Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of nebulized inhalation of recombinant human interferon (IFN) α1b injection in the treatment of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) associated lower respiratory tract infections (pneumonia and bronchiolitis) in children.Methods:A randomized, double-blind, parallel, placebo-controlled add-on design was used.Children with pneumonia or bronchiolitis aged 2 months to 5 years who tested positive for RSV antigen within 72 hours of onset from 30 clinical trial sites including Beijing Children′s Hospital, Capital Medical University between February 2021 and December 2022 were included in this study and randomly divided into 2 groups at a ratio of 1∶1 based on a stratified-block method.Both groups received basic treatments such as cough control, asthma relieving, expectorant treatment, fever reduction, oxygen therapy, etc.The experimental group received additional nebulized inhalation of IFN α1b injection at a dose of 2.0 μg/(kg·time), twice a day.The control group received nebulized inhalation of placebo twice a day.Clinical efficacy was evaluated based on indicators such as the duration of clinical symptoms and signs, and the Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate the median and 95% CI of the duration of clinical symptoms and signs.The Log-rank test was used to compared data between groups.Safety was assessed through the incidence of adverse reactions and laboratory tests, and the Chi-square test was used to analyze the difference between groups. Results:There were 123 children in the experimental group and 122 children in the control group.The median durations of all the 5 clinical symptoms and signs [including shortness of breath, wheezing, dyspnea (visible retractions), decreased transcutaneous oxygen saturation, and abnormal mental state] in the experimental group after treatment were slightly shortened than those in the control group [2.7 d(95% CI: 1.9-3.0 d)] vs.[2.9 d(95% CI: 2.6-3.6 d), P=0.027].The improvement in dyspnea (retractions) was especially pronounced in the experimental group, with a relief rate of 50.0% (0, 100%) on the first day of administration[compared with 0 (0, 50.0%) in the control group ( Z=2.002, P=0.025)].The median duration of dyspnea in the experimental group was nearly 1 day shorter than that in the control group [1.0 d(95% CI: 0.7-1.7 d) vs.1.8 d(95% CI: 1.0-2.5 d), P=0.046].There were no significant difference in hospital stay [6.0(5.0, 8.0) d vs.6.5(5.0, 8.0) d, Z=0.675, P=0.500], oxygen therapy duration [32.0(14.0, 96.3) h vs.39.0 (24.0, 83.2) h, Z=0.094, P=0.925], the recovery rate from clinical symptoms during treatment [(105/106, 99.1%) vs.(96/101, 95.0%)], and recurrence rate [(0/106, 0) vs.(2/101, 2.0%)] between the 2 groups (all P>0.05).However, the above-mentioned four indicators in the experimental group showed a trend of clinical benefits.The quantitative virus detection results showed that the RSV viral load in both groups decreased after treatment compared to before treatment.After 2 days of treatment, the decline rate of RSV viral load from the baseline was 0.90 lg copies/(mL·d) in the experimental group and 0.25 lg copies/(mL·d)in the control group, with a statistically significant difference ( P<0.05).Furthermore, there was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the 2 groups ( P>0.05).Importantly, no drug-related serious adverse reactions occurred in both groups. Conclusions:The nebulized inhalation therapy of IFN α1b demonstrates efficacy and safety in treating pediatric RSV associated lower respiratory tract infections.It particularly offers outstanding clinical therapeutic value for severe children.

Objective:To develop a Recurrence Fear Scale for Patients with Atrial Fibrillation after Catheter Ablation and conduct psychometric testing for its reliability and validity.Methods:Based on the common-sense model of self-regulation, the scale was developed through a literature review and semi-structured interviews to construct an item pool. The scale draft was formed through expert consultation and a pre-survey. Using convenience sampling, 361 patients with atrial fibrillation who had undergone catheter ablation and were either hospitalized or attending outpatient follow-up at the Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, between January and March 2024, were selected for questionnaire survey. Item analysis and reliability and validity tests were performed on the scale.Results:Exploratory factor analysis identified five common factors, with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 74.375%. Confirmatory factor analysis showed good model fit. The final scale included five dimensions and 24 items: trigger factors, recurrence risk perception, disease uncertainty, psychological burden, and coping strategies. The content validity index at the scale level was 0.864, and the item-level content validity index ranged from 0.684 to 0.947. The Cronbach's α coefficient of the scale was 0.919, the split-half reliability coefficient was 0.834, and the test-retest reliability coefficient was 0.872.Conclusions:The development of the Recurrence Fear Scale for Patients with Atrial Fibrillation after Catheter Ablation is scientific and standardized, and the scale has good reliability and validity. It can effectively assess the level of recurrence fear in these patients.

Objective:To investigate the utilization of inpatient service and influencing factors among pneumoconiosis patients in Chongqing within one year, and to provide a reference basis for the formulation of relevant policies by health management departments.Methods:From October 2020 to October 2023, a multi-stage cluster random sampling method was adopted to select 2002 patients with confirmed pneumoconiosis as the research subjects. A questionnaire survey was conducted on their basic information, inpatient service utilization within one year, treatment for pneumoconiosis-related symptoms, and choice of medical service institutions. Chi-square test and logistic regression were used for statistical analysis.Results:All 2002 pneumoconiosis patients were male, with 40.16% (804/2002) aged 46-55 years old, and 83.32% (1668/2002) currently residing in rural areas. The monthly income of the patients was 833 (167, 2000) yuan, and 22.03% (441/2002) had no income. 30.97% (620/2002) of the patients spent more than 5001 yuan per year on treatment for pneumoconiosis, and 14.64% (293/2002) had debts of more than 5001 yuan. 42.06% (842/2002) had no work-related injury insurance. 21.68% (434/2002) of the patients self-assessed their health status as very poor or poor. The one-year inpatient rate of the patients was 51.25% (1026/2002), and the total inpatient time within one year was 18 (10, 51) days. The inpatient expenses were 6000 (1000, 16625) yuan. Through univariate analysis, the one-year inpatient rates of pneumoconiosis patients were statistically significantly different among different age groups, current employment status, annual household income levels, types of pneumoconiosis, stages of pneumoconiosis, presence or absence of work-related injury insurance, whether receiving minimum living allowances and social assistance related to pneumoconiosis, and different segments of self-assessed health status ( P<0.05). Patients with stage Ⅲ pneumoconiosis, those who received social assistance and minimum living allowances related to pneumoconiosis had higher one-year inpatient rates ( P<0.05), with OR values of 3.893, 1.859, and 2.589, respectively. Conclusion:The utilization of inpatient service by pneumoconiosis patients is influenced by demographic characteristics, social support, and disease factors. It is necessary to enhance the occupational disease diagnosis and treatment capabilities of primary health institutions, build a multi-level social support network, and ensure that patients can conveniently access medical services.

Objective To observe and analyze the clinical efficacy of Hewei Jiangni Formula in treating patients with non-erosive gastroesophageal reflux disease(NERD)and cold-heat complex syndrome and explore its regulatory mechanism on visceral hypersensitivity.Methods Sixty patients with NERD and cold-heat complex syndrome diagnosed at the Gastroenterology Clinic of Dongfang Hospital,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine from January 2021 to Decemer 2023,were randomly divided into the Hewei Jiangni Formula group and omeprazole group,with 30 patients per group.The Hewei Jiangni Formula group was treated with Hewei Jiangni Formula and omeprazole enteric-coated tablets placebo,whereas the omeprazole group was treated with omeprazole enteric-coated tablets and Hewei Jiangni Formula placebo.The treatment period was scheduled to last for 8 weeks.The primary outcome indicators(Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Quality of Life Questionnaire(GERD-Q)scale score:response rate,total score,and single symptom score)and secondary outcome indicators(traditional Chinese medicine clinical scores scale)were recorded before and after treatment in both groups.Ten healthy individuals were recruited from the Physical Examination Center of Dongfang Hospital,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,as the healthy control group.The expression levels of mast cell tryptase(MCT),protease-activated receptor 2(PAR2),transient receptor potential vanilloid 1(TRPV1),substance P(SP),calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP),5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT),and 5-hydroxytryptamine 3 receptor(5-HT3R)were recorded.These indicators were then used for the following comparisons:the NERD patients vs.the healthy group before treatment;the Hewei Jiangni Formula group vs.the omeprazole group after treatment;the intra-group comparisons within both NERD groups.Changes in serum levels of these indicators were observed before and after treatment in both NERD groups.Results According to the GERD-Q scores before and after treatment,the effective rate was 90.00%in the Hewei Jiangni Formula group and 86.67%in the omeprazole group,with no significant differences.Both groups exhibited improved symptoms of heartburn,regurgitation,upper abdominal pain,and sleep disorders caused by heartburn or regurgitation(P<0.05);however,neither group exhibited significantly improved nausea(P>0.05).Before treatment,MCT,PAR2,TRPV1,SP,CGRP,5-HT,and 5-HT3R expression levels in both NERD groups were significantly higher than those in the healthy control group(P<0.05).After treatment with Hewei Jiangni Formula or omeprazole enteric-coated tablets,the expression levels of these indicators decreased in both groups(P<0.05).The omeprazole group was superior to Hewei Jiangni Formula in reducing 5-HT3R expression(P<0.05).Conclusion Hewei Jiangni Formula significantly improves the symptoms of patients with NERD and cold-heat complex syndrome,with efficacy comparable to that of omeprazole enteric-coated tablets.It is superior to omeprazole in improving symptoms of spleen yang deficiency,such as loss of appetite,fatigue,borborygmus with loose stools,and cold extremities.Hewei Jiangni Formula reduces MCT,PAR2,TRPV1,SP,CGRP,5-HT,and 5-HT3R expression levels,regulates related signaling pathways,and alleviates visceral hypersensitivity.

Objective To explore the impact of the TINCR-MAF:MAFB transcription factor network on the expression of proliferation and differentiation-related genes in keratinocytes,to verify the role of this network in the occurrence and development of psoriasis and its potential mechanisms.Methods Employed RNA interference technology to knock down TINCR gene expression,and the proliferation ability of keratinocytes was assessed using the CCK-8 method.Additionally,qRT-PCR and Western blot analyses were conducted to evaluate the RNA and protein expression levels of TINCR,MAFB,and KLF4 genes.Immunohistochemical methods were used to detect the expression of KLF4 protein in psoriasis tissues.Results After TINCR gene siRNA interference,the proliferation ability of keratinocytes significantly decreased at 24,48,and 72 hours(P<0.001),indicating that the TINCR gene plays a critical role in cell proliferation.The results of qRT-PCR and Western blot analyses showed that the RNA and protein expression levels of TINCR,MAFB,and KLF4 genes were significantly reduced(P<0.001),suggesting that TINCR may influence the differentiation of keratinocytes by regulating the expression of MAFB transcription factor and KLF4 differentiation-related genes.Furthermore,immunohistochemical results indicated that the expression of KLF4 protein was significantly elevated in psoriasis tissues compared to normal skin tissues,suggesting that KLF4 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis.Conclusions The TINCR-MAF:MAFB transcription factor network may participate in the occurrence and development of psoriasis by affecting the proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes.This finding provides a new perspective on the pathogenesis of psoriasis and potential targets for future therapeutic strategies.

Objective To observe and analyze the clinical efficacy of Hewei Jiangni Formula in treating patients with non-erosive gastroesophageal reflux disease(NERD)and cold-heat complex syndrome and explore its regulatory mechanism on visceral hypersensitivity.Methods Sixty patients with NERD and cold-heat complex syndrome diagnosed at the Gastroenterology Clinic of Dongfang Hospital,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine from January 2021 to Decemer 2023,were randomly divided into the Hewei Jiangni Formula group and omeprazole group,with 30 patients per group.The Hewei Jiangni Formula group was treated with Hewei Jiangni Formula and omeprazole enteric-coated tablets placebo,whereas the omeprazole group was treated with omeprazole enteric-coated tablets and Hewei Jiangni Formula placebo.The treatment period was scheduled to last for 8 weeks.The primary outcome indicators(Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Quality of Life Questionnaire(GERD-Q)scale score:response rate,total score,and single symptom score)and secondary outcome indicators(traditional Chinese medicine clinical scores scale)were recorded before and after treatment in both groups.Ten healthy individuals were recruited from the Physical Examination Center of Dongfang Hospital,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,as the healthy control group.The expression levels of mast cell tryptase(MCT),protease-activated receptor 2(PAR2),transient receptor potential vanilloid 1(TRPV1),substance P(SP),calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP),5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT),and 5-hydroxytryptamine 3 receptor(5-HT3R)were recorded.These indicators were then used for the following comparisons:the NERD patients vs.the healthy group before treatment;the Hewei Jiangni Formula group vs.the omeprazole group after treatment;the intra-group comparisons within both NERD groups.Changes in serum levels of these indicators were observed before and after treatment in both NERD groups.Results According to the GERD-Q scores before and after treatment,the effective rate was 90.00%in the Hewei Jiangni Formula group and 86.67%in the omeprazole group,with no significant differences.Both groups exhibited improved symptoms of heartburn,regurgitation,upper abdominal pain,and sleep disorders caused by heartburn or regurgitation(P<0.05);however,neither group exhibited significantly improved nausea(P>0.05).Before treatment,MCT,PAR2,TRPV1,SP,CGRP,5-HT,and 5-HT3R expression levels in both NERD groups were significantly higher than those in the healthy control group(P<0.05).After treatment with Hewei Jiangni Formula or omeprazole enteric-coated tablets,the expression levels of these indicators decreased in both groups(P<0.05).The omeprazole group was superior to Hewei Jiangni Formula in reducing 5-HT3R expression(P<0.05).Conclusion Hewei Jiangni Formula significantly improves the symptoms of patients with NERD and cold-heat complex syndrome,with efficacy comparable to that of omeprazole enteric-coated tablets.It is superior to omeprazole in improving symptoms of spleen yang deficiency,such as loss of appetite,fatigue,borborygmus with loose stools,and cold extremities.Hewei Jiangni Formula reduces MCT,PAR2,TRPV1,SP,CGRP,5-HT,and 5-HT3R expression levels,regulates related signaling pathways,and alleviates visceral hypersensitivity.

The operating room is the core settings of various surgical treatments, and exhibits distinct attributes and systemic complexities. Medical staff who work long term in operating rooms face multiple exposures to potential health hazards. Especially with the progress of electrosurgical technology and the frequent use of electrosurgical equipment, the possible health effects of the resulting electrosurgical smoke to those working in operating rooms have gradually attracted attention. This paper reviewed the composition, hazard, exposure risk monitoring, and protective measures of electrosurgical smoke, aiming to deepen the understandings of potential health risks of electrosurgical smoke, improve the self-protection awareness of medical staff, strengthen attention to electrosurgical smoke protection in all hospitals, and ensure the occupational safety of medical staff.

Objective To explore the potential prognostic factors of patients with acute ischemic stroke(AIS)after undergoing endovascular mechanical thrombectomy and to construct an effective predictive model.Methods A retrospective analysis of clinical data was conducted on 202 patients with anterior circulation large vessel occlusion AIS from 2 stroke centers.All patients received endovascular mechanical thrombectomy treatment,with treatment and follow-up lasting at least 90 d.Basic demographic characteristics,medical records,and baseline blood biomarker data were collected,and the potential prognostic indicators for AIS after 90 d were screened using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO)-logistic regression analysis.Results It was found that alcohol drinking(P=0.029),hypertension(P=0.001),diabetes mellitus(P=0.021),stroke or transient ischemic attack(P=0.049),systolic blood pressure on admission(P=0.009),diastolic blood pressure on admission(P=0.038),blood glucose(P=0.003),white blood cell count(P=0.001),neutrophil count(P=0.001),fibrinogen(P=0.010),systemic immune-inflammation index(P=0.008)and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)(P＜0.001)were associated with adverse clinical outcomes.Nine significant prognostic determinants were screened through LASSO-logistic regression analysis.Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that male sex(P=0.008),smoking history(P=0.013),hypertension(P=0.011),lymphocyte(P=0.028),fibrinogen(P=0.016),and NLR(P＜0.001)were significant predictive factors for poor prognosis in AIS patients after endovascular thrombectomy treatment.The constructed prognostic model had an accuracy of 76.2％,a sensitivity of 78.2％,a specificity of 71.7％,and a positive predictive value of 86.7％.Conclusion The predictive model established in this study can assist clinicians in identifying high-risk patients with AIS who have undergone endovascular thrombectomy,and it provide guidance for formulating individualized treatment strategies.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the correlation between styloid process related parameters and symptoms in patients with styloid process syndrome.METHODS A retrospective study was conducted on the 3D reconstruction CT results of the styloid process in 68 patients diagnosed with styloid process syndrome who visited the Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from January 2010 to December 2024.The relationship between parameters such as styloid process length,angle,distance from styloid process tip to pharynx,and specific symptoms in patients with styloid process syndrome was analyzed.RESULTS Among 68 patients with styloid process syndrome,44 had unilateral symptoms and 24 had bilateral symptoms.The length of the styloid process on the symptomatic side of patients with unilateral symptoms(3.86±0.16)cm was significantly longer than that on the asymptomatic side(2.98±0.17)cm(Z=-2.191,P=0.028);The length of the styloid process on the side with severe symptoms in patients with bilateral symptoms(3.98±0.37)cm was also significantly longer than that in patients with mild symptoms(3.37±0.15)cm(t=2.448,P=0.024).Patients with styloid process syndrome mainly present with pharyngalgia(64.71%,44/68).There were no significant differences in the length,inclination angle,anteversion angle,and distance between the styloid process tip and the pharynx among those with unilateral pharyngalgia(n=29),bilateral pharyngalgia(n=15),and non pharyngalgia(n=24)(P>0.05).However,among the 68 patients with styloid syndrome,12 had calcification of the styloid hyoid ligament,while 56 did not.The incidence of unilateral pharyngalgia was significantly higher in patients with calcification of the styloid hyoid ligament than in patients without calcification(66.7%vs.35.7%,χ2=3.909,P=0.048).CONCLUSION The severity of symptoms in patients with styloid process syndrome is related to the length of the styloid process,and those with calcification of the styloid hyoid ligament are more likely to experience pharyngalgia.

With reference to the Information and Documentation-Resource Description (GB/T 3792-2021) and Bibliographical Description for Ancient Chinese Books (GB/T 3792.7-2008) and other cataloging standards and rules, drawing on the practical experience of cataloging ancient TCM books, Bibliographical Cataloging for Ancient TCM Books was formulated. This standard specifies the entry items and their order of ancient TCM books, cataloging identifier, cataloging text, cataloging information source, and cataloging item details. The standard can provide standardized and unified guiding principles and methods for the work of ancient TCM books, and promote the sharing and utilization of ancient TCM books.