Objective To explore the clinical factors influencing complete response in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT). Methods Clinical data of LARC patients treated in the Department of Radiation Oncology at Beijing Shijitan Hospital between January 2013 and December 2024 were retrospectively collected. All patients received nCRT, after which surgery or a watch-and-wait approach was adopted based on treatment response. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify prognostic factors influencing complete response. A clinical prediction model was constructed based on the multivariable analysis results, and its predictive performance was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic curve. Results A total of 113 eligible patients were included. After nCRT, 19 patients (16.8%) achieved complete response, including 3 with clinical complete response and 16 with pathological complete response. Univariable analysis indicated that pretreatment clinical N stage, extramural venous invasion, carcinoembryonic antigen level, and neoadjuvant treatment regimen were associated with complete response after nCRT (P<0.05). Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified pretreatment extramural venous invasion, carcinoembryonic antigen level, and neoadjuvant treatment regimen as independent influencing factors for complete response (P<0.05). A prediction model incorporating these independent factors yielded an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.813 (95% confidence interval: 0.713-0.913), with a sensitivity of 89.5% and a specificity of 60.6%, demonstrating good predictive performance. Conclusion Pretreatment extramural venous invasion, carcinoembryonic antigen level, and neoadjuvant treatment regimen are independent factors influencing complete response after nCRT in LARC patients. The prediction model combining these factors may assist in evaluating treatment efficacy following nCRT in LARC patients.

Perineural invasion (PNI) by tumor cells is a key phenotype of highly-invasive oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Since Schwann cells (SCs) and fibroblasts maintain the physiological homeostasis of the peripheral nervous system, and we have focused on cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) for decades, it's imperative to elucidate the impact of CAFs on SCs in PNI⁺ OSCCs. We describe a disease progression-driven shift of PNI^- towards PNI⁺ during the progression of early-stage OSCC (31%, n = 125) to late-stage OSCC (53%, n = 97), characterized by abundant CAFs and nerve demyelination. CAFs inhibited SC proliferation/migration and reduced neurotrophic factors and myelin in vitro, and this involved up-regulated ER stress and decreased MAPK signals. Moreover, CAFs also aggravated the paralysis of the hind limb and PNI in vivo. Unexpectedly, leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) was exclusively expressed on CAFs and up-regulated in metastatic OSCC. The LIF inhibitor EC330 restored CAF-induced SC inactivation. Thus, OSCC-derived CAFs inactivate SCs to aggravate nerve injury and PNI development.
Schwann Cells/metabolism* ; Mouth Neoplasms/metabolism* ; Humans ; Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts/metabolism* ; Animals ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/metabolism* ; Neoplasm Invasiveness/pathology* ; Male ; Female ; Mice ; Cell Movement/physiology* ; Cell Proliferation/physiology* ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Leukemia Inhibitory Factor/metabolism* ; Middle Aged

Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of proximal femoral reconstruction osteotomy (PFRO) in hip revision arthroplasty.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted of the 92 patients (93 hips) who had undergone PFRO in hip revision arthroplasty at Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of Science and Technology of China from January 2019 to December 2023. The cohort included 50 males (51 hips) and 42 females (42 hips), with an age of (64.5±11.7) years and a body mass index of (23.7±2.9) kg/m 2. Surgical procedures were performed under general anesthesia via a posterolateral approach. Biologic prostheses were used in femoral reconstruction, and PFRO fragments repositioned and fixed using cerclage wires. The data collected were operative time, intraoperative blood loss, length of osteotomy fragments, healing at the osteotomy site, intraoperative and follow-up complications, as well as Harris hip score (HHS) and leg length discrepancy (LLD) at the last follow-up. Results:For this cohort, operative time was (174.9±45.6) minutes, intraoperative blood loss (594.6±206.6) mL, and length of osteotomy fragments (12.3±2.3) mm. The 92 patients were followed up for (35.8±12.3) months. For them, HHS improved from preoperative (38.3±8.5) points to (80.5±12.8) points at the last follow-up, and LLD decreased from preoperative (21.2±13.0) mm to 2.0(0.0, 5.0) mm at the last follow-up, showing significant differences ( P<0.05). The osteotomy sites healed in 89 cases (90 hips), with a displacement of the greater trochanter <5 mm; 3 cases (3 hips) experienced nonunion with wire loosening and a displacement of the greater trochanter >10 mm. The osteotomy fragment of the greater trochanter got fractured in 2 patients (2 hips) and a fracture of the medial cortex of the proximal femur occurred in 11 patients (11 hips), but follow-ups observed healing of all the fractures. One patient (1 hip) developed postoperative posterior dislocation of the hip which was treated conservatively. One patient (1 hip) developed postoperative periprosthetic infection which did not recur after twice of debridement followed by prosthetic revision of the proximal femoral tumor. Conclusion:In hip revision arthroplasty, as PFRO demonstrates a low incidence of fragment fractures of the greater trochanter and a high rate of healing at the osteotomy site, its short-term clinical outcomes are satisfactory.

Lung function serves as a clinical indicator reflecting respiratory system function,ai-ding in the diagnosis and monitoring of pulmonary diseases.Both genetic and environmental factors ex-ert significant influences on lung function.A comprehensive understanding of the role of genetic factors in lung function is crucial for gaining deeper insights into the regulatory mechanisms of lung function.In recent years,with the application of advanced technologies such as genome-wide association stud-ies,whole-exome sequencing,whole-genome sequencing,and epigenome-wide association studies,numerous genetic loci related to lung function have been identified.This review aimed to summarize the current research progress in genetics related to lung function,providing a reference for subsequent in-depth exploration of the pathological and physiological mechanisms affecting lung function.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of proximal femoral reconstruction osteotomy (PFRO) in hip revision arthroplasty.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted of the 92 patients (93 hips) who had undergone PFRO in hip revision arthroplasty at Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of Science and Technology of China from January 2019 to December 2023. The cohort included 50 males (51 hips) and 42 females (42 hips), with an age of (64.5±11.7) years and a body mass index of (23.7±2.9) kg/m 2. Surgical procedures were performed under general anesthesia via a posterolateral approach. Biologic prostheses were used in femoral reconstruction, and PFRO fragments repositioned and fixed using cerclage wires. The data collected were operative time, intraoperative blood loss, length of osteotomy fragments, healing at the osteotomy site, intraoperative and follow-up complications, as well as Harris hip score (HHS) and leg length discrepancy (LLD) at the last follow-up. Results:For this cohort, operative time was (174.9±45.6) minutes, intraoperative blood loss (594.6±206.6) mL, and length of osteotomy fragments (12.3±2.3) mm. The 92 patients were followed up for (35.8±12.3) months. For them, HHS improved from preoperative (38.3±8.5) points to (80.5±12.8) points at the last follow-up, and LLD decreased from preoperative (21.2±13.0) mm to 2.0(0.0, 5.0) mm at the last follow-up, showing significant differences ( P<0.05). The osteotomy sites healed in 89 cases (90 hips), with a displacement of the greater trochanter <5 mm; 3 cases (3 hips) experienced nonunion with wire loosening and a displacement of the greater trochanter >10 mm. The osteotomy fragment of the greater trochanter got fractured in 2 patients (2 hips) and a fracture of the medial cortex of the proximal femur occurred in 11 patients (11 hips), but follow-ups observed healing of all the fractures. One patient (1 hip) developed postoperative posterior dislocation of the hip which was treated conservatively. One patient (1 hip) developed postoperative periprosthetic infection which did not recur after twice of debridement followed by prosthetic revision of the proximal femoral tumor. Conclusion:In hip revision arthroplasty, as PFRO demonstrates a low incidence of fragment fractures of the greater trochanter and a high rate of healing at the osteotomy site, its short-term clinical outcomes are satisfactory.

Objective:To analyze the survival and prognostic factors of male patients with breast cancer after mastectomy.Methods:Male patients with invasive breast ductal cancer who underwent mastectomy from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2018 were selected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Survival analysis was performed by Kaplan-Meier method, and compared by log-rank test. Prognostic factors were identified by Cox proportional hazards regression analysis.Results:A total of 1231 cases were included, with an onset age of (67 ± 12) years. The proportion of stage I-II was 81.1%. The 10-year cancer-specific survival (CSS) rates for stage IA, IIA, IIB, IIIA, IIIB, and IIIC patients were 85.4%, 84.9%, 69.0%, 68.1%, 51.9%, and 48.3%, respectively (all P<0.001). For stage IA-IIB patients, the 10-year CSS rate was 79.2% in the postoperative radiotherapy group, compared to 83.0% in the non-radiotherapy group ( P=0.019). For stage IIIA-IIIC patients, the 10-year CSS rate was 61.7% in the postoperative radiotherapy group, compared to 52.9% in the non-radiotherapy group ( P=0.021). For stage IA-IIB patients, the 10-year CSS rate was 83.8% in the postoperative chemotherapy group, compared to 79.8% in the non-chemotherapy group ( P=0.342). For stage IIIA-IIIC patients, the 10-year CSS rate was 59.7% in the postoperative chemotherapy group, compared to 54.1% in the non-chemotherapy group ( P=0.052). Multivariate analysis showed that younger age, married and grade I-II differentiation were favorable prognostic factors. The earlier the tumor staging, the better the prognosis. Conclusions:Postoperative radiotherapy can improve the CSS of stage III male patients with breast cancer. Younger age, married, grade I-II differentiation are favorable prognostic factors. The earlier the tumor staging, the better the prognosis.

Purpose To investigate the clinicopathological features,diagnosis and differential diagnosis of the primordial odontogenic tumour(POT).Methods Clinical data of 4 cases of jawbone POT were collected.Imaging examination,HE,and immunohistochemical EnVision two-step staining was used to an-alyze their clinical and pathological characteristics,and relevant literatures were reviewed.Results The age arranged from 5 years to 21 years.2 cases were male and 2 case were female.There were 2 cases in maxilla and 2 cases in mandible.The clinical presentation was a slow growing painless mass.Cut sur-face of the tumor was appeared grayish yellow and grayish white,the tumor involved the crown of an unerupted tooth.The tumour consisted of a proliferation of spindled and stellate cells in myx-oid stroma.Surfaced by cuboidal to columnar epithelium forming papillary structures and invaginations.Calcification was observed in 2 cases.Conclusion POT is a rare benign mixed odontogen-ic tumor that is more common in children and adolescents.Mas-tering its characteristic histological morphology can make a cor-rect diagnosis.Local complete resection of the tumor has a good prognosis.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical effect of bispherical augment in acetabular defects reconstruction in hip revision.Methods:This is a retrospective case series study. A retrospective analysis of 119 patients (124 hips) patients who underwent hip revision surgery and reconstructed with bispherical augment for acetabular bone defects from January 2019 to December 2023 was performed. There were 57 males (58 hips) and 62 females (66 hips), aged (65.0±11.8) years (range:40 to 102 years). The body mass index was (23.9±3.5) kg/m 2 (range:16.1 to 32.2 kg/m 2). Acetabular bone defects were typed as follows: 2 hips in Paprosky type ⅡA, 29 hips in type ⅡB, 34 hips in type ⅡC, 31 hips in type ⅢA, and 28 hips in type ⅢB, of which 9 patients (9 hips) were combined with pelvic discontinuity. Differences in Harris hip score (HHS) and lower limb discrepancy (LLD) were compared between preoperatively and final follow-up. The height of the hip center of rotation and the horizontal distance from the center of rotation to the teardrop were measured by radiographs before and after surgery, and prothesis stability and the occurrence of postoperative complications were evaluated. Data were compared using the paired sample t test. Results:All patients successfully completed the operation. The operation time was (167.0±53.4) minutes (range:90 to 380 minutes) and the intraoperative bleeding was (345.3±124.2) ml (range:100 to 1 200 ml). The height of the hip center of rotation decreased from (39.7±13.0) mm preoperatively to (21.8±7.1) mm postoperatively and the horizontal distance from the center of rotation to the teardrop increased from (34.0±10.1) mm preoperatively to (38.5±5.9) mm postoperatively, and the differences were statistically significant ( t=15.859, P<0.01; t=5.266, P<0.01). All the patients were followed up for (26.1±15.4) months (range:6 to 60 months). At the last follow-up, HHS improved from (35.2±10.0) points preoperatively to (85.5±9.5) points, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=50.723, P<0.01). LLD decreased from (2.1±1.1) cm preoperatively to (0.5±0.5) cm, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=13.767, P<0.01). All acetabular components were stable and free of displacement on imaging during follow-up. Three patients suffered dislocation and received closed reduction, all prosthesis were in good position during follow-up. No dislocation, loosening, fracture, recurrence of infection and vascular nerve injury occurred in other patients. Conclusion:Bispherical augment can effectively reconstruct acetabular bone defects, restore the hip center of rotation, and improve hip joint function scores at short and mid-term follow-up.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical effect of bispherical augment in acetabular defects reconstruction in hip revision.Methods:This is a retrospective case series study. A retrospective analysis of 119 patients (124 hips) patients who underwent hip revision surgery and reconstructed with bispherical augment for acetabular bone defects from January 2019 to December 2023 was performed. There were 57 males (58 hips) and 62 females (66 hips), aged (65.0±11.8) years (range:40 to 102 years). The body mass index was (23.9±3.5) kg/m 2 (range:16.1 to 32.2 kg/m 2). Acetabular bone defects were typed as follows: 2 hips in Paprosky type ⅡA, 29 hips in type ⅡB, 34 hips in type ⅡC, 31 hips in type ⅢA, and 28 hips in type ⅢB, of which 9 patients (9 hips) were combined with pelvic discontinuity. Differences in Harris hip score (HHS) and lower limb discrepancy (LLD) were compared between preoperatively and final follow-up. The height of the hip center of rotation and the horizontal distance from the center of rotation to the teardrop were measured by radiographs before and after surgery, and prothesis stability and the occurrence of postoperative complications were evaluated. Data were compared using the paired sample t test. Results:All patients successfully completed the operation. The operation time was (167.0±53.4) minutes (range:90 to 380 minutes) and the intraoperative bleeding was (345.3±124.2) ml (range:100 to 1 200 ml). The height of the hip center of rotation decreased from (39.7±13.0) mm preoperatively to (21.8±7.1) mm postoperatively and the horizontal distance from the center of rotation to the teardrop increased from (34.0±10.1) mm preoperatively to (38.5±5.9) mm postoperatively, and the differences were statistically significant ( t=15.859, P<0.01; t=5.266, P<0.01). All the patients were followed up for (26.1±15.4) months (range:6 to 60 months). At the last follow-up, HHS improved from (35.2±10.0) points preoperatively to (85.5±9.5) points, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=50.723, P<0.01). LLD decreased from (2.1±1.1) cm preoperatively to (0.5±0.5) cm, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=13.767, P<0.01). All acetabular components were stable and free of displacement on imaging during follow-up. Three patients suffered dislocation and received closed reduction, all prosthesis were in good position during follow-up. No dislocation, loosening, fracture, recurrence of infection and vascular nerve injury occurred in other patients. Conclusion:Bispherical augment can effectively reconstruct acetabular bone defects, restore the hip center of rotation, and improve hip joint function scores at short and mid-term follow-up.

Objective:To analyze the prevalence of influenza B virus in Hangzhou from 2014 to 2020 and the genetic evolution of seven reassortant strains of influenza B virus.Methods:Influenza viruses were isolated from throat swabs collected from 16 943 patients with influenza-like illness in Hangzhou from January 2014 to December 2020. The subtypes of influenza viruses were identified by real-time RT-PCR. Eight genes ( PB2, PB1, PA, HA, NP, NA, MP and NS) of influenza B viruses were amplified with specific primers and then analyzed with nanopore sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Results:From January 2014 to December 2020, there were 1 090 influenza B virus-positive samples, including 474 samples of Yamagata lineage and 616 samples of Victoria lineage, were identified in Hangzhou with an overall positive rate of 6.43% (1 090/16 943). Whole genomes of 228 strains of influenza B virus were obtained by nanopore sequencing and seven reassortant strains of influenza B virus were found. There were four reassortant influenza B viruses of Yamagata lineage with NA gene fragments from viruses of Victoria lineage, two strains of Yamagata lineage (H644_BY and H648_BY) with NP and NA gene fragments from Victoria lineage and one strain of Victoria lineage with PB2, PB1, PA and NS gene fragments from Yamagata lineage. Meanwhile, these seven strains possessed several mutations in the antigenic sites of HA and NA genes. Conclusions:Several rare reassortant strains of influenza B virus with epidemic potential were detected in Hangzhou from 2014 to 2020, which indicated that the traditional detection methods should be improved and more attention should be paid to the reassortant influenza B viruses and the match between epidemic and vaccine strains.