Objective To construct and evaluate an evaluation index system for the training effect of cardiac surgery specialist nurses and provide a reference for the quality evaluation of cardiac surgery specialist nurse training.Methods Based on the Kirkpatrick Model,the preliminary draft of the evaluation index system for the training effect of cardiac surgery specialist nurses was formed through literature review and semi-structured interviews.The Delphi method was used to conduct the expert consultation with 24 experts nationwide in September 2024,and the weight of each index was determined by the analytic hierarchy process.In February 2025,60 cardiac surgery nurses from 3 tertiary A hospitals in Nanjing were selected as the survey subjects,and a satisfaction questionnaire on the evaluation index system for the training effect of cardiac surgery nurses was used for the survey.Results The effective recovery rates of the 2 rounds of expert questionnaires were 96％and 100％,respectively.The expert authority coefficient was 0.913,and the Kendall harmony coefficient was 0.127-0.212 and 0.152-0.176,respectively(both P＜0.05).The final evaluation index system for the training effect of cardiac surgery specialist nurses included 4 primary indexes,14 secondary indexes and 59 tertiary indicators.The satisfaction questionnaire score of the evaluation index system for the training effect of cardiac surgery nurses was(18.75±2.21).Conclusion The evaluation index system for the training effect of cardiac surgery specialist nurses was scientific and reliable,and can guide significance for the subsequent training,assessment and evaluation of cardiac surgery specialist nurses.

Objective:To evaluate the relationship between trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) and high glucose-hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury in rat cardiomyocytes and the role of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS).Methods:Normally cultured rat H9C2 cardiomyocytes were divided into 4 groups ( n=24 each) by using a table of random numbers: high glucose control group (HC group), high glucose-H/R group (H/R group), high glucose-H/R + TMAO group (T group), and high glucose-H/R + TMAO + 4-phenylbutyric acid group (P group). The high glucose-H/R injury model was established by incubating cells in high-glucose (25 mmol/L glucose) medium for 72 h, followed by 4 h of hypoxia in glucose-free medium and 4 h of reoxygenation in high-glucose medium. T group was incubated with 400 μmol/L TMAO for 72 h before hypoxia, and P group was incubated with 400 μmol/L TMAO and 1 mmol/L 4-phenylbutyric acid for 72 h before hypoxia. At 4 h of reoxygenation, the cell viability was detected by CCK-8 assay, the apoptosis rate, ROS level and opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) were measured by flow cytometry, the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was determined by JC-1 staining, the content of ATP was measured by luciferase method, and the expression of activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6), B-cell lymphoma 2-associated X protein (BAX), glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) and inositol-requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α) was detected by Western blot. Results:Compared with HC group, the cell survival rate, MMP and ATP levels were significantly decreased, the apoptosis rate, ROS level and opening of mPTP were increased, and the expression of ATF4, ATF6, BAX, GRP78, PERK and IRE1α was up-regulated in H/R group ( P<0.05). Compared with H/R group, the cell survival rate, MMP and ATP levels were significantly decreased, the apoptosis rate, ROS level and opening of mPTP were increased, the expression of ATF4, BAX, GRP78 and PERK was up-regulated ( P<0.05), and no statistically significant change was found in the expression of ATF6 or IRE1α in T group ( P>0.05). Compared with T group, the cell survival rate, MMP and ATP levels were significantly increased, and the apoptosis rate, ROS level and opening of mPTP was decreased, and the expression of ATF4, ATF6, BAX, GRP78, PERK and IRE1α was down-regulated in P group ( P<0.05). Conclusions:TMAO is involved in the underlying mechanism of high glucose-H/R injury in rat cardiomyocytes, which may be related to the excessive activation of the PERK pathway-mediated ERS and consequent exacerbation of mitochondrial dysfunction.

Under the current situation of "low prevalence and low infection" of schistosomiasis in China, and to provide a basis for achieving the goal of eliminating schistosomiasis by 2030 proposed by the Healthy China Action (2019 - 2030) as scheduled, the Hunan Provincial Corps Hospital of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force established a schistosomiasis monitoring and early warning index system based on the previous studies on schistosomiasis early warning index system and the recent literature analysis, combined with the current potential risk factors affecting the transmission and prevalence of schistosomiasis, and organized two rounds of expert consultation and carried out project promotion meetings. The experts reached a consensus on the comprehensiveness and practicability of the index system, aiming to lay a solid foundation for construction of China's schistosomiasis prevention and control early warning system.

Traditional Chinese medicine of Polygonum cuspidatum has been utilized in China for thousands of years. Its primary active compound, polydatin, exhibits a variety of pharmacological effects including the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism, suppression of cough and asthma, as well as antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties. However, conventional methods for polydatin production are inadequate to satisfy the market demand. This study aims to explore the green and efficient preparation of polydatin. With resveratrol as the substrate, we efficiently synthesized polydatin by using the triple mutant IGW (Y14I/I62G/M315W) of the glycosyltransferase UGT_BS based on a strategy of two-enzyme coupled with one-pot and realized the recycling of uridine diphosphate-glucose (UDPG). The conditions of the two-enzyme reaction were optimized. Under the conditions of 35 ℃, pH 8.0, IGW: AtSuSy1 activity ratio of 3:4, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) volume fraction of 5%, uridine diphosphate (UDP) concentration of 0.10 mmol/L, and sucrose concentration of 0.6 mol/L, the conversion of 2 mmol/L resveratrol reached 80.6% within 1 h, and the proportion of polydatin was over 90%. This study achieved the recycling of UDPG via a two-enzyme coupling system and shortened the reaction time. At the same time, the fed-batch strategy was adopted, and the yield of polydatin reached 6.28 g/L after 24 h in the one-pot coupling reaction, which provided a new strategy for green and efficient preparation of polydatin.
Stilbenes/chemistry* ; Glucosides/biosynthesis* ; Resveratrol ; Fallopia japonica/chemistry* ; Glycosyltransferases/genetics*

N⁶-methyladenosine (m⁶A) modification plays a critical role in cell cycle regulation, while the mechanism of m⁶A in regulating mitosis remains underexplored. Here, we found that the total m⁶A modification level in cells increased during mitosis by the liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry and m⁶A dot blot assays. Silencing methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) or METTL14 results in delayed mitosis, abnormal spindle assembly, and chromosome segregation defects by the immunofluorescence. By analyzing transcriptome-wide m⁶A targets in HeLa cells, we identified polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) as a key gene modified by m⁶A in regulating mitosis. Specifically, through immunoblotting and RNA pulldown, m⁶A modification inhibits PLK1 translation via YTH N⁶-methyladenosine RNA binding protein 1, thus mediating cell cycle homeostasis. Demethylation of PLK1 mRNA leads to significant mitotic abnormalities. These findings highlight the critical role of m⁶A in regulating mitosis and the potential of m⁶A as a therapeutic target in proliferative diseases such as cancer.
Humans ; Polo-Like Kinase 1 ; Cell Cycle Proteins/metabolism* ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/metabolism* ; Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism* ; Mitosis/physiology* ; HeLa Cells ; Adenosine/genetics* ; Methyltransferases/metabolism* ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism* ; RNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism*

ObjectiveTo analyze the epidemiological characteristics and spatial clustering patterns of brucellosis in humans in Zhangjiakou City, Heibei Province from 2018 to 2023, so as to provide a basis for the prevention and control of brucellosis. MethodsIncidence data of brucellosis in Zhangjiakou City from 2018 to 2023 were collected. Descriptive epidemiological analysis, Joinpoint regression modelling, and spatial autocorrelation analysis were used to analyze the temporal trends and spatial clustering patterns of the epidemic. ResultsA total of 3 812 cases of brucellosis were reported in Zhangjiakou City from 2018 to 2023, with no death case, yielding an average annual incidence rate of 15.43/100 000 (incidence range: 12.82/100 000‒17.76/100 000). Cases of brucellosis occurred year-round, with a distinct seasonal pattern, predominantly concentrated between March and September, peaking in May and June. The male-to-female ratio was 2.58∶1, with a higher incidence in males than that in females. The highest incidence rates were observed in the 40‒<50 years (74.98/100 000) and 50‒<60 years age group (87.14/100 000). The majority of cases were farmers and herdsmen (3 557 cases, 93.31%). Joinpoint regression analyses indicated that from 2018 to 2023, the incidence rate of human brucellosis in pastoral areas of Zhangjiakou City showed a declining trend (APC=-9.70%, 95%CI: -15.31%‒ -4.63%), while the incidence rate in mixed-use areas exhibited an increasing trend (APC=6.90%, 95%CI: 0.17%‒14.30%). Spatial clustering analyses showed that the incidence of brucellosis in Zhangjiakou from 2018 to 2023 was non-randomly distributed across the whole city, with a positive spatial correlation and significant clustering (Moran’s I>0, all P<0.001). Local spatial autocorrelation analyses showed that the high-high clusters were concentrated in the pastoral areas during 2018‒2020. From 2021 onward, the number of high-high clusters in mixed and non-pastoral regions exceeded those in traditional pastoral areas. ConclusionFrom 2018 to 2023, the incidence of brucellosis in Zhangjiakou City showed a declining trend, with significant spatial clustering observed across the city. It is recommended to intensify health education among males aged 40‒<60 years. Scientific livestock management practices should be promoted in non-pastoral and mixed areas, and cross-sectoral quarantine and joint prevention and control efforts should be strengthened as well.

The paper reports a 32-year-old female acute myeloid leukemia patient who developed graft-versus-host disease after paternal hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, which subsequently led to renal thrombotic microangiopathy. She subsequently required a kidney transplant from the same donor 5 years later due to renal failure. Considering that both the bone marrow and kidney were from the same donor and the recovery of renal function was favorable, immunosuppressive therapy was discontinued after a short course of anti-rejection treatment, with maintained stable kidney function. This case suggests that under the condition of high chimerism, allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and kidney transplantation from the same donor can achieve immune tolerance, potentially improving solid organ transplantation success rate. The findings provide a novel therapeutic approach for solid organ transplantation following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Objective:To investigate the disease burden, clinical characteristics and independent risk factors affecting in-hospital outcomes of children with congenital heart disease (CHD) combined with heart failure (HF) in China.Methods:(1) Descriptive study: based on the global burden of disease study 2021, available data on children under 15 years of age with CHD and HF in China from 1990 to 2021 were collected. The prevalence and trends in different age subgroups (<1 year, 1-<2 years, 2-<5 years, 5-<10 years, 10-<15 years) were analyzed, and the annual percentage change (EAPC) was estimated using linear regression. (2) Retrospective cohort study: a total of 1 062 children with CHD and HF from a multicenter study on pediatric HF in China were included. The children were divided into two groups:<2 years group and 2-<18 years group. Data on demographics, clinical features, diagnosis, treatments, and in-hospital outcomes were analyzed. Mann-Whitney U test and chi-square test were used for group comparisons.Multivariable Logistic regression was applied to identify factors influencing outcomes (in-hospital mortality and adverse cardiovascular events). Results:(1) From 1990 to 2021, the number of children with CHD and HF in China increased from 333 000 (95% uncertainty interval ( UI) 271 000-405 000) to 368 000 (95% UI 296 000-459 000), a growth of 10.8% (95% UI 5.0%-16.6%). Concurrently the prevalence rate increased from 104.5 (95% UI 85.1-127.3) per 100 000 to 142.0 (95% UI 114.0-176.8) per 100 000, a growth of 35.9% (95% UI 28.7%-43.0%), with an EAPC of 1.5% (95% CI 1.2%-1.8%). Although the number of cases in the<1 year and 1-<2 years groups decreased by 41.0% and 25.6%, respectively, the prevalence in all age groups showed an upward trend:<1 year EAPC 0.6% (95% CI 0.5%-0.7%); 1-<2 years EAPC 0.9% (95% CI 0.8%-1.0%); 2-<5 years EAPC 1.2% (95% CI 1.0%-1.4%); 5-<10 years EAPC 1.5% (95% CI 1.2%-1.8%); 10-<15 years EAPC 2.1% (95% CI 1.9%-2.3%). (2) The multicenter study revealed that among 1 062 hospitalized children, 528 (49.7%) were male and 534 (50.3%) were female, with the age at admission of 5.4 (2.2,18.2) months. The majority of the children (77.9%, 827/1 062) were under 2 years of age, whereas 22.1% (235/1 062) were aged between 2-<18 years. Children with complex congenital heart defects accounted for the highest proportion (48.6%, 516/1 062), while those with isolated CHD made up 31.5% (335/1 062). Statistically significant differences were observed in several variables in demographics, clinical features, diagnosis, treatments, and outcomes between the two age groups (all P<0.05). The use of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors (41.1%, 436/1 062) and beta-blockers (8.7%, 92/1 062) was lower in hospitalized children with CHD and HF. Logistic regression identified complex CHD ( OR=7.73, 95% CI 2.24-26.63; OR=3.17, 95% CI 1.92-5.23), pulmonary hyperperfusion ( OR=2.15, 95% CI 1.01-4.18; OR=2.00, 95% CI 1.35-2.97), left ventricular ejection fraction<55% ( OR=2.13, 95% CI 1.08-4.21; OR=2.80, 95% CI 1.45-5.56), arterial oxygen partial pressure ( OR=0.99, 95% CI 0.98-0.99; OR=0.99, 95% CI 0.98-0.99), and serum calcium levels ( OR=0.31, 95% CI 0.17-0.58; OR=0.42, 95% CI 0.28-0.62) as independent risk factors for in-hospital mortality and cardiovascular events. Conclusions:The disease burden of CHD combined with HF in China has shown a continuous upward trend from 1990 to 2021, with higher growth rates in older age groups. Complex CHD, pulmonary hyperperfusion, left ventricular ejection fraction <55%, arterial oxygen partial pressure, and serum calcium concentration are independent risk factors for in-hospital mortality and cardiovascular events.

Objective:To evaluate the relationship between trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) and high glucose-hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury in rat cardiomyocytes and the role of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS).Methods:Normally cultured rat H9C2 cardiomyocytes were divided into 4 groups ( n=24 each) by using a table of random numbers: high glucose control group (HC group), high glucose-H/R group (H/R group), high glucose-H/R + TMAO group (T group), and high glucose-H/R + TMAO + 4-phenylbutyric acid group (P group). The high glucose-H/R injury model was established by incubating cells in high-glucose (25 mmol/L glucose) medium for 72 h, followed by 4 h of hypoxia in glucose-free medium and 4 h of reoxygenation in high-glucose medium. T group was incubated with 400 μmol/L TMAO for 72 h before hypoxia, and P group was incubated with 400 μmol/L TMAO and 1 mmol/L 4-phenylbutyric acid for 72 h before hypoxia. At 4 h of reoxygenation, the cell viability was detected by CCK-8 assay, the apoptosis rate, ROS level and opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) were measured by flow cytometry, the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was determined by JC-1 staining, the content of ATP was measured by luciferase method, and the expression of activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6), B-cell lymphoma 2-associated X protein (BAX), glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) and inositol-requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α) was detected by Western blot. Results:Compared with HC group, the cell survival rate, MMP and ATP levels were significantly decreased, the apoptosis rate, ROS level and opening of mPTP were increased, and the expression of ATF4, ATF6, BAX, GRP78, PERK and IRE1α was up-regulated in H/R group ( P<0.05). Compared with H/R group, the cell survival rate, MMP and ATP levels were significantly decreased, the apoptosis rate, ROS level and opening of mPTP were increased, the expression of ATF4, BAX, GRP78 and PERK was up-regulated ( P<0.05), and no statistically significant change was found in the expression of ATF6 or IRE1α in T group ( P>0.05). Compared with T group, the cell survival rate, MMP and ATP levels were significantly increased, and the apoptosis rate, ROS level and opening of mPTP was decreased, and the expression of ATF4, ATF6, BAX, GRP78, PERK and IRE1α was down-regulated in P group ( P<0.05). Conclusions:TMAO is involved in the underlying mechanism of high glucose-H/R injury in rat cardiomyocytes, which may be related to the excessive activation of the PERK pathway-mediated ERS and consequent exacerbation of mitochondrial dysfunction.