Objective To identify serum metabolic markers served in the clinical diagnosis of ulcerative colitis(UC).Methods Ser-um samples from 29 UC patients,31 Crohn's disease(CD)patients,and 21 matched healthy controls(HC)admitted to Department of Gastroenterology,Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital during September 2022 and March 2024 were collected.The ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-orbitrap mass spectrometry(UHPLC-Q Exactive HF-X)technology was used to detect and analyze serum metabolites.A partial least squares discrimination analysis(PLS-DA)model was constructed,and the metabolites significantly up-regulated in UC were screened based on the variable importance in projection(VIP)score＞1,P value＜0.05,and fold change(FC)＞1.2.The pathway enrichment analysis was performed using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)database to reveal the biological pathways involved in the metabolites.The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUCROC)was calculated to evaluate the diagnostic potential of the differential metabolites.Results A total of 1 522 metabo-lites were identified from the three sample groups.Among them,4 metabolites,namely leucodopachrome(VIP=1.964,P＜0.05,FC=1.916),tetrahydrodipicolinate(VIP=1.74,P＜0.05,FC=2.65),N-ethylmaleimide(VIP=1.519,P＜0.05,FC=1.597),and 5,6-dihydroxyindole(VIP=3.018,P＜0.05,FC=1.575),were significantly up-regulated in UC.Their AUCROC values for distinguishing UC from CD were 0.788(95%CI:0.655-0.921),0.773(95%CI:0.639-0.907),0.834(95%CI:0.720-0.949),and 0.899(95%CI:0.821-0.977),respectively,while those for distinguishing UC from HC were 0.966(95%CI:0.924-1.000),0.926(95%CI:0.857-0.995),0.969(95%CI:0.928-1.000),and 0.910(95%CI:0.830-0.990),respectively.KEGG pathway analysis showed that the up-regulated metabolites in UC were primarily enriched in biological pathways such as tyrosine metabolism,glycerophospholipid me-tabolism,and arachidonic acid metabolism.Conclusion The serum metabolic profile of UC patients is significantly changed,and the four differential metabolites mentioned above may serve as effective biomarkers for the differential diagnosis of UC,CD,and HC.

Objective:To adapt the Meaning in Life in Children Questionnaire(MIL-CQ)into a Chinese ver-sion and examine its validity and reliability.Methods:A total of 1 649 primary school students were recruited and divided into 4 samples.Sample 1(n=527)was used for item analysis and exploratory factor analysis.Sample 2(n=503)was used for confirmatory factor analysis(CFA).In sample 3(n=512),criterion validity was assessed u-sing the Chinese version of Satisfaction with Life Scale(C-SWLS),Williams Creativity Assessment Packet(CAP),Quality of Life Scale for Children and Adolescents(QLSCA),and Strength and Difficulty Questionnaire(SDQ),followed by a second confirmatory factor analysis.Sample 1 and Sample 2 were combined for internal con-sistency reliability analysis;Sample 4(n=107)was used for test-retest reliability analysis.Results:The exploratory factor analysis showed that the Chinese version of the MIL-CQ contained 18 items,including three factors(attitude,creativity,and experience).Both CFAs showed excellent fit(CFI=0.95/0.96,TLI=0.94/0.96,SRMR=0.04,RMSEA=0.04,x2/df=1.60/1.71,Ps＜0.001).The total scores and subscale scores of the Chinese version of MIL-CQ were positively correlated with the scores of C-SWLS,CAP,QLSCA,and the prosocial behavior section of the SDQ(r=0.17-0.58,Ps＜0.01),and negatively correlated with the difficulty section of the SDQ(r=-0.06--0.39,Ps＜0.01).The Cronbach's α coefficients for the total scale and the three subscales ranged from 0.64 to 0.83,and the test-retest reliability(ICC)over a 1-month interval ranged from 0.69 to 0.77.Conclusion:The Chi-nese version of the Meaning in Life in Children Questionnaire has good validity and reliability for assessing mean-ing in life among children.

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of against-lateral correction Tuina(Chinese therapeutic massage)in treating atlanto-axial joint disorder(AAJD)and imaging changes.Methods:A total of 142 patients with AAJD were recruited.They were randomly allocated to a trial group and a control group using the random number table method,with 71 participants in each group.The trial group was treated with against-lateral correction Tuina 3 times weekly.The control group was offered conventional physical traction therapy once daily.The interventions lasted 2 weeks in both groups.The two groups of participants were observed before and after treatment for their changes in the global pain scale(GPS)score,visual analog scale(VAS)score for dizziness assessment,cervical range of motion(ROM)in rotation,and the extent of atlanto-dental displacement.Results:The GPS and VAS scores dropped after treatment in both groups(P<0.05)and were lower in the trial group than in the control group after treatment and at the follow-up(P<0.05).Participants in the trial group achieved a significant increase in the cervical ROM in rotation after treatment and at the follow-up compared to the pre-treatment value(P<0.05)and surpassed the control group(P<0.05);the control group only showed an increase in the left-side rotation(P<0.05).After the intervention,neither the intra-group nor the between-group comparison revealed significant differences in the extent of atlanto-dental displacement(P>0.05),though the trial group presented an improving tendency.Conclusion:Compared to physical traction,the against-lateral correction Tuina method works more significantly in improving pain,dizziness,and ROM in AAJD patients.

Objective:To optimize the smart follow-up workflow for day-case breast surgery patients using an action research approach and evaluate its effectiveness.Methods:A total of 648 post-discharge patients who underwent day-case breast surgery at the Day Surgery Unit of Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences between February and May 2024 were selected by convenience sampling. Patients who received routine smart follow-up (automated+telephone) from February to March 2024 served as the baseline group. Patients enrolled in April 2024 ( n=218) and May 2024 ( n=202) formed the first and second cycle groups, respectively, in which the smart follow-up workflow was optimized iteratively using action research. Outcome indicators included automated recovery rate and total recovery rate of follow-up forms, as well as the incidence of postoperative discomfort symptoms. Results:The automated and total recovery rates of follow-up forms in the first and second cycle groups were significantly higher than those in the baseline group, with statistically significant differences observed ( P<0.01). The proportion of patients experiencing persistent chest distress was significantly lower in the first and second cycle groups compared to the baseline group, and further reduced in the second cycle group compared to the first, with statistically significant differences observed ( P<0.01). Pain levels in the first and second cycle groups were also significantly lower than those in the baseline group, with statistically significant differences observed ( P<0.01) . Conclusions:Optimizing the smart follow-up workflow for day-case breast surgery patients based on an action research approach can significantly improve the automated and overall recovery rates of follow-up forms, reduce postoperative discomfort, and enhance both the efficiency and quality of follow-up care.

Objective:To adapt the Meaning in Life in Children Questionnaire(MIL-CQ)into a Chinese ver-sion and examine its validity and reliability.Methods:A total of 1 649 primary school students were recruited and divided into 4 samples.Sample 1(n=527)was used for item analysis and exploratory factor analysis.Sample 2(n=503)was used for confirmatory factor analysis(CFA).In sample 3(n=512),criterion validity was assessed u-sing the Chinese version of Satisfaction with Life Scale(C-SWLS),Williams Creativity Assessment Packet(CAP),Quality of Life Scale for Children and Adolescents(QLSCA),and Strength and Difficulty Questionnaire(SDQ),followed by a second confirmatory factor analysis.Sample 1 and Sample 2 were combined for internal con-sistency reliability analysis;Sample 4(n=107)was used for test-retest reliability analysis.Results:The exploratory factor analysis showed that the Chinese version of the MIL-CQ contained 18 items,including three factors(attitude,creativity,and experience).Both CFAs showed excellent fit(CFI=0.95/0.96,TLI=0.94/0.96,SRMR=0.04,RMSEA=0.04,x2/df=1.60/1.71,Ps＜0.001).The total scores and subscale scores of the Chinese version of MIL-CQ were positively correlated with the scores of C-SWLS,CAP,QLSCA,and the prosocial behavior section of the SDQ(r=0.17-0.58,Ps＜0.01),and negatively correlated with the difficulty section of the SDQ(r=-0.06--0.39,Ps＜0.01).The Cronbach's α coefficients for the total scale and the three subscales ranged from 0.64 to 0.83,and the test-retest reliability(ICC)over a 1-month interval ranged from 0.69 to 0.77.Conclusion:The Chi-nese version of the Meaning in Life in Children Questionnaire has good validity and reliability for assessing mean-ing in life among children.

Objective To identify serum metabolic markers served in the clinical diagnosis of ulcerative colitis(UC).Methods Ser-um samples from 29 UC patients,31 Crohn's disease(CD)patients,and 21 matched healthy controls(HC)admitted to Department of Gastroenterology,Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital during September 2022 and March 2024 were collected.The ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-orbitrap mass spectrometry(UHPLC-Q Exactive HF-X)technology was used to detect and analyze serum metabolites.A partial least squares discrimination analysis(PLS-DA)model was constructed,and the metabolites significantly up-regulated in UC were screened based on the variable importance in projection(VIP)score＞1,P value＜0.05,and fold change(FC)＞1.2.The pathway enrichment analysis was performed using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)database to reveal the biological pathways involved in the metabolites.The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUCROC)was calculated to evaluate the diagnostic potential of the differential metabolites.Results A total of 1 522 metabo-lites were identified from the three sample groups.Among them,4 metabolites,namely leucodopachrome(VIP=1.964,P＜0.05,FC=1.916),tetrahydrodipicolinate(VIP=1.74,P＜0.05,FC=2.65),N-ethylmaleimide(VIP=1.519,P＜0.05,FC=1.597),and 5,6-dihydroxyindole(VIP=3.018,P＜0.05,FC=1.575),were significantly up-regulated in UC.Their AUCROC values for distinguishing UC from CD were 0.788(95%CI:0.655-0.921),0.773(95%CI:0.639-0.907),0.834(95%CI:0.720-0.949),and 0.899(95%CI:0.821-0.977),respectively,while those for distinguishing UC from HC were 0.966(95%CI:0.924-1.000),0.926(95%CI:0.857-0.995),0.969(95%CI:0.928-1.000),and 0.910(95%CI:0.830-0.990),respectively.KEGG pathway analysis showed that the up-regulated metabolites in UC were primarily enriched in biological pathways such as tyrosine metabolism,glycerophospholipid me-tabolism,and arachidonic acid metabolism.Conclusion The serum metabolic profile of UC patients is significantly changed,and the four differential metabolites mentioned above may serve as effective biomarkers for the differential diagnosis of UC,CD,and HC.

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of against-lateral correction Tuina(Chinese therapeutic massage)in treating atlanto-axial joint disorder(AAJD)and imaging changes.Methods:A total of 142 patients with AAJD were recruited.They were randomly allocated to a trial group and a control group using the random number table method,with 71 participants in each group.The trial group was treated with against-lateral correction Tuina 3 times weekly.The control group was offered conventional physical traction therapy once daily.The interventions lasted 2 weeks in both groups.The two groups of participants were observed before and after treatment for their changes in the global pain scale(GPS)score,visual analog scale(VAS)score for dizziness assessment,cervical range of motion(ROM)in rotation,and the extent of atlanto-dental displacement.Results:The GPS and VAS scores dropped after treatment in both groups(P<0.05)and were lower in the trial group than in the control group after treatment and at the follow-up(P<0.05).Participants in the trial group achieved a significant increase in the cervical ROM in rotation after treatment and at the follow-up compared to the pre-treatment value(P<0.05)and surpassed the control group(P<0.05);the control group only showed an increase in the left-side rotation(P<0.05).After the intervention,neither the intra-group nor the between-group comparison revealed significant differences in the extent of atlanto-dental displacement(P>0.05),though the trial group presented an improving tendency.Conclusion:Compared to physical traction,the against-lateral correction Tuina method works more significantly in improving pain,dizziness,and ROM in AAJD patients.

Objective:To optimize the smart follow-up workflow for day-case breast surgery patients using an action research approach and evaluate its effectiveness.Methods:A total of 648 post-discharge patients who underwent day-case breast surgery at the Day Surgery Unit of Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences between February and May 2024 were selected by convenience sampling. Patients who received routine smart follow-up (automated+telephone) from February to March 2024 served as the baseline group. Patients enrolled in April 2024 ( n=218) and May 2024 ( n=202) formed the first and second cycle groups, respectively, in which the smart follow-up workflow was optimized iteratively using action research. Outcome indicators included automated recovery rate and total recovery rate of follow-up forms, as well as the incidence of postoperative discomfort symptoms. Results:The automated and total recovery rates of follow-up forms in the first and second cycle groups were significantly higher than those in the baseline group, with statistically significant differences observed ( P<0.01). The proportion of patients experiencing persistent chest distress was significantly lower in the first and second cycle groups compared to the baseline group, and further reduced in the second cycle group compared to the first, with statistically significant differences observed ( P<0.01). Pain levels in the first and second cycle groups were also significantly lower than those in the baseline group, with statistically significant differences observed ( P<0.01) . Conclusions:Optimizing the smart follow-up workflow for day-case breast surgery patients based on an action research approach can significantly improve the automated and overall recovery rates of follow-up forms, reduce postoperative discomfort, and enhance both the efficiency and quality of follow-up care.

Objective:To explore the applied therapeutic effect of digital surgical technique combined with three dimensional(3D)printing guide plate in surgery of maxillofacial fracture.Methods:A total of forty patients with maxillofacial fracture who admitted to the Department of Stomatology at the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from June 2019 to June 2023 were selected.They were divided into an observation group(18 cases)and a control group(22 cases)based on different surgical methods.The observation group used digital technique combined with 3D printing technique to conduct surgery by auxiliary method,and the control group used routine open reduction and internal fixation surgery for maxillofacial fracture.The surgical time,bleeding volume,complications and satisfaction evaluation between two groups of patients were observed and compared.Results:All patients obtained clinical cure after open reduction and internal fixation surgery,and the surgical time(2.01±0.52)h and bleeding volume(123.89±67.31)mL during surgery of observation group were significantly lower than those of control group(U=62.000,26.500,P<0.05),respectively.The incidence of the complications in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(x2=4.675,P<0.05),and there were no statistically significant difference in infection and limited incision opening between the two groups(P>0.05).In the satisfaction evaluation,there was a significant difference in appearance satisfaction scores between the observation group(8.89±0.758)and the control group(7.73±0.827)(U=66.000,P<0.05),while there were no statistically significant differences in chewing and language aspects between two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion:The combination of digital technique and 3D printing guide plate has favorable clinical guidance effect in maxillofacial fracture surgery,which can significantly improve surgical efficacy,and reduce the incidence of complications,and obtain higher patient satisfaction.It is worth to be applied in clinical practice.

Clinical research reports serve as the presentation of scientific research findings and directly reflect the quality of the research. This article describes the writing of different types of clinical research reports， such as observational studies and randomized controlled trial studies， with a particular focus on randomized controlled trials. Each scientific research design has its reporting focus， and the writing of scientific research papers has uniform requirements and a specific writing format. Mastering the proper format of drafting research reports is of practical value and significant importance for conduction high-quality clinical research.