【Objective】 To investigate the development of adaptability in children aged 2 - 6, and to explore its influencing factors, so as to provide reference for promoting the development of adaptability in young children. 【Methods】 Data were from the National Nutrition and Health Systematic Survey for Children in China, and 3 319 children aged 2 - 6 and their parents from 28 sites across 14 provinces were recruited in this study.The Development Scale for Children Aged 0 - 6 years (WS/T 580-2017) was used to measure the developmental quotient of children′s adaptive ability, and a survey questionnaire was used to collect relevant information about children and their parents. 【Results】 Among 3 319 children aged 2 - 6, the proportion of slightly low or low level of adaptability, moderate adaptability development, good and excellent adaptability development was 7.68%,66.25% and 26.06%, respectively.The proportion of children aged 5 - 6 with good and excellent adaptability was lower in 3-year-old and 4-year-old groups (χ²=59.29, P<0.05).Multiple stepwise linear regression showed that children′s gender (β=0.06), gestational age of birth (β=-0.05), only child (β=-0.04), left-behind child (β=-0.04), the main caregiver (β=-0.06), and the education level of parents (β=0.09, 0.10), whether parents actively pay attention to children′s emotions (β=-0.06) and whether children play with homemade toys (β=-0.04) were the influencing factors of children′s adaptive development quotient.Girls, full-term children, only children, non-left-behind children, children with parents as main caregivers, parents with a high level of education, parents who often take the initiative to pay attention to children′s emotions, and children who play with homemade toys had a higher level of adaptability development quotient. 【Conclusions】 The development level of adaptability in children aged 2 - 6 in China is mostly above the average level and is related to multiple factors.Targeted intervention work can be carried out on relevant factors in order to promote the development of children′s adaptability.

Objective : To investigate the mechanism of miRNAs in glycyrrhizic acid treatment of alcohol⁃induced liver injury in rats . Methods : 45 male SD rats were randomly divided into glycyrrhizin group , model group and control group . The rats in glycyrrhizin group were given 56% liquor and glycyrrhizin , the rats in model group were given 56% liquor , and the rats in control group were given distilled water for 8 weeks . The blood was collected and the serum was separated by centrifugation to detect the levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) . RNA were extracted from liver tissues , miRNAs were detected by rat miRNA microarray , and their expression levels were analyzed . The miRNA target genes of differential miRNA were predicted . Gene Ontology (GO) and KEGG Pathway enrichment analysis were used to understand the function of differential miRNA , and the differential miRNA⁃mRNA⁃Pathway regulatory network was constructed using Cytoscape to further screen the regulatory key miRNA and key pathways . qRT⁃PCR was used to verify the expression of selected miRNA . Results : Compared with the model group , the glycyrrhizin group could significantly improve the liver tissue lesions , and reduce the liver serum AST and ALT levels (P < 0. 05) . Compared the microarray data of glycyrrhizin group and model group , a total of 13 differentially expressed miRNA were screened ( P < 0. 05 , fold change ≥ 1 . 5) , of which 10 were up⁃regulated and 3 were down⁃regulated . The GO classification annotation of differential miRNA target genes showed that differential miRNA were related to cell adhesion , antioxidant activity , metabolic process , biological process regulation , cell killing , immune system and other functions . The KEGG Pathway analyling pathway , Hippo signaling pathway , PI3K⁃Akt signaling pathway , wnt signaling pathway , apoptosis and other signaling pathways might play an important regulatory role in the improvement of alcoholic liver injury by glycyrrhic acid . Conclusion This study established the miRNA expression profile of glycyrrhizin in the treatment of alcoholic liver injury in rats , suggested that miR⁃615 , miR⁃107 ⁃3p and miR⁃292⁃5p might play an important role in the treatment of alcoholic liver injury by glycyrrhizin .

Objective: To explore the relationship between anemia and neuropsychological development in various domains among preschool children in China. Methods: Data came from the National Nutrition and Health Systematic Survey for children in China, and 3 261 preschool children aged 2-6 years and their parents from 28 sites across 14 provinces were recruited in this study. Parental and child characteristics were obtained by interview administrated questionnaires. Blood hemoglobin(Hb) concentration was determined by Hemocue method. Neuropsychological development quotients were assessed using the Development Scale for Children Aged 0-6 Years(WS/T 580-2017). Results: The average Hb level was (125.23±11.49)g/L and the overall anemia prevalence was 10.30% among preschool children. After adjusting the confounding factors(sex, age, ethnicity, region, feeding mode, maternal status during pregnancy, etc), developmental quotients of gross motor( β=-2.15, 95%CI =-3.89--0.41), fine motor( β=-2.46, 95%CI =-4.12--0.79), adaptive behavior( β=-2.59, 95%CI =-4.42--0.76), language( β=-3.65, 95%CI =-5.53--1.78), personal social behavior( β=-3.11, 95%CI =-4.94--1.28) and full scale( β=-2.79, 95%CI =-4.10--1.49) among children with anemia were significantly lower than non anemic infants( P <0.05). Conclusion Anemia was negatively associated with developmental quotient, as well as five domains of gross motor, fine motor, adaptive behavior, language, and personal social behavior in preschool children aged 2-6 years. It is suggested to carry out the work of anemia monitoring and intervention in preschool children to further improve their neuropsychological development.

Objective: To explore associated factors of mobile phone dependence and its relation with psychological resilience among college students. Methods: College students from 5 universities in Hefei were randomly selected through multi-stage sampling (stratified clustering) and investigated with questionnaires. A total of 2 502 college students were included in the analysis. Results: Mobile phone dependence among college students differed by gender (χ2=18.25, P<0.01), residence (χ2=17.71, P<0.01), whether in a relationship(χ2=8.09, P<0.01), grade(χ2=19.58, P<0.01), only child(χ2=7.48, P<0.01), family economic status (χ2=17.43, P<0.01) and time spent in mobile phone (χ2=73.46，P<0.01) while no similar differences were found by family structure and length of mobile phone ownership. Spearman correlation showed negative correlation (P<0.01) between mobile phone dependence and psychological resilience. Logistic regression model results showed that female, not in a relationship, lower grade, less time spent in mobile phone and high psychological resilience were negatively correlated with mobile phone dependence. Compared with students from rural areas, urban area was positively associated with mobile phone dependence. Emotional control, family support, and interpersonal assistance associated with lower risk for mobile phone dependence. Conclusion Mobile phone dependence is affected by gender, relationship status, grade, usage duration, and residence. High psychological resilience associated negatively with risk for mobile phone dependence.

Objective To analyze the therapeutic effects of chemotherapy after chidamide pretreatment in 16 cases of high-risk and refractory lymphoid malignancy. Methods The efficacy and adverse reactions of 16 patients with high-risk and refractory lymphoid malignancy who received chidamide combined with chemotherapy after 3 days pretreatment of chidamide were analyzed. Results Sixteen patients included 6 males and 10 females, and the median age was 49.5 years old (23-88 years old). The median course of previous systemic chemotherapy was 4 (range 0-22). Among 14 patients who received induction chemotherapy, 7 patients achieved complete remission (CR), 7 patients achieved partial remission (PR). Fourteen patients had achieved clinical efficacy, and the overall response rate (ORR) was 100 %. After 2 cases had remission , the patients who entered this regimen for consolidation chemotherapy also had durable CR. The median follow-up time was 13 months (range 2-24 months) until December 2017. Nine cases had overall survival (OS), 7 cases died and 9 cases had progression-free survival. Common adverse effects of the chemotherapy included mild and controllable gastrointestinal reactions after chidamide. Conclusion Chemotherapy after chidamide pretreatment may improve the effect and prognosis of high-risk or refractory lymphoid malignancy.

Objective To evaluate the left ventricle systolic function in patients with aortic stenosis (AS) underwent transcatheter aortic valve implantation(TAVI) by speckle tracking imaging and to observe the indicators in bicuspid aortic valves(BAV) and tricuspid aortic valves(TAV) groups.Methods Twenty nine patients with AS were enrolled,all of them underwent TAVI successfully.The regular echocardiography and 3D full-volume images were acquired on before and 3 days,1 month after TAVI.Longitudinal strain,circumferential strain,and three-dimensional left ventricle ejection fraction(3D-LVEF) were analyzed using Qlab software.Results Compared with the baseline,aortic valve blood flow velocity (AV),maximum aortic valve pressure gradient (AVPG-max),mean aortic valve pressure gradient (AVPG-mean),aortic valve area(AVA) after TAVI were improved significantly.Global longitudinal strain(GLS) had a improvement on 3 days after TAVI(all P ＜0.001),and further increased during 1 month after TAVI (all P ＜0.001).Global circumferential strain(GCS) were increased during 1 month after TAVI(all P ＜ 0.001).The 3D-LVEF after 1 month were improved significantly(all P ＜0.001).The BAV patients and TAV patients had similar changes in all of indicators observed.Conclusions The left ventricle systolic function has early improvement after TAVI,and further recovery during follow-up.The BAV patients can obtain a benefit from TAVI equally to the TAV patients.

Objective To analyze and discuss the effect of heat preservation on the recovery time of BIS and the concentration of propofol in the recovery period of the elderly patients with general anesthesia in order to provide guidance for clinical treatment.Methods78 elderly patients with general anesthesia were selected as the subjects, and the patients were divided into the control group and the study group with 39 cases in each group.The patients were divided into the control group and the study group.Control group, only to be liquid input and covered by drapes, research group take liquid input and peritoneal flushing fluid heating and heating blanket coverage of insulation measures, were recorded and compared between the two groups from anesthesia began to operation to complete the different time points of esophageal temperature and MAP, and to observe the recovery time of patients and effect compartment concentration differences.ResultsTwo groups at T0, T1 esophageal temperature no significant difference, study group t2-t6 esophageal temperatures were significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.05), maps of the other two groups at different time points had no significant difference;when two groups of patients with propofol withdrawal BIS values had no significant difference (P<0.05), and in the time of discontinuation BIS is more than or equal to 80 recovery time and effect compartment concentration have significant difference (P<0.05).ConclusionThe surgical treatment of elderly patients with general anesthesia can help maintain the body temperature, shorten the recovery time of BIS and reduce the concentration of propofol in the recovery period.

Objective To construct prokaryotic expression vectors for glutamate dehydrogenase(GDH)of Clostridium difficile(CD),and express recombinant GDH in Escherichia coli,and identify its antigenicityed.Methods The entire gene of GDH was cloned from ATCC43255 genome DNA.The recombinant antigens were expressed in E.coli with IPTG induction and purified by Ni-NATBeads.The antigenicity was detected using CD Qick Chek Complete dual-antigen EIA. Results Prokaryotic expression vectors of CD GDH were constructed successfully.The antigen could be identified by specific anti-GDH antibodies.Conclusion The GDH antigen can be used to prepare corresponding antibodies,which facilitate the development of immunoassay for CD GDH.

Objective To measure the gap of community health staffing and establish new norms for community health facilities by means of the WHO Workload indicator of staffing need (WISN) method,for reference of the government in evaluation and decision making of community health staffing. Methods With Xicheng District of Beijing as an example,we collected data on community health staffing and calculated the total demand,measuring the total demand and supply,and gap or surplus in the staffing.Results in 2013,the demand of community health staffing was about 1 7.18 million standard equivalents in Xicheng,while the supply was 10.5 12 million.The WISN ratio was 0.67 for community health supply and demand,in which the ratio of physicians was close to 1,while that of nurses and public health workers was far below 1.850 extra community health staff was needed to reach the total of 2 602 persons.Conclusion The demand and supply of community health service in Xicheng District was seriously unbalanced,a huge gap featuring overstaffing of nurses and inadequate public health workers.This results from the enhancement of primary public health services and rising utilization of community healthcare services in recent years,which deserves high attention from government of all levels,by increasing the staffing of community health staffing standards.