The qi-flavor compatibility theory originated from The Yellow Emperor's Inner Classic.This theory is based on yunqi theory,with qi as the core,and recognizes diseases from the imbalance of qi transformation in the internal and external environment of the human body;it combines four-qi and five-flavor theories,and jointly regulates the qi transformation of nature and the human body from the aspects of cold and heat and prosperity and decline;it emphasizes"carefully observing the qi rules and not missing the patho-genesis",and according to the prosperity and decline of yunqi and the cold and warm of the climate,the deficiency and excess of the viscus qi and the cold and heat of the disease,the flavor of medicine and food is used to resist the invasion of abnormal climate on the human body,and adjust the qi transformation of the five internal viscera,so that the human body can be restored to a state of qi activity harmony and yin and yang balance.The imbalance of yin and yang is the root cause of disease,with cold and heat as its manifesta-tions,which are balanced by the four qi;prosperity and decline are the root causes,which are nourished and purged by the five flavors.The combination of four qi and the five flavors is essentially a multi-faceted adjustment of the imbalance of yin and yang in the human body.The mutual compatibility of multiple flavors can expand the scope of action of the drug,restrict the bias of the drug's fla-vor,and achieve both expelling evil and strengthening the body.

The qi-flavor compatibility theory originated from The Yellow Emperor's Inner Classic.This theory is based on yunqi theory,with qi as the core,and recognizes diseases from the imbalance of qi transformation in the internal and external environment of the human body;it combines four-qi and five-flavor theories,and jointly regulates the qi transformation of nature and the human body from the aspects of cold and heat and prosperity and decline;it emphasizes"carefully observing the qi rules and not missing the patho-genesis",and according to the prosperity and decline of yunqi and the cold and warm of the climate,the deficiency and excess of the viscus qi and the cold and heat of the disease,the flavor of medicine and food is used to resist the invasion of abnormal climate on the human body,and adjust the qi transformation of the five internal viscera,so that the human body can be restored to a state of qi activity harmony and yin and yang balance.The imbalance of yin and yang is the root cause of disease,with cold and heat as its manifesta-tions,which are balanced by the four qi;prosperity and decline are the root causes,which are nourished and purged by the five flavors.The combination of four qi and the five flavors is essentially a multi-faceted adjustment of the imbalance of yin and yang in the human body.The mutual compatibility of multiple flavors can expand the scope of action of the drug,restrict the bias of the drug's fla-vor,and achieve both expelling evil and strengthening the body.

Objective To perform an epidemiological investigation on a case of visceral leishmaniasis reported from Shule County, Kashi Prefecture, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region in 2021, so as to provide insights into differential diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods The epidemiological history of this case was collected, and the case was diagnosed for Leishmania infection with the immunochromatographic (rK39) strip test, bone marrow smear microscopy and PCR assay. Results The patient had typical clinical symptoms of leishmaniasis, including irregular fever, hepatosplenomeg- aly, low serum albumin and elevated globulin. Bone marrow smear microscopy identified L. donovani amastigotes, and both rK39 strip test and PCR assay were positive, while the case was tested negative for SARS-CoV-2. COVID-19 was therefore excluded and visceral leishmaniasis was diagnosed. Standard full-dose treatment with sodium stibogluconate was given, and no Leishmania was found on blood smears during the reexamination. No recurrence was found during the followup after discharge for hospital. Conclusions During the COVID-19 pandemic, it is recommended to increase the perception of differential diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis among first-contact doctors, and reinforce the capability of differential diagnosis and health education of visceral leishmaniasis among medical and healthcare institutions at all levels, to prevent missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis.

Objective:To establish two differential gene expression profiles of qi-deficiency and blood stasis syndrome before or after safflower injection treatment by using gene chip technology;compared and analyzed to ensure the effective genes that are responsible for the therapeutic effects of safflower injection against qi-deficiency and blood stasis syndrome in rats.Furthermore,speculated the effect mechanism of the therapeutic genes.Methods:Fifteen SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=5):control group,model group,and medication group.Qi-deficiency and blood stasis model was established by subjecting the rats to hunger and fatigue for two weeks.After a week of the modeling,safflower injection (100 mg/kg/d) was administered daily via the tail vein for 7 days in medication group,and the rats in model group were injected with saline of the same volume.Control group received normal feeding.At the end of the experiment,rats were killed and whole blood was collected to evaluate the blood stream change and extract mRNAs in blood samples.Qualified mRNAs were reverse transcribed into cDNA which was then used in gene chip hybridization.The genes regulated by safflower injection were determined by the fluorescence signal and the functional mechanisms of safflower injection were confirmed by further querying genealogy databases and reviewing literatures.Results:After two weeks of the modeling,the whole blood viscosity under various shear rates was significantly increased in the model rats which showed faint,blood stasis and weight loss,indicating that the model is made successfully.The increased whole blood viscosity and qi-deficiency and blood stasis syndrome were obviously reversed by safflower injection treatment.Compared with the control group,252 genes up-regulated while 54 genes down-regulated in model group;compared with the model group,196 genes up-regulated while 32 genes down-regulated.Among these,16 differentially expressed genes were involved in inflammation and immune response.Conclusions:Safflower injection was effective in treating qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome,which was achieved by regulating inflammation related genes.