Colorectal adenoma is a definite precancerous lesion,and the"inflammation-cancer transformation"is a key pathological link in the process of colorectal adenoma-cancer evolution.Under the guidance of the theory of"preventive treatment of diseases"in TCM,prevention before disease onset and preventing the development of the occurred disease has become the consensus and the important subject of clinical research to block the"inflammation-cancer transformation"and prevent the precancerous lesions of colorectal cancer.This article discussed the effectiveness of TCM in preventing and treating the"inflammation-cancer transformation"from different aspects.Its advantages are reflected in improving the symptoms of TCM and improving the quality of life,etc.Its mechanism may be related to inhibiting the activation of cancer-promoting signals,regulating inflammation,maintaining intestinal microbial homeostasis,and protecting the intestinal barrier.By explaining the pathogenesis of adenoma-cancer transformation in TCM,this article discussed the efficacy and advantages of TCM to block"inflammation-cancer transformation",analyzed its intervention targets and pathways,providing references for the intervention of TCM in the management of precancerous lesions of colorectal cancer and the synergistic prevention and treatment of traditional Chinese and Western medicine.

Colorectal adenoma is a definite precancerous lesion,and the"inflammation-cancer transformation"is a key pathological link in the process of colorectal adenoma-cancer evolution.Under the guidance of the theory of"preventive treatment of diseases"in TCM,prevention before disease onset and preventing the development of the occurred disease has become the consensus and the important subject of clinical research to block the"inflammation-cancer transformation"and prevent the precancerous lesions of colorectal cancer.This article discussed the effectiveness of TCM in preventing and treating the"inflammation-cancer transformation"from different aspects.Its advantages are reflected in improving the symptoms of TCM and improving the quality of life,etc.Its mechanism may be related to inhibiting the activation of cancer-promoting signals,regulating inflammation,maintaining intestinal microbial homeostasis,and protecting the intestinal barrier.By explaining the pathogenesis of adenoma-cancer transformation in TCM,this article discussed the efficacy and advantages of TCM to block"inflammation-cancer transformation",analyzed its intervention targets and pathways,providing references for the intervention of TCM in the management of precancerous lesions of colorectal cancer and the synergistic prevention and treatment of traditional Chinese and Western medicine.

Objective To observe the effect of modified Banxia Xiexin Decoction on inflammatory factors in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)of stomach heat and spleen deficiency type through the regulatory mechanism of intestinal flora.Methods A total of 86 patients with PCOS of stomach heat and spleen deficiency type were randomly divided into control group(45 cases)and observation group(41 cases).The control group was treated with conventional western medicine,and the observation group was treated with modified Banxia Xiexin Decoction on the basis of treatment for the control group.One menstrual cycle constituted a course of treatment,and the treatment lasted for three continuous menstrual cycles.The two groups were observed in the changes of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome score,endometrial thickness,serum inflammatory factors of tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α),C-reactive protein(CRP)and interleukin-6(IL-6),sex hormone levels of luteinizing hormone(LH),estradiol(E2),follicle stimulating hormone(FSH)and LH/FSH,as well as the intestinal flora before and after treatment.The clinical efficacy and pregnancy rate of the two groups were compared after treatment.Results(1)After 3 menstrual cycles of treatment,the total effective rate of the observation group was 87.80%(36/41),and that of the control group was 68.89%(31/45).The intergroup comparison(tested by chi-square test)showed that the clinical efficacy of the observation group was significantly superior to that of the control group(P<0.05).(2)After treatment,the scores of TCM syndromes in the two groups were decreased when compared with those before treatment(P<0.05),and the decrease in the observation group was more significant than that in the control group(P<0.01).(3)After treatment,the endometrial thickness in the two groups was increased when compared with that before treatment(P<0.05),and the increase in the observation group was superior to that in the control group(P<0.01).(4)The pregnancy rate of the observation group was 92.68%(38/41),which was significantly higher than 73.33%(33/45)of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).(5)After treatment,the levels of serum E2,LH and LH/FSH in the two groups were decreased when compared with those before treatment(P<0.05),but there was no significant change in the level of serum FSH before and after treatment(P>0.05).The comparison between the two groups showed that the decrease of serum E2,LH and LH/FSH levels in the observation group was significantly superior to that in the control group(P<0.01).(6)After tieatment,the levels of serum CRP,IL-6,TNF-α in patients of the two groups were decreased compared with those before treatment(P<0.05),and the decrease in the observation group was superior to that in the control group(P<0.01).(7)After treatment,the levels of Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli in the intestinal flora of the two groups were higher than those before treatment(P<0.05),and the levels of Enterococcus faecalis and Bacteroides were lower than those before treatment(P<0.05),while the levels of Enterobacter did not change significantly before and after treatment(P>0.05).The comparison between the two groups showed that the increase of the levels of Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli and the decrease of the levels of Enterococcus faecalis and Bacteroides in the observation group were significantly superior to those in the control group(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Conclusion Modified Banxia Xiexin Decoction has a significant clinical effect in the treatment of PCOS of stomach heat and spleen deficiency type.The decoction is effective on improving the clinical symptoms and inflammatory factor levels of patients by regulating intestinal flora.

Objective To investigate the mechanisms of 6-hydroxygenistein(6-OHG)in the treatment of high-altitude hypoxia-induced lung injury.Methods The intersection targets of 6-OHG and high-altitude hypoxia-induced lung injury were identified using databases,including Swiss Target Prediction,SuperPred,GeneCards,and OMIM.The STRING database and Cytoscape software were used to construct a protein interaction network for the intersection targets of drugs and diseases,and targets with degree values greater than the median were identified as key targets.GO and KEGG enrichment analyses of key targets were performed using the DAVID database to identify relevant signaling pathways.The Maestro 13.7 software was used for molecular docking validation.A large hypobaric hypoxic chamber was used to establish a high-altitude lung injury model in mice.A total of 42 male BALB/c mice were randomly assigned to 3 groups(n=14 in each group),including a normal control group,which was exposed to the environmental conditions at the altitude of 1400 m and received a single intraperitoneal injection of normal saline,a model group,which received a single intraperitoneal injection of normal saline,and a 6-OHG group,which received a single intraperitoneal injection of 6-OHG at 100 mg/kg.Then,1 h after drug administration,mice in the model and 6-OHG groups were placed in a large hypobaric hypoxic simulation chamber for animal experiments.Then,they ascended to an altitude of 8 000 m at a speed of 10 m/s,remained in that environment for 24 h,and then descended to an altitude of 3500 m.Mice in the three groups were sacrificed,and their lung tissues were extracted to measure the water content in the lungs.Pathological changes were observed using HE staining,and the levels of malondialdehyde(MDA),H2O2,total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD),and glutathione(GSH)were measured.Western blot was performed to determine the expression levles of p-PI3K/PI3K,p-AKT/AKT,hypoxia-inducible factor 1α(HIF-1α),and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)proteins.Results Key targets such as serine/threonine protein kinase 1(AKT1),HIF-1α,epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR),matrix metalloproteinase 9(MMP9),and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor A(PPARA)were identified.GO and KEGG enrichment analyses showed that the targets of 6-OHG in the treatment of high altitude hypoxia-induced lung injury were mainly involved in PI3K/AKT,HIF-1α/VEGF,tumor necrosis factor(TNF),and other signaling pathways.The results of animal experiments demonstrated that compared with the model group,the 6-OHG group showed significant improvement in the pathological damage of lung tissues induced by high altitude hypoxia,presenting statistically significant differences in the levels of MDA,H2O2,GSH,and T-SOD(P＜0.01).The results of Western blot assay revealed statistically significant differences in the p-PI3K/PI3K,p-AKT/AKT,HIF-1α,and VEGF levels in the lung tissues of the 6-OHG group compared with those of the model group(P＜0.01).The molecular docking results showed that 6-OHG could form stable binding with PI3K,AKT,HIF-1α,and VEGF.Conclusion 6-OHG may alleviate lung injury induced by high altitude hypoxia in mice by activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and inhibiting the HIF/VEGF signaling pathway.

To investigate the role of the DPP4-nestin axis in liver fibrosis induced by alveolar cyst infection,a murine model was established using C57BL/6 mice via hepatic portal vein injection.Liver histopathological changes were assessed using HE staining,while immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence were employed to evaluate the expression levels of nestin and DPP4 in infected mouse livers.In vitro,J S1 cell line was stimulated with recombinant DPP4 protein to es-tablish a cellular model,and qPCR,Western blot,and shRNA lentivirus interference techniques were utilized to examine the involvement of the DPP4-nestin axis in hepatic stellate cell activation.The findings demonstrated that compared to the Sham group,liver tissue structure disruption and collagen deposition were evident along with significantly increased expressions of nestin and DPP4(P＜0.050 0),which colocalized with nesin and α-SMA.Furthermore,stimulation with recombi-nant DPP4 protein significantly enhanced JS1 cell activation(P＜0.050 0)as well as upregulated nestin expression(P＜0.050 0)when compared to control group cells.Notably,shRNA lentivirus-mediated inhibition of nestin expression effectively suppressed the activating effects exerted by re-combinant DPP4 protein on JS1 cells(P＜0.050 0).Collectively,these results highlight the crucial regulatory role played by the DPP4-nestin axis in hepatic stellate cell activation triggered by alveo-lar infection;thus,targeting this axis may represent a novel therapeutic strategy for treating alveo-lar infection-induced liver fibrosis.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of Schistosoma japonicum infections in wild rodents in schistosomiasis-endemic areas of China, so as to provide insights into formulation of technical guidelines for monitoring of and the precise control strategy for S. japonicum infections in wild rodents during the elimination phase. Methods Two administrative villages where schistosomiasis was historically highly prevalent were selected each from Dongzhi County, Anhui Province, and Duchang County, Jiangxi Province as study villages. Wild rodents were captured from study villages with baited traps or cages at night in June and September, 2021. The number of rodents captured was recorded, and the rodent species was characterized based on morphologi-cal characteristics. Liver tissues were sampled from captured rodents for macroscopical observation of the presence of egg granu- lomas, and S. japonicum infection was detected simultaneously using liver tissue homogenate microscopy, examinations of mesenteric tissues for parasites, and modified Kato-Katz thick smear technique (Kato-Katz technique). A positive S. japonicum infection was defined as detection of S. japonicum eggs or adult worms by any of these methods. The rate of wild rodent capture and prevalence of S. japonicum infections in wild rodents were compared in different study villages and at different time periods, and the detection of S. japonicum infections in wild rodents was compared by different assays. Results The overall rate of wild ro- dent capture was 8.28% (237/2 861) in Dongzhi County, and the wild rodent capture rates were 9.24% (133/1 439) and 7.31% (104/1 422) in two study villages (χ² = 3.503, P = 0.061), and were 8.59% (121/1 409) and 7.99% (116/1 452) in June and September, 2021, respectively (χ² = 0.337, P = 0.561). The overall rate of wild rodent capture was 3.72% (77/2 072) in Duchang County, and the wild rodent capture rates were 6.91% (67/970) and 0.91% (10/1 102) in two study villages (χ² = 51.901, P < 0.001), and were 4.13% (39/945) and 3.37% (38/1 127) in June and September, 2021, respectively (χ² = 0.815, P = 0.365). Rattus norvegicus was the predominant rodent species captured in both counties, accounting for 70.04% (166/237) of all captured wild rodents in Dongzhi County and 88.31% (68/77) in Duchang County. No S. japonicum infection was detected in wild rodents captured in Duchang County. Nevertheless, the overall prevalence of S. japonicum infections was 51.05% (121/237) in wild rodents captured in Dongzhi County, with prevalence rates of 50.38% (67/133) and 51.92% (54/104) in two study villages (χ² = 0.098, P = 0.755), and 54.31% (63/116) and 47.93% (58/121) in September and June, 2021, respectively (χ² = 0.964, P = 0.326). Of 237 wild rodents captured in Dongzhi County, there were 140 (59.07%) rodents with visible hepatic egg granulomas, 117 (49.47%) tested positive for S. japonicum eggs by liver tissue homogenate microscopy, 34 (14.35%) tested positive for S. japonicum eggs with Kato-Katz technique; however, no adult S. japonicum worms were detected in mesenteric tissues. In addition, hepatic egg granulomas were found in all wild rodents tested positive for S. japonicum eggs with liver tissue homogenate microscopy. Conclusions The rate of wild rodent capture and prevalence of S. japonicum infection in wild rodents vary greatly in schistosomiasis-endemic areas of China, and the prevalence of S. japonicum infection is slightly higher in wild rodents captured in autumn than in summer. Liver tissue is recommended as the preferred sample for surveillance of S. japonicum infection in wild rodents, and a combination of macroscopical observation of hepatic egg granulomas and liver tissue homogenate microscopy may be a standard method for surveillance of S. japonicum infection in wild rodents.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of acupuncture at "four pharyngeal points" on simple vocal tics with liver hyperactivity disturbed wind in children. METHODS: Sixty children with simple vocal tics of liver hyperactivity disturbed wind were randomly divided into an observation group (30 cases, 1 case dropped out) and a control group (30 cases). The control group was given Changma Xifeng tablets orally, 3 times a day, while the observation group was treated with acupuncture at "four pharyngeal points" on the basis of the treatment in the control group, 15-20 min a time, once daily for 7 days, with a 3-day break. Both groups were treated for 3 months. The TCM syndrome score and Yale global tic severity scale (YGTSS) score of the two groups were observed before treatment and after 1, 2, 3 months of treatment, the disappearance time of simple vocal tics was recorded, and the therapeutic efficacy was evaluated after treatment. RESULTS: After 1, 2, 3 months of treatment, the TCM syndrome scores and YGTSS scores of the two groups were decreased compared with those before treatment (P<0.01, P<0.05), and the scores of the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05, P<0.01). The disappearance time of simple vocal tics in the observation group was earlier than that in the control group (P<0.05). The effective rate of the observation group was 93.1% (27/29), which was higher than 73.3% (22/30) in the control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Acupuncture at "four pharyngeal points" could improve symptoms in children with simple vocal tics of liver hyperactivity disturbed wind, and shorten the disappearance time of simple vocal tics.
Humans ; Male ; Acupuncture Points ; Female ; Child ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/administration & dosage* ; Child, Preschool ; Liver/drug effects* ; Tics/drug therapy* ; Treatment Outcome

Objective:To understand the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of residents in areas endemic for severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) and the factors influencing these aspects, to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of SFTS among residents in endemic areas.Methods:A multi-stage sampling method was used to select subjects for a questionnaire survey, and the collected data were analyzed and compared.Results:The awareness rate of SFTS-related knowledge among residents in the endemic areas of Qingdao was 14.38%, while the awareness rate of tick-related knowledge was 69.78%. The mean score for protective attitudes among residents in the endemic areas was 24.50±4.09, and the mean score for protective behaviors was 11.20±2.76. Among residents of different ages, occupations, and educational levels, comparisons of SFTS-related knowledge awareness rates ( χ2=293.553, P<0.001; χ2=495.216, P<0.001; χ2=677.272, P<0.001), tick-related knowledge awareness rates ( χ2=29.986, P<0.001; χ2=23.239, P=0.002; χ2=41.003, P<0.001), protective attitude scores ( H=52.094, P<0.001; H=33.446, P<0.001; H=81.715, P<0.001), and protective behavior scores ( H=52.344, P<0.001; H=28.465, P<0.001; H=67.061, P<0.001) showed statistically significant differences. Comparisons of these same factors among residents of different genders showed no statistically significant differences ( χ2=1.159, P=0.282; χ2=0.298, P=0.585; t=-0.808, P=0.419; t=-1.229, P=0.219). Comparisons of tick-related knowledge awareness rates among residents with different frequencies of outdoor work showed no statistically significant differences ( χ2=5.367, P=0.147); however, comparisons of SFTS-related knowledge awareness rates, protective attitude scores, and protective behavior scores among residents with different frequencies of outdoor work showed statistically significant differences ( χ2=117.010, P<0.001; F=4.127, P=0.006; H=56.280, P<0.001). Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that older age, lower educational level, and less frequent outdoor work were associated with lower protective behavior scores ( t=-3.479, P<0.001; t=4.861, P<0.001; t=-7.753, P<0.001). Conclusions:Residents in the epidemic areas of SFTS have a low level of knowledge, attitude and practice. Factors influencing protective behaviors include age, occupation, educational level, and frequency of outdoor work. Farmers are a group that requires particular attention.

Objective To analyze the correlation and predictive value of serum microRNA(miR)-34b and miR-181c levels with the prognosis of elderly acute ischemic stroke(AIS)patients with mechanical thrombec-tomy.Methods A total of 180 elderly AIS patients in Suining Central Hospital from January 2023 to January 2024 were selected as the study group.According to the 2∶1 control principle,90 healthy elderly patients at the same age and during the same period were selected as the control group.The general data and serum miR-34b and miR-181c levels in the two groups were compared,and the serum miR-34b and miR-181c levels of pa-tients with different degrees of neurological impairment in the study group were compared,and the correlation between the levels of serum miR-34b and miR-181c and the degree of neurological impairment in elderly AIS patients was analyzed.General data and serum miR-34b and miR-181c levels of patients with different progno-sis were compared at admission,and factors affecting adverse prognosis were analyzed,as well as the value of serum miR-34b and miR-181c in predicting adverse prognosis.Results The serum miR-34b level in the study group was lower than that in the control group,and the serum miR-181c level was higher than that in the con-trol group(P＜0.05).In the study group,the serum miR-34b level of patients with severe neurological im-pairment was lower than that of moderate and mild patients,the level of miR-181c was higher than that of moderate and mild patients,and the level of miR-181c was higher than that of mild patients(P＜0.05).The serum miR-34b levels in patients with severe neurological impairment in the study group were lower than those in moderate and mild patients at admission,and those in moderate patients were lower than those in mild patients,miR-181c levels were higher than those in moderate and mild patients,and moderate patients were higher than those in mild patients(P＜0.05).The level of serum miR-34b was negatively correlated with the degree of neurological impairment,and the level of miR-181c was positively correlated with the degree of neu-rological impairment(P＜0.05).The proportion of diabetes mellitus,National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS)score at admission,time from onset to treatment and serum miR-181c level in patients with poor prognosis were higher than those with good prognosis,and the level of miR-34b was lower than those with good prognosis(P＜0.05).Diabetes mellitus,time from onset to treatment,NIHSS score at admission,and serum miR-181c level were all independent risk factors for poor prognosis in elderly AIS patients with me-chanical thrombectomy,while serum miR-34b level was an independent protective factor(P＜0.05).The area under the curve(AUC)of serum miR-34b and miR-181c were 0.751 and 0.758 respectively in predicting the poor prognosis,and the AUC of combined miR-34B and miR-181c was 0.867,which was greater than the AUC predicted by alone(P＜0.05).Conclusion The levels of serum miR-34b and miR-181c are the factors affect-ing the poor prognosis of elderly AIS patients with mechanical thrombectomy,and have the predictive value for the prognosis.

Objective:To prepare decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM)-gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) composite hydrogels and to study their effects on hepatocyte proliferation.Methods:Hepatic dECM was prepared by elution, and GelMA hydrogel and 10%, 30% and 50% dECM-GelMA composite hydrogels were prepared by pepsin solubilization. The morphology of normal liver and dECM liver was observed by eyes and scanning electron microscopy using hematoxylin-eosin, Sirius red and periodate-Schiff staining, respectively. The internal structure of the dECM-GelMA composite hydrogels was observed by scanning electron microscopy, and the pore diameter was measured. Liver HL-7702 cells were co-cultured with GelMA hydrogel and 10%, 30% and 50% dECM-GelMA composite hydrogels, and the cell proliferation viability was determined by cell counting kit-8. The expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), Wnt family protein 5a (Wnt5a), β-catenin, extracellular-regulated protein kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and phosphorylated ERK1/2 (p-ERK1/2) were detected by Western blotting. Comparisons were made using independent sample t-test or one-factor analysis of variance. Results:After decellularization, the hepatocyte morphology showed rounded depressions, and the extracellular matrix structure was intact. The GelMA hydrogel and 10%, 30% and 50% dECM-GelMA composite hydrogels showed inernally porous structures. The pore diameter increased from (3.06±1.35) μm in the GelMA hydrogel to (16.01±4.02) μm in the 50% dECM-GelMA composite hydrogel. On the 3rd, 5th and 7th day, the relative cell proliferation was higher in the 50% dECM-GelMA composite hydrogel group than that in the GelMA hydrogel group (1.89±0.04 vs 1.53±0.01, 9.36±0.04 vs 3.89±0.09, 7.15±0.27 vs 4.89±0.15, all P<0.05). The relative expression levels of PCNA, Wnt5a, β-catenin, and p-ERK1/2/ERK1/2 proteins in the 50% dECM-GelMA composite hydrogel group were higher than those in the GelMA hydrogel group (2.14±0.04 vs 1.00±0.03, 2.36±0.09 vs 1.00±0.08, 1.45±0.03 vs 1.00±0.04, 1.43±0.04 vs 1.00±0.01, all P<0.05). Conclusions:A dECM-GelMA composite hydrogel can be prepared, which may promote hepatocyte proliferation by upregulating the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.