AIM: To evaluate the refractive status through computer refractometer and OPD-Scan III auto refractometer in cataract patients after extended depth of focus(EDOF)intraocular lens implantation.METHODS: Retrospective observational study. A total of 61 cases(76 eyes)that received phacomulsification and implanted with TECNIS® Symfony ZXR00 intraocular lens in Shanghai Eye Diseases Prevention & Treatment Center from May 2022 to May 2023 were collected. Measurements from the computer refractometer, OPD-Scan III auto refractometer, and subjective refraction, were taken from all patients on the same day postoperatively.RESULTS: There were statistical significant difference in sphere(S)and spherical equivalent(SE)readings from the computer refractometer and subjective refraction(all P<0.01), with mean differences of -0.67±0.37 D and -0.75±0.35 D, respectively, and the S and SE obtained from computer refractometer more incline to myopia than those from subjective refraction; there were statistical significant difference in computer refractometer and subjective refraction(P<0.01), with a relative small absolute difference(0.21±0.24 D). The S, cylinder(C)and SE of computer refractometer(S, C, SE)were positively correlated with subjective refraction(r=0.7994, 0.7929, and 0.8118, respectively, all P<0.01). Additionally, there were statistical significant differences in S, C and SE of OPD-Scan Ⅲ and subjective refraction(P<0.01), and the absolute differences of S(0.63±0.36 D), C(0.35±0.26 D)and SE(0.53±0.36 D)were small. Furthermore, the S, C and SE of OPD-Scan Ⅲ were positively correlated with subjective refraction(r=0.4410, 0.4982, 0.5224, all P<0.01).CONCLUSION: In patients who received implantation of EDOF lenses, the consistency of computer refractometer, OPD-Scan III auto refractometer and subjective refraction was good. The average difference of the S and SE obtained via computer refractometer was large, but both exhibited a myopic shift relative to those derived from subjective refraction, and the C values demonstrated minimal discrepancy. Furthermore, the differences between OPD-Scan III auto refractometer and subjective refraction were small, but the direction of the difference is unstable, sometimes it is myopic deviation, while sometimes it is hyperopic deviation.

Objectives To understand the quality status of disinfection products in the market in Shaanxi Province, and to provide a basis for taking targeted management measures. Methods From 2020 to 2023, in accordance with the national disinfection product management regulations and standards, the physicochemical and microbial tests of disinfection products in Shaanxi Province were carried out through supervised sampling, and the test results were analyzed according to the active ingredients, illegal addition, stability, and bactericidal or bacteriostatic performance. Results The overall qualification rate of the active ingredient content of disinfectants sampled in Shaanxi Province was 90.48%, with the lowest qualification rate in 2023 (84.38%). The overall qualification rate of quantitative sterilization test of disinfectants was 90.12%, showing a decreasing trend year by year (P=0.272). The overall qualification rate of anti-bacterial products was 88.59%, and the bactericidal test results of 20 antibacterial products were all qualified. The overall qualification rate of bacteriostatic performance testing for bacteriostatic products was 86.17%, with the pass rate of bacteriostatic product germicidal efficacy testing of different components in descending order being quaternary ammonium salt/silver ion > guanidine > others > lysozyme, and there was statistically significant difference (P=0.004). The detection rate of illegal additives in antimicrobial products was 7.07%, with the main detection indicators being miconazole nitrate, clobetasol propionate, and dexamethasone acetate. Conclusion The qualified rate of disinfection products in Shaanxi Province is relatively high, but there is a downward trend. It is necessary to continue to strengthen the daily supervision and product testing of disinfection product manufacturers, and promote the continuous improvement of disinfection product quality.

Objective:To investigate whether long non-coding RNA(lncRNA) AW112010 can improve insulin resistance in aging adipocytes through the miR-204/POU2F2 signaling pathway.Methods:In vivo experiment: C57BL/6 mice were divided into young control group(4 months old) and aging model group(18 months old) based on body weight. The expression levels of AW112010, miR-204-5p, POU2F2, aging related indicators(p16, p21), and insulin signaling pathway genes [insulin receptor(INSR), insulin receptor substrate 1(IRS1), phosphatidylinositol kinase(PI3K), protein kinase B(AKT)] in epididymal adipose tissue were detected using real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR) and Western blotting. In vitro experiment: Using adriamycin(ADR) to induce 3T3-L1 aging adipocyte model, β-gal staining was used to observe cellular senescence, and miR-204 inhibitor and miR-204 mimic small interfering RNA were successfully constructed and transfected into 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Results:RT-qPCR and Western blot results showed that compared with the young group, the expression of AW112010 in the adipose tissue of aging mice was increased, while the expression of miR-204-5p was decreased. The expressions of POU2F2, p16, and p21 in the adipose tissue of aging mice were increased, while the expressions of INSR, IRS1, PI3K, GLUT4 mRNA and protein were decreased. The β-gal stainging results showed that the number of 3T3-L1 senescent adipocytes induced by ADR was significantly increased, and the expression levels of AW112010, POU2F2, p16, and p21 in ADR-induced senescent adipocytes were increased compared with the control group, while the expression levels of miR-204-5p, INSR, IRS1, PI3K, GLUT4 were decreased, and remaining glucose in the culture medium was increased. Compared with control, overexpression of miR-204 resulted in decreased expressions of aging indicators p16, p21, and target gene POU2F2 while the expressions of INSR and GLUT4 were increased.Conclusion:Upregulation of lncRNA AW112010 in adipocytes of aging mice may induce insulin resistance by targeting miR-204-5p/POU2F2/IRS1.

Objective:To understand the incidence and spatial-temporal distribution characteristics of hepatitis B among residents in a county of western Liaoning province from Jan 2011 to Dec 2021.Methods:Data on hepatitis B incidence were obtained from the Disease Prevention and Control Center of the county,and its crude incidence and standardized incidence were calculated.ArcGIS software was used to analyze the global spatial autocorrelation analysis and local spatial autocorrelation analysis of hepatitis B incidence in the county.A space-time scan analysis was performed using SaTScan software to identify the case distribution and spatiotemporal clustering patterns of hepatitis B incidence.Results:From Jan 2011 to Dec 2021,there were 2 978 cumulative cases of hepatitis B in the county,with a crude incidence of 69.25 per 100 000 and a standardized incidence of 70.13 per 100 000.Among different regions,Toutai Manchu Town had the highest crude incidence of hepatitis B,followed by Gaotaizi Town and Chengguan Street.The global autocorrelation showed an aggregated distribution in 2014,2016,2019,and 2021.The local autocorrelation hotspots were clustered in the central and western parts of the county,the H-H clustering areas included Toutai Manchu Town and Jiudaoling Town from 2014 to 2016,Toudaohe Manchu Town,Yizhou Street and Chengguan Street from 2017 to 2019,and Qianyang Town and Yizhou Street from 2020 to 2021.The L-L clustering areas were mostly concentrated in the southwest of the county,including Dizangsi Manchu Township,Dadingbao Manchu Township and Liulonggou Manchu Township.A total of 4 clustering areas were obtained by temporal-spatial scanning analysis,the first-level area was Zhangjiapu Township in 2017,the second-level area included Qianyang Town and Chengguan Street from 2011 to 2015,the third-level area was Gaotaizi Town from 2013 to 2016,and the fourth-level area was Toutai Manchu Town from 2014 to 2017.Conclusions:From Jan 2011 to Dec 2021,the incidence of hepatitis B among residents in a county in western Liaoning Province is mainly concentrated in the central and northwest regions.The hepatitis B cases are clustered in the central and western areas of the county,and has a trend of gradually spreading to the northern areas over time.It is necessary to pay attention to the townships with high incidence of hepatitis B and carry out effective prevention and surveillance.

Objective:To explore the effectiveness of the O-AMAS teaching model in clinical teaching for blood purification training nurses.Methods:Convenience sampling was used to select 187 training nurses from the Blood Purification Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2021 to December 2022 as research subjects. Eighty training nurses enrolled from January to December 2021 were selected as the control group, and 107 training nurses enrolled from January to December 2022 were selected as the experimental group. After three months of intervention, the training nurses' theoretical scores, operational skills assessment scores, and satisfaction were compared between the two groups.Results:The theoretical and operational skills assessment scores of the experimental group were higher than those of the control group ( P<0.05). The satisfaction of the experimental group with the teaching model, teaching effectiveness, completion of theoretical training, guidance on operational skills, and overall teaching was higher than that of the control group ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:The O-AMAS teaching model for clinical teaching can help improve the training effectiveness and satisfaction of blood purification training nurses.

Objective To explore the predictive value of heart rate variability(HRV)for long-term prognosis in elderly patients with stable coronary heart disease(CHD)based on dynamic electro-cardiogram(ECG).Methods A retrospective trial was conducted on 402 elderly patients with sta-ble CHD admitted to our hospital from January 2015 to December 2018,and all of them were fol-lowed up for 5 years.According to occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE)or not,they were divided into a MACE group(n=102)and a control group(n=300).The main clin-ical characteristics and differences in HRV were compared between the two groups.Multivariate logistic regression analysis and ROC curve analysis were used.Results Advanced age,larger ratio of diabetes,more severe coronary artery stenosis,and higher low-frequency power and ratio of low-frequency power/high-frequency power,but lower left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)and high-frequency power were observed in the MACE group than the control group(P＜0.01).There was also statistical difference in use of hypoglycemic drugs between the two groups during the follow-up period(P＜0.01).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that diabetes,age ≥80 years,LVEF＜50％,coronary artery stenosis ≥70％and ratio of low-frequency power/high-frequency power＞1.16 were independent influencing factors for MACE in elderly patients with stable CHD within 5 years(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).ROC curve analysis indicated that the AUC value for low-frequency power and ratio of low-frequency power/high-frequency power in predic-ting MACE occurrence within 5 years was 0.801(95％CI:0.749-0.854,P=0.000)and 0.798(95％CI:0.752-0.844,P=0.000),respectively,and the value of high-frequency power in predic-ting the absence of MACE was 0.629(95％CI:0.566-0.692,P=0.000).Conclusion HRV is an independent influencing factor for MACE occurrence within 5 years in elderly patients with stable CHD,and it shows certain predictive value for MACE occurrence within 5 years in these patients.

Objective:To investigate the epidemiology features, intervention effects and influencing factors of thrombosis in arteriovenous graft (AVG), and to provide reference for optimizing vascular access scheme in hemodialysis patients.Methods:It was a retrospective study. The clinical and follow-up data of patients with AVG constructed in the Blood Purification Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2018 to December 2022 were analyzed. According to whether AVG thrombosis occurred during the follow-up period, they were divided into thrombosis group and non-thrombosis group, and the epidemiology status, influencing factors and patency rates of AVG thrombosis were analyzed. AVG was followed up until June 30, 2023 or abandonment or death of patient or loss of follow-up. Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the patency rates of AVG. Log-rank test was used to compare the differences of patency rates between groups. Logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of AVG thrombosis.Results:The study included 475 AVG from 464 patients, with age of (55.50 ± 11.85) years old, 193 males (40.6%), 185 diabetes patients (38.9%) and dialysis age of 24 (1, 68) months. One hundred and fifty-four AVG (32.4%) had a total of 307 AVG thrombotic events during the follow-up of 602 (380, 920) days, with a standardized incidence of 0.34 times per patient-year. Among them, 60 cases (19.5%, 60/307) had frequent thrombosis. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that AVG secondary patency rates at 2-years and 3-years in the thrombosis group and frequent thrombosis subgroup were inferior to those in the non-thrombosis group (84.0% vs. 92.5%, P=0.017; 66.5% vs. 85.7%, P<0.001; 78.9% vs. 92.5%, P=0.030; 54.6% vs. 85.7%, P<0.001). Two hundred and sixty-nine AVG thrombotic events were analyzed to evaluate the treatment effects. Endovascular interventional surgery was used for thrombectomy in 215 cases (79.9%), and hybrid surgery (endovascular interventional surgery combined with surgical incision) was used in 54 cases (20.1%), with a technical success rate of 98.9% (266/269) and a clinical success rate of 98.1% (264/269). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that there were no statistically significant differences in the primary post-intervention patency rates at 90 days and 365 days, respectively (all P>0.05), and there was statistically significant difference in the primary post-intervention patency rate at 180 days (45.1% vs. 26.5%, Z=2.563, P=0.015). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that graft-applied type (intering as the reference, propaten OR=1.953, 95% CI 1.139-3.350, P=0.015; acuseal OR=2.628, 95% CI 1.438-4.800, P=0.002), body mass index < 18.5 kg/m 2 (18.5-24.0 kg/m 2 as the reference, OR=0.291,95% CI 0.090-0.943, P=0.040), serum albumin < 40 g/L ( OR=1.579, 95% CI 1.019-2.445, P=0.041), serum ferritin < 200 μg/L ( OR=1.818, 95% CI 1.162-2.845, P=0.009) and mean arterial pressure < 70 mmHg ( OR=7.180, 95% CI 1.339-38.501, P=0.021) were the independent influencing factors of AVG thrombosis. Conclusions:The incidence of AVG thrombotic events is 0.34 times per patient-year, mainly concentrated in a small number of patients. Thrombosis reduces the secondary patency rate of AVG. AVG thrombosis treatment with endovascular interventional surgery or hybrid surgery has a high technical success rate and a clinical success rate. The thrombosis is related to graft-applied types, nutritional status of patients and mean arterial pressure level.

Enterovirus (EV) includes a group of important RNA viruses with similarity in viral structure and pathogenesis. They can cause various diseases in humans and pose a great threat to human health. The biological events that occur in EV-host interactions are the core topics to be investigated for better understanding the pathogenesis of EV and developing related prevention and treatment strategies. With the development of genomics technologies, RNA modifications and protein post-translational modifications (PTM) in EV and its hosts have drawn much attention and some achievements have been made, which may shed light on developing precise strategies for the prevention and control of EV-associated diseases. In this paper, to better understand the pathogenesis of EV infection and provide reference for clinical translational research, the progress in the roles of RNA modifications and protein PTM in EV-host interactions are summarized.

Objective:To analyze the status of the dyadic coping in spouses of young and middle-age cervical cancer patients undergoing synchronous radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and to explore the influencing factors in bi-directional of patients and their spouses.Methods:With the convenience sampling method, a total of 150 cervical cancer patients undergoing synchronous radiotherapy and chemotherapy who were hospitalized in the Radiotherapy Department of Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital from March 2021 to February 2022 and their spouses were selected. A cross-sectional study was conducted by the Dyadic Coping Inventory, the Lock-Wallace Marital Adjustment Test, the General Self-Efficacy Scale, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, etc. Besides, multiple linear regression was used to identify predictors of the dyadic coping in spouses of cervical cancer patients undergoing synchronous radiotherapy and chemotherapy.Results:The total score of dyadic coping, marital quality, general self-efficacy, anxiety and depression in spouses of cervical cancer patients undergoing synchronous radiotherapy and chemotherapy were (121.69 ± 19.67), (97.23 ± 25.05), (25.13 ± 5.19), (9.98 ± 3.46), (8.19 ± 4.06) points. The scores of anxiety and depression of cervical cancer patients undergoing synchronous radiotherapy and chemotherapy were (10.57 ± 3.60), (9.10 ± 4.12) points. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that factors of the patients′ anxiety and depression, spouse′s perception of marital quality, spouse′s general self-efficacy, changes in family relationship, family income, and period of radiotherapy were the main influencing factors ( P<0.01), which accounted for 55.7% of total variation. Conclusions:The level of dyadic coping in spouses of cervical cancer patients undergoing synchronous radiotherapy and chemotherapy was medium, the marriage quality remains to be further improved,and its influence factors involved in the bi-directional of patient and spouse, including patients′ anxiety and depression, the changes of the family relationship, period of radiotherapy, spouses perception of marital quality and self-efficacy and family income. Clinical medical staff can improve the level of dyadic coping in spouses of cervical cancer patients undergoing synchronous radiotherapy and chemotherapy by improving their cognition of disease, reducing the incongruence of dyadic illness appraisals, and taking multiple measures to reduce the economic burden felt of the spouses.

Objective:To investigate the impacts of hierarchical management based on medical alliance on the patency of arteriovenous graft (AVG),and provide a basis for further exploration of optimal AVG management.Methods:In this retrospective cohort study, clinical and follow-up data of patients with AVG established in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2021 were analyzed. Patients were divided into medical alliance group and non-medical alliance group according to whether they were under hierarchical management model, and the patency rate of AVGs and the incidence of clinical events were compared between the two groups.Results:A total of 328 AVGs were included in this study, which were from 151 hemodialysis centers, including 189 AVGs (57.6%) from 72 centers in medical alliance group, and 139 AVGs (42.4%) from 79 centers in non-medical alliance group. The age of the patients was (55.57±11.80) years, among whom 130 (39.6%) were males and 126 (38.4%) were diabetic. The follow-up time of AVGs in this cohort was 15.5 (9.5, 26.2) months, with 15.4 (9.8, 25.2) months in medical alliance group and 15.5 (9.2, 27.3) months in non-medical alliance group. The incidence of thrombosis or occlusion (0.328 times/patient-year), graft dissection (0.007 times/patient-year), graft infection (0.030 times/patient-year), and catheter utilization (0.043 times/patient-year) in the medical alliance group were lower than those in the non-medical alliance group (0.589 times/patient-year, 0.040 times/patient-year, 0.054 times/patient-year and 0.147 times/patient-year, respectively), and there was no significant difference in clinic follow-up rates between the two group (1.91 times/patient-year vs. 1.94 times/patient-year). The median primary patency time was 17.4 (95% CI 11.3-23.5) months, the median primary assisted patency time was 32.6 (95% CI 25.0-40.2) months, and the median secondary patency time was 47.9 (95% CI 40.0-55.8) months in the medical alliance group, compared with 12.3 (95% CI 9.4-15.2) months, 19.4 (95% CI 14.3-24.5) months, and 34.6 (95% CI 29.3-39.9) months in the non-medical alliance group, respectively. Primary patency were significantly higher in the medical alliance group (77.4%, 62.2%, 39.9%, and 26.6%) than those in the non-medical alliance group (71.1%, 50.1%, 30.6%, and 13.4%) at 6, 12, 24, and 36 months (Log-rank test, χ2=4.504, P=0.034). Primary assisted patency were significantly higher in the medical alliance group (90.9%, 84.3%, 67.1%, and 46.1%) than those in the non-medical alliance group (89.2%, 75.7%, 42.0%, and 16.6%) at 6, 12, 24, and 36 months (Log-rank test, χ2=10.655, P=0.001). Secondary patency were significantly higher in the medical alliance group (96.8%, 91.8%, 84.2%, and 74.0%) than those in the non-medical alliance group (89.9%, 85.8%, 69.3%, and 47.5%) at 6, 12, 24, and 36 months (Log-rank test, χ2=11.634, P=0.001). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that it was a protective factor for primary patency ( HR=0.708, 95% CI 0.512-0.980, P=0.037), primary assisted patency ( HR=0.506, 95% CI 0.342-0.749, P=0.001) and secondary patency ( HR=0.432, 95% CI 0.261-0.716, P=0.001) under the medical alliance model. Conclusion:The hierarchical management based on medical alliances can improve the patency of AVGs and reduce the incidence of clinical events.