granules and the quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker method(QAMS)to determine the contents of 7 components,so as to provide a scientific basis for their quality control.METHODS HPLC method was used to establish the fingerprints for 10 batches of Xintong granules(No.S1-S10),and similarity evaluation,cluster analysis(CA)and partial least squares-discriminant analysis(PLS-DA)were performed.At the same time,the contents of seven components,including puerarin,daidzin,calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside,stilbene glycoside,naringin,icariin and tanshinone ⅡA,were determined by QAMS method,and were compared with the results of external standard method.RESULTS A total of 18 common peaks were marked and 7 peaks were identified in the HPLC fingerprints for 10 batches of Xintong granules,namely puerarin(peak 4),daidzin(peak 7),calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside(peak 9),stilbene glycoside(peak 10),naringin(peak 12),icariin(peak 17),and tanshinone ⅡA(peak 18);the similarities among them were more than 0.990,and CA and PLS-DA results showed that S4-S5,S8-S10,S1-S3 and S6-S7 were clustered into three categories,respectively.Using naringin as the internal standard,the contents of puerarin,daidzin,calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside,stilbene glycoside,icariin and tanshinone ⅡA were determined to be 7.868 1-10.181 2,1.709 2-2.374 1,0.285 2-0.326 3,1.024 1-1.523 9,0.140 2-0.290 4,and 0.077 1-0.219 4 mg/g,respectively,by the QAMS.These results showed no significant differences compared to those obtained by the external standard method.CONCLUSIONS Established HPLC fingerprint and QAMS method are convenient,stable and accurate,which can provide a basis for the quality evaluation of Xintong granules.

Objective:To investigate the training mode of outstanding talents in medical imaging in the context of "new medicine".Methods:Aiming at the 138 undergraduate students of medical imaging in the class of 2019, this study proposed a new model of "1+Medicine+X" based on "emphasis on ideology and politics", "strengthening practice", and "interdisciplinary training", which targeted the problems in the traditional teaching process, and the methods such as self-made course satisfaction questionnaires and achievements data collection were used to evaluate the effectiveness of teaching reform.Results:Through five years of reform practice, landmark accomplishments had been achieved in the construction of majors and courses (national and provincial first-class undergraduate majors), with significant improvements in the comprehensive ability and teaching satisfaction of students (process evaluation increased to 50.00%, teaching satisfaction increased to 96.20%), and the teaching reform had been widely recognized by the society.Conclusions:The "1+Medicine+X" model can effectively improve the training quality of medical imaging talents and thus provides a new paradigm for the disciplinary development of imaging and the cultivation of outstanding talents in the context of new medicine.

Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors of the digestive tract globally, causing a heavy burden on society due to its high incidence and mortality rates. Patients with gastric cancer and peritoneal metastasis suffer poor prognosis, and peritoneal metastasis is a major factor in the recurrence and metastasis of gastric cancer. Currently, the diagnosis of peritoneal metastasis mainly relies on contrast-enhanced CT, PET-CT, and other imaging techniques, but these technologies have a limited capability to detect small lesion of peritoneal metastases. Laparoscopic exploration is still considered as the most reliable method to diagnose peritoneal metastasis of gastric cancer. It allows direct visualization of the abdominal cavity and peritoneal regions, facilitating the detection of metastases. Furthermore, it enables the collection of histological or cytological specimens for definitive pathological diagnosis. However, the area formed by the parietal peritoneum and visceral peritoneum is large and has many folds in space. To explore the tumor and peritoneum as comprehensively as possible, our team has proposed the "Four-Step Procedure" of laparoscopic exploration for gastric cancer to standardize the operation process of laparoscopic exploration, which is characterized by its safety, comprehensiveness, precision and ease of implementation. This article primarily discusses the limitation of routine clinical techniques in diagnosing peritoneal metastasis in gastric cancer and introduce the significant value of the "Four-Step Procedure" in diagnosing peritoneal metastasis in gastric cancer.

Objective:To investigate the effects and mechanism of metformin on the proliferation and expression of fibrotic proteins of human hypertrophic scar (HS) fibroblasts (Fbs).Methods:The study was an experimental study. From June 2021 to June 2022, 5 patients with HS were admitted to the Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, including 3 males and 2 females, aged from 21 to 36 years. HS tissue was collected, Fbs were isolated and cultured, and Fbs of passage 5 to 7 were used for experiment. Fbs were taken and cultured in their respective media supplemented with phosphate buffered solution (PBS) or metformin at final molarities of 5, 10, 20, and 40 mmol/L for 48 hours. The cell proliferation activity was detected using the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), and the proliferation inhibition rate of cells was calculated. The content of hydroxyproline in the cell culture supernatant was measured using a hydroxyproline assay kit. The phosphorylation levels of protein kinase B (Akt) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in the cells were detected by Western blotting, and the ratios of phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt) to Akt and phosphorylated mTOR (p-mTOR) to mTOR were calculated. After 24 hours of culture, the mRNA expressions of type Ⅰ collagen, type Ⅲ collagen, and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in the cells were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Another batch of Fbs were divided into control group (with conventional culture), LY294002 group, metformin group, and LY294002+metformin group. LY294002, metformin, and LY294002+metformin were added to the culture media of the last three groups, respectively, with the final molarities of LY294002 and metformin being 20 μmol/L and 10 mmol/L, respectively. CCK-8 was used to detect the cell proliferation activity at 0 (immediately), 24, and 48 hours of culture. After 48 hours of culture, Western blotting was used to detect the phosphorylation levels of Akt and mTOR in the cells, and the ratios of p-Akt to Akt and p-mTOR to mTOR were calculated. The sample size for the cell proliferation inhibition rate experiment was 4, and the sample size for the other experiments was 3.Results:After 48 hours of culture, compared with the cells treated with PBS, the proliferation inhibition rates of the cells treated with 5, 10, 20, and 40 mmol/L metformin were significantly increased (with t values of 10.69, 14.20, 19.73, and 52.54, respectively, P<0.05), the content of hydroxyproline in the culture supernatants of the cells treated with 10, 20, and 40 mmol/L metformin was significantly decreased (with t values of 8.06, 7.86, and 10.25, respectively, P<0.05), and the ratios of p-Akt to Akt in the cells treated with 10, 20, and 40 mmol/L metformin and the ratios of p-mTOR to mTOR in the cells treated with 20 and 40 mmol/L metformin were significantly decreased (with t values of 2.82, 4.28, 9.88, 5.66, and 9.08, respectively, P<0.05). After 24 hours of culture, compared with those treated with PBS, the mRNA expressions of type Ⅰ collagen and α-SMA in the cells treated with 5, 10, 20, and 40 mmol/L metformin and the mRNA expressions of type Ⅲ collagen in the cells treated with 10, 20, and 40 mmol/L metformin were significantly decreased (with t values of 4.35, 8.53, 9.57, 14.77, 4.14, 5.58, 7.89, 9.37, 5.18, 6.85, and 9.15, respectively, P<0.05). At 24 and 48 hours of culture, the proliferation activities of the cells in LY294002 group (with t values of 6.30 and 13.60, respectively) and metformin group (with t values of 6.47 and 10.69, respectively) were significantly lower than those in control group ( P<0.05). After 48 hours of culture, the ratios of p-Akt to Akt in the cells of LY294002 group and metformin group were 0.554±0.027 and 0.681±0.029, respectively, which were significantly lower than 1.053±0.193 in control group (with t values of 4.45 and 3.31, respectively, P<0.05). The ratio of p-Akt to Akt in the cells of LY294002+metformin group was 0.387±0.023, which was significantly lower than that in metformin group ( t=5.95, P<0.05). After 48 hours of culture, the ratio of p-mTOR to mTOR in the cells of LY294002 group was significantly lower than that in control group ( t=4.01, P<0.05), and the ratio of p-mTOR to mTOR in the cells of LY294002+metformin group was significantly lower than that in metformin group ( t=6.05, P<0.05). Conclusions:Metformin can inhibit the proliferation and expression of fibrotic proteins type Ⅰ collagen, type Ⅲ collagen, and α-SMA of human HS Fbs through phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.

Objective: : The objective of this study was to assess the relationship between spermine synthase (SMS) expression, tumor occurrence, and prognosis in lower-grade gliomas (LGGs). Methods: : A total of 523 LGG patients and 1152 normal brain tissues were included as controls. Mann-Whitney U test was performed to evaluate SMS expression in the LGG group. Functional annotation analysis was conducted to explore the biological processes associated with high SMS expression. Immune cell infiltration analysis was performed to examine the correlation between SMS expression and immune cell types. The association between SMS expression and clinical and pathological features was assessed using Spearman correlation analysis. In vitro experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of overexpressing or downregulating SMS on cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion, and key proteins in the protein kinase B (AKT)/epithelialmesenchymal transition signaling pathway. Results: : The study revealed a significant upregulation of SMS expression in LGGs compared to normal brain tissues. High SMS expression was associated with certain clinical and pathological features, including older age, astrocytoma, higher World Health Organization grade, poor disease-specific survival, disease progression, non-1p/19q codeletion, and wild-type isocitrate dehydrogenase. Cox regression analysis identified SMS as a risk factor for overall survival. Bioinformatics analysis showed enrichment of eosinophils, T cells, and macrophages in LGG samples, while proportions of dendritic (DC) cells, plasmacytoid DC (pDC) cells, and CD8+ T cells were decreased. Conclusion : High SMS expression in LGGs may promote tumor occurrence through cellular proliferation and modulation of immune cell infiltration. These findings suggest the prognostic value of SMS in predicting clinical outcomes for LGG patients.