In recent years,there has been a deeper understanding of the role and mechanisms of common inflammatory cytokines in the development and progression of liver cirrhosis,such as interleukin-1β,interleukin-6,interleukin-10,interleukin-17,tumor necrosis factor-α,interferon-γ,and C-reactive protein,and significant achievements have also been made in the research on the association of these inflammatory cytokines with disorder of glucose metabolism and pancreatic islet dysfunction.This article reviews the role of inflammatory cytokines in patients with liver cirrhosis and their impact on disorder of glucose metabolism and pancreatic islet dysfunction,in order to provide a theoretical basis for clarifying the pathogenesis of hepatogenous diabetes and performing the clinical management of the disease.

Clinical undergraduates generally have the following problems during their radiology internship: short internship period, low motivation, teachers using traditional teaching mode, and insufficient hardware and software facilities for image reading. In this study, RadiAnt DICOM Viewer and case-based learning (CBL) model were applied in online practice teaching for clinical undergraduates in the radiology department, which achieved good results. The results showed that the clinical undergraduates had a pass rate of 91.18% (124/136) in the image reading quiz and a mean score of (85.71±10.99) in the in-class quiz, with a pass rate of 91.91% (125/136). The satisfaction survey showed that 84.56% (115/136) of the students were more satisfied with the application of RadiAnt DICOM Viewer in image reading teaching; 80.88% (110/136) of the students expressed more interest in radiology after this training course; 90.44% (123/136) of the students thought that online practice teaching of radiology is feasible.

ObjectiveTo investigate an outbreak of norovirus diarrhea in a welfare home for the elderly in Shanghai， and to analyze the epidemiology and virus genotype characteristics of the epidemic， thus providing a scientific basis for the prevention and control of norovirus epidemic. MethodsCase definition was clarified. After case definition， a standardized questionnaire was used to carry out case investigation to make comprehensive analysis in combination with field epidemiological investigation and laboratory tests results. ResultsThe epidemic lasted for 14 days， and 23 cases were reported with an incidence rate of 12.37% （23/186）， including 3 males and 20 females. There were more cases on the 1st， 4th and 6th floor of the main building in the welfare home， accounting for 52.17% （12/23） of total cases. 19 cases were reported in the main building， with an incidence rate of 11.59% （19/164）； 4 cases were reported in the auxiliary building， with an incidence rate of 18.18% （4/22）. There was no significant difference in the morbidity between the main building and the auxiliary building （χ²=0.779，P>0.05）. The main clinical manifestations were vomiting and diarrhea. There was a significant difference in the incidence of vomiting symptoms among the elderly， nursing staff and other staff in the welfare home （χ²=10.216， P<0.05）. But there was no significant difference in the incidence of diarrhea among the elderly， nursing staff and other staff （χ²=1.218， P>0.05）. Fecal samples were collected from 23 cases， 1 case family member， 68 risk personnel and 14 environmental surface swab samples. Norovirus GⅡ was detected in stool samples of 19 cases， 1 family member and 36 risk personnel. ConclusionOutbreak of norovirus infection is reported in a welfare home in Shanghai. The close contact between the elderly and health workers might lead to the outbreak.

The oral cavity of each person is home to hundreds of bacterial species.While taxa for oral diseases have been studied using culture-based characterization as well as amplicon sequencing,metagenomic and genomic information remains scarce compared to the fecal microbiome.Here,using metagenomic shotgun data for 3346 oral metagenomic samples together with 808 published samples,we obtain 56,213 metagenome-assembled genomes(MAGs),and more than 64％of the 3589 species-level genome bins(SGBs)contain no publicly available genomes.The resulting genome collection is representative of samples around the world and contains many genomes from candi-date phyla radiation(CPR)that lack monoculture.Also,it enables the discovery of new taxa such as a genus Candidatus Bgiplasma within the family Acholeplasmataceae.Large-scale metagenomic data from massive samples also allow the assembly of strains from important oral taxa such as Por-phyromonas and Neisseria.The oral microbes encode genes that could potentially metabolize drugs.Apart from these findings,a strongly male-enriched Campylobacter species was identified.Oral sam-ples would be more user-friendly collected than fecal samples and have the potential for disease diagnosis.Thus,these data lay down a genomic framework for future inquiries of the human oral microbiome.

Objective:To investigate the reasonable dosage of heparin anticoagulation scheme during plasma adsorption (PA) therapy for liver failure.Methods:Patients with liver failure treated with PA therapy were retrospectively collected and divided according to the anticoagulation scheme into the first-dose heparin anticoagulation group and the first-dose plus maintenance heparin anticoagulation group. Clinical data and laboratory test results were compared before and after treatment between the two groups. Paired t-tests were used for comparison within the normally distributed groups. An independent two-sample t-test was used for inter group comparison. Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used for measurement data that did not conform to a normal distribution. Fisher's exact test was used to compare the count data between groups. Results:There were 138 cases with liver failure treated with PA therapy from October 2017 to September 2020. Among them, 83 and 55 cases were in the first-dose heparin anticoagulation and first-dose plus maintenance heparin anticoagulation group, respectively. Age, gender, and laboratory data before treatment were comparable between the two groups. PA treatment was successfully completed in both groups of patient, and there was no statistically significant difference in the determination of coagulation level with plasma separators ( Z=-0.15, P=0.216). There were different degrees of bleeding complications in both groups. In the first-dose heparin anticoagulation group, there were two cases (2.4%) of central venous catheter bleeding and one case (1.2%) of epistaxis. In the first-dose plus maintenance heparin anticoagulation group, there were five cases (9.1%) of central venous catheter bleeding, two cases (3.6%) of skin bleeding, one case (1.8%) of epistaxis, and one case (1.8%) of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. The incidence of bleeding complications was lower in the first-dose of heparin anticoagulation than first-dose plus maintenance heparin anticoagulation group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.001). The activated partial thromboplastin time of the two groups was prolonged after therapy withdrawal than with therapy, and the difference was statistically significant (first-dose heparin anticoagulation group: t=3.850, P=0.022; first-dose plus maintenance heparin anticoagulation group: t=6.733, P=0.007). The activated partial thromboplastin time was prolonged in patients with first-dose plus maintenance heparin anticoagulation than first-dose heparin anticoagulation group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P=0.025). The total bilirubin of the two groups before and after PA was significantly changed (the first-dose heparin anticoagulation group: Z=-2.455, P=0.017; the first-dose plus maintenance heparin anticoagulation group: Z=-2.307, P=0.024), and there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups ( P=0.412). There was no statistically significant difference in platelet changes before and after PA therapy between the two groups (the first dose of heparin anticoagulation group: Z=-0.529, P=0.480; the first-dose plus maintenance heparin anticoagulation group: Z=-0.276, P=0.362). Conclusion:Anticoagulation scheme without maintenance medication is feasible with prothrombin activity before ≤20-40%, activated partial thromboplastin time of ≤87 s (2 times the upper normal value), platelet count before treatment (excluding contraindications to heparin) ≥50×10 9/L, and the first dose of heparin administration of 0.2 mg/kg during PA therapy in patients with liver failure.

Objective:To understand the basic situation of noise hazards in wood furniture manufacturing, stone processing and special equipment manufacturing industries in Shenzhen City, and to provide basis for preventing and controlling noise hazards.Methods:In August 2019, stratified random sampling ws used to select 21 wood funiture manafacturing, 15 stone processing and 24 special equipment manufactruing as survey object. Through the methods of occupational health field investigation, noise intensity measurement and occupational health examination data collection, the noise hazards of 60 enterprises in three industries were statistically analyzed.Results:There were 154, 44 and 113 noise detection points in wood furniture manufacturing, stone processing and special equipment manufacturing enterprises, and 101, 27 and 78 out of standard points respectively, and the exceeding standard rates were 65.6% (101/154) , 61.4% (27/44) and 69.0% (78/113) , respectively. There were 1670, 172 and 856 workers exposed to noise in the three industries. Among them, 1198, 134 and 703 people had taken occupational health examination. The physical examination rates were 71.7% (1198/1670) , 77.9% (134/172) and 82.1% (703/856) , respectively. The abnormal rates were 19.1% (229/1198) , 51.5% (69/134) and 37.8% (266/703) , respectively.Conclusion:High intensity noise working environment, too long noise exposure time, incorrect wearing of personal protective equipment and neglect of occupational health examination are important reasons for hearing loss of noise exposed personnel.

Objective:To understand the basic situation of noise hazards in wood furniture manufacturing, stone processing and special equipment manufacturing industries in Shenzhen City, and to provide basis for preventing and controlling noise hazards.Methods:In August 2019, stratified random sampling ws used to select 21 wood funiture manafacturing, 15 stone processing and 24 special equipment manufactruing as survey object. Through the methods of occupational health field investigation, noise intensity measurement and occupational health examination data collection, the noise hazards of 60 enterprises in three industries were statistically analyzed.Results:There were 154, 44 and 113 noise detection points in wood furniture manufacturing, stone processing and special equipment manufacturing enterprises, and 101, 27 and 78 out of standard points respectively, and the exceeding standard rates were 65.6% (101/154) , 61.4% (27/44) and 69.0% (78/113) , respectively. There were 1670, 172 and 856 workers exposed to noise in the three industries. Among them, 1198, 134 and 703 people had taken occupational health examination. The physical examination rates were 71.7% (1198/1670) , 77.9% (134/172) and 82.1% (703/856) , respectively. The abnormal rates were 19.1% (229/1198) , 51.5% (69/134) and 37.8% (266/703) , respectively.Conclusion:High intensity noise working environment, too long noise exposure time, incorrect wearing of personal protective equipment and neglect of occupational health examination are important reasons for hearing loss of noise exposed personnel.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of 18F-FDG PET-CT in the diagnosis, clinical staging and treatment guide of malignant lymphoma. Methods A total of 136 lymphoma patients confirmed by pathological diagnosis who received 18F-FDG PET-CT and contrast enhanced CT (CECT) examination in Gansu Provincial Hospital from January 2011 to December 2016 were collected. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive values (PPV) and negative predictive values (NPV) of 18F-FDG PET-CT and CECT were evaluated, respectively. The effects of 18F-FDG PET-CT on diagnosis, clinical staging and treatment regimens of lymphoma were analyzed. Results The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, PPV and NPV of 18F-FDG PET-CT in the diagnosis of lymphoma for all 136 patients was 98.2%, 82.1%, 94.9%, 95.5% and 92.0%, respectively. CECT was 80.6%, 67.9%, 77.9%, 90.6% and 47.5%, respectively. The difference in sensitivity and specificity between 18F-FDG PET-CT and CECT was statistically significant (χ2＝ 16.0, P<0.01). The accuracy of 18F-FDG PET-CT was higher than that of CECT. Compared with CECT, 26 (20.6%) patients with image of 18F-FDG PET-CT showed the increase of the clinical staging, 4 (2.9%) patients showed the decrease of the clinical staging, and 16 (11.8%) patients changed the treatment regimen after the stage alteration. Conclusion 18F-FDG PET-CT is superior to CECT in the diagnosis, clinical staging and treatment guide of lymphoma, which shows the promising prospect in the diagnosis and treatment of lymphoma.

OBJECTIVE: To screen for MYOC gene variants among sporadic patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG). METHODS: For 398 patients with POAG, Sanger sequencing was applied to detect potential variants of the MYOC gene. RESULTS: Eight patients (2.0%) were found to harbor variations of the MYOC gene. These included five types of variants, among which c.667C>T (p.Pro223Ser) and c.1138G>T (p.Asp380Tyr) were novel. c.382C>T (p.Arg128Trp), c.1109C>T(p.Pro370Leu) and c.1130C>A (p.Thr377Lys) were previously associated with POAG. Alignment of amino acid sequences of MYOC proteins of various species revealed that the two novel variants have occurred at highly conserved positions. c.1138G>T was predicted to be possible pathogenic by Bioinformatic analysis. CONCLUSION Two novel variants of the MYOC gene were detected among sporadic POAG patients, which enriched its variant spectrum.
Cytoskeletal Proteins ; genetics ; Eye Proteins ; genetics ; Glaucoma, Open-Angle ; genetics ; Glycoproteins ; genetics ; Humans ; Mutation

Objective To investigate the efficicy of early cardiac rehabilitation procedures in treating patients after percutaneous coronary intervention. Methods From August 2016 to August2017, 51 patients underwent routine intervention forpercutaneous coronary intervention were selected as control group. From September 2017 to September 2018, 51 patients with early cardiac rehabilitation procedures for percutaneous coronary intervention were selected as observation group. The cardiac function before and after treatment, quality of life and the incidence rate of adverse cardiovascular events after 6 months of operation were compared between two groups. Results After 2 weeks of intervention, the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group, and the levels of left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV), left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV) and wall motion integral index (WMSI) were significantly lower than those in the control group (P ＜ 0. 05). After 2 weeks of intervention, the scores of physiological function, physical pain, physiological function, emotional function, social function, energy, general health status and mental health in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P ＜ 0. 05). The incidence rate of malignant arrhythmia in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P ＜ 0. 05). Conclusion Early cardiac rehabilitation procedures can improve cardiac function of patients with percutaneous coronary intervention, improve quality of life, and reduce cardiovascular adverse events.