This paper introduces the academic characteristics of Professor ZHANG Ren in treatment with acupuncture for refractory eye diseases in modern times, guided by "homotherapy for heteropathy" (same therapy for different diseases sharing the same pathogenesis). The refractory eye diseases in modern times include a variety of conditions such as glaucoma, macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, high myopia and its complications, dry eye, cortical visual impairment and genetic eye diseases. The same therapy is used because these diseases share the similar location and pathogenesis. Professor ZHANG optimizes the methods of acupoint selection and provides the comprehensive prescriptions, "basic prescription, prescription based on disease differentiation, and supplementary prescription". A variety of acupuncture manipulation techniques are operated in clinical practice, such as compound needling methods, penetration needling, manipulations for promoting qi movement and conducting qi flow. "Early, regular and persistent" treatment is the common requirement with "the same acupoints, the same prescription and the same acupuncture method" as well as at "the same time". It is also proposed that the treatment should be provided flexibly according to the different symptoms, "identifying the differences within similarities".
Acupuncture Therapy/methods* ; Humans ; Eye Diseases/history* ; Acupuncture Points ; History, 20th Century ; China ; History, 21st Century

OBJECTIVES: To explore the efficacy of DSA-guided intrathecal drug delivery system combined with Zi Wu Liu Zhu Acupoint Therapy for management of cancer pain and provide reference for its standardized clinical application. Methods and. RESULTS: Recommendations were formulated based on literature review and expert group discussion, and consensus was reached following expert consultation. The consensus recommendations are comprehensive, covering the entire treatment procedures from preoperative assessment and preparation, surgical operation process, postoperative management and traditional Chinese medicine treatment to individualized treatment planning. The study results showed that the treatment plans combining traditional Chinese with Western medicine effectively alleviated cancer pain, reduced the use of opioid drugs, and significantly improved the quality of life and enhanced immune function of the patients. Postoperative follow-up suggested good treatment tolerance among the patients without serious complications. CONCLUSIONS The formulated consensus is comprehensive and can provide reference for clinicians to use DSA-guided intrathecal drug delivery system combined with Zi Wu Liu Zhu Acupoint Therapy. The combined treatment has a high clinical value with a good safety profile for management of cancer pain.
Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Cancer Pain/therapy* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Pain Management/methods* ; China

The theory of "holism of five organs" highly encapsulates the understanding of TCM on the integrity, connectivity, and unity of the internal life functions and morphological structures of the human body. Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) frequently overlap, and TCM has significant advantages in their prevention and treatment based on the theory of the holistic view and syndrome differentiation and treatment. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles whose secretory form and biological functions fully reflect the "holism of five organs", and they are of great value in the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of overlap of symptoms of FGIDs. This article interpreted the relationship between exosomes and overlap of symptoms of FGIDs with the "holism of five organs", aiming to provide new ideas and methods for the prevention and treatment of overlap of symptoms of FGIDs, as well as partly explain the scientific connotation of the theory of "holism of five organs".

ObjectiveThe human angiotensin converting enzyme2 （hACE2） transgenic mouse model was used to clarify the antiviral efficacy of BD-77 against a novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 and explore the action mechanism of BD-77 against SARS-CoV-2. MethodSARS-CoV-2 Omicron and Delta variant strains-infected VeroE6 cell models were established and administered with BD-77 to observe the antiviral effect of BD-77 in vitro. A kit was used to detect the effect of BD-77 in vitro on the binding of spike S protein of SARS-CoV-2 virus （Delta/Omicron） to angiotensin converting enzyme2 （ACE2）. Chromatography was adopted to detect the binding of BD-77 to the S protein and N protein of the novel coronavirus. hACE2 transgenic C57BL/6 mice were divided into a blank control group， SARS-CoV-2 infection group， BD-77 administration groups of 37.5 mg·kg^-1 and 75 mg·kg^-1， with eight mice in each group. The pneumonia model of SARS-CoV-2-infected hACE2 transgenic mice was built to observe the survival of the mice， detect the virus titer of the lung tissue of the mice， and observe the lesions in the lung tissue. ResultBD-77 had a certain inhibitory effect on Omicron and Delta variant strains in vitro， with median inhibitory concentration （IC₅₀） of 526.3 mg·L^-1 and 653.0 mg·L^-1， respectively. BD-77 had no significant inhibitory effect on the binding of the S protein of WT， Omicron， and Delta variant strains of SARS-CoV-2 to ACE2 and had no binding effect with the S protein and N protein of the novel coronavirus. No mice in the blank group died， while the mortality rate of SARS-CoV-2-infected mice was 75%. There was a large amount of virus replication in the lung tissue of the mice and large areas of inflammatory infiltration in the lung tissue and interstitium. Compared with the model group， BD-77 administration groups of 37.5 mg·kg^-1 and 75 mg·kg^-1 could reduce the mortality of mice， significantly lower the virus titer in the lung tissue of mice （P<0.05）， and improve lung lesions. ConclusionBD-77 demonstrated significant inhibitory effects against SARS-CoV-2 virus in vitro and in vivo. However， its mechanism of action did not involve direct inhibition of the virus itself or intervention in the virus-host binding process. This finding suggests that the mechanism of action of BD-77 needs to be thoroughly investigated and elucidated by further experiments.

【Objective】 To investigate the anemia status of infants and toddlers aged 6 - 24 months in Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture, Gansu Province, and to comprehensively evaluate the differences in feeding behaviors between anaemic and normal children through the infant and child feeding index (ICFI) and feeding knowledge scores, so as to provide reference for the guidance of infants and young children feeding in ethnic minority areas and the promotion of children′s growth and development. 【Methods】 Taking infants and young children aged 6 - 24 months in Linxia Prefecture as the study subjects, a multi-stage random sampling method was used to select children who met the requirements from 5 townships and 5 villages in 7 counties in 2019 and 2020.Periphral blood samples were collected to test the level of hemoglobin, so as to determine the anemia status.Meanwhile, physical examination was performed and a questionnaire survey of guardians was conducted to analyze the association betweenanaemia and feeding patterns 【Results】 A total of 3 901 infants and children were included in this study, of whom 729 (18.70%) were anaemic, with a mean ICFI score of 12.56±2.70 and a mean feeding knowledge score of 1.97±1.01.There was no statistically significant association of low feeding knowledge score and low ICFI with anaemia after adjusting for confounders (P>0.05), Unqualified meat addition in ICFI was a risk factor for anaemia (OR=1.355, P=0.042), while non-bottle feeding in the past 24 hours (OR=0.762, P=0.021), and breastfeeding in the past 24 hours of infants and toddlers aged 12 - 24 months (OR=0.228, P=0.018) were protective factor for anemia in infants and toddlers aged 12 - 24 months. 【Conclusions】 The average prevalence of anemia in infants and toddlers aged 6 - 24 months in Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture of Gansu Province is high, but the level of infant feeding and the level of feeding knowledge of caregivers are low.Early adherence to breastfeeding, timely addition of supplementary food, and more comsumpution of meat for children are conducive to preventing anemia.

The pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis(UC)is still unclear,and the pathogenesis based on intestinal mucosal immune imbalance is now widely recognized."Spleen as the defense"refers to the function of the spleen to protect the body and defend against pathogenic factors,which is highly consistent with modern mucosal immunology theory.The abnormal function of"Spleen as the defense"is the key reason for the immune imbalance of UC intestinal mucosa.In this paper,"spleen as the defense"as the starting point,to explore the mechanism of UC intestinal mucosal immune dysfunction,to consolidate the theoretical basis for the treatment of UC based on spleen,and to provide a theoretical basis for the treatment of UC from the perspective of restoring intestinal mucosal immune homeostasis.

The article reviewed the relevant studies on the treatment of spleen-deficiency syndrome with Chinese herbal formula for invigorating the spleen reported in the last 10 years,focusing on gastrointestinal motility disorders,mitochondrial dysfunction,visceral hypersensitivity,gastrointestinal mechanical barrier destruction,intestinal microecological disorders and immune imbalance.The progress and deficiency of the study on the mechanism of Spleen-Invigorating Traditional Chinese Medicine was summarized and analyzed,in order to provide theoretical support for the research on the related mechanism of the spleen-invigorating Chinese medicine compound,in order to provide reference for the study on the related effective mechanism of Spleen-Invigorating Traditional Chinese Medicine.

Background and purpose:Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K(hnRNPK)is an RNA special binding protein that participates in regulating the expression of related genes and protein translation.It has been linked to the malignant occurrence and development of various tumors,but its role in breast cancer remains unclear.The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of hnRNPK on ferroptosis in breast cancer cells and the underlying mechanisms.Methods:Based on The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)and Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)databases,hnRNPK expression in breast cancer tissues and normal tissues and its relationship with clinical prognosis were analyzed by bioinformatics.We detected hnRNPK expression in breast cancer cells and tissues using real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR),Western blot,and immunohistochemistry staining diagnosis methods.MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells were transfected with siRNA,and divided into control group(control),empty body group(NC),and interference vector group(si-hnRNPK).Cell proliferation was detected by cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)and plate clone formation assays.RNA-seq analysis was applied to explore potential targeted biological functions and signaling pathways affected by hnRNPK.Additionally,we investigated the impact of hnRNPK on ferroptosis phenotype using Western blot and commercial kits for reactive oxygen species(ROS),malondialdehyde(MDA),glutathione(GSH),and Fe2+,ferroptosis inhibitor(ferrostatin-1,Fer-1)was used to detect the rescue effect of hnRNPK knockdown on ferroptosis.The impact of hnRNPK on the expressions of Wnt/β-catenin pathway-related proteins were determined by Western blot.Results:The bioinformatics analyses indicated hnRNPK was upregulated in breast cancer tissues(P＜0.01),and the overall survival of patients in the high expression group was poorer compared with those in the low expression group(P＜0.05).hnRNPK was highly expressed in breast cancer tissues and cells,and knocking down hnRNPK weakened the proliferation ability of breast cancer cells(P＜0.05).The RNA-seq analysis showed that hnRNPK was significantly enriched in ferroptosis,apoptosis,and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.Knocking down hnRNPK promoted ferroptosis in breast cancer cells by inducing lipid ROS and MDA,as well as Fe2+accumulation(P＜0.05).Interestingly,the ferroptosis inhibitor ferrostatin-1(Fer-1)reversed the promotive effect of hnRNPK knockdown on ferroptosis(P＜0.05).Downregulation of hnRNPK led to a decrease in the expressions of β-catenin and c-Myc in the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway,while expressions of CK1α,APC and the GSK-3β complex were elevated(P＜0.05).Conclusion:hnRNPK is highly expressed in breast cancer,and knocking down hnRNPK promotes ferroptosis in breast cancer cells by inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway,thereby suppressing the malignant progression of breast cancer.

Objective To investigate the effect of laser engraving personalized nasal patch applied to patients with nasal catheter indentation.Methods A total of 124 patients who underwent esophageal cancer surgery in the First Hospital of Lanzhou University from February 2022 to February 2023 and required indwelling nasal catheter were selected as study objects,and were divided into experimental group and control group according to random number table method,with 62 cases in each group.The control group used conventionally cut nasal patches to fix the nasal catheters,and the experimental group used laser engraved personalized nasal patches.Catheter displacement or slippage under the fixation device,nasal patch rolled edges and number of replacement,nasal medical device-related pressure injury,medical adhesive-related skin lesions and patients'comfort were observed in two groups.Results The rate of catheter displacement,number of rolled edges of nasal patches and numbers of replacement in experimental group were significantly lower than those in control group(P<0.05).The incidence of nasal mucosal indentation,nasal pain,nasal pressure injury and medical adhesive related skin lesions in experimental group were significantly lower than those in control group(P<0.05).The comfort of patients at the physiological level of experimental group was significantly better than that of control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Laser engraved personalized nasal patches can reduce the frequency of clinical nasal catheter displacement,nasal patch rolled edges and number of replacement,reduce the occurrence of nasal medical device related pressure injuries and medical adhesive-related skin lesions,and increase patients'comfort.

Objective To investigate the role of fragile X mental retardation protein(FMRP)in promoting cell migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)in breast cancer(BC)and the potential mechanisms involved.Methods The mRNA and protein expressions of FMRP in MCF-10A,a normal human breast epithelial cell line,and four breast cancer cell lines,including MCF-7,BT474,MDA-MB-231,and HCC1937,were analyzed by RT-PCR and Western blot.The expression of FMRP in BC tissues was measured by immunohistochemistry(IHC).FMRP expression in BC and its relationship with clinical prognosis were analyzed using GEO database.Lentiviral infection and siRNA interference were used to construct FMRP overexpression and interference vectors,respectively,and the human breast cancer cell line MCF-7 was subsequently transfected.A Control group,an interference empty vector group(the NC group),a knockdown vector group(the siFMRP group),an overexpression empty vector group(the Lv-NC group),and an overexpression vector group(the Lv-FMRP group)were set up.The migration and invasion abilities of the cells were assessed by scratch assay and Transwell assay.The expression of EMT markers,including E-cadherin,an epithelial marker,N-cadherin,an mesenchymal markers,vimentin,zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1(ZEB1),and snail family zinc finger 2(Slug),in the cells of each group was determined by Western blot.The interaction between FMRP and DEAD-box RNA helicase-5(DDX5)protein was analyzed by immunocoprecipitation combined with mass spectrometry(IP-MS).The regulatory effect of FMRP on DDX5 protein expression was assessed using the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide(CHX)and proteasome inhibitor MG132.In addition,transfection with siDDX5 vector was conducted to observe whether DDX5 could reverse the effects of FMRP overexpression on cell migration and EMT.The localization and expression of β-catenin were determined by immunofluorescence staining,and the expression of core markers of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway was examined by Western blot.Results FMRP was highly expressed in BC tissues and cells(P＜0.05),and overall survival(OS)and recurrence-free survival(RFS)of the FMRP high expression group were significantly lower than those of the FMRP low expression group(P＜0.05).The migration ability of MCF-7 cells was weakened after FMRP knockdown,while overexpression of FMRP promoted cell migration(P＜0.05).After FMRP knockdown,the expression of E-cadherin was increased,while the expression levels of N-cadherin,vimentin,ZEB1,and Slug were decreased,which inhibited the occurrence of EMT.In contrast,the overexpression of FMRP promoted the EMT process(P＜0.05).FMRP interacted with DDX5 protein and promoted DDX5 protein stability by blocking the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway.DDX5 knockdown reversed the effect of FMRP overexpression to promote cell migration and EMT(P＜0.05),effectively inhibited β-catenin nuclear translocation,and decreased β-catenin nuclear distribution.Furthermore,it was found that the expression of p-β-catenin,GSK3β and Axin2 protein was increased and the expression of C-myc protein was decreased after DDX5 downregulation(P＜0.05).On the other hand,the expression of these proteins was reversed by combined FMRP overexpression(P＜0.05).Conclusion FMRP targets DDX5 and promotes BC cell migration and EMT via the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.