Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） is widely used in the clinical management of chronic hepatitis B in China and has exhibited certain advantages in alleviating symptoms， regulating overall physiological status， and assisting in the intervention against disease progression. However， there is still a lack of a comprehensive clinical efficacy evaluation system for TCM treatment of chronic hepatitis B， with inconsistencies in the selection of evaluation indicators and limited objectivity and standardization in the assessment of syndromes and symptoms， which have limited the systematic accumulation of evidence regarding TCM efficacy and the incorporation of TCM into clinical guidelines and expert consensus statements. This article systematically reviews the current status of research on the clinical efficacy evaluation of TCM for chronic hepatitis B and analyzes the achievements made in the field of TCM therapy and integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine therapy for chronic liver diseases in China’s national major infectious disease research programs during the periods of the Eleventh to Thirteenth Five-Year Plans. It also points out related issues that remain to be addressed and proposes a conceptual framework and specific components for constructing a TCM clinical efficacy evaluation system from the perspectives of evaluation objectives， indicator composition， and application scenarios， in order to provide a reference for the development of related standards， clinical research， and the standardization of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine diagnosis and treatment.

Peanut, a major economic and oil crop known for the high protein and oil content, is extensively cultivated in China. Peanut plants have the ability to form nodules with rhizobia, where the nitrogenase converts atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia nitrogen that can be utilized by the plants. Analysis of nodule fixation is of positive significance for avoiding overapplication of chemical fertilizer and developing sustainable agriculture. In this study, AhNIGT1.2, a member of the NIGT family predominantly expressed in peanut nodules, was identified by bioinformatics analysis. Subsequent spatiotemporal expression analysis revealed that AhNIGT1.2 was highly expressed in nodules and showed significant responses to high nitrogen, low nitrogen, high phosphorus, low phosphorus, and rhizobia treatments. Histochemical staining indicated that the gene was primarily expressed in developing nodules and at the connection region between mature nodules and peanut roots. The fusion protein AhNIGT1.2-GFP was located in the nucleus of tobacco epidermal cells. The AhNIGT1.2-OE significantly increased the number of peanut nodules, while AhNIGT1.2-RNAi reduced the number of nodules, which suggested a positive regulatory role of AhNIGT1.2 in peanut nodulation. The AhNIGT1.2-OE in roots down-regulated the expression levels of NRT1.2, NRT2.4, NLP1, and NLP7, which indicated that AhNIGT1.2 influenced peanut nodulation by modulating nitrate transport and the expression of NLP genes. The transcriptome analysis of AhNIGT1.2-OE and control roots revealed that overexpressing AhNIGT1.2 significantly enriched the differentially expressed genes associated with nitrate response, nodulation factor pathway, enzymes for triterpene biosynthesis, and carotenoid biosynthesis. These findings suggest that AhNIGT1.2 play a key role in peanut nodulation by regulating nitrate transport and response and other related pathways. This study gives insights into the molecular mechanisms of nitrogen and phosphorus in regulating legume nodulation and nitrogen fixation, and sheds light on the development of legume crops that can efficiently fix nitrogen in high nitrogen environments.
Arachis/physiology* ; Nitrates/metabolism* ; Plant Proteins/physiology* ; Transcription Factors/metabolism* ; Plant Root Nodulation/physiology* ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Root Nodules, Plant/metabolism* ; Nitrogen Fixation

Objective To understand the clinical characteristics of patients with Streptococcus anginosus group(SAG)pulmonary abscess and resistance of SAG.Methods 67 patients with pulmonary abscess admitted to a hos-pital from January 2018 to May 2022 were retrospectively analyzed,clinical data of patients with SAG pulmonary abscess were analyzed,and the minimum inhibitory concentration of antimicrobial agents to 18 SAG strains was de-tected by microbroth dilution method,the carriage of resistance genes and virulence genes of SAG were detected by high-throughput sequencing technology.Results Among 67 patients with pulmonary abscess,SAG accounted for 29.9％(20/67),out of which 2 were excluded due to bacterial inactivation,and 18 patients were included for fur-ther studies.18 patients with SAG pulmonary abscess were all community acquired,with an average age of(60.9±9.1)years.There were 13(72.2％)male patients,most patients(94.4％)complicated chronic pulmonary disease,with cough(94.4％)and expectoration(88.9％)as the initial symptoms,some patients(44.4％)had chest pain,and more than half(61.1％)didn't have fever.The proportion of neutrophils,erythrocyte sedimentation rate,and C-reactive protein were mostly elevated,while procalcitonin was normal.The resistance rate of 18 SAG strains to erythromycin,clindamycin,and tetracycline was＞65％,out of which 14 strains carried resistance gene ermB,13 strains carried resistance gene tetM,and 1 strain carried both resistance gene msrD and mefA.18 SAG strains were detected virulence gene psaA,out of which 3 strains were detected virulence gene nan A.Conclusion SAG is an im-portant pathogen that causes pulmonary abscess,and the patients'complications are mainly chronic pulmonary di-seases,with non-specific clinical manifestations;Most strains carry ermB and tetM genes,mediating resistance to macrolides,lincosamides,and tetracyclines.

Objective To explore the effect of salidroside(Sal)on endoplasmic reticulum stress and connexin 43 in rats with myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury(MIRI).Methods SD rats were randomly divided into Sham group,MIRI group,low-does Sal(Sal-L)group and high-does Sal(Sal-H)group.The Sham group and MIRI group were intraperitoneal injec-ted with 0.9％sodium chloride solution(10 mL·kg-1·d-1),the Sal-L group and Sal-H group were intraperitoneal injected at a volume of 10 mL·kg-1 with Sal(12,36 mg·kg-1·d-1),respectively.Each group was given a corresponding intervention once a day for 3 d.The MIRI model was established 30 min after the last administration in all groups except the Sham group.The patho-logical changes of myocardial tissue were observed by Hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining.TdT-mediated-dUTP nick end labeling(TUNEL)was used to observe the apoptosis of cardiomyocyte,the genes and proteins expression of Cx43 and endoplasmic reticu-lum stress related factors such as GRP78,Caspasel2,CHOP and so on were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(q-PCR)and western blot analysis.Results Compared with the MIRI group,the degree of tissue and cell injury in each Sal group was alleviated,with a decreased apoptosis rate observed in the Sal-H group(P＜0.05),the gene expression of Cx43 was up-regulated while GRP78,Caspase12,and CHOP gene expressions were down-regulated in both does groups of Sal.The protein expressions of Cx43 and GRP78 were also be up-regulated and down-regulated respectively in both dose groups of Sal,meanwhile the protein expressions of CHOP,Bax,Caspasel2 and cleaved-Caspase3 were down-regulated and the protein expres-sion of Bcl-2 was up-regulated in SAL-H group(P＜0.05).Conclusion The protective effect of salidroside on cardiomyocytes may be related to the inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis and the imbalance of Cx43 metabolism.

Objectives:To summarize the characteristics of Fabry′s disease with cardiac involvement.Methods:This was a single-center, cross-sectional, retrospective study. Patients with Fabry disease who were admitted to Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University from January 2022 to March 2023 were included. Clinical data, laboratory results, electrocardiogram, echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance findings of enrolled patients were collected. Clinical presentations and imaging features of patients with Fabry′s disease with cardiac involvement were summarized and analyzed.Results:A total of 17 patients from 8 families were included, with 9 males and diagnosis age of (44.35±13.72) years. Cardiac involvement and other organ involvement were presented in all patients and the heart was the most vulnerable organ (17/17). 24 h electrocardiogram showed frequent sinus arrhythmia in 3 patients. Echocardiography showed reduced left ventricular ejection fraction in 1 patient, myocardial hypertrophy in 13 patients, and left ventricular wall thickness ≥13 mm in 10 patients. Mitral regurgitation was observed in 11 patients and tricuspid regurgitation in 12 patients. Two patients underwent two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography, both revealing reduced regional longitudinal strain of the left ventricle, primarily in the basal segments. Cardiac magnetic resonance showed reduced left ventricular ejection fraction in 2 patients, myocardial hypertrophy in 16 patients, and left ventricular wall thickness≥13 mm in 14 patients. T1 value was reduced in 16 patients, with late gadolinium enhancement observed in 9 patients and “pseudo-normalization” of T1 values in 1 patient. The most susceptible target organ besides the heart was the kidneys (14/17), followed by the central nervous system (9/17). Additional findings inclucling cutaneous angiokeratoma in 4 patients, peripheral neuropathy with burning pain and hypohidrosis or hyperhidrosis in 6 patients, and corneal vortex opacities in 2 patients.Conclusion:The main manifestations of cardiac involvement in Fabry′s disease are decreased cardiac function, left ventricular hypertrophy and myocardial fibrosis. Advanced imaging techniques such as two-dimensional speckle tracking, T1 Mapping, and late gadolinium enhancement are useful in detecting myocardial pathological changes of Fabry′s disease.

Objective To understand the clinical characteristics of patients with Streptococcus anginosus group(SAG)pulmonary abscess and resistance of SAG.Methods 67 patients with pulmonary abscess admitted to a hos-pital from January 2018 to May 2022 were retrospectively analyzed,clinical data of patients with SAG pulmonary abscess were analyzed,and the minimum inhibitory concentration of antimicrobial agents to 18 SAG strains was de-tected by microbroth dilution method,the carriage of resistance genes and virulence genes of SAG were detected by high-throughput sequencing technology.Results Among 67 patients with pulmonary abscess,SAG accounted for 29.9％(20/67),out of which 2 were excluded due to bacterial inactivation,and 18 patients were included for fur-ther studies.18 patients with SAG pulmonary abscess were all community acquired,with an average age of(60.9±9.1)years.There were 13(72.2％)male patients,most patients(94.4％)complicated chronic pulmonary disease,with cough(94.4％)and expectoration(88.9％)as the initial symptoms,some patients(44.4％)had chest pain,and more than half(61.1％)didn't have fever.The proportion of neutrophils,erythrocyte sedimentation rate,and C-reactive protein were mostly elevated,while procalcitonin was normal.The resistance rate of 18 SAG strains to erythromycin,clindamycin,and tetracycline was＞65％,out of which 14 strains carried resistance gene ermB,13 strains carried resistance gene tetM,and 1 strain carried both resistance gene msrD and mefA.18 SAG strains were detected virulence gene psaA,out of which 3 strains were detected virulence gene nan A.Conclusion SAG is an im-portant pathogen that causes pulmonary abscess,and the patients'complications are mainly chronic pulmonary di-seases,with non-specific clinical manifestations;Most strains carry ermB and tetM genes,mediating resistance to macrolides,lincosamides,and tetracyclines.

Objective To explore the effect of salidroside(Sal)on endoplasmic reticulum stress and connexin 43 in rats with myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury(MIRI).Methods SD rats were randomly divided into Sham group,MIRI group,low-does Sal(Sal-L)group and high-does Sal(Sal-H)group.The Sham group and MIRI group were intraperitoneal injec-ted with 0.9％sodium chloride solution(10 mL·kg-1·d-1),the Sal-L group and Sal-H group were intraperitoneal injected at a volume of 10 mL·kg-1 with Sal(12,36 mg·kg-1·d-1),respectively.Each group was given a corresponding intervention once a day for 3 d.The MIRI model was established 30 min after the last administration in all groups except the Sham group.The patho-logical changes of myocardial tissue were observed by Hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining.TdT-mediated-dUTP nick end labeling(TUNEL)was used to observe the apoptosis of cardiomyocyte,the genes and proteins expression of Cx43 and endoplasmic reticu-lum stress related factors such as GRP78,Caspasel2,CHOP and so on were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(q-PCR)and western blot analysis.Results Compared with the MIRI group,the degree of tissue and cell injury in each Sal group was alleviated,with a decreased apoptosis rate observed in the Sal-H group(P＜0.05),the gene expression of Cx43 was up-regulated while GRP78,Caspase12,and CHOP gene expressions were down-regulated in both does groups of Sal.The protein expressions of Cx43 and GRP78 were also be up-regulated and down-regulated respectively in both dose groups of Sal,meanwhile the protein expressions of CHOP,Bax,Caspasel2 and cleaved-Caspase3 were down-regulated and the protein expres-sion of Bcl-2 was up-regulated in SAL-H group(P＜0.05).Conclusion The protective effect of salidroside on cardiomyocytes may be related to the inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis and the imbalance of Cx43 metabolism.

Objectives:To summarize the characteristics of Fabry′s disease with cardiac involvement.Methods:This was a single-center, cross-sectional, retrospective study. Patients with Fabry disease who were admitted to Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University from January 2022 to March 2023 were included. Clinical data, laboratory results, electrocardiogram, echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance findings of enrolled patients were collected. Clinical presentations and imaging features of patients with Fabry′s disease with cardiac involvement were summarized and analyzed.Results:A total of 17 patients from 8 families were included, with 9 males and diagnosis age of (44.35±13.72) years. Cardiac involvement and other organ involvement were presented in all patients and the heart was the most vulnerable organ (17/17). 24 h electrocardiogram showed frequent sinus arrhythmia in 3 patients. Echocardiography showed reduced left ventricular ejection fraction in 1 patient, myocardial hypertrophy in 13 patients, and left ventricular wall thickness ≥13 mm in 10 patients. Mitral regurgitation was observed in 11 patients and tricuspid regurgitation in 12 patients. Two patients underwent two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography, both revealing reduced regional longitudinal strain of the left ventricle, primarily in the basal segments. Cardiac magnetic resonance showed reduced left ventricular ejection fraction in 2 patients, myocardial hypertrophy in 16 patients, and left ventricular wall thickness≥13 mm in 14 patients. T1 value was reduced in 16 patients, with late gadolinium enhancement observed in 9 patients and “pseudo-normalization” of T1 values in 1 patient. The most susceptible target organ besides the heart was the kidneys (14/17), followed by the central nervous system (9/17). Additional findings inclucling cutaneous angiokeratoma in 4 patients, peripheral neuropathy with burning pain and hypohidrosis or hyperhidrosis in 6 patients, and corneal vortex opacities in 2 patients.Conclusion:The main manifestations of cardiac involvement in Fabry′s disease are decreased cardiac function, left ventricular hypertrophy and myocardial fibrosis. Advanced imaging techniques such as two-dimensional speckle tracking, T1 Mapping, and late gadolinium enhancement are useful in detecting myocardial pathological changes of Fabry′s disease.

Objective:To investigate the changing trends in cardiac function following xenogeneic heterotopic heart transplantation of multi-gene edited pig hearts and assess the impact of recipient immune responses on donor heart, laying experimental groundwork for the clinical application of gene editing technology.Methods:On December 16, 2023, xenogeneic heterotopic heart transplantation was performed between pigs and rhesus monkeys. Functional status of the graft under post-transplantation load conditions and recipient immune indicators were observed.Results:The recipient monkeys survived for 40 days with satisfactory functionality of both donor and recipient hearts, and no hyperacute or acute immune rejection reactions were observed.Conclusion:Multi-gene editing technology provides potential for xenotransplantation, yet further exploration is needed for its clinical application.

Objective To analyze the implementation effect of quality control on the homepage of inpatient medical re-cords based on the background of Disease Diagnosis Related Groups(DRG).Methods A retrospective study was conducted,including a total of 20,000 medical records from Dongguan People's Hospital from 2018 to 2022.Among them,10,000 medical records from January to December 2018,before the implementation of DRG-based quality control,were included as the control group;10,000 medical records from January to December 2022,after the implementation of DRG-based quality control,were in-cluded as the observation group.The implementation effect of quality control of hospital admission medical records among different groups based on DRG was explored.Results In the control group,there were 1,943 medical records with defects,accounting for 19.43％,which affected DRG grouping in 1,000 cases(51.47％)and did not affect DRG grouping in 943 cases(48.53％).In the observation group,there were 1,316 medical records with defects,accounting for 13.16％,among which 643 cases(48.86％)affected DRG grouping and 673 cases(51.14％)did not affect DRG grouping.The difference in the number of defective medical records between the groups was statistically significant(χ2=144.11,P<0.05).The missing rates of diagnos-tic and treatment information and cost information in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).The completeness and accuracy rates of diagnosis and surgical information in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion The implementation of quality control of hospital admission medical records based on DRG can significantly improve the quality of medical records,increase the accuracy of diagnosis and surgical information in medi-cal records,and have higher comprehensive quality control value.It is recommended for clinical promotion and use.