Objective To develop a military cross-cultural symptom scale(MCCSS)and evaluate its reliability and validity.Methods The dimensions and items of the scale were determined through literature analysis,questionnaire surveys,group discussions,expert consultations,and pre-experiments.Cluster sampling was employed to collect data from the participants to examine the psychometric properties of the scale.Results The MCCSS comprised 38 items across 9 factors:depression,anxiety,somatic symptoms,misanthropic tendency,sleep problems,compulsions,psychotic symptoms,stress trauma,and defensiveness.Item analysis revealed that the 37 items(except 1 forced-choice item)exhibited correlations from 0.538 to 0.875 with the total scale score(all P＜0.01),with critical ratios ranging from 5.190 to 28.149,indicating good discriminative power.The Cronbach's α coefficients for the total scale and subscales ranged from 0.825 to 0.972,and the Spearman-Brown split-half reliability coefficients ranged from 0.747 to 0.955.The results of confirmatory factor analysis showed that x2/df=3.419,standardized root mean square residual=0.033,root mean square error of approximation=0.073,normed fit index=0.868,incremental fit index=0.903,Tucker-Lewis index=0.887,comparative fit index=0.902,and the scale's first-order 9-factor model fit well.The loads of each item on the factor to which it belonged ranged from 0.597 to 0.954(all P＜0.01).The correlation coefficients between the scale and the scale for criterion-related validity ranged from 0.392 to 0.773(all P＜0.01),and the correlation coefficients between the scale and the scale for convergent validity ranged from 0.257 to 0.519(all P＜0.01).Conclusion The MCCSS in this study has good reliability and validity and can be used as a mental health testing and screening tool for military personnel.

BACKGROUND:Percutaneous vertebroplasty is the most widely used method for the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures,and most studies have concluded that percutaneous vertebroplasty increases the probability of adjacent vertebral secondary compression fractures in patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures.However,controversy remains regarding the risk factors associated with adjacent vertebral re-fracture caused after percutaneous vertebroplasty. OBJECTIVE:To summarize the influencing factors of adjacent vertebral compression fractures after percutaneous vertebroplasty in patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures,in order to provide a certain reference for reducing the risk of its occurrence as well as formulating the corresponding treatment plan. METHODS:Using"osteoporosis,fracture,percutaneous vertebroplasty,adjacent vertebral compression fractures,risk factors"as the Chinese search terms,"osteoporosis,osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures,percutaneous vertebroplasty,adjacent vertebral compression fractures,risk factors"as English search terms,computerized searches were conducted on CNKI,Wanfang Medical Network,VIP,PubMed,Springer,ScienceDirect,and Elsevier databases.The search timeframe focuses on January 2018 through September 2023,with the inclusion of a few classic forward literature.The literature was screened by reading the titles and abstracts,and 83 papers were finally included in the review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures are one of the most common complications of osteoporosis,placing elderly patients at a significant risk of disability and death.Percutaneous vertebroplasty is a practical and effective treatment for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures.(2)With the popularity of percutaneous vertebroplasty,its secondary vertebral compression fractures have gradually increased,with adjacent vertebral compression fractures being the most common.(3)Previous studies have only discussed the effects of factors such as bone mineral density,multiple vertebral fractures,body mass index,age,sex,amount of bone cement,cement leakage,and anti-osteoporosis treatment on secondary compression fractures of adjacent vertebrae after percutaneous vertebroplasty,and summarized the number of vertebral fractures,timing of the operation,surgical approach,cement material,diffuse distribution of bone cement,recovery height of the injured vertebrae,and wearing of a support after surgery,which is not yet comprehensive.The analysis of the specific mechanisms of risk factor-induced adjacent vertebral fractures is relatively rare.(4)The results of the article showed that low bone mineral density,advanced age,perimenopausal women,multiple vertebral fractures,excessive recovery of the height of the injured vertebrae,cement leakage,comorbid underlying diseases,and poor lifestyle habits were the risk factors for secondary adjacent vertebral compression fractures after percutaneous vertebroplasty,and that maintaining a normal body mass index,early surgery,bilateral percutaneous vertebroplasty,use of a new type of cement material,an appropriate volume of bone cement injection and uniform cement dispersion,regular anti-osteoporosis treatment,and postoperative brace wearing are protective factors for secondary adjacent vertebral compression fractures after percutaneous vertebroplasty.

177Lu-prostate specific membrane antigen(PSMA)radio-ligand therapy has been approved abroad for advanced prostate cancer and has been in several clinical trials in China.Based on domestic clinical practice and experimental data and referred to international experience and viewpoints,the expert group forms a consensus on the clinical application of 177Lu-PSMA radio-ligand therapy in prostate cancer to guide clinical practice.

Objective:To analyze the characteristics of infectious pathogens in burn patients with sepsis based on metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) technology.Methods:This study was a retrospective observational study. From July 2021 to December 2023, 109 burn patients with sepsis who met the inclusion criteria were admitted to the Department of Burns of the First People's Hospital of Zhengzhou, including 68 males aged 57 to 92 years and 41 females aged 48 to 83 years. Blood, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, cerebrospinal fluid, sputum, or other fluid specimens were collected from the patients during their hospital stay for microbiological culture (86 patients) and mNGS technology detection (109 patients). The types of specimens and pathogens detected by mNGS technology were counted. Patients were divided into intensive care unit (ICU) group (78 cases) who were admitted to the ICU and non-ICU group (31 cases) who were not admitted to the ICU, and the pathogens for infection in the two groups of patients were analyzed. In addition, the detection of pathogens in the specimens of 86 patients who underwent both mNGS technology detection and microbiological culture detection was analyzed.Results:Among the 109 specimens detected by mNGS technology, there were 42 blood specimens, 17 bronchoalveolar lavage fluid specimens, 4 sputum specimens, 6 cerebrospinal fluid specimens, 16 pus specimens, and 24 tissue fluid specimens; a total of 39 pathogens were detected, including 13 bacteria, 12 fungi, 10 viruses, 2 parasites, and 2 mycoplasmas. The overall positive rate of pathogen detection was 88.99% (97/109). Ranked by the detection rate, the top three Gram-negative bacteria were Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Pseudomonas spp, the top three Gram-positive bacteria were Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Enterococcus faecalis; the top three viruses were human herpesvirus, cytomegalovirus, and circovirus; the top three fungi were Aspergillus fumigatus, Candida albicans, and Aspergillus flavus. Twenty-seven patients were infected with one pathogen, 45 patients with two pathogens, and 25 patients with three or more pathogens. Compared with those in non-ICU group, the proportions of Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas spp, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Aspergillus fumigatus, and cytomegalovirus detected in the patients in ICU group were significantly higher (with χ2 values of 8.62, 7.93, 3.93, 5.48, 4.28, and 5.58, respectively, P<0.05). In the pathogens detected by mNGS technology and microbiological culture method, the most common bacteria were Klebsiellapneumoniaeand Acinetobacter baumannii, and the most common fungi were strains of Aspergillus and Candida. There were 19 pathogens those could only be detected by mNGS technology, such as Lichtheimia ramosa, Pneumocystis jirovecii, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, viruses, etc.; there were no pathogens detected by microbiological culture method that couldn't be detected by mNGS technology. Compared with those detected by microbiological culture method, the overall positive rate, bacterial positive rate, and fungal positive rate detected by mNGS technology were significantly increased (with χ2 values of 45.52, 5.88, and 4.94, respectively, P<0.05). The 27.91% (24/86) of patients were detected positive by both methods, and 72.09% (62/86) of the patients were detected positive by mNGS technology but negative by microbiological culture method. The consistency test of the results obtained by the two detection methods showed that the difference was not statistically significant ( κ=0.02, P>0.05). Conclusions:The positive rate of pathogen detection in specimens using mNGS technology is higher than that detected by using conventional microbiological culture method, and it can detect pathogens those cannot be detected by the latter, such as Lichtheimia ramosa, Pneumocystis jirovidii, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, viruses, etc. Detection using mNGS technology can help clarify the types of infectious pathogens in burns patients with sepsis, and provide basis and guidance for clinical medication.

Objective:To evaluate inflammation early in the infarct zone and its dynamic changes after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) using 18F-FDG PET imaging, and analyze its relationship with left ventricular remodeling progression (LVRP). Methods:Sixteen Bama miniature pigs (4-6 months old, 8 females) were selected. AMI models were established by balloon occlusion of the left anterior descending artery. 18F-FDG PET imaging was performed before AMI and at days 1, 5, 8, and 14 post-AMI to evaluate the regional inflammation response. 18F-FDG SUV ratio (SUVR) and the percentage of uptake area of left ventricle (F-extent) in the infarct zone, and the SUVRs of the spleen and bone marrow, were measured. Echocardiography and 99Tc m-methoxyisobutylisonitrile(MIBI) SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) were performed at the above time points and on day 28 post-AMI to assess left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and myocardial perfusion defect extent. The degree of LVRP at day 28 post-AMI was defined as ΔLVESV(%)=(LVESV AMI 28 d-LVESV AMI 1 d)/LVESV AMI 1 d×100%. Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test and Pearson correlation analysis. Results:Twelve pigs were successfully modeled and completed the study. Inflammation in the infarct zone persisted until day 14 post-AMI. The SUVR of the infarct zone pre-AMI and at days 1, 5, 8, and 14 post-AMI were 1.03±0.08, 3.49±1.06, 2.93±0.90, 2.38±0.76, and 1.63±0.62, respectively ( F=49.31, P<0.001). The F-extent values in the infarct zone pre-AMI and at days 1, 5, 8, and 14 post-AMI were 0, (40.08±12.46)%, (40.00±12.76)%, (31.08±12.82)%, and 16.50%(7.25%, 22.00%), respectively ( H=37.61, P=0.001). There were no significant differences in the SUVRs of bone marrow and spleen before and after AMI ( F values: 0.69 and 0.77, both P>0.05). At day 1 post-AMI, both SUVR and F-extent in the infarct zone were significantly correlated with LVRP ( r values: 0.82 and 0.70, P values: 0.001 and 0.035). Conclusions:18F-FDG PET imaging can be used to evaluate inflammation in the infarct area and its dynamic changes after AMI. Inflammation in the infarct area is severe at day 1, and then gradually decreases. The extent and severity of inflammation visible on 18F-FDG PET imaging 1 d after AMI are closely related to LVRP.

We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of seven patients (four men and three women) with primary hyperoxaluria (PH) type 1 (PH1) in the Department of Nephrology of Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University from January 2018 to October 2023. The mean age at disease onset was 32.1 (range: 26-42) years. The mean age at diagnosis was 40.6 (range: 28-51) years. All patients initially had kidney stones, and three patients were found to have renal insufficiency at the time of disease onset. Among them, two patients underwent hemodialysis immediately. Symptoms at the first visit included bone pain ( n=7), joint pain or deformity ( n=5), fatigue ( n=5), hypotension ( n=3), and subcutaneous nodules ( n=2). Four patients had a family history of PH. All patients had varying degrees of anemia (60-114 g/L), significant hypoalbuminemia (16.5-32.1 g/L), and hypercoagulable state (D-dimer: 2 230-12 781 μg/L). Seven patients received maintenance hemodialysis; their mean age was 37.7 (range: 26-50) years. The mean duration from disease onset to hemodialysis was 5.6 (range: 0-20) years. Five patients repeatedly experienced dialysis access dysfunction. Three patients underwent kidney transplantation before a diagnosis was made, and all transplanted kidneys lost function due to oxalate deposition. The mean follow-up duration was 14.43 (range: 4-38) months. Unfortunately, one patient died. All seven patients underwent computed tomography of the abdomen. All patients suffered skeletal abnormalities, bilateral nephrolithiasis, and nephrocalcinosis. Six patients carried AGXT gene mutations, including four compound heterozygous mutations and two pure homozygous mutations.The mutation sites included: c.823-824dup.AG (p.S275Rfs*38)(exon 8), c.815-816ins.GA (p.S275Rfs*38)(exon 8), c.595G>A (p.G199S) (exon 5), c.32C>G (p.P11R) (exon 1), and c.638C>T (p.A213V)(exon 6). According to the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics guidelines, two loci were identified as likely pathogenic variants, seven were identified as pathogenic variants, and one locus was identified as having uncertain significance. In addition, patients 1 and 4 underwent skin biopsy, patient 2 underwent renal transplant biopsy, and patient 3 underwent bone marrow biopsy. Interestingly, significant oxalate deposition was found in the tissues. Therefore, PH1 is a rare autosomal recessive inherited disease. This study not only enhanced the understanding of the clinical characteristics of PH1 patients but also had great significance in early diagnosis and treatment of the disease.

Objective To investigate the mental health and influencing factors of naval officers and soldiers,and provide data support for formulating effective psychological intervention measures.Methods The 12-item general health questionnaire(GHQ-12)was used to conduct a sample survey among 5 336 naval officers and soldiers from October to November 2021.SPSS 26.0 software,chi-square test and regression analysis were used for descriptive statistics.Results A total of 5 102(95.61%)valid questionnaires were collected.The average GHQ-12 score was 0.55±1.18,and the proportion of high-risk individuals for mental health was 3.06%.Chi-square test showed that there were significant differences in the distribution of mental health status among interviewees with different ages,education levels,marriage status,family economy,family relationship,growing family,history of mental diseases among close relatives,major changes encountered during growth,hobbies and specialties,recent work pressure and recent interpersonal relationship(P≤0.001).Regression analysis showed that age(P=0.006),family relationship(P<0.001),family economy(P=0.010),major changes encountered during growth(P<0.001),recent work stress(P<0.001)and recent interpersonal relationship(P<0.001)were main influencing factors for mental health of naval officers and soldiers.Conclusion The mental health of naval officers and soldiers was generally good,but some individuals still have mental health problems,which are affected by many factors.It is necessary to pay more attention to the mental health problems caused by their age,education,family,growth experience,stress and interpersonal relationship.

Purpose: We aimed to evaluate whether the addition of pemetrexed is effective in improving progression-free survival (PFS) in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)–mutated patients with or without concomitant alterations. Materials and Methods: This multicenter clinical trial was conducted in China from June 15, 2018, to May 31, 2019. A total of 92 non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients harboring EGFR-sensitive mutations were included and divided into concomitant and non-concomitant groups. Patients in each group were randomly treated with EGFR–tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) monotherapy or EGFR-TKI combined with pemetrexed in a ratio of 1:1. PFS was recorded as the primary endpoint. Results: The overall median PFS of this cohort was 10.1 months. There were no significant differences in PFS between patients with and without concomitant and between patients received TKI monotherapy and TKI combined with pemetrexed (p=0.210 and p=0.085, respectively). Stratification analysis indicated that patients received TKI monotherapy had a significantly longer PFS in non-concomitant group than that in concomitant group (p=0.002). In concomitant group, patients received TKI combined with pemetrexed had a significantly longer PFS than patients received TKI monotherapy (p=0.013). Molecular dynamic analysis showed rapidly emerging EGFR T790M in patients received TKI monotherapy. EGFR mutation abundance decreased in patients received TKI combined chemotherapy, which supports better efficacy for a TKI combined chemotherapy as compared to TKI monotherapy. A good correlation between therapeutic efficacy and a change in circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) status was found in 66% of patients, supporting the guiding role of ctDNA minimal residual disease (MRD) in NSCLC treatment. Conclusion EGFR-TKI monotherapy is applicable to EGFR-sensitive patients without concomitant alterations, while a TKI combined chemotherapy is applicable to EGFR-sensitive patients with concomitant alterations. CtDNA MRD may be a potential biomarker for predicting therapeutic efficacy.

Objective:To explore the relationship between the maximum standard uptake value (SUV max) based on 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET-CT and the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation status of lung adenocarcinoma appearing as ground glass nodules (GGN). Methods:A total of 103 patients with lung adenocarcinoma from October 2011 to December 2020 in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University were retrospectively enrolled. All patients underwent 18F-FDG PET-CT and high-resolution CT, and underwent surgical resection and EGFR detecting within one month. The patients were divided into EGFR mutation group and wild group according to the EGFR test results. The GGN number, type, location, shape, lobulation sign, spicule sign, abnormal bronchial sign, vacuole sign, pleural indentation, diameter of GGNs (D GGN), diameter of solid component (D solid) and nodule ground-glass opacity component CT mean (CT GGO) were analyzed on CT images. The maximum standard uptake value (SUV max) of nodules was measured on PET-CT images. The t test, Mann-Whitney U test or χ 2 test were used to compare the differences of clinical data, pathological data, CT imaging parameters and SUV max between the two groups. Hierarchical binary logistic regression model was used to assess whether there was any association between SUV max and EGFR mutation status in different subgroups. Generalized additive model and smooth curve fitting were applied to solve nonlinear problems, and piecewise binary logistic regression model was used to explain nonlinearity. Results:A total of 103 patients with 106 nodules were finally included. There were 75 patients (78 nodules) in the EGFR mutation group and 28 patients (28 nodules) in the EGFR wild group. Adenocarcinomas with EGFR mutation showed significantly higher spiculated edge, pleural depression sign and invasive adenocarcinoma proportions than those in EGFR wild group ( P<0.05). There were no significant differences in other indicators between groups ( P>0.05). After adjusting for age and fasting blood glucose, gender and the number of GGNs significantly affected the relationship between SUV max and EGFR mutation ( P<0.05), which suggested that there was an interaction. After adjusting for confounding factors, there was a non-linear relationship between SUV max and EGFR mutation status in female subgroup (degree of freedom was 1.817, P=0.026). When SUV max<2.4, the risk of EGFR mutation increased significantly with the increase of SUV max (OR=43.621, 95%CI 4.686-406.042), P<0.001]. When SUV max>2.4, the risk of EGFR mutation increased insignificantly ( P=0.392). Conclusions:Lung adenocarcinoma appearing as GGN has a higher risk of EGFR mutation. The risk of EGFR mutation in female patients increases with increasing SUV max, but there is saturation effect.

Non-suicidal self-injury(NSSI) is defined as deliberate " destruction to body issue without conscious suicidal intent" and which is not culturally and socially sanctioned.The evaluation of NSSI mainly includes explicit measurement and implicit measurement.In recent years, implicit measurement has received wide attention from scholars, among which the implicit association task(IAT), as a tool to measure the relative attitude towards objects in individuals' implicit cognition and to prevent the interference of consciousness, which is an effective method to evaluate NSSI.On the basis of introducing the background of implicit attitude, this paper summarized the research progress of implicit attitude in distinguishing and predicting NSSI from behavioral and neuroimaging perspectives.Firstly, compared with the group without NSSI history, the NSSI group had a more recognized implicit attitude towards NSSI, which was correlated with the frequency and severity of NSSI.Secondly, compared with other known traditional predictors, whether implicit attitude is a better predictor of subsequent behavior of NSSI remains controversial.Finally, there are not many studies on the biological basis of implicit attitude towards NSSI in NSSI populations.Preliminary results suggest that the activation of salience networks and the reduction of gray matter volume in some brain regions (such as the dorsal striatum) may be related to implicit attitude in NSSI populations.To sum up, measuring implicit attitudes towards NSSI is useful for screening and predicting people at risk for NSSI, especially when individuals have false reports or low self-awareness.In addition, this paper also put out some shortcomings for future research and clinical intervention.